CN102668972A - Breeding method of red spot disease resistant broad bean - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of red spot disease resistant broad bean. The breeding method includes the steps of selecting and assembling broad bean germplasm with good comprehensive characters with highly red spot disease resistant broad bean germlplasm to form a parental combination so as to obtain a hybrid; performing a backcross on the hybrid (male) and a resistant parent (female), and performing self-pollination adding to a backcross progeny of BF1 to BF2 or BF3; selecting a land where retention time of dew in a broad bean canopy every day excesses 9 clock in the morning and the red spot disease happens frequently for continuous 3 years on November 15th to April 20th; performing high-pressure screening; planting the screened individual plants of red spot disease resistant broad bean in a next generation, and selecting superior individual plants with high yield in the later segregative generation; and obtaining a variety or a strain of red spot disease resistant broad bean with high yield. The breeding method of the red spot disease resistant broad bean has the advantages of being simple in breeding, short in breeding cycle, small in blindness, high in efficiency and capable of performing direct screening in a high-pressure environment of high-level occurrence of red spot disease of broad bean all year round.

Description

A kind of breeding method of anti-red spot broad bean

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of selection of broad bean new varieties, especially relate to a kind of broad bean breeding of new variety method of anti-red spot.

Background technology

Broad bean red spot (Chocolate spot) is caused by broad bean Botrytis cinerea and grape spore fungi (Botrytis fabae Sard and B.fabae.sard.); Be the main disease in broad bean producing region, the world, the main broad bean producing country that International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas and this disease are popular all classifies the broad bean kind one of as breeding main target to the resistance of red spot.

2001～2007 annuals, it is 267.36 ten thousand hectares that whole world dried broad bean is produced area, 445.78 ten thousand tons of gross outputs, wherein, it is 114.31 ten thousand hectares that China produces area, 209.26 ten thousand tons of gross outputs account for 42.76% and 46.94% of the world respectively.In the Changjiang river, some broad bean producing regions in downstream and the southeast, southwest; Often make output extremely unstable because of red spot is popular; Wherein the incidence of disease of the Yangtze river basin is the highest, and the time incidence of disease is about 30% usually, and most of diseased region disease indexs are higher than 50%; The broad bean production loss surpasses 30%, and serious field piece surpasses 50%.Therefore, cultivate anti-red spot broad bean new varieties, the integrated control technique of research broad bean red spot is actively promoted prevention and control measure efficiently, is the important process that broad bean obtains stable high yield.

In the prior art, utilize the sexual hybridization breeding technique that broad bean is carried out genetic improvement, mainly concentrate on and improve the output aspect.But, but to make slow progress aspect the breed improvement of anti-red spot broad bean, effect is very limited.

Summary of the invention

To the above-mentioned weak point that exists in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of anti-red spot broad bean.It is simple that this breeding method has breeding, can under the hyperbaric environment that the broad bean red spot keeps high level to fall ill throughout the year, directly screen, and breeding cycle is short, and blindness is little, the efficient advantages of higher.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

A kind of breeding method of anti-red spot broad bean, this method comprises the steps:

(1) assembly parental combination: select that comprehensive proterties is good, high yield, the broad bean germplasm of high-quality and the broad bean germplasm assembly parental combination of high anti-red spot, obtain crossbreed;

(2) backcross: the broad bean germplasm resistance parent (♀) of the high anti-red spot in crossbreed (♂) and the step (1) once backcrosses, with backcross progeny BF1 from accompanying each other for to BF2 or BF3;

(3) hyperbaric environment is selected: be chosen in 15～April 20 November, on average the dew time of staying on broad bean canopy every day surpasses the plot of broad bean red spot occurred frequently at 9 o'clock in the morning and continuous 3 years;

(4) high pressure screening: backcross hybrid offspring BF2 or BF3 are placed in the hyperbaric environment of step (3), and anti-red spot broad bean individual plant is selected in the plantation of individual plant simple grain;

(5) high yield pressure screening: the anti-red spot broad bean individual plant that filters out is planted at next from generation to generation, in the later stage segregative generation, selects the high yield fine individual plant;

(6) obtain anti-red spot, high yield broad bean kind or strain:, carry out directive breeding and obtain high anti-red spot broad bean kind or strain through too much red spot environment occurred frequently and the screening of high yield pressure of generation.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: it is simple that this breeding method has breeding method, can under the hyperbaric environment that the broad bean red spot keeps high level to fall ill throughout the year, directly screen, and breeding cycle is short, and blindness is little, the efficient advantages of higher.

Embodiment

A kind of breeding method of anti-red spot broad bean, this method comprises the steps:

(1) assembly parental combination: select comprehensive proterties good (comprehensive proterties is meant well and bears pods individual plant many, the effective branch amounts of number are many, non-lodging, no opparent defect), high yield, the broad bean germplasm of high-quality and the broad bean germplasm assembly parental combination of high anti-red spot, obtain crossbreed.

(2) backcross: the broad bean germplasm resistance parent of the high anti-red spot in crossbreed and the step (1) once backcrosses, and backcross progeny BF1 is arrived BF2 or BF3 from accompany each other generation (be exactly with the BF1 self propagated, increase purpose from generation to generation thereby reach).

