CN1144324A - Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe - Google Patents
Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1144324A CN1144324A CN 94116382 CN94116382A CN1144324A CN 1144324 A CN1144324 A CN 1144324A CN 94116382 CN94116382 CN 94116382 CN 94116382 A CN94116382 A CN 94116382A CN 1144324 A CN1144324 A CN 1144324A
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- heat pipe
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- hydrogen element
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a permeable dehydrogen heat pipe used as heat-exchange device, in particular it is a steel-water heat pipe. Its pipe shell material is steel or stainless steel, and its actuating medium is water or actuating medium containing hydrogen element. It is characterized by that its condensation end, at least part of its internal wall and external wall are respectively combined with hydrogen-permeating activating metal layer and promoting hydrogen desorption metal layer to form a composite layer, or a hydrogen-permeating element is welded on its condensation end, and said hydrogen-permeating element also possesses the composite layer composed of base body, hydrogen-permeating activating metal layer and promoting hydrogen desorption metal layer, and the hydrogen gas produced when the heat pipe works can be permeated through the above composite layer and discharged from the heat pipe.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of architecture advances that is used as the heat pipe of heat exchange.
With steel or stainless steel as the shell material, with the material that contains protium is the heat pipe of working medium, steel-hydro-thermal the pipe that particularly with water is working medium (comprises gravity type, the band wick type, centrifugal, various steel such as electrodynamometer type-hydro-thermal pipe), be widely used in industrial heat-exchange apparatus, but these heat pipes are in its operating temperature range, have the problem of shell and working medium reaction releasing hydrogen gas, the hydrogen of generation can accumulate in heat pipe, hinders the phase-change heat transfer of working medium in the heat pipe, adopting heat pipes for heat transfer efficient is reduced gradually, finally cause heat pipe failure.
Developed at present and multiplely eliminated hydrogen in the heat pipe to prolong the heat pipe method of life, a kind of is that adding can absorb the material of hydrogen with the absorption hydrogen that heat pipe was produced in heat pipe, this heat pipe can only be worked at low temperatures, because the hydrogen-absorbing material that is added can adsorb hydrogen when low temperature, but when high temperature, the hydrogen that is adsorbed can be released again, and does not also have the low and stable hydrogen-absorbing material of a kind of price so far.Another kind method is to place the solid oxide agent that can be reduced to oxidation of hydrogen water in heat pipe, though this method offsets except that hydrogen effect is preferably arranged, but because it is always limited to be placed into the amount of the oxidant in the heat pipe, oxidant consumption is over, also just lose the effect of dehydrogenation, the time that therefore prolongs the working life of heat pipe in this way is restricted.Also having a kind of method is directly to load onto the palladium element at the condensation end of heat pipe, makes hydrogen be penetrated into the heat pipe outside by the palladium element.This method is owing to need to use relatively large precious metal palladium, and Practical significance is less.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of shortcoming that can avoid above-mentioned prior art, the heat pipe that can eliminate the hydrogen in the heat pipe under various conditions of work long-term effectively is the new construction scheme of steel-hydro-thermal pipe particularly.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, at the shell material is steel or stainless steel, working medium is in the heat pipe of water or the organic matter that contains protium or inorganic matter or their mixture, inside and outside wall in the heat pipe condensation end, at least at part inwall and corresponding with it part outer wall, be that inwall is in conjunction with the saturating hydrogen activated metal of one deck layer in conjunction with one deck saturating hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level respectively, its corresponding outer wall is in conjunction with the short hydrogen desorption metal level of one deck, thus the composite bed that formation is made up of saturating hydrogen activated metal layer, tube wall matrix and short hydrogen desorption metal level.Said hydrogen activated metal layer is one deck has the coat of metal or the sputtering layer of strong chemical adsorption capacity to hydrogen, comprises coating or the sputtering layer of any metal or alloy on heat pipe inwall matrix in vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, palladium-silver alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, palladium-vanadium alloy, iron-titanium alloy, the lanthanum-nickel alloy.Said short hydrogen desorption metal level is one deck has the coat of metal or the sputtering layer of facilitation to the desorption of hydrogen, comprises nickel, palladium, nickel-containing alloys and contains coating or the sputtering layer of any metal or alloy on the heat pipe outer wall matrix in the palldium alloy.
