A kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco cultivation special fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tobacco (
nicotiana tabacuml.) be a kind of economic class crop, planting range is more extensive.China is a genuine tobacco big country, and yield of tobacco occupies first place in the world, and 2010, national tobacco industry realized that profits tax surpasses 6,000 hundred million yuan.According to the pertinent data introduction, the Chinese tobacco human consumer accounts for total population 33%, and also has the trend risen; Tobacco leaf planting and tobacco purchasing all account for half of world's total amount, but that our quality of production generally and baking technology and world standard are compared gap is larger.
At present, tobacco is increasing to the demand of fertilizer, more and more higher to the specification of quality of fertilizer.Tobacco is divided seedbed phase and two stages of field period whole breeding time, seedbed phase 50-60 days, and tobacco absorbs that nutrient is less, and field period is 110-120 days, is divided into going back seedling, group, buddingging and ripe four-stage.Also seedling stage, the tobacco fertilizer requirement was little, poor growth, and leaf area is little, and photosynthate is few.Within 40-80 days after transplanting, are peak periods that tobacco inhales nitrogen, the Heavy metal rate of this nitrogen in period (N) is 70%, phosphorus (P
2o
5) specific absorption be 58%, potassium (K
2o) be 57%.Tobacco need the consistent of phosphorus rule and nitrogen, need the potassium peak than needing nitrogen and need phosphorus more early, in advance about two weeks, so potassium is used more important in earlier stage.
Quantity research and production practice show greatly, and every production 100Kg tobacco leaf need to be drawn nitrogen (N) 2.30-3.40Kg, phosphorus (P from soil
2o
5) 1.05-1.53Kg, potassium (K
2o) 4.83-6.53Kg, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2.2:1:4.27.Tobacco is happiness potassium crop, executes the enough tobacco happiness potassium needs that guarantee of potassium, to improving incendivity, security and the fragrance of tobacco leaf, improves quality of tobacco, and reducing nicotine content has good effect.Tobacco is avoided chlorine, forbids to use chloride chemical fertilizer in production, as ammonium chloride, Repone K, otherwise unfavorable to quality of tobacco, can reduce the incendivity of cigarette, easily flame-out.
At present, mainly there are following three problems in common fertilizer concerning tobacco:
1, common fertilizer can make the tobacco volume increase, but life-time service can make soil become, hardens, and the crumb structure of soil is destroyed serious, and the quality product of tobacco obviously descends, and the more important thing is the havoc ecotope.
2, the common fertilizer nutrient element releasing rule can't match with the tobacco law of nutritive absorption, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low.
3, tobacco grower's fertilising often be take empiric fertilization as main, and cost is higher, and causes Soil structure and environment to be damaged, and the crop anti-adversity ability descends, and has seriously restricted effective raising of land output ability.
Company, by surveying the soil formula, simultaneously in conjunction with regulation of fertilizer requirement and the characteristics of tobacco, has researched and developed a kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid, for addressing the above problem, has proposed a new thinking.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid and preparation method thereof.
The present invention contains the preparation method of the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid: allocate a certain proportion of vitriolate of tartar solid state powder shape material and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate through heating in the fused solution of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and industrial monoammonium phosphate into, add fertilizer synergist poly aspartic acid (PASP) and micro-zinc sulfate simultaneously, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, borax, Sodium orthomolybdate, it is mixed with fused solution, under the temperature of melting self and mechanical agitation, be combined into rapidly have certain fluidity can low temperature eutectic, then adopt prilling tower sprinkling pelleting technique to carry out granulation, carry out heat exchange with the airflow risen and cooling and curing rapidly in prilling tower in the process that falls of spray tear drop, just formed a kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and the feed composition weight part is as follows: ammonium nitrate phosphorus 450-520 part, industrial monoammonium phosphate 30-60 part, vitriolate of tartar 300-420 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 40-60 part, poly aspartic acid 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 5-20 part, copper sulfate 5-20 part, ferrous sulfate 5-20 part, manganous sulfate 5-20 part, borax 5-20 part, Sodium orthomolybdate 0-1 part.
