CN102680181A - Method and device for testing vehicle body airtightness and fatigue of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Method and device for testing vehicle body airtightness and fatigue of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102680181A CN102680181A CN2011100606111A CN201110060611A CN102680181A CN 102680181 A CN102680181 A CN 102680181A CN 2011100606111 A CN2011100606111 A CN 2011100606111A CN 201110060611 A CN201110060611 A CN 201110060611A CN 102680181 A CN102680181 A CN 102680181A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for testing vehicle body airtightness and fatigue of a railway vehicle. The method comprises the following steps that a test vehicle is put in a test box, carriages are sealed and then inflated, air-tight test is performed on the vehicle body; and the test box is sealed, changes of pressure inside and outside the vehicle during actual running are simulated, the wave form of pressure required to loaded is preset, the carriages and the test box are subjected to periodic fatigue loading, the strain capacity of the tested part of the vehicle body is tested and recorded, test data is transmitted to a test system, the test system analyzes the test data, and the airtightness and fatigue test for the vehicle is finished. By the method and the device, different pressures and frequencies can be set, and the vehicle body airtightness and fatigue test is completed by a set of system; the device is simple in structure and can be simply operated, and the test precision is high; and precise data basis can be provided for researches such as vehicle welding structures, vehicle materials and influences of weld joints on the airtightness and fatigue strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method and device that a kind of whole locomotive body to rail vehicle is carried out impermeability and torture test, belong to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
The speed per hour of present domestic rail vehicle has reached per hour more than 380 kilometers; The velocity stage EMUs are at operation and train crossing more than 380 kilometers; When particularly crossing in tunnel and the tunnel intersection; The aerodynamic loading that car body bore is serious all the more, and the intensity and the life-span of car body are all had higher requirement.
Simultaneously; Follow the high-speed cruising of rail vehicle; To go out also increasingly high to train bubble-tight; Car body impermeability quality is directly connected to the quality of passenger's comfort level, has the generation that good bubble-tight car body can effectively reduce passenger's tinnitus phenomenon, so the air-tightness of vehicle becomes one of important indicator of weighing vehicle performance.
In the rail vehicle production run in the past; Because the restriction of technical conditions; Generally car load is not carried out air-tight test and torture test; But this can not satisfy the quality requirements of the high-speed track vehicle that develops rapidly now, so a kind of test method that can detect the whole tightness torture test must be arranged.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to address the above problem, provide a kind of detection accurately, precision is high, operation simple and feasible, and can provide and detect the car body airtight fatigue test method of data for the rail vehicle of analysis and research accurately.
Another fundamental purpose of the present invention is, a kind of airtight fatigue experimental device of car body of realizing the rail vehicle of the airtight fatigue test method of above-mentioned car load is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the airtight fatigue test method of the car body of described rail vehicle will be tested the compartment and place in the test casing, after the sealing of said compartment, in the compartment, inflate, and carry out the air-tight test of car body; Again with said test box sealing, in the analog orbit vehicle actual moving process in the car with the variation of car external pressure, the waveform of pre-set required on-load pressure; Said compartment and the fatigue of testing the cycle of carrying out in the casing are loaded; When loading, detect and write down the dependent variable at the tested position of car body, and will detect data transmission to test macro; Test macro is analyzed test data, accomplishes the airtight torture test of car body.
In carrying out car body air-tight test process; When the pressure of said air in a car compartment reaches predetermined value, stop inflation, the state that is allowed to condition at nature leaks down; Drop to the setting needed time of numerical value through detecting the compartment internal pressure, judge whether the impermeability of car body meets the designing requirement of vehicle.
Every loading 10,000 times stops to load, and the test car body is carried out crack detection, then continues load test like flawless, if any crackle, i.e. and termination test.
When sudden change occurring like the strain data of said car body and unit under test, i.e. termination test.
Realize the device of the airtight fatigue test method of car body of above-mentioned rail vehicle, comprise the test compartment of a sealing; A test casing, said compartment are placed in the said test casing; Air generation plants is used for on-load pressure in said compartment and test casing; Control system is used to control the waveform of above-mentioned on-load pressure; Test macro is used to detect, write down, analyze the dependent variable and the car body distortion at the tested position of said car body.
Said air generation plants comprises: in said compartment the interior loading equipemtn of on-load pressure and in said test casing the outer loading equipment of on-load pressure; Loading equipemtn is communicated with said compartment and test casing through air pipe line respectively with outer loading equipment in said; On each air pipe line, flow control valve is set, each said flow control valve is connected with said control system through connecting line.
