CN102679952A - Method for measuring gradient of wind generating set tower - Google Patents
Method for measuring gradient of wind generating set tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN102679952A CN102679952A CN2011102457840A CN201110245784A CN102679952A CN 102679952 A CN102679952 A CN 102679952A CN 2011102457840 A CN2011102457840 A CN 2011102457840A CN 201110245784 A CN201110245784 A CN 201110245784A CN 102679952 A CN102679952 A CN 102679952A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring a gradient of a wind generating set tower, which comprises the following steps of firstly arranging a base on the lower part of a wind generating set tower drum, arranging a longitudinal shaft with an equivalent plane being parallel to the wind generating set tower drum on the base, determining the orientation of a laser beam which is vertical to the longitudinal shaft of the wind generating set tower drum by utilizing a right-angled plate and an inclined indicating instrument, arranging a theodolite in the direction pointed by the laser beam to observe the top and the bottom of the wind generating set drum, recording a corresponding direct telescope angle and a corresponding inverted telescope angle, to conveniently calculate the gradient of the wind generating set tower drum. Due to the adoption of the method, the error of the measured gradient value of the wind generating set tower drum is further reduced, the traditional method for measuring the gradient of a building by utilizing the theodolite is changed, and the gradient measurement steps are simplified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measure the method, particularly wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method of cylindrical wind-force unit tower tube.
Background technology
The wind-power electricity generation power supply is made up of wind power generating set, the pylon that supports genset, storage battery charge controller, inverter, unloader, net-connected controller, battery pack etc.Wind power generating set comprises wind wheel, generator, contains compositions such as blade, wheel hub, reinforcing member in the wind wheel, wind generator set blade receive wind-force rotation and generate electricity, function such as generator head rotation; Pylon wherein is the necessary support equipment that guarantees the normal operation of wind power generating set safety; Its importance is self-evident, in view of after the wind energy conversion system long-time running, receives various external force influences; Cause the tower tube to depart from the original fixed position; Promptly owing to reasons such as the foundation settlement of tower tube, distortion can cause to a certain direction, the degree of tilt numerical value appearance that maybe a certain wind-force unit tower tube is surveyed in to wind power plant in the time can not in time observing wind power plant wind-force unit tower tube degree of tilt direction will cause the erroneous judgement on the measuring technique during than large deviation; Then can't guarantee that wind power generating set tower tube safety normally moves; Even great safety in production hidden danger appears, and even serious accident takes place, therefore; The surveying work of wind-force unit tower tube degree of tilt does not have minor matter and can say; If continuing to use traditional inclination measurement method measures it, measured degree of tilt numerical error is still bigger than normal, the existing requirement that then can not satisfy current all trades and professions to the method for measuring wind power generating set tower tube degree of tilt or other henge degree of tilt far away; It also is a technical matters that needs need to be resolved hurrily; Especially to the surveying work of wind power plant wind-force unit tower tube degree of tilt, must reach the index of low sum of errors high measurement efficient, can realize a certain wind-force unit tower tube degree of tilt safety monitoring in the wind power plant.At present, the monitoring of wind-power generating unit tower tower tube degree of tilt is still belonged to blank, can occur then to the measuring method of other henge degree of tilt that measuring error is big, measuring process problem on the high side.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method, measuring process is further simplified, and obviously reduces measuring error.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method; A, at first need on the bottom outside wall surface of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell near ground of degree of tilt to be measured, a pedestal to be set, the axial geometric centre axes o ' o0 of the equivalent plane that is provided with on this pedestal and this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell parallels; The survey instrument that needs to prepare has: transit, scale, L-square and inclination are vertical to indicator; Know the height H of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell;
Described inclination is vertically to indicator; Comprise discoid comprehensive level meter; Discoid comprehensive level meter is made up of circular flat box body and circular transparent plate body; Circular transparent plate body fixed sealing is contained on the circular open of circular flat box body setting; Seal up the inside of circular flat box body, in the inner closed enclosure chamber that forms of circular flat box body, be provided with and keeping somewhere alveolate liquid, the groove that is closed into annular around the circular transparent plate body is being set on circular flat box body; This toroidal cavity overlaps with how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body; Cooperate in the toroidal cavity annular circle body is installed, with the sliding contact of annular circle body, toroidal cavity is with how much center of circle D rotations around the circular transparent plate body relatively; On the annular circle body, be set with annular frame; Be fixed with rotary indicator on