Above raw material is commercially available prod, wherein:
In ammonium nitrate phosphorus, nitrogen content is 32%, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 4%, and specification is 32-4-0, is mass percent;
In industrial monoammonium phosphate, nitrogen content is 12%, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 61%, and specification is 12-61-0, is mass percent;
In vitriolate of tartar, potassium oxide content is 51%, and specification is 0-0-51, is mass percent;
In fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, the content of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is 18%, and the content of calcium oxide is 45%, and magnesian content is 12%, and the content of silicon oxide is 20%, is mass percent, and specification is 0-18-0;
Poly aspartic acid is amber transparent liquid, density >=1.20 g/cm3 during percent solids >=40.0,20 ℃.
The present invention is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and further preferred feed composition weight part is as follows: ammonium nitrate phosphorus 460-510 part, industrial monoammonium phosphate 40-60 part, vitriolate of tartar 330-400 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 40-60 part, poly aspartic acid 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 5-15 part, copper sulfate 5-15 part, ferrous sulfate 5-15 part, manganous sulfate 5-15 part, borax 5-15 part, Sodium orthomolybdate 0-0.5 part.
The present invention is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and most preferred feed composition weight part is as follows:
460 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 40 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphates, 392.8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 50 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 7 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts, zinc sulfate, 10 parts, copper sulfate, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of manganous sulfates, 10 parts of boraxs, 0.2 part of Sodium orthomolybdate.
The present invention is containing the preparation method of the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, after ammonium nitrate phosphorus is mixed with industrial monoammonium phosphate melting altogether, again with the vitriolate of tartar solid state powder, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, poly aspartic acid and zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, borax, Sodium orthomolybdate mixes, formation has the low temperature eutectic of certain fluidity energy, then carry out the prilling tower sprinkling pelleting, carry out heat exchange and rapid cooling curing with the airflow risen in the process that the spray tear drop falls in prilling tower, through screening, metering, pack and obtain the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid.
The present invention has advantages of:
1, fertilizer special for tobacco of the present invention has added a kind of fertilizer synergist---poly aspartic acid, metal ion is had to sequestering action, but enriched in nitrogen phosphorus potassium and trace element are supplied with crop simultaneously, the absorption of trace element in promotion, make the crop nutrition content supply coordination, thereby increase substantially the integral level of tobacco, improve the yield and quality of tobacco, promote root growth, strengthen the disease resistance of crop.
2, fertilizer special for tobacco of the present invention biuret-containing, not chloride not, fundamentally stop the urea that the tobacco grower worries most and suffer from and chlorine trouble, can improve incendivity, security and the fragrance of tobacco leaf, improves quality of tobacco.
3, fertilizer special for tobacco of the present invention can change single chemical fertilizer proterties and improve result of use, can also reduce the detrimentally affect that excessive fertilization causes environment, nutrient element in stationary state in activating soil, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, can improve soil quality again, thereby improve the yield and quality of tobacco.
4, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and the comparable conventional fertilizer application consumption of fertilizer amount reduces 10-20%, reaches cost-saving purpose, and the fertilizer good water solubility, significant to agricultural water-saving irrigation simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not only for so.
embodiment 1: preparation is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide content are respectively 15%, 5%, 20%, are mass percent.
The nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco that contains poly aspartic acid, mark meter by weight:
460 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 40 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphates, 392.8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 50 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 7 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts, zinc sulfate, 10 parts, copper sulfate, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of manganous sulfates, 10 parts of boraxs, 0.2 part of Sodium orthomolybdate.
Preparation method: after ammonium nitrate phosphorus is mixed with industrial monoammonium phosphate melting altogether, with vitriolate of tartar solid state powder, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, poly aspartic acid and zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, borax, Sodium orthomolybdate, mix again, formation has the low temperature eutectic of certain fluidity energy, then carry out the prilling tower sprinkling pelleting, carry out heat exchange and rapid cooling curing with the airflow risen in the process that the spray tear drop falls in prilling tower, just formed a kind of nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid.
embodiment 2:preparation is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide content are respectively 17%, 6%, 17%, are mass percent.
