CN1060859C - Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe - Google Patents
Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060859C CN1060859C CN 94116382 CN94116382A CN1060859C CN 1060859 C CN1060859 C CN 1060859C CN 94116382 CN94116382 CN 94116382 CN 94116382 A CN94116382 A CN 94116382A CN 1060859 C CN1060859 C CN 1060859C
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- heat pipe
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a permeation and hydrogen removing heat pipe used as a heat exchanging device, particularly to a steel and water heat pipe. The material of a pipe shell is steel or stainless steel. A work medium is water or a work medium containing hydrogen elements. The permeation and hydrogen removing heat pipe is characterized in that at least partial inner wall and outer wall on a condensing end are respectively combined with a hydrogen permeating activation metal layer and a hydrogen promotion desorbing metal layer to form a composite layer or a hydrogen permeating element is welded on the condensing end. The hydrogen permeating element is also provided with a composite layer composed of a basal body, a hydrogen permeating activation metal layer and a hydrogen promotion desorbing metal layer. The hydrogen gas generated by the heat pipe in use can permeate by the composite layer of the inner wall of the condensing end or the composite layer of the hydrogen permeating element to be discharged from the heat pipe so as to prevent the heat pipe from being ineffective by the accumulation of the hydrogen gas.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of architecture advances that is used as the heat pipe of heat exchange.
With steel or stainless steel as the shell material, with the material that contains protium is the heat pipe of working medium, the steel one hydro-thermal pipe that particularly with water is working medium (comprises gravity type, the band wick type, centrifugal, various water steel heat pipes such as electrodynamometer type), be widely used in industrial heat-exchange apparatus, but these heat pipes are in its operating temperature range, have the problem of shell and working medium reaction releasing hydrogen gas, the hydrogen of generation can accumulate in heat pipe, hinders the phase-change heat transfer of working medium in the heat pipe, adopting heat pipes for heat transfer efficient is reduced gradually, finally cause heat pipe failure.
Developed at present and multiplely eliminated hydrogen in the heat pipe to prolong the heat pipe method of life, a kind of is that adding can absorb the material of hydrogen with the absorption hydrogen that heat pipe was produced in heat pipe, this heat pipe can only be worked at low temperatures, because the hydrogen-absorbing material that is added can adsorb hydrogen when low temperature, but when high temperature, the hydrogen that is adsorbed can be released again, and does not also have the low and stable hydrogen-absorbing material of a kind of price so far.Another kind method is to place the solid oxide agent that can be reduced to oxidation of hydrogen water in heat pipe, though this method offsets except that hydrogen effect is preferably arranged, but because it is always limited to be placed into the amount of the oxidant in the heat pipe, oxidant consumption is over, also just lose the effect of dehydrogenation, the time that therefore prolongs the working life of heat pipe in this way is restricted.Also having a kind of method is directly to load onto the palladium element at the condensation end of heat pipe, makes hydrogen be penetrated into the heat pipe outside by the palladium element.This method is owing to need to use relatively large precious metal palladium, and Practical significance is less.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of shortcoming that can avoid above-mentioned prior art, the heat pipe that can eliminate the hydrogen in the heat pipe under various conditions of work long-term effectively is the new construction scheme of steel one hydro-thermal pipe particularly.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, at the shell material is steel, working medium is to contain in the heat pipe of protium liquid, particularly working medium is in the water steel heat pipe of water, inside and outside wall in the heat pipe condensation end, at least at part inwall and corresponding with it part outer wall, respectively in conjunction with one deck saturating hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level, be that inwall is in conjunction with the saturating hydrogen activated metal of one deck layer, its corresponding outer wall is in conjunction with the short hydrogen desorption metal level of one deck, thus the composite bed that formation is made up of saturating hydrogen activated metal layer, tube wall matrix and short hydrogen desorption metal level.Said hydrogen activated metal layer is one deck has the coat of metal or the sputtering layer of strong chemical adsorption capacity to hydrogen, comprises any metal and coating or the sputtering layer of alloy on heat pipe inwall matrix in vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, palladium-silver alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, palladium-vanadium alloy, iron-titanium alloy, tantalum-nickel alloy, palladium-zircaloy and the lanthanum-nickel alloy.Said short hydrogen desorption metal level is one deck has the coat of metal or the sputtering layer of facilitation to the desorption of hydrogen, comprises nickel, palladium, nickel-containing alloys and contains coating or the sputtering layer of any metal or alloy on the heat pipe outer wall matrix in the palldium alloy.