the annular frame, the geometric center straight line that this rotary indicator length direction extends is through how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body, and the outer plate surface of rotary indicator and circular transparent plate body parallels; Rotary indicator one end tip be positioned at the edge of circular transparent plate body and relatively how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body radially be sensing with the circular transparent plate body all the time; Laser sight also is being set on annular frame, and laser sight is installed on the annular circle body through active connection, and described active connection is paired to have externally threaded screw rod and the paired pipe box with internal thread constitutes; Pipe box one of which end all is hinged with laser sight housing outer wall; On the annular circle body, screw rod is being set, screw rod can be connected and rotation relative to each other through its internal and external screw thread that matches with pipe box, and laser beam straight line and the vertical geometric center straight line of rotary indicator that the relative installation relation on described laser sight and the annular frame is launched with its transmitting terminal are thrown perpendicular being as the criterion of projection line on the circular transparent plate body; Described rotary indicator is between circular transparent plate body and laser sight; On laser sight, fixedly installing the vertical bar shaped air-bubble level,, the rectilinear beam keeping parallelism that the relative fixed position relation of described vertical bar shaped air-bubble level on laser sight launched with its baseplane and laser sight transmitting terminal is as the criterion;
B, 1. the plate body with L-square is close on the equivalent plane; And it is packed on the equivalent plane; Again above-mentioned said inclination vertically is placed on above-mentioned said another plate body of L-square to indicator; Make vertical base plane to be close on another plate body of L-square to indicator; Manually the rotary annular support body makes the most advanced and sophisticated bubble that is offset to circular transparent plate body edge that points to of rotary indicator, manually screws the active connection-pipe box and/or the screw rod that vertically are provided with to indicator again, with the leveling laser sight; 2. open vertical laser sight on indicator; Orientation along laser sight transmitting terminal institute emitting linear laser beam moves; To set up transit at this observation position; Above-mentioned this observation position at transit place and the air line distance L between the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell can all can be mirrored visual visual field through this telescope with the top of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell and bottom with this theodolite telescope that defaults in this observation position and be advisable; After observation position is set, set up transit at observation position, according to the existing horizontal dial of being used to have this transit of step leveling of debugging operations transit; The telescope of transit is sought the laser sight that apparent dip is vertically installed on indicator;, be observed object promptly, and keep the horizontal dial of this transit to be in horizontality towards laser sight through the visual so that telescope lens of telescope ocular with this laser sight; Again laser sight is mirrored in the range of telescope; And pass through the position that transit is adjusted on visual laser sight limit, telescope ocular limit, and pass through the horizontal level and the height of visual laser sight limit, telescope ocular limit adjustment transit, the crosshair point of crossing in the circular light spot process telescope at the rectilinear beam institute projection place that the laser sight transmitting terminal is launched is after the telescope ocular projection is gone into binocular; Keep telescope towards constant base level angle start index with record horizontal dial this moment, and with the present residing position of transit as observation station M and motionless; 3. utilize the above-mentioned horizontal angle start index of noting; According to the method for existing transit sciagraphy with the declivity observation that combines henge; Rotating telescope makes it towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell to be measured; The visual field is mirrored through telescope respectively in wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell top and bottom; Utilize the transit sciagraphy to calculate to obtain the line of horizontal linear distance L x and telescope how much centre point o ' between the oblique observation eccentric throw-o0C of level between how much center of circle o0 at how much centre point o ' and its top of its bottom of this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell to send the angle angle θ=∠ ZM o ' of rectilinear beam with respect to laser sight towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell bottom; Calculate the longest eccentric throw Ls=of level reality (Lx/ cos θ) between o ' o0, finally calculate the degree of tilt i=Ls/H of this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell then.
Under person skilled of the present invention can record the numerical value of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell or other structures degree of tilt through above practical implementation step of the present invention, realize reducing the target of bank error.Practical implementation step of the present invention is clear concise and to the point, and through practice test, the degree of tilt error in value of measured wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell is further reduced, and changes the method for tradition with transit survey structures degree of tilt, has simplified measuring process.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is described further below.