The position of said hydrogen activated metal layer is combined in the inwall of heat pipe condensation end end cap usually, in the outer wall of end cap then in conjunction with short hydrogen desorption metal level, for increasing the area of activated metal layer, can make the shape that concaves to the condensation end end cap, as sphere or other profile.
A kind of variation pattern of such scheme, it is condensation end at the heat pipe hydrogen element that is welded, this saturating hydrogen element is the hollow structure with inside and outside wall, wherein a wall is the inner surface that forms continuous sealing surface with the inwall of heat pipe, the outer surface of another wall for communicating with the outer atmosphere of pipe, in fact the inner surface of saturating hydrogen element is equivalent to the inwall of heat pipe, and outer surface then is equivalent to the outer wall of heat pipe.For example under the end cap of heat pipe condensation end, be welded one and have the straight drum ladle shape of inner chamber or the saturating hydrogen element of spherical shell shape or coil-like or other arbitrary shapes, and open a pore from end cap and communicate with the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element, because this saturating hydrogen element is among the heat pipe, its cavity outer wall is equivalent to the inwall of heat pipe, then become inner surface, its cavity wall communicates with the outer atmosphere of pipe and is equivalent to the outer wall of heat pipe, then becomes outer surface.
Also can be welded saturating hydrogen element outside condensation end, for example on the condensation end end cap, the inner chamber of heat pipe be communicated with the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element, at this moment the internal chamber wall of saturating hydrogen element becomes inner surface, and outer chamber wall becomes outer surface.
The characteristics of above-mentioned hydrogen element are that its inner surface is combined with hydrogen activated metal layer, and outer surface is combined with short hydrogen desorption metal level.
Technical pattern of the present invention makes heat pipe have the function of permeation dehydrogenation, and the hydrogen that produces when working in the heat pipe can be by outside the position or saturating hydrogen element infiltration discharge pipe that have the wordizations metal level in the condensation end.
The present invention is basic following know-why: because the surface of steel or stainless steel has layer oxide film, be unfavorable for absorption, infiltration and the desorption of hydrogen, so under normal conditions, the ability that steel or stainless steel sees through hydrogen is very low.But if carefully remove this layer oxide-film on the surface of steel or stainless steel, hydrogen is sizable from the speed of steel or stainless steel infiltration.Characteristics of the present invention be exactly the opposite heat tube condensation end in, handle at the outer wall position, form a kind of composite, both removed the oxide-film on steel or stainless steel surface, form strong saturating hydrogen activated metal coating or the sputtering layer of one deck absorption hydrogen ability simultaneously at the inwall position, form the short hydrogen desorption coat of metal or the sputtering layer that one deck helps hydrogen desorption in respective external wall, the hydrogen that generates in the heat pipe is when condensation end is assembled like this, the surface of hydrogen activated metal layer will be adsorbed to, resolve into atom, be dissolved in the solid walls and under the effect of concentration gradient and be diffused into outside wall surface, and the short hydrogen desorption metal level of outside wall surface is actually the catalytic surface of sloughing hydrogen, can make hydrogen atom successfully compound, thereby reach the purpose that the hydrogen in the heat pipe is discharged for hydrogen molecule leaves its surface.
Heat pipe also is based on above-mentioned principle to hydrogen discharge pipe outward by saturating hydrogen element.
In order to promote oozing out of hydrogen in the heat pipe, can near having the position of activated metal layer or saturating hydrogen element, the heat pipe condensation end install a heater to improve the temperature of this place's wall by wall.
The present invention has good saturating hydrogen effect, saturating Hydrogen Energy power is also further strengthened under the hot operation condition, this can guarantee that heat pipe works steadily in the long term, before being corroded breakage, heat pipe keeps the good heat transfer performance, thereby prolong the useful life of heat pipe greatly, the present invention is simple, and its cost is also cheap relatively because the activated metal layer is thin, has good application and popularization value.
Below be drawing explanation of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of plain edition permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipe;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of condensation end end cap concave shape permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipe;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipework condensation section of the saturating hydrogen element of interior dress straight tube shape;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipework condensation section of the saturating hydrogen element of interior dress spherical shell shape;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipework condensation section of the tubular hydrogen element of interior sabot;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipework condensation section of the saturating hydrogen element of outer dress straight tube shape.