Feed composition weight is as follows: 510 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 50 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphates, 332.8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 50 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 7 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts, zinc sulfate, 10 parts, copper sulfate, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of manganous sulfates, 10 parts of boraxs, 0.2 part of Sodium orthomolybdate.
By the above-mentioned raw materials accurate-metering, preparation technology is with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3:preparation is containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco of poly aspartic acid, and nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide content are respectively 16%, 6%, 18%, are mass percent.
Feed composition weight is as follows: 480 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 55 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphates, 363.8 parts of vitriolate of tartar,
50 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 7 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts, zinc sulfate, 10 parts, copper sulfate, 10 parts, ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of manganous sulfates, 10 parts of boraxs, 0.2 part of Sodium orthomolybdate.
Preparation technology is with embodiment 1.
comparative Examples: common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, specification is 15-5-20, Stanley Fertilizer Co.,Ltd's production and sales, nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide mass percentage content are respectively 15%, 5%, 20%.
The effect of above embodiment 1,2,3 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Be " tobacco " for the examination tobacco bred, plant in Yin Ling village, Yushan town, Linyi Linshu County, soil type is brown earth.
3 processing are established in test:
1. Comparative Examples: common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (specification is 15-5-20);
2. embodiment 1: containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco (specification is 15-5-20) of poly aspartic acid;
3. embodiment 2: containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco (specification is 17-6-17) of poly aspartic acid;
4. embodiment 3: containing the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco (specification is 16-6-18) of poly aspartic acid
Each processing area 0.1hm
2, repeat for 3 times.
The Term Fertilization method: while playing Gansu Province 70% of the total rate of fertilizer application of row replacement, spread manuer in holes 20% during transplanting, after 15-20 days, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, execute 10%, management is with general land for growing field crops.
Experiment shows, under the fertilizer level of equal nutrient (NPK content >=40%), use the fertilizer special for tobacco (specification is 15-5-20) of the embodiment of the present invention 1, tobacco leaf is abundant, dark green leaf color, well developed root system, tobacco growing is evenly sturdy, the phytology proterties is best, resistance against diseases is the strongest, (specification is respectively 17-6-17 to use the fertilizer special for tobacco of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and 3, 16-6-18), the tobacco growing way is better, the phytology proterties is better, resistance against diseases is stronger, and it is poor to use common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium tobacco growing way, use the cigarette strain growth of fertilizer special for tobacco significantly to be better than control sample.Fertilizer application to the impact effect of yield of flue-cured tobacco in Table 1.
The impact of table 1 fertilizer application on yield of flue-cured tobacco
As can be seen from Table 1, with the Common compound fertilizer of using equal nutrient, compare, (specification is respectively 15-5-20 to use the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid of the present invention, 17-6-17, yield of tobacco 16-6-18), average price and the output value all are significantly higher than Comparative Examples, (specification is respectively 15-5-20 to use fertilizer special for tobacco of the present invention, 17-6-17, first-class cigarette ratio 16-6-18) is respectively 21.8%, 20.4%, 20.1%, improved 8.9% than Comparative Examples respectively, 7.5%, 7.2%, the fertilizer special for tobacco (specification is 15-5-20) of using embodiment 1 of wherein take is best to the effect of increasing production of tobacco.
In addition, baked test shows, in bake process, and the tobacco leaf of using fertilizer special for tobacco easy easy fixation of flavescence during toasting, and it is slow to use the tobacco leaf flavescence of common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and the fixation characteristic is poor, and the baking property of tobacco leaf is poor.
Therefore, use the nitre sulfenyl fertilizer special for tobacco containing poly aspartic acid of the present invention and be conducive to improve quality of tobacco, improve yield of tobacco, can large scale application.