Fig. 1 is the overall vertical view of laying of the final step of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the measurement engineering triangle geometrical principle figure corresponding to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is for to look squarely observation figure corresponding to the measurement engineering of Fig. 1 (not containing inclination vertically to indicator);
Fig. 4 is specifically designed to inclination of the present invention vertically to the plan structure synoptic diagram of indicator;
Fig. 5 is the plan structure synoptic diagram based on the removal annular circle body of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the side-looking sectional structure synoptic diagram based on the removal annular circle body of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the overall side-looking sectional structure synoptic diagram based on Fig. 4;
Fig. 8 for A-A among Fig. 1 to looking squarely enlarged diagram [promptly be exclusively used in the present invention's side-looking enlarged diagram on indicator (based on Fig. 1 and Fig. 6), L-square match the equivalent plane that is arranged at the pedestal that wind-force unit tower tube bottom is provided with that tilts vertically, contain to tilt vertically side view cutaway drawing and wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell partial schematic diagram] to indicator.
Embodiment
A kind of wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method; A, like Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 8; At first need on the bottom outside wall surface of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 near ground of degree of tilt to be measured, a pedestal 2 to be set, the equivalent plane 20 that is provided with on this pedestal 2 parallels with the axial geometric centre axes o ' o0 of this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10; The survey instrument that needs to prepare has: transit 6, scale 5, L-square 3 and inclination are vertical to indicator; Know the height H of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10;
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 4 to shown in Figure 8; Described inclination is vertically to indicator; Comprise discoid comprehensive level meter; Discoid comprehensive level meter is made up of with circular transparent plate body 43 circular flat box body 4; Circular transparent plate body 43 fixed sealing are contained on the circular open of circular flat box body 4 settings, seal up the inside of circular flat box body 4, in the circular flat box body 4 inner closed enclosure chambeies that form, are being provided with and are keeping somewhere the liquid 48 that bubble 50 is arranged; Like Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6; The groove 49 that is closed into annular around circular transparent plate body 43 is being set on circular flat box body 4, and this toroidal cavity 49 overlaps with how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body 43, i.e. concentric; Cooperate in the toroidal cavity 49 annular circle body 47 is installed; With 47 sliding contacts of annular circle body, toroidal cavity 49 is set with annular frame 42 with how much center of circle D rotations around circular transparent plate body 43 on annular circle body 47 relatively; Be fixed with rotary indicator 41 on the annular frame 42; The geometric center straight line that this rotary indicator 41 length directions extend is through how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body 43, and rotary indicator 41 parallels with the outer plate surface of circular transparent plate body 43, rotary indicator 41 1 end tips be positioned at the edge of circular transparent plate body 43 and relatively how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body 43 radially be sensing with circular transparent plate body 43 all the time; Laser sight 44 also is being set on annular frame 42; Laser sight 44 is installed on the annular circle body 47 through active connection, and described active connection is that the paired externally threaded screw rod 420 that has constitutes with the paired pipe box with internal thread 410, and pipe box 410 one of which ends all are hinged with laser sight 44 housing outer walls; Screw rod 420 is being set on annular circle body 47; Screw rod 420 can be connected and rotation relative to each other through its internal and external screw thread that matches with pipe box 410, and described laser sight 44 is thrown perpendicular being as the criterion of projection line on circular transparent plate body 43 with laser beam straight line and rotary indicator 41 vertical geometric center straight lines that the relative installation relation on the annular frame 42 is launched with its transmitting terminal 46, like Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 4; Promptly the angle of cut of geometric center straight line orthogonal projection on circular transparent plate body 43 with rotary indicator 41 length directions is 90 °; Like Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, described rotary indicator 41 is between circular transparent plate body 43 and laser sight 44, and the spacing J between rotary indicator 41 and the circular transparent plate body 43 is not more than 5mm; On laser sight 44, fixedly installing vertical bar shaped air-bubble level 45, the rectilinear beam keeping parallelism that the relative fixed position relation of described vertical bar shaped air-bubble level 45 on laser sight 44 launched with its baseplane (promptly at ordinary times with the contacted base plane of object installed surface of other levelnesss to be measured) and laser sight 44 transmitting terminals 46 is as the criterion;