More than each figure be schematic diagram.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in detail the embodiments of the invention CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION is described in detail:
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is medium-sized permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipe, as shown in Figure 1.This heat pipe has steel shell 1, the working medium 2 of sealing is a water in the pipe, the lower end of heat pipe is by end cap 3 and 4 sealings of bottom pin, the upper end of heat pipe is the end cap 5 with the affixed short tubular of shell 1, the inwall of end cap 5 is coated with the saturating hydrogen activation of palladium-vanadium alloy (Pd-V) coating, outer wall is coated with the short hydrogen desorption coating of palladium-phosphorus alloy (Pd-P), this heat pipe structure can worked below 350 ℃, at this moment short tubular end cap 5 has the ability of great permeated hydrogen, can guarantee that the hydrogen that accumulates in condensation end successfully permeates away.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is a kind of modified version to permeation dehydrogenation steel-hydro-thermal pipe of embodiment one, as shown in Figure 2.Its shell, working medium etc. are basic identical with embodiment one, the main distinction is that the upper end of heat pipe has an end cap 6 that advances to the heat pipe indent, the stock and the shell of this end cap are all mild steel, inwall at end cap has the saturating hydrogen activated metal sputtering layer of one deck tantalum-nickel alloy (Ta-Ni), and outer wall then has one deck palladium-nickel (Pd-Ni) alloy to urge hydrogen desorption metal sputtering layer.This heat pipe is suitable for 150-200 ℃ of temperature range work.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment (only illustrates the condensation end structure) as shown in Figure 3, and its shell 1 and working medium and embodiment one are basic identical.Weld the saturating hydrogen element 8 of straight tube shape (quality carbon steel matrix) for 7 times at the end cap of its condensation end, the lower end sealing of the saturating hydrogen element of straight tube shape, other end opening, and with end cap 7 welding, end cap 7 has the inner chamber of a centre bore 9 and the saturating hydrogen element of straight tube shape to communicate, the saturating hydrogen activated metal coating of inner surface (being the outer tube wall of the straight tube) plating palladium-nickel alloy (Pd-Ni) of saturating hydrogen element 8, the outer surface (being the inwall chamber of straight tube) of saturating hydrogen element 8 are coated with the short hydrogen desorption coat of metal of nickel-phosphorus alloy (Ni-P).The heat pipe of this structure can work in 200-250 ℃ temperature range.
Embodiment four
Present embodiment (only illustrates the structure of condensation end) as shown in Figure 4, its shell 1 and working medium and embodiment three are basic identical, saturating hydrogen element 10 of spherical shell shape of 7 times welding of end cap at condensation end, the material of this spherical shell is an iron-nickel alloy, the splash-proofing sputtering metal layer that one deck palladium is arranged in its spherical shell outer wall sputter, the saturating hydrogen element 10 of spherical shell is welded in below the condensation end end cap by a short tube 11, and the inner chamber of spherical shell is communicated with heat pipe atmosphere outward.(material of this ventilative hydrogen element because be Fe-Ni alloys, thereby had the effect of short hydrogen desorption).This spherical shell shape structure has strong mechanical strength, and the surface area with bigger permeated hydrogen is fit to about 250 ℃ operating temperature range.
Embodiment five
Present embodiment as shown in Figure 5, (structure of its condensation end only is shown), its shell 1 is identical with embodiment three with working medium, saturating hydrogen element 12 at a coil arrangement of 7 times welding of its condensation end end cap, coil pipe adopts dilval (Ni-Fe) to make, and by fairlead 13 inner chamber of its coil pipe and the outer atmosphere of heat pipe is communicated, and the outer tube wall of coil pipe 12 is coated with palladium-silver alloy (Pd-Ag) coating, the surface area of the permeated hydrogen of this ventilative hydrogen element is big, is applicable to 250-300 ℃ operating temperature range.