Loading equipemtn is made up of vacuum pump, air compressor and gas-holder with outer loading equipment in said, perhaps is fan blower.
Said control system comprises that several are arranged on said compartment and the interior pressure transducer of test casing, and said pressure transducer is connected with controlling computer through signal wire.
Said test macro comprises the data collector of the tested position of several car bodies dependent variable; Said data collector is connected with the reception converter that is used for dependent variable is converted into electric signal through data line, and said reception converter is connected with computer through data line.Described data collector is the foil gauge that is attached at the tested position of car body.
Content to sum up, airtight fatigue test method of the car body of rail vehicle of the present invention and device, can the analog orbit vehicle in actual moving process in the car with the outer pressure variation of car; Test compartment and test casing are loaded; Realize the setting of different pressures and frequency, and utilize a cover system to accomplish car body impermeability and car body torture test, simple in structure; The operation simple and feasible, and accuracy of detection is high.The manufacturing firm of rail vehicle is through this test method and device; Can launch the airtight Research on Fatigue Strength of car load car body welded structure; Car body materials, weld seam are to the research of airtight INFLUENCE ON FATIGUE STRENGTH; The bubble-tight research of car body, and the research of the interior comfort of passenger of high-speed cruising train or the like.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 inner structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
To shown in Figure 3, casing 2 is tested, interior loading equipemtn 3, outer loading equipment 4, air pipe line 5, flow control valve 6, fan blower 7, pressure transducer 8, track 9, controlling computer 10, filling material 11 in compartment 1 like Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle of the present invention comprises 1, one the test casing 2 in a compartment to be tested, air generation plants, control system, and test macro.
Wherein, test casing 2 is used to hold compartment 1, and its two ends have the door of railway carriage or compartment 1 turnover of buying car in installments, and tests and is provided with the track 9 that move in the railway carriage or compartment 1 that is used to buy car in installments in the casing 2.Because mainly being the pressure in the simulating vehicle actual moving process, this device changes; Particularly the pressure of simulating vehicle when crossing tunnel or two car intersections changes, and carries out the airtight torture test of car body, so the shape that the shape of test casing 2 can simulation tunnel; Its section or be square; Or be circular, as shown in Figure 2, what present embodiment adopted is circular design.The size of test casing 2 is made with the maximum rail vehicle body body of volume, but when the less rail vehicle of volume is made an experiment, can in test casing 2, fill some filling materials 11, dwindling the space of testing casing 2, and warranty test data accurate.Compartment 1 need carry out strict sealing to compartment 1 when making an experiment, except will closing vehicle window and passenger doors, also will the end door at 1 two ends, compartment be sealed.The sealing of compartment 1 end door can be adopted the hermatic door (not shown); Hermatic door is a frock door, and it is fixed on the doorframe of compartment end door, and seals with sealing strip between the doorframe; And use frock fixing with being connected between hermatic door and the doorframe, guarantees that two ends locate can not leak gas.
When making an experiment, need in compartment 1 with in the test casing 2, inflate with on-load pressure, air generation plants is used in compartment 1 and tests inflation in the casing 2.Air generation plants comprises two covering devices, and a cover is the interior loading equipemtn 3 of on-load pressure in compartment 1, and another set of is the outer loading equipment 4 of on-load pressure in test casing 2; Interior loading equipemtn 3 mainly provides a kind of source of the gas stable, adjustable pressure with outer loading equipment 4, is communicated with compartment 1 and test casing 2 through air pipe line 5 respectively, wherein; Interior loading equipemtn 3 is communicated with compartment 1 through air pipe line 5a and 5b respectively; Wherein air pipe line 5a is a loading line, and air pipe line 5b is an exhaust pipe, and outer loading equipment 4 is communicated with test casing 2 through air pipe line 5c and 5d respectively; Wherein air pipe line 5c is a loading line; Air pipe line 5d is an exhaust pipe, on air pipe line 5a and 5b and 5c and 5d, flow control valve 6 is set all, and each flow control valve 6 is connected with control system through connecting line.Interior loading equipemtn 3 is made up of vacuum pump, air compressor and gas-holder (not shown) with outer loading equipment 4, also can only adopt fan blower 7.