The shell material of said heat pipe can be stainless steel; The said protium liquid working substance that contains comprises organic matter or inorganic matter or their mixture.
The position of said hydrogen activated metal layer is combined in the inwall of heat pipe condensation end end cap usually, in the outer wall of end cap then in conjunction with short hydrogen desorption metal level, for increasing the area of activated metal layer, can make the shape that concaves to the condensation end end cap, as sphere or other profile.
A kind of variation pattern of such scheme, it is condensation end at the heat pipe hydrogen element that is welded, this saturating hydrogen element is the hollow structure with inside and outside wall, one of them wall is the inner surface that forms continuous sealing surface with the inwall of heat pipe, the outer surface of another wall for communicating with the outer atmosphere of pipe, in fact the inner surface of saturating hydrogen element is equivalent to the inwall of heat pipe, and outer surface then is equivalent to the outer wall of heat pipe.For example under the end cap of heat pipe condensation end, be welded one and have the straight drum ladle shape of inner chamber or the saturating hydrogen element of spherical shell shape or coil-like or other arbitrary shapes, and open a pore from end cap and communicate with the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element, because this saturating hydrogen element is among the heat pipe, its cavity outer wall is equivalent to the inwall of heat pipe, then become inner surface, its cavity wall communicates with the outer atmosphere of pipe and is equivalent to the outer wall of heat pipe, then becomes outer surface.
Also can be welded saturating hydrogen element outside condensation end, for example on the condensation end end cap, the inner chamber of heat pipe be communicated with the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element, at this moment the internal chamber wall of saturating hydrogen element becomes inner surface, and outer chamber wall becomes outer surface.
The characteristics of above-mentioned hydrogen element are that its inner surface is combined with saturating hydrogen activated metal layer as previously described, and outer surface is combined with short hydrogen desorption metal level as previously described.
Technical pattern of the present invention makes heat pipe have the function of permeation dehydrogenation, and the hydrogen that produces when working in the heat pipe can be by outside the position or saturating hydrogen element infiltration discharge pipe that have the activated metal layer in the condensation end.
The present invention is based on following know-why: because the surface of steel has layer oxide film, be unfavorable for absorption, infiltration and the desorption of hydrogen, so under normal conditions, the ability that steel sees through hydrogen is very low.But if carefully remove this layer oxide-film on the surface of steel, hydrogen is sizable from the speed of steel infiltration.Characteristics of the present invention be exactly the opposite heat tube condensation end in, handle at the outer wall position, form a kind of composite, both removed the oxide-film on steel surface, form strong saturating hydrogen activated metal coating or the sputtering layer of one deck absorption hydrogen ability simultaneously at the inwall position, form the short hydrogen desorption coat of metal or the sputtering layer that one deck helps hydrogen desorption in respective external wall, the hydrogen that generates in the heat pipe is when condensation end is assembled like this, the surface of hydrogen activated metal layer will be adsorbed to, resolve into atom, be dissolved in the solid walls and under the effect of concentration gradient and be diffused into outside wall surface, and the short hydrogen desorption metal level of outside wall surface is actually the catalytic surface of sloughing hydrogen, can make hydrogen atom successfully compound, thereby reach the purpose that the hydrogen in the heat pipe is discharged for hydrogen molecule leaves its surface.
Heat pipe also is based on above-mentioned principle to hydrogen discharge pipe outward by saturating hydrogen element.
In order to promote oozing out of hydrogen in the heat pipe, can near having the position of activated metal layer or saturating hydrogen element, the heat pipe condensation end install a heater to improve the temperature of this place's wall by wall.
The present invention has good saturating hydrogen effect, saturating Hydrogen Energy power is also further strengthened under the hot operation condition, this can guarantee that heat pipe works steadily in the long term, before being corroded breakage, heat pipe keeps the good heat transfer performance, thereby prolong the useful life of heat pipe greatly, the present invention is simple, and its cost is also cheap relatively because the activated metal layer is thin, has good application and popularization value.
Below be drawing explanation of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of plain edition permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of condensation end end cap concave shape permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe condensation segment of the saturating hydrogen element of interior dress straight tube shape;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe condensation segment of the saturating hydrogen element of interior dress spherical shell shape;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of the permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe condensation segment of the tubular hydrogen element of interior sabot;
Fig. 6 analyses and observe for the permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe condensation segment of the saturating hydrogen element of outer dress straight tube shape; Figure.
