CN102663997B - Method for implementing orchestral resonance instrument with bass extension effect - Google Patents
Method for implementing orchestral resonance instrument with bass extension effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN102663997B CN102663997B CN 201210100430 CN201210100430A CN102663997B CN 102663997 B CN102663997 B CN 102663997B CN 201210100430 CN201210100430 CN 201210100430 CN 201210100430 A CN201210100430 A CN 201210100430A CN 102663997 B CN102663997 B CN 102663997B
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Abstract
A method for implementing an orchestral resonance instrument with a bass extension effect is designed for solving problems that an existing national bass string instrument is slow in audio vibration, low in volume and dull in tone and a western violin is extremely inharmonious with the style of national music. A stem is designed to be in the shape of a hollow tube and is used as an auxiliary resonance cavity for a barrel which is used as a main resonance cavity, a membrane is a mocking leather membrane, at least six metal strings are uniformly distributed on the tubular stem and the barrel by means of drawing a bow, so that the main resonance cavity and the auxiliary resonance cavity realize a stereoscopic resonance effect, and audio is further filtered by the aid of a loudspeaker opening on the surface of the main resonance cavity and a loudspeaker opening on the surface of the auxiliary resonance cavity. The method for implementing the orchestral resonance instrument with a bass extension effect has the advantages that modern instrumental acoustic theories are applied on the basis of the resonance characteristics of the traditional string instrument, single structures in which a traditional bass Chinese fiddle and a Ke-hu which are used as resonance cavities are fundamentally changed, the stereoscopic resonance effect which is generated by the barrel used as the main circular resonance cavity and the tubular stem used as the auxiliary resonance cavity is highlighted, the audio of the instrument is further filtered by the aid of the loudspeaker opening of the surface of the barrel and the loudspeaker opening on the surface of the hollow stem, noise and murmur are effectively eliminated, and the tone quality, the volume and the tone are more balanced and melodious assuredly.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation method of orchestra, relate in particular to the implementation method that a kind of philharmonic sympathetic response and bass are opened up the orchestra prolonged.Belong to the national musical instruments field.
Background technology:
Along with the continuous propelling of China National orchestra " symphony " process, the bass part is as the pillar of sound equipment in band, and the basis of basic rhythm, play a very important role.Rich bass part is undoubtedly prosperity in counterpoint and strong embodiment.The sound equipment of bass part can make the rhythm of works carry out more firm, outstanding and understand, its powerful sympathetic response makes the whole acoustics of band be able to equilibrium.The bass part " is controlled " and band on certain level, is maintaining a kind of " order " in band, and modern nationality's orchestral music works are increasingly numerous and jumbled, there is no this " order ", and the body of knitting of musical works is difficult to the artistic effect that reaches plentiful, three-dimensional.So reform and research and development China National orchestra bass bowed instrument are important basic problems during national orchestra's " symphony " builds.Since the 1950's, China musical instrument fabricator, national musical instruments concert performers successively research and develop and produce the first generation and second generation bass bowed instrument---and " bass urheen " (recklessly low) and " the bass leather is recklessly ", this is that the national orchestra organizational system of improving Modern Significance has been brought into play positive facilitation.But the factor such as because audio frequency vibration is slow, volume is less, and tone color is low and deep, still have many national music ensembles to use Western violoncello and the contrabass bass part musical instrument as national music ensemble.This,, no matter from aspects such as external form or the warm property of tone color, also all exists the extremely inharmonic situation of the national style had with national music ensemble, does not fundamentally solve the problem of Chinese Musical Instruments " bass ".
Be in particular in the following aspects:
(1) from the developing history of traditional national music, various musical sound musical instruments are all self-existent with single form, or are wind instrument, or are stringed musical instrument.And the national musical instruments of philharmonic sympathetic response, unification also never had.Happy melodious novel national musical instruments that rouse oneself with string music in the urgent need to a collector exactly in the big family of the national orchestra of China.
(2) tone color between Chinese Musical Instruments or lay particular stress on high pitch or lay particular stress on middle pitch, differ greatly, but there is no so far the product of relative ideal for bass.