Control system is used to control the waveform of above-mentioned on-load pressure, and is as shown in Figure 3, and control system comprises that several are arranged on the pressure transducer 8 in compartment 1 and the test casing 2, and pressure transducer 8 is connected with controlling computer 10 in the control system through signal wire.Air generation plants is given compartment 1 and the 2 interior inflations of test casing; When pressure reached certain numerical value, pressure transducer 8 just fed back to controlling computer 10 with detected signal through signal wire, during the simulating vehicle actual motion in the car with the variation of car external pressure; The waveform of pre-set required on-load pressure in controlling computer; Waveform generally can be sinusoidal wave or triangular wave, and controlling computer 10 is calculated the pressure signal that receives, after completion is calculated; Compare with the waveform of pre-set required on-load pressure; Again signal is transferred to each flow control valve 6, through the flow and the switch of real-time adjustment flow control valve 6, to accomplish the needed loading waveform of test.
Test macro is used to detect, write down, analyze the dependent variable and the car body distortion at the tested position of said car body; It comprises the data collector of the tested position of several car bodies dependent variable; Data collector can adopt the foil gauge that is attached at the tested position of car body, and foil gauge is connected with the reception converter through data line, and the reception converter is converted into electric signal with the dependent variable that receives and outwards transfers to the computer in the test macro; Computer is converted into corresponding dependent variable with these electric signal again; Carry out the dependent variable data computing and the analysis at each tested position of car body again, thereby confirm the distortion situation of car body, accomplish whole airtight torture test.
Method step in the face of the airtight torture test of car body of the present invention describes in further detail down:
1) at first compartment 1 is pulled in the test casing 2; Several pressure transducers 8 are installed in the position that car body need detect with foil gauge; And pressure transducer 8 is connected on the controlling computer in the control system through signal wire; Foil gauge is connected on the reception converter in the test macro through data line, receives converter and be connected with computer in the test macro through data line again, and the data of each equipment are returned to zero.
2) vehicle window and the passenger doors in compartment 1 are closed, with the end door sealing of hermatic door with 1 two ends, compartment, thereby with 1 sealing of whole compartment.
3) begin to carry out air-tight test, loading equipemtn 3 in opening is inflated in compartment 1 through air pipe line 5a.
4) pressure of air can rise gradually in the compartment 1, at this moment, just can detect the air pressure in the compartment 1 through pressure transducer 8, and be transferred to controlling computer 10, and 10 pairs of pressure datas of controlling computer carry out real time record and demonstration.
4) when the rising of the air pressure in the compartment 1 reaches the top pressure of regulation, be 8000Pa, the flow control valve on the air pipe line 5a 6 cut out, stop inflation in compartment 1 through controlling computer 10 as the top pressure value can be set.
5) let compartment 1 under the state of nature, leak; At this moment, the pressure of air will slowly descend in the compartment 1, when the pressure in the compartment 1 drops to certain value; As can to set this force value be 4000Pa; Timer in the controlling computer 10 picks up counting, and then pressure is when dropping to setting value 1000Pa again, and timing stops.
Air pressure in the compartment 1 drops to the required time of 1000Pa from 4000Pa; If during greater than setting (inner quality standard of the manufacturer of general rail vehicle is 200s); Just can judge that the impermeability of vehicle meets the designing requirement of vehicle; If during, just explain that the impermeability of vehicle can not satisfy the designing requirement of vehicle less than setting 200s.
6) after air-tight test is accomplished, will test casing 2 sealings, loading equipemtn 3 and outer loading equipment 4 in opening; Load with testing to inflate in the casing 2 to compartment 1, make the pressure that car body produces in the tunnel, when pressure reaches certain numerical value; Pressure transducer 8 just feeds back to controlling computer 10 with detected signal through signal wire, and controlling computer 10 is calculated the pressure signal that receives, after completion is calculated; Compare with the waveform of pre-set required on-load pressure; Again signal is transferred to each flow control valve 6, through the flow and the switch of real-time adjustment flow control valve 6, to accomplish the needed loading waveform of test.
7) in the process that loads; The distortion of foil gauge induction car body unit under test; Dependent variable is real-time transmitted to the reception converter; The reception converter is converted into electric signal with dependent variable and transfers in the computer, and the data that computer docking is received are carried out real time record, calculating, analysis, to confirm the distortion situation of car body.
8) in loading procedure, sudden change appears as finding strain data, i.e. termination test, inspection is that foil gauge damages, still crackle appears in tested position.Damage like foil gauge, then change foil gauge; As find crackle, i.e. termination test.
9) every loading is 10,000 times, just shuts down, and stops to load, and car body is carried out crack detection.
As find that crackle, i.e. termination test are arranged on the car body.
As do not find then can continue load test by crackle, the total degree of loading confirms that according to the material of car body, processing technology, geomery etc. as in total test number (TN) of regulation, crackle does not appear in tested car body, then Total Test finishes.