B, 1. like Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 8; One plate body 31 of L-square 3 is close on the equivalent plane 20; And it is packed on the equivalent plane 20, then another plate body 32 of L-square 3 vertically is placed on above-mentioned said inclination on L-square 3 above-mentioned said another plate bodys 32 to indicator perpendicular to wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 axial geometric centre axes o ' o0 again; Make vertical base plane to be close on another plate body 32 of L-square 3 to indicator; If during on-the-spot wind-force to be measured big (wind speed is no more than 6M/s), the available existing means of installing will tilt vertically be fixed on the L-square 3 to indicator motionless, at this moment; It is vertically perpendicular with the axial geometric centre axes o ' o0 of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 to the circular transparent plate body 43 of indicator to tilt; Manually rotary annular support body 42 makes the rotary indicator 41 most advanced and sophisticated bubbles 50 that are offset to circular transparent plate body 43 edges that point to, and manually screws the active connection-pipe box 410 and/or the screw rod 420 that vertically are provided with to indicator again, the bubble that is provided with in the visual vertical bar shape level meter 45; When the bubble in the vertical bar shape level meter 45 occupy the most central scale; With leveling laser sight 44 (rectilinear beam that the transmitting terminal 46 of laser sight 44 is launched is in horizontality, with horizontal transmission), promptly laser sight 44 rectilinear beam of being launched is vertical with pedal line; 2. as shown in Figure 1; Open the vertical laser sight 44 on indicator that tilts, make laser sight 44 send rectilinear beam, move along the orientation of 46 emitting linear laser beam of laser sight 44 transmitting terminals; Search fixing observation position to set up transit 6 at this observation position; Above-mentioned this observation position at transit 6 places and the air line distance L between the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 can all can be mirrored visual visual field through this telescope with bottom 1 with the top 11 of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 with these transit 6 telescopes that default in this observation position and be advisable, and above-mentioned said air line distance L can obtain by overlength tape measure or stadimeter, after observation position is set; Set up transit 6 at observation position; According to the existing horizontal dial of being used to have this transit 6 of step leveling of debugging operations transit 6, the telescope of transit 6 is sought the laser sight 44 that apparent dip is vertically installed on indicator, through the visual so that telescope lens of telescope ocular towards laser sight 44; Be observed object promptly with this laser sight 44; And keeping the horizontal dial of this transit 6 to be in horizontality, promptly telescopical middle bobbin thread also is in horizontality, laser sight 44 is mirrored in the range of telescope again; And horizontal level and height through visual laser sight 44 limits, telescope ocular limit adjustment transit 6; Crosshair point of crossing in the circular light spot process telescope at the rectilinear beam institute projection place that laser sight 44 transmitting terminals 46 are launched is after the telescope ocular projection is gone into binocular, and human eye can feel that its brightness of laser beam is the highest, explains that telescope is towards overlapping with the laser beam transmit direction; In same surface level; Telescope be equivalent on the transparency glass plate that laser sight 44 fixedly installs on the focal plane in the rectilinear beam that telescope is injected is incident upon transit 6 telescopes, and this rectilinear beam hot spot projection is rounded on the crosshair point of crossing that is provided with on the transparency glass plate towards vertical with wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 vergence directions; As shown in figures 1 and 3; Keep telescope towards constant base level angle start index with record horizontal dial this moment, and with transit 6 present residing positions as observation station M and motionless, the vertical projection of the rectilinear beam hot spot in the plane that laser sight 44 is launched should be rounded; Make things convenient for human eye to judge; Generally speaking, in order to protect not Stimulated Light direct irradiation and damaging of eyes, can wear the protection laser ophthalmoscope and carry out above-mentioned measurement operation; Through protection laser eyes the light intensity of laser-transmitting being reduced to human eye can accept, and laser sight 44 emitted laser should meet relevant safety standard; Certainly; A transmission lens also can be installed by the focal plane place in telescope, and crosshair is inscribed on this transmission lens, and laser sight 44 then can be incident upon on the transmission lens that this focal plane place installs through the hot spot that telescope is injected; Adjustment transit position gets final product until 44 emitted laser bundles of laser sight are incident upon on the crosshair point of crossing through telescope objective; Convenient observation, laser sight 44 positions keep fixed always; 3. utilize the above-mentioned horizontal angle start index of noting; Method according to existing transit 6 sciagraphies and the declivity observation that combines henge (comprises existing steps necessary: place scale 5; So that scale 5 matches with wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10; With transit 6 is placed on the perpendicular bisector direction of scale); Rotating telescope makes it towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 to be measured; The visual field is mirrored through telescope respectively with bottom 11 in wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 tops 1; As shown in Figure 2; Utilize the transit sciagraphy to calculate to obtain how much center of circle o0 at how much center of circle o ' and its top 11 of these wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 its bottoms 1 be projected in respectively reading X ' and X0 on the scale 5 (according to transit 6 apart from the difference of air line distance, reading X ' and the X0 of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 and geometric relationship can be regarded as the longest eccentric throw of level reality between o ' o0), the line of horizontal linear distance L x between the oblique observation eccentric throw-o0C of level of o ' o0 and telescope geometry centre point o ' towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 bottoms sends the angle angle θ=∠ ZMo ' of rectilinear beam with respect to laser sight 44; O0C ⊥ o ' M; Calculate the longest eccentric throw Ls=of level reality (Lx/ cos θ) between o ' o0, finally calculate the degree of tilt i=Ls/H of this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 then, i.e. i=Lx/ (Hcos θ).