(3) in traditional China National orchestra, knit body because of the music of the popular single line bar of tradition, there is no functional harmony, there is no what is called " bass part ", therefore various musical instruments take play melody as many, do not have a kind ofly to take on specially that the bass master plays and the role's that accompanies musical instrument yet.Merge very much and there is " symphony " harmony support body language so national orchestra is difficult to play out tone color in the performance to musical works.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is slow for the audio frequency vibration that solves current national bass bowed instrument existence, volume is less, tone color is low and deep, and utilize Western violoncello and the contrabass bass part musical instrument as whole philharmonic society, no matter this is from aspects such as external form or the warm property of tone color, all exist the extremely inharmonic problem of the national style had with national music ensemble, the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument that provides a kind of bass to open up to prolong, the method realizes by following step:
Utilize the aerophone Principles of Acoustics, design the sympathetic response attached cavity of tubulose qin bar as main organ for resonance qin cylinder; The string two ends are placed in respectively He Qintong lower end, tubulose qin bar upper end, by pulling the string of equal section on tubulose qin bar and qin cylinder, make main, attached organ for resonance produce three-dimensional resonance; Several mouths of raising one's voice that go out by master, the multi-direction seal cutting in attached organ for resonance surface again, further filtered audio frequency; Vibrations epithelium on the qin cylinder adopts artificial imitative sound epithelium design technology, the body integral material is made by narra for strengthening wooden density, tubulose qin bar and other national stringed instruments form unified sound equipment quality, realize musical instrument tonequality, volume and tone color harmony, to qin masthead end, processing is processed and is formed the hollow out diffusion type on this basis, and then resonance of the voice is discharged fully, form bass and open up the pipe prolonged, the novel sympathetic response musical instrument of string unification.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention is on the basis of traditional bowed instrument resonance of the voice feature, fully use modern musical instrument acoustic theory, fundamentally changed traditional bass Chinese fiddle and the structure of leather Hu using the qin cylinder as the organ for resonance single type, given prominence to the circular organ for resonance of main body (qin cylinder) and produced the three-dimensional design concept that resonates with the attached organ for resonance of tubulose (qin bar).Simultaneously, go out traditional seal cutting element pattern in main organ for resonance (qin cylinder) surface design, and hide several mouths of raising one's voice in pattern, the musical instrument audio frequency is further filtered, effectively subdue noise and noise, thereby guaranteed that tonequality, volume and tone color are more balanced and melodious.
Setting to effective range: the setting to effective range is the key of this problem development, embody " symphony " music thinking because the contemporary music works are outstanding and traditional single line bar musical features has larger difference, therefore, composer, conductor and players are also more and more higher to the requirement of musical instrument sound performance.Through the measuring and calculating of the science to the bass audio frequency, the range of the present invention of called after " Shu Geqin " is set in three and half octave range, that is: in one group of large word, large word group, small character group and one group of range scope of small character, wherein effectively playing range is C----a2.Improve violone tonequality, made it perfection incorporate band, can carry out solo by distinct personality again.Therefore, be no matter with six roots of sensation string or all can complete the performance demand of nearly all musical works with eight strings, and plentiful mellow and sturdy, the resonance vibration of bass area tone color and penetration power strong.
The requirement of tone color characteristics is simple and honest, solid, the sympathetic response sense is strong.The chances are adds the D0 of two lines under the staff bass staff for the limit double bass that at present orchestra exists, (showing it is the C of large word group on piano), limit descant adds the D0 (on piano show be the c of three groups of small characters) of two lines on the staff trble staff, centre four octaves of being separated by.According to the research and development concept of " Shu Geqin ", can reach the range requirement even exceeded in orchestra for the bass part fully.
Improve the poor inferior position of China National orchestra bass, we use for reference west musical instrument manufacturing technology (as principle of resonance, cavity body structure etc.), in conjunction with the Concrete Art form (as tone color, material etc.) of China national stringed instrument, thus form have distinct China National characteristic, bass area is plentiful and mellow sturdy, resonance sympathetic response and penetration power strong, large solid angle and and national musical instruments acoustic propagation, Shu Yage honor and philharmonic unification.
The accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are philharmonic sympathetic response instrument structure schematic diagram in the present invention
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, bass is opened up the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged, and the method realizes by following step:
Utilize the aerophone Principles of Acoustics, design the sympathetic response attached cavity of tubulose qin bar as main organ for resonance qin cylinder; The string two ends are placed in respectively He Qintong lower end, tubulose qin bar upper end, by pulling the string of equal section on tubulose qin bar and qin cylinder, make main, attached organ for resonance produce three-dimensional resonance; Several mouths of raising one's voice that go out by master, the multi-direction seal cutting in attached organ for resonance surface again, further filtered audio frequency; Vibrations epithelium on the qin cylinder adopts artificial imitative sound epithelium design technology, the body integral material is made by narra for strengthening wooden density, tubulose qin bar and other national stringed instruments form unified sound equipment quality, realize musical instrument tonequality, volume and tone color harmony, to qin masthead end, processing is processed and is formed the hollow out diffusion type on this basis, and then resonance of the voice is discharged fully, form bass and open up the pipe prolonged, the novel sympathetic response musical instrument of string unification.
Wherein:
Qin pin bottom described qin cylinder is fixed on is done 360 ° with carriage and is rotatably connected, and reaches the described qin pin of the purpose of freely changing string for the telescopic rod with locking device.
Described string is six roots of sensation string, according to the principle of not changing handle, calculates, and six roots of sensation string can complete the scale of three and half octaves.
Described string is six roots of sensation string, and the increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach four groups of octaves.
Described string is eight strings, and the increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach five groups of octaves.
The described mouth of raising one's voice is designed to the national tradition elements such as dragon and phoenix decorative pattern, auspicious cloud pattern, chess piece, negative and positive, the five-element, Eight Diagrams.
Described tubulose qin bar is provided with multidirectional sound window.
Described string frame is circular, and periphery is evenly equipped with and the corresponding recess of string number, and its material and body are consistent wooden into red sandalwood with material, by string, reach resonance; Be provided with guard shield outside the annular end face of described string frame; By two-way 360 ° of the inboard uniform ball of guard shield and slideway on string frame annular end face, be rotatably connected; And touch string by the breach on guard shield.
Embodiment:
The implementation method that bass is opened up the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged is as follows: after Chinese and Western stringed musical instrument acoustical behavior and materials microstructure are analyzed, utilize the aerophone Principles of Acoustics, design the sympathetic response attached cavity of tubulose qin bar as main organ for resonance qin cylinder.Its lyre structure comprises: main organ for resonance 1 (qin cylinder), the side of qin cylinder is surrounded by qin hymeniderm 12 (imitative sound skin mould is as the boa skin), top panel and bottom surface all adopt narra, the plate seal cutting goes out a plurality of qin cylinders mouthfuls 8 (coordinating resonance) of raising one's voice in the above, the attached organ for resonance 2 of tubulose (red sandalwood xylophone bar) is placed on the qin cylinder, on it, multi-direction seal cutting has sound window 3 (auxiliary vibration), string 7 adopts 6 or 8 metallic cords, utilize shoe brace 6 to support and touch string, change string, play fixing and chord of contact effect by very heavy 4, regulate the height of body by qin pin 9, and jointly realize 360 ° of rotations with carriage 10, bow 13 adopt with the qin body portion from open by design, by horse hair, made.The upper end of string, through string frame 4, is placed on the nut 5 of tubulose qin bar upper end; The lower end of string is placed on the string button 14 of qin cylinder lower end through bridge 11; Pull string by bow, and touch string by the breach on guard shield, make main, attached organ for resonance produce three-dimensional resonance; Several mouths of raising one's voice that go out by master, the multi-direction seal cutting in attached organ for resonance surface again, further filtered audio frequency; Vibrations epithelium on the qin cylinder adopts artificial imitative sound epithelium design technology, form unified sound equipment quality with other national stringed instruments, realize musical instrument tonequality, volume and tone color harmony, to qin masthead end, processing is processed and is formed the hollow out diffusion type on this basis, and then resonance of the voice is discharged fully, form bass and open up the pipe prolonged, the novel sympathetic response musical instrument of string unification.
Wherein:
Described string is six roots of sensation string, according to the principle of not changing handle, calculates, and six roots of sensation string can complete the scale of three and half octaves; Described string is six roots of sensation string, and the increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach four groups of octaves.