(3) hyperbaric environment is selected: the April 20 that is chosen in 15 days～next year in November; On average the dew time of staying on broad bean canopy every day surpasses at 9 o'clock in the morning; And the plot of broad bean red spot occurred frequently in continuous 3 years (become No. 10, Hu or other broad bean kind red spot incidences of disease greater than 98%, disease index is greater than 75%).

(4) high pressure screening: backcross hybrid offspring BF2 or BF3 are placed in the hyperbaric environment of step (3), and anti-red spot broad bean individual plant is selected in individual plant simple grain (referring to seed of every bunch planting kind, every cave one strain broad bean) plantation.

(5) high yield pressure screening: the anti-red spot broad bean individual plant that filters out (the red spot resistance reaches more than " disease-resistant (R) ") is planted at next from generation to generation, in the later stage segregative generation, selects the high yield fine individual plant.

(6) obtain anti-red spot, high yield broad bean kind or strain:, carry out directive breeding and obtain high anti-red spot broad bean kind or strain through too much red spot environment occurred frequently and the screening of high yield pressure of generation.

Below with the broad bean germplasm D2008-3-35 of the anti-red spot of height (2006 at western crop test station, Chongqing broad bean red spot high pressure select the experimental field; From " cloud 147 " strain, obtain the anti-red spot mutant of a strain broad bean; Through selfing in continuous 3 years and summer in Guizhou Wei Ningjiadai obtain, broad bean new lines D2008-3-35 stable, high anti-red spot; The disease-resistant grade of its red spot reaches international anti-(HR) standard of height; Be the highest winter broad bean new lines of present red spot resistance) as the resistance parent, further specify the breeding method of anti-red spot broad bean, its step is following:

Obtained crossbreed to eat the broad bean germplasm D2008-3-35 assembly parental combination of large broad bean new varieties " Japanese Da Bai skin " and high anti-red spot raw in (1) 2008 year.

(2) in summer in 2008 in Guizhou prestige peaceful, backcross with crossbreed (♂) and resistance parent D2008-3-35 (♀), in the winter in 2009 backcross progeny BF1 is added generation to BF2, the summer in 2009 continued to add generation and obtains BF3.

(3) 2010 years with backcross hybrid offspring BF3 at western crop test station, Chongqing broad bean red spot high pressure select experimental field (this experimental field annual 15～April 20 November; On average the dew time of staying on broad bean canopy every day surpasses at 9 o'clock in the morning; So far this plot broad bean red spot occurred frequently for years in 2006; Promptly around plant to be detected, plant No. 10 sources of infection as the broad bean red spot recklessly, become No. 10 broad bean kind red spot incidences of disease of Hu greater than 98%, disease index is greater than 75%) plantation of individual plant simple grain; Select anti-red spot broad bean individual plant, obtain anti-red spot broad bean individual plant 23 strains (BF4) altogether.The disease-resistant individual plant of 23 strains is obtained 23 strain systems (BF5) in summer numerous added-generation in 2010.

(4) 2011 with (BF5) subregions plantation of 23 strains system, carry out variety comparative test (as shown in table 1), select therefrom that proterties is stable, the broad bean new lines " 2011-16 " of high yield, high anti-red spot (BF6).Bright pod output 13309.5 kg/ha of these article, bright grain yield 5084.2 kg/ha, bright seed 100-grain weight 355 g, field performance growing way is neat, proterties is consistent.Plant skin white, hilum black, anti-red spot, the stem stalk is sturdy, does not have lodging, and growth potential is strong, the stalk maturation of living, ripe lover.The long 13.2cm of bright pod, wide 2.3cm; The long 2.8cm of bright seed, wide 2.0cm.Become plant height degree 117.8cm, 5.1 of individual plant branches, individual plant bear pods 5.9, several 2.4 of single pod grain.

23 broad bean strains of table 1 are the variety comparative test result

Claims (1)

1. the breeding method of an anti-red spot broad bean, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:

(1) assembly parental combination: select the broad bean germplasm assembly parental combination of good broad bean germplasm of comprehensive proterties and high anti-red spot, obtain crossbreed;

(2) backcross: the broad bean germplasm resistance parent of the high anti-red spot in crossbreed and the step (1) once backcrosses, with backcross progeny BF1 Zi accompany each other the generation to BF2 or BF3;

(3) hyperbaric environment is selected: be chosen in 15～April 20 November, the dew time of staying on the average every day broad bean canopy surpasses at 9 o'clock in the morning, and the plot of broad bean red spot occurred frequently in continuous 3 years;

(4) high pressure screening: backcross hybrid offspring BF2 or BF3 are placed in the hyperbaric environment of step (3), and anti-red spot broad bean individual plant is selected in the plantation of individual plant simple grain;

(5) high yield pressure screening: the anti-red spot broad bean individual plant that filters out is planted at next from generation to generation, in the later stage segregative generation, selects the high yield fine individual plant;

(6) obtain anti-red spot, high yield broad bean kind or strain:, carry out directive breeding and obtain high anti-red spot broad bean kind or strain through too much red spot environment occurred frequently and the screening of high yield pressure of generation.