As shown in Figure 2, according to the base level angle start index of the horizontal dial of above-mentioned original records, utilize the triangle geometric measurement method; The top 11 of using 6 pairs of wind-force set tower frames of transit cylindrical shell 10 and top 1 separately two avris carry out telescope direct, reversing face observation, can obtain γ=∠ ZMo0, β=∠ o0Mo ', can get θ=γ+β=∠ ZMo ' thus; Shown in Figure 2 according to vertical view, because intersecting vertically, the eccentric throw extended line of straight line line oo ' and rectilinear beam that laser sight 44 is launched form virtual intersection point intersection point Z, so ∠ o ' ZM is the right angle; Straight line line ZM is the laser beam straight line that laser sight 44 is launched, and C is last at straight line line o ' M for point, o 0C ⊥ Mo '; So ∠ o ' Co0 also is the right angle, ∠ o ' ZM=∠ o ' Co0, ∠ Zo ' M and ∠ Co ' o0 are all one jiao; ∠ Zo ' M=∠ Co ' o0, therefore, △ o ' ZM is right-angle triangle and similar with △ o ' Co0; Therefore; ∠ ZMo '=∠ Co0o '=θ, when obtaining the horizontal linear distance L x=straight line line o0C between the o 0C with transit 6 stravismus observation calculations, the longest eccentric throw of level reality between o ' o0 is Ls=(Lx/ cos θ).
It should be noted: the laser sight of being selected for use 44 is existing (engineering survey of better performances is used) laser designator; Should satisfy the less requirement of scattered laser beam firing angle (in above-mentioned air line distance L short distance 500m); Hot spot can obviously not enlarged behind the projection behind the propagation certain distance; The spot diameter size of institute's projection should be visible as suitable with human eye, and radius size preferably should be less than 2mm, if institute's projection hot spot on the crosshair in transit 6 telescopes is obviously excessive; With the naked eye vision is debugged transit 6; Can let how much centers of circle of circular light spot overlap with the crosshair point of crossing as far as possible, the right angle precision that improves right angle ∠ o ' ZM with guarantee a Z and put M all at (in 44 emitted laser bundles of laser sight) on same the straight line, further to be reduced in the error of field measurement wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 degree of tilt.
In addition; Its error degree of horizontal linear distance L x between the oblique observation eccentric throw-o0C of the level of o ' o0 is also relevant with the air line distance L that transit 6 belongs between observation positions and the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10; Need to select suitable measuring distance L according to the wind power plant situation; As the gradient measurement numerical value and the air line distance L short (need according to existing " declivity observation of henge "-prior art, use existing transit sciagraphy to the henge gradient measurement wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 is tilted to measure) of the low error of needs, L is during less than 1.5H; Need count the circular radius R of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 bottoms 1; Just can avoid bigger measuring and calculating error, otherwise error will greatly increase, measured Lx=straight line line oC is the actual measurement evaluation; As air line distance L (having to) during, need not to consider or learn the circular radius R of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 bottoms 1, at this moment more than or equal to 1.5H; Measured wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 degree of tilt numerical errors increase to some extent; But relatively large, therefore, can ignore basically greater than the measured bank error of the distance of 1.5H; Because air line distance L is enough far away, measured Lx=straight line line oC is basically near above-mentioned its actual measurement evaluation.