Embodiment six
Present embodiment (only illustrates the structure of its condensation end) as shown in Figure 6, its shell 1 is identical with embodiment three with working medium, the saturating hydrogen element 14 of welding one straight tube on the end cap 7 of its condensation end, the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element communicates by the inner chamber of through hole on the end cap 7 and heat pipe, the internal chamber wall of the saturating hydrogen element 14 of straight tube-like is coated with palladium-zircaloy (Pd-Zr) coating, outer wall is coated with nickel-phosphorus alloy (Ni-P) coating, outside at saturating hydrogen element 14 is with a heating jacket 15, there is a heat insulation layer 16 outside of heating jacket, the heat pipe of this structure can be worked at a lower temperature (100-120 ℃), can quicken oozing out of hydrogen by the temperature of the saturating hydrogen element of heating jacket 15 heating the raising.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of shell material is a steel or stainless steel, working medium is to contain the organic matter of protium or the heat pipe of inorganic matter or their mixture, particularly working medium is the steel-hydro-thermal pipe of water, the condensation end that it is characterized in that heat pipe has the saturating hydrogen activated metal of one deck layer at the part inwall at least, all corresponding outer tube wall of this activated metal layer have one deck to urge the hydrogen desorption metal level, said hydrogen activated metal layer is by following metal group: vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, palladium-vanadium alloy, palladium-silver alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, coating or the sputtering layer of a kind of metal or alloy of selecting in iron-titanium alloy and the lanthanum-nickel alloy on the inwall matrix, said short hydrogen desorption metal level is by following metal group: nickel, palladium, nickel-containing alloys and contain coating or the sputtering layer of a kind of metal or alloy on the outer tube wall matrix of selecting in the palldium alloy.
2, by the described heat pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that said hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level are combined in the inside and outside wall of heat pipe condensation end respectively.
3, by the described heat pipe of claim 2, it is characterized in that the end cap of said heat pipe condensation end has the wall of indent, saturating hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level are combined in the inside and outside wall of this heat pipe condensation end end cap respectively.
4,, it is characterized in that near position, being equiped with a heater outside the heat pipe with hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level by claim 1,2 or 3 described heat pipes.
5, the described heat pipe of the aforementioned part of a kind of claim 1, the condensation end that the it is characterized in that heat pipe hydrogen element that has been welded, this saturating hydrogen element is the hollow structure with inside and outside wall, wherein a wall is the inner surface that forms continuous sealing surface with the heat pipe inwall, the outer surface of another side wall for communicating with the outer atmosphere of heat pipe, the inner surface of saturating hydrogen element has the described hydrogen activated metal of one deck claim 1 layer, and outer surface has the described short hydrogen desorption metal level of one deck claim 1.
6, by the described heat pipe of claim 5, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is welded under heat pipe condensation end end cap, whole hydrogen element is among the heat pipe condensation end, end cap has the inner chamber of the saturating hydrogen element of pore and this to communicate, make its inner chamber wall become the outer surface that communicates with the outer atmosphere of heat pipe, the outside wall surface of saturating hydrogen element then becomes said hydrogen component inner surface.
7, by the described heat pipe of claim 5, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is welded on heat pipe condensation end end cap, the short through hole that is communicated with heat pipe inner chamber and saturating hydrogen element inner chamber that covers, make hydrogen element inner chamber wall become said hydrogen component inner surface, the outside wall surface of saturating hydrogen element then becomes the outer surface of said hydrogen element.
8, by the described heat pipe of claim 6, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is the cylindrical vessel shape.
9, by the described heat pipe of claim 6, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is coil-like.
10, by the described heat pipe of claim 6, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is a spherical shell shape.
11, by the described heat pipe of claim 7, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is the straight tube-like of upper end closed.
12,, it is characterized in that being equiped with a heater near the saturating hydrogen element position of heat pipe by claim 5,6,7,8,9,10 or 11 described heat pipes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1144324A true CN1144324A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
| CN1060859C CN1060859C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 Expired - Fee Related CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1060859C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852565A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-10-06 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Hydrogen removal long-acting heat pipe made of hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN102654370A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-05 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Aluminium heat tube and solar heat-collecting tube |
| CN102692085A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-26 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
| CN111322891A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-23 | 张于光 | Uniform temperature plate radiator |
| WO2022027740A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | 昆山联德电子科技有限公司 | Thin vapor chamber |
-
1994
- 1994-09-25 CN CN 94116382 patent/CN1060859C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852565A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-10-06 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Hydrogen removal long-acting heat pipe made of hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN101852565B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Hydrogen removal long-acting heat pipe made of hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN102654370A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-05 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Aluminium heat tube and solar heat-collecting tube |
| CN102692085A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-26 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
| CN111322891A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-23 | 张于光 | Uniform temperature plate radiator |
| WO2021168914A1 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-09-02 | 张于光 | Temperature equalization plate radiator |
| WO2022027740A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | 昆山联德电子科技有限公司 | Thin vapor chamber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1060859C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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