As stated, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the given scheme content of embodiment, can derive the similar techniques scheme.In every case be the content that does not break away from technical scheme of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the airtight fatigue test method of the car body of a rail vehicle is characterized in that: will test compartment (1) and place in the test casing (2), and after said compartment (1) sealing, in compartment (1), inflate, and carry out the air-tight test of car body; Again with said test casing (2) sealing, in the analog orbit vehicle actual moving process in the car with the variation of car external pressure, the waveform of pre-set required on-load pressure; Load carrying out the fatigue in cycle in said compartment (1) and the test casing (2); When loading, detect and write down the dependent variable at the tested position of car body, and will detect data transmission to test macro; Test macro is analyzed test data, accomplishes the airtight torture test of car body.
2. rail vehicle whole tightness test method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in carrying out car body air-tight test process; When the pressure of air in said compartment (1) reaches predetermined value, stop inflation, the state that is allowed to condition at nature leaks down; Drop to the setting needed time of numerical value through detecting compartment (1) internal pressure, judge whether the impermeability of car body meets the designing requirement of vehicle.
3. rail vehicle whole tightness test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: every loading 10,000 times, stop to load, and the test car body is carried out crack detection, then continue load test like flawless, if any crackle, i.e. termination test.
4. rail vehicle whole tightness test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when sudden change occurring like the strain data of said car body and unit under test, i.e. and termination test.
5. realize the airtight fatigue experimental device of car body of rail vehicle according to claim 1 for one kind, it is characterized in that:
The test compartment (1) that comprises a sealing;
A test casing (2), said compartment (1) are placed in the said test casing (2);
Air generation plants is used for on-load pressure in said compartment (1) and test casing (2);
Control system is used to control the waveform of above-mentioned on-load pressure;
Test macro is used to detect, write down, analyze the dependent variable at the tested position of said car body and the distortion of car body.
6. the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said air generation plants comprises: in said compartment (1) the interior loading equipemtn (3) of on-load pressure and in said test casing (2) the outer loading equipment (4) of on-load pressure; Loading equipemtn (3) and outer loading equipment (4) are communicated with said compartment (1) and test casing (2) through air pipe line (5) respectively in said; Flow control valve (6) is set on each air pipe line (5), and each said flow control valve (6) is connected with said control system through connecting line.
7. the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: loading equipemtn (3) and outer loading equipment (4) are made up of vacuum pump, air compressor and gas-holder in said, perhaps are fan blower (7).
8. the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said control system comprises that several are arranged on the pressure transducer (8) in said compartment (1) and the test casing (2), and said pressure transducer (8) is connected with controlling computer (10) through signal wire.
9. the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said test macro comprises the data collector of the tested position of several car bodies dependent variable; Said data collector is connected with the reception converter that is used for dependent variable is converted into electric signal through data line, and said reception converter is connected with computer through data line.
10. the airtight fatigue experimental device of the car body of rail vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described data collector is the foil gauge that is attached at the tested position of car body.
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| CN201110060611.1A CN102680181B (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Method and device for testing vehicle body airtightness and fatigue of railway vehicle |
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| CN201110060611.1A CN102680181B (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Method and device for testing vehicle body airtightness and fatigue of railway vehicle |
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| CN102680181B CN102680181B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN104266851A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-07 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Device for connecting airtight test vehicle body with airtight test bed box |
| CN104442612A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Universal sealing device for car window |
| CN105229443A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2016-01-06 | 斯奈克玛 | Low-cycle fatigue or low week and multicycle fatigue rig |
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| CN104442612A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Universal sealing device for car window |
| CN106768696B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2023-09-29 | 青岛宏达青田交通设备有限公司 | Automatic windshield airtight rain test bed and test method |
| CN106768696A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛宏达青田交通设备有限公司 | The automation airtight salt fog test platform of windscreen and test method |
| CN107219125A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-29 | 福建省永正工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of detection device for doors and windows sealing compressive property |
| CN109279046B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-07-09 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Cabin filling method and cart for cabin filling device |
| CN109279046A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-29 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | A kind of cabin fill method and cabin filling device cart |
| CN110426165A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-08 | 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of railcar air seal test platform |
| CN110426166A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-08 | 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of railcar air seal test blocks tooling and its packaging technology |
| CN111460667A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-28 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for simulating real pressure wave environment |
| CN111460667B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2023-12-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for simulating real pressure wave environment |
| CN112197918A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-08 | 北京舍得叔叔科技有限公司 | Air tightness detection system and method |
| CN113945338A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-18 | 青岛中车四方轨道车辆有限公司 | Rail vehicle body sealing performance test device and test method |
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