Spacing J between rotary indicator 41 and the circular transparent plate body 43 is 1-2mm.The length of this rotary indicator 41 equals the radius of circular transparent plate body 43 at least.Annular frame 42 is annular, and how much center of circle D of its how much centers of circle and circular transparent plate body 43 coincide.
Air line distance L between transit 6 residing observation positions and the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 is more than or equal to 1.5H.
Described pipe box 410 one of which ends are all hinged through spherical hinging mechanism with laser sight 44 housing outer walls, and spherical hinging mechanism is a prior art products.
Points for attention: before in wind power plant, measuring a certain wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell 10 degree of tilt; Need to measure the wind speed of the wind power plant that belongs to; If wind speed is during greater than 6m/s; Preferably stop to measure operation, should be under calm or low wind speed during measurement (6m/s) and carry out, avoid error because of the shimmy generation of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell.
The instrument that uses has with instrument: it is vertical to indicator, transit, scale, laser range finder etc. to tilt.
As: a certain wind energy turbine set is chosen F10-4 gold wind 1500kw wind power generating set and is measured in Xinjiang.Gold wind 1500kW wind-force unit wheel hub centre-height 65m gets unit southern side and west side for measuring inspection surface.All greater than 1.5 times of the pylon height, 100m is got in this measurement to observation station to the air line distance of wind power generating set tower tube.For reducing observational error, getting driftage section plane, junction, tower tube top is last observation station; Get tower tube bottom weld seam plane and be following observation station.Calculate according to observed reading: pylon cylindrical shell top center O is to the off-set value Lx of the O ' of bottom centre on the o0C horizontal direction, and Ls==(Lx/ cos θ) then calculates the angle of its degree of tilt i and inclination thereof according to the height H of total drift value Ls and pylon.
Wind-power electricity generation developed rapidly in recent years; And wind has uncontrollability and unpredictability; After the wind power generating set long-time running; The pylon cylindrical shell that causes owing to reasons such as its foundation settlement, pylon distortion and initial stage basic engineering defectives tilts, and makes the wind energy conversion system operation have potential danger, even the serious phenomenon of falling the tower occurs.Measuring error of the present invention is little; Avoid the cumulative errors in the computation process; Provide a brand-new measurement to calculate the method for wind power generating set tower tube degree of tilt can for the wind-powered electricity generation industry; In time find the hidden danger that wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell tilts, keep the frequency of monitoring wind power generating set tower tube degree of tilt, guarantee wind energy conversion system device security, reliable, stable operation.
Claims (6)
1. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method; It is characterized by: A, at first need on the bottom outside wall surface of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) near ground of degree of tilt to be measured, a pedestal (2) to be set, the axial geometric centre axes o ' o0 that this pedestal (2) is gone up the equivalent plane (20) that is provided with and this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) parallels; The survey instrument that needs to prepare has: transit (6), scale (5), L-square (3) and inclination are vertical to indicator; Know the height H of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10);
Described inclination is vertically to indicator; Comprise discoid comprehensive level meter; Discoid comprehensive level meter is made up of circular flat box body (4) and circular transparent plate body (43); Circular transparent plate body (43) fixed sealing is contained on the circular open of circular flat box body (4) setting; Seal up the inside of circular flat box body (4); In the inner closed enclosure chamber that forms of circular flat box body (4), be provided with and keeping somewhere the liquid (48) that bubble (50) are arranged; The groove (49) that is closed into annular around circular transparent plate body (43) is being set on circular flat box body (4); This toroidal cavity (49) overlaps with how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body (43); Cooperate in the toroidal cavity (49) annular circle body (47) is installed; With annular circle body (47) sliding contact, toroidal cavity (49) is set with annular frame (42) with how much center of circle D rotations around circular transparent plate body (43) on annular circle body (47) relatively; Be fixed with rotary indicator (41) on the annular frame (42); The geometric center straight line that this rotary indicator (41) length direction extends is through how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body (43), and rotary indicator (41) parallels with the outer plate surface of circular transparent plate body (43), rotary indicator (41) one end tips be positioned at the edge of circular transparent plate body (43) and relatively how much center of circle D of circular transparent plate body (43) radially be sensing with circular transparent plate body (43) all the time; Laser sight (44) also is being set on annular frame (42); Laser sight (44) is installed on the annular circle body (47) through active connection, and described active connection is paired to have externally threaded screw rod (420) and the paired pipe box with internal thread (410) constitutes, and pipe box (410) one of which end all is hinged with laser sight (44) housing outer