More than each figure be schematic diagram.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in detail the embodiments of the invention CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION is described in detail:
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is medium-sized permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe, as shown in Figure 1.This heat pipe has steel shell 1, the working medium 2 of sealing is a water in the pipe, the lower end of heat pipe is by end cap 3 and 4 sealings of bottom pin, the upper end of heat pipe is the end cap 5 with the affixed short tubular of shell 1, the inwall of end cap 5 is coated with the saturating hydrogen activation of palladium-vanadium alloy (Pd-V) coating, outer wall is coated with the short hydrogen desorption coating of palladium-phosphorus alloy (Pd-P), this heat pipe structure can worked below 350 ℃, at this moment short tubular end cap 5 has the ability of great permeated hydrogen, can guarantee that the hydrogen that accumulates in condensation end successfully permeates away.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is a kind of modified version to the permeation dehydrogenation water steel heat pipe of embodiment one, as shown in Figure 2.Its shell, working medium etc. are basic identical with embodiment one, the main distinction is that the upper end of heat pipe has an end cap 6 that advances to the heat pipe indent, the stock and the shell of this end cap are all mild steel, inwall at end cap has the saturating hydrogen activated metal sputtering layer of one deck tantalum-nickel alloy (Ta-Ni), and outer wall then has one deck palladium-nickel (Pd-Ni) alloy to urge hydrogen desorption metal sputtering layer.This heat pipe is suitable for 150-200 ℃ of temperature range work.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment (only illustrates the condensation end structure) as shown in Figure 3, and its shell 1 and working medium and embodiment one are basic identical.Weld the saturating hydrogen element 8 of straight tube shape (quality carbon steel matrix) for 7 times at the end cap of its condensation end, the lower end sealing of the saturating hydrogen element of straight tube shape, other end opening, and with end cap 7 welding, end cap 7 has the inner chamber of a centre bore 9 and the saturating hydrogen element of straight tube shape to communicate, the saturating hydrogen activated metal coating of inner surface (being the outer tube wall of the straight tube) plating palladium-nickel alloy (Pd-Ni) of saturating hydrogen element 8, the outer surface (being the inwall chamber of straight tube) of saturating hydrogen element 8 are coated with the short hydrogen desorption coat of metal of nickel one phosphorus alloy (Ni-P).The heat pipe of this structure can work in 200-250 ℃ temperature range.
Embodiment four
Present embodiment (only illustrates the structure of condensation end) as shown in Figure 4, its shell 1 and working medium and embodiment three are basic identical, saturating hydrogen element 10 of spherical shell shape of 7 times welding of end cap at condensation end, the material of this spherical shell is an iron-nickel alloy, the splash-proofing sputtering metal layer that one deck palladium is arranged in its spherical shell outer wall sputter, the saturating hydrogen element 10 of spherical shell is welded in below the condensation end end cap by a short tube 11, and the inner chamber of spherical shell is communicated with heat pipe atmosphere outward.(material of this ventilative hydrogen element because be Fe-Ni alloy, thereby had the effect of short hydrogen desorption).This spherical shell shape structure has strong mechanical strength, and the surface area with bigger permeated hydrogen is fit to about 250 ℃ operating temperature range.
Embodiment five
Present embodiment as shown in Figure 5, (structure of its condensation end only is shown), its shell 1 is identical with embodiment three with working medium, saturating hydrogen element 12 at a coil arrangement of 7 times welding of its condensation end end cap, coil pipe adopts dilval (Ni-Fe) to make, and by fairlead 13 inner chamber of its coil pipe and the outer atmosphere of heat pipe is communicated, and the outer tube wall of coil pipe 12 is coated with palladium-silver alloy (Pd-Ag) coating, the surface area of the permeated hydrogen of this ventilative hydrogen element is big, is applicable to 250-300 ℃ operating temperature range.