Or described string is eight strings, the increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach five groups of octaves.
The described mouth of raising one's voice is designed to the national tradition elements such as dragon and phoenix decorative pattern, auspicious cloud pattern, chess piece, negative and positive, the five-element, Eight Diagrams.
Claims (4)
1. bass is opened up the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged, and the method realizes by following step:
Utilize the aerophone Principles of Acoustics, design the sympathetic response attached cavity of tubulose qin bar as main organ for resonance qin cylinder; The side of described qin cylinder is surrounded by imitative sound qin hymeniderm, and body adopts the preparation of high density narra; The string two ends are placed in respectively He Qintong lower end, tubulose qin bar upper end, and the upper end of string, through the string frame, is placed on the nut of tubulose qin bar upper end; The lower end of string is placed on the string button of qin cylinder lower end through bridge; Pull the string be distributed on tubulose qin bar and qin cylinder by bow, make the master who communicates, attached organ for resonance produce three-dimensional resonance; Several mouths of raising one's voice that go out by master, the multi-direction seal cutting in attached organ for resonance surface again, further filtered audio frequency; Tubulose qin bar and other national stringed instruments form unified sound equipment quality, realize musical instrument tonequality, volume and tone color harmony, to qin masthead end, processing is processed and is formed the hollow out diffusion type on this basis, and then resonance of the voice is discharged fully, form bass and open up the pipe prolonged, the sympathetic response musical instrument of string unification;
Described string is six roots of sensation string, according to the principle of not changing handle, calculates, and six roots of sensation string can complete the scale of three and half octaves; The increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach four groups of octaves; Perhaps string is eight strings, and the increase of descant string is changed the scale that can reach five groups of octaves;
It is circular that the string frame is set, and periphery is evenly equipped with and the corresponding recess of string number, and its material and body are consistent wooden into the high density red sandalwood with material, by string, reach resonance; Be provided with guard shield outside the annular end face of described string frame; By two-way 360 ° of the inboard uniform ball of guard shield and slideway on string frame annular end face, be rotatably connected; And touch string by the breach on guard shield.
2. bass according to claim 1 is opened up the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged, it is characterized in that: the qin pin bottom described qin cylinder is fixed on is done 360 ° with carriage and is rotatably connected, and reaches the described qin pin of the purpose of freely changing string for the telescopic rod with locking device.
3. bass according to claim 1 is opened up the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged, and it is characterized in that: the described mouth of raising one's voice is designed to dragon and phoenix decorative pattern, auspicious cloud pattern, chess piece, negative and positive, the five-element or Eight Diagrams national tradition element.
4. bass according to claim 1 is opened up the implementation method of the philharmonic sympathetic response musical instrument prolonged, and it is characterized in that: described tubulose qin bar is provided with multidirectional sound window.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201210100430 CN102663997B (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2012-04-06 | Method for implementing orchestral resonance instrument with bass extension effect |
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| CN 201210100430 CN102663997B (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2012-04-06 | Method for implementing orchestral resonance instrument with bass extension effect |
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| CN102663997A CN102663997A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
| CN102663997B true CN102663997B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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| CN105185356B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-05-07 | 张辉 | A kind of software violoncello |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6998523B1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2006-02-14 | Devuono Thomas J | End pin for a stringed musical instrument or other acoustic device |
| CN1928988A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-03-14 | 张东海 | Sound box type string bar |
| CN201584145U (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-09-15 | 贺富明 | Novel urheen |
| JP3168797U (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-06-30 | 哲男 新谷 | Bobbin member |
| CN102347018A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | 倪少波 | Orchestral instrument |
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2012
- 2012-04-06 CN CN 201210100430 patent/CN102663997B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6998523B1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2006-02-14 | Devuono Thomas J | End pin for a stringed musical instrument or other acoustic device |
| CN1928988A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-03-14 | 张东海 | Sound box type string bar |
| CN201584145U (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-09-15 | 贺富明 | Novel urheen |
| CN102347018A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | 倪少波 | Orchestral instrument |
| JP3168797U (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-06-30 | 哲男 新谷 | Bobbin member |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP实用新案登陆第3168797号U 2011.06.30 |
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