wall; Screw rod (420) is being set on annular circle body (47); Screw rod (420) can be connected and rotation relative to each other through its internal and external screw thread that matches with pipe box (410), and described laser sight (44) is thrown perpendicular being as the criterion of projection line on circular transparent plate body (43) with laser beam straight line and the vertical geometric center straight line of rotary indicator (41) that the relative installation relation on the annular frame (42) is launched with its transmitting terminal (46), and described rotary indicator (41) is positioned between circular transparent plate body (43) and the laser sight (44); On laser sight (44), fixedly installing vertical bar shaped air-bubble level (45), the rectilinear beam keeping parallelism that the relative fixed position relation of described vertical bar shaped air-bubble level (45) on laser sight (44) launched with its baseplane and laser sight (44) transmitting terminal (46) is as the criterion;
B, 1. the plate body (31) with L-square (3) is close on the equivalent plane (20); And it is packed on the equivalent plane (20); Again above-mentioned said inclination vertically is placed on above-mentioned said another plate body of L-square (3) (32) to indicator; Make vertical base plane to be close on another plate body (32) of L-square (3) to indicator; Manually rotary annular support body (42) makes the most advanced and sophisticated bubble (50) that is offset to circular transparent plate body (43) edge that points to of rotary indicator (41), manually screws the active connection-pipe box (410) and/or the screw rod (420) that vertically are provided with to indicator again, with leveling laser sight (44); 2. open vertical laser sight (44) on indicator; Orientation along laser sight (44) transmitting terminal (46) institute emitting linear laser beam moves; To set up transit (6) at this observation position; Above-mentioned this observation position at transit (6) place and the air line distance L between the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) can all can be mirrored visual visual field through this telescope with the top (11) of wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) and bottom (1) with this transit (6) telescope that defaults in this observation position and be advisable; After observation position is set; Set up transit (6) at observation position; According to the existing horizontal dial of being used to have this transit of step leveling (6) of debugging operations transit (6); The telescope of transit (6) is sought the laser sight (44) that apparent dip is vertically installed on indicator, visual through telescope ocular so that telescope lens towards laser sight (44), is an observed object with this laser sight (44) promptly; And keep the horizontal dial of this transit (6) to be in horizontality; Laser sight (44) is mirrored in the range of telescope again, and passed through the horizontal level and the height of the visual laser sight in telescope ocular limit (44) limit adjustment transit (6), the crosshair point of crossing in the circular light spot process telescope at the rectilinear beam institute projection place that laser sight (44) transmitting terminal (46) is launched is after the telescope ocular projection is gone into binocular; Keep telescope towards constant base level angle start index with record horizontal dial this moment, and with the present residing position of transit (6) as observation station M and motionless; 3. utilize the above-mentioned horizontal angle start index of noting; According to the method for existing transit (6) sciagraphy with the declivity observation that combines henge; Rotating telescope makes it towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) to be measured; The visual field is mirrored through telescope respectively in wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) top (11) and bottom (1); Utilize the transit sciagraphy to calculate to obtain the line of horizontal linear distance L x and telescope how much centre point o ' between the oblique observation eccentric throw-o0C of level between how much center of circle o0 at its how much centre point o ' of this wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) and its top 11 to send the angle angle θ=∠ ZM o ' of rectilinear beam with respect to laser sight (44) towards wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) bottom; Calculate the longest eccentric throw Ls=of level reality (Lx/
) between o ' o0, finally calculate the degree of tilt i=Ls/H of this wind-force set tower frame tower tube (10) then.
2. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the spacing J between rotary indicator (41) and the circular transparent plate body (43) is 1-2mm.
3. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length of this rotary indicator (41) equals the radius of circular transparent plate body (43) at least.
4. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: annular frame (42) is annular, and how much center of circle D of its how much centers of circle and circular transparent plate body (43) coincide.
5. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the air line distance L between residing observation position of transit (6) and the wind-force set tower frame cylindrical shell (10) is more than or equal to 1.5H.
6. wind-force set tower frame inclination measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pipe box (410) one of which end is all hinged through spherical hinging mechanism with laser sight (44) housing outer wall.
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| CN103759708A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Method for measuring gradient of tower |
| CN104535236A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Method and equipment for positioning on-shaft load test point of wind generating set |
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