Embodiment six
Present embodiment (only illustrates the structure of its condensation end) as shown in Figure 6, its shell 1 is identical with embodiment three with working medium, the saturating hydrogen element 14 of welding one straight tube on the end cap 7 of its condensation end, the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element communicates by the inner chamber of through hole on the end cap 7 and heat pipe, the internal chamber wall of the saturating hydrogen element 14 of straight tube-like is coated with palladium-zircaloy (Pd-Zr) coating, outer wall is coated with nickel-phosphor alloy (Ni-P) coating, outside at saturating hydrogen element 14 is with a heating jacket 15, there is a heat insulation layer 16 outside of heating jacket, the heat pipe of this structure can be worked at a lower temperature (100-120 ℃), can quicken oozing out of hydrogen by the temperature of the saturating hydrogen element of heating jacket 15 heating the raising.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of shell material is a steel, working medium is the heat pipe that contains protium liquid, particularly working medium is the water steel heat pipe of water, the condensation end that it is characterized in that heat pipe has the saturating hydrogen activated metal of one deck layer at the part inwall at least, all corresponding outer tube wall of this activated metal layer have one deck to urge the hydrogen desorption metal level, said hydrogen activated metal layer is following metal and alloy: vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, palladium-vanadium alloy, palladium-silver alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, palladium-titanium alloy, tantalum-nickel alloy, a kind of coating or sputtering layer on the inwall matrix in palladium-zircaloy and the lanthanum-nickel alloy, said short hydrogen desorption metal level is following metal and alloy: nickel, palladium, nickel-containing alloys and a kind of coating or the sputtering layer on the outer tube wall matrix that contains in the palldium alloy.
2, by the described heat pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that said hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level are combined in the inside and outside wall of heat pipe condensation end respectively.
3, by the described heat pipe of claim 2, it is characterized in that the end cap of said heat pipe condensation end has the wall of indent, saturating hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level are combined in the inside and outside wall of this heat pipe condensation end end cap respectively.
4,, it is characterized in that near position, being equiped with a heater outside the heat pipe with hydrogen activated metal layer and short hydrogen desorption metal level by claim 1,2 or 3 described heat pipes.
5, by the described heat pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat pipe package material is a stainless steel.
6, a kind of shell material is a steel, working medium is the heat pipe that contains protium liquid, particularly working medium is the water steel heat pipe of water, the condensation end that the it is characterized in that heat pipe hydrogen element that has been welded, this saturating hydrogen element is the hollow structure with inside and outside wall, one of them wall is the inner surface that forms continuous sealing surface with the heat pipe inwall, the outer surface of another wall for communicating with the outer atmosphere of heat pipe, the inner surface of saturating hydrogen element has the saturating hydrogen activated metal of one deck layer, outer surface has one deck to urge the hydrogen desorption metal level, said hydrogen activated metal layer is following metal and alloy: vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, palladium-vanadium alloy, palladium-silver alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, palladium-titanium alloy, tantalum-nickel alloy, a kind of coating or sputtering layer on the inwall matrix in palladium-zircaloy and the lanthanum-nickel alloy, said short hydrogen desorption metal level is following metal and alloy: nickel, palladium, nickel-containing alloys and a kind of coating or the sputtering layer on the outer wall matrix that contains in the palldium alloy.
7, by the described heat pipe of claim 6, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is welded under heat pipe condensation end end cap, whole hydrogen element is among the heat pipe condensation end, end cap has pore to communicate with the inner chamber of saturating hydrogen element, make its inner chamber wall become the outer surface that communicates with the outer atmosphere of heat pipe, the outside wall surface of saturating hydrogen element then becomes said hydrogen element internal face.
8, by the described heat pipe of claim 6, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is welded on heat pipe condensation end end cap, the through hole that is communicated with heat pipe inner chamber and saturating hydrogen element inner chamber is arranged on the end cap, make hydrogen element inner chamber wall become said hydrogen component inner surface, the outside wall surface of saturating hydrogen element then becomes the outer surface of said hydrogen element.
9,, it is characterized in that being equiped with a heater near the saturating hydrogen element position of heat pipe by the described heat pipe of claim 6.
10, by claim 6,7 or 8 described heat pipes, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is the cylindrical vessel shape.
11, by claim 6,7 or 8 described heat pipes, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is coil-like.
12, by claim 6,7 or 8 described heat pipes, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is a spherical shell shape.
13, by claim 6,7 or 8 described heat pipes, it is characterized in that said hydrogen element is the straight tube-like of upper end closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1144324A CN1144324A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
| CN1060859C true CN1060859C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94116382 Expired - Fee Related CN1060859C (en) | 1994-09-25 | 1994-09-25 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1060859C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852565B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Hydrogen removal long-acting heat pipe made of hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN102692085A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-26 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
| CN102654370A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-05 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Aluminium heat tube and solar heat-collecting tube |
| CN111322891A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-23 | 张于光 | Uniform temperature plate radiator |
| CN212931119U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-04-09 | 昆山联德电子科技有限公司 | Thin type temperature equalizing plate |
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1994
- 1994-09-25 CN CN 94116382 patent/CN1060859C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1144324A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
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