CN102659627A - 复合物、取向材料、取向膜以及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
复合物、取向材料、取向膜以及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种复合物、取向材料、取向膜以及制备方法和应用。所述复合物通式为A-B-C-B’-D,其中,A表示光反应端基,B、B’相同或不同,表示单键或碳原子数为1~6的直链烷基,C表示烷氧基联苯基、胆固醇的脂肪酸酯基、希夫碱基、偶氮苯基、二苯乙烯基、二苯乙炔基、联苯基、联三苯基,D表示无聚合活性的端基。所述取向材料含有所述复合物。利用本发明的取向材料能够改善液晶面板的取向效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合物、取向材料以及由该取向材料形成的取向膜,还涉及该取向膜的制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在液晶面板的制作过程中,通常利用均一排布的取向膜实现对液晶分子的定向,而液晶定向的均一性直接影响着显示器的品质。针对取向膜的取向技术,目前,工业上采用传统的摩擦取向技术和近年来发展起来的非摩擦取向技术。其中,摩擦取向技术是在液晶面板的制作工艺中利用高速旋转的摩擦辊摩擦形成于基板表面的取向膜,从而使取向膜分子沿摩擦方向均一定向排列。摩擦取向技术工艺简单,易于工业化生产。但是,同时也存在以下缺点:在摩擦过程中产生大量的灰尘微粒,对取向膜和器件都会产生不良影响,并且需要后续工艺进行处理,增加了工艺时间和成本;在摩擦过程中产生静电,对TFT-LCD的晶体管会造成击穿;应用于大面积基板时,难以控制摩擦的均匀性等。目前常用的非摩擦取向技术主要是光控取向技术。光控取向技术可以避免由于静电、灰尘所造成的污染,并且可以改善显示器件的视角问题。
已知有一种液晶显示设备的取向层,如图1所示,该取向层由已聚合的反应性液晶元形成,该已聚合的反应性液晶元包括液晶元、在该液晶元的端部处的柔性间隔物,以及在该柔性间隔物的端部处的光反应端基。并且还已知一种制造取向层的方法,该方法包括:在基板上沉积取向材料,该取向材料包括上述反应性液晶元和光引发剂;向该取向材料施加沿预定方向的电场;以及向施加了电场的取向材料施加UV光,以使该光反应端基彼此聚合。但是,当照射UV光时,两端光反应端基随机发生聚合反应,不仅产生主反应的聚合物网络结构,还将发生副反应,导致生成不必要的副产物。该副产物将会影响接触到的液晶,从而导致取向效果不良。
发明内容
为了改善液晶面板的取向效果,本发明提供以下技术方案。
式(1)所示的复合物,
A-B-C-B’-D (1)
其中,A表示光反应端基,所述光反应端基优选为丙烯酸酯基或丙烯酸甲酯基,B、B’相同或不同,表示单键或碳原子数为1~6的直链烷基,例如为己基,C表示烷氧基联苯基、胆固醇的脂肪酸酯基、希夫碱基、偶氮苯基、二苯乙烯基、二苯乙炔基、联苯基、联三苯基,D表示无聚合活性的端基,例如为氰基。
一种取向材料,包含上述式(1)所示的复合物。
本发明还提供一种取向膜,其由上述取向材料形成。
上述取向膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
在基板上涂布上述取向材料,形成取向膜,然后对所述取向膜施加电场,向所述取向膜照射紫外光。
其中,所述电场的电压值例如为5~15V,所述紫外光的照射强度例如为0.05~3J/cm2。
本发明还提供利用上述取向膜制备得到的液晶面板,以及包括该液晶面板的显示装置。
另外,本发明还涉及上述取向材料在制作液晶面板中的应用
如图2所示,本发明的取向材料的光反应端基发生聚合反应形成一层稳定的聚合物网络结构,聚合物网络结构可以在去掉电场作用后,使取向材料仍能保持设定的预倾角,所以,利用本发明的取向材料制备得到的液晶面板能够有效地改善取向效果。
附图说明
图1是表示用于现有无摩擦取向技术中的取向材料及其反应原理的示意图;
图2是表示本发明的取向材料及其反应原理的示意图;
图3a~图3c是表示液晶面板的制备过程的示意图。符合说明
2.取向层
3.液晶层
4.无聚合活性的端基
5.光反应端基
5’.聚合物网络结构
11.阵列基板
21.彩膜基板
具体实施方式
以下列举具体实施例说明本发明的取向材料的制备方法,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
取向材料的制备
向500mL三口瓶中加入130mL无水乙醇与130mL蒸馏水,并向其中加入0.1mol 4-氰基-4′-羟基联苯和0.2mol 1,6-二溴己烷。在搅拌状态下水浴加热回流。待全部溶解后,向其中缓慢滴加40mL氢氧化钾(0.25mol)的乙醇水溶液(以体积比计,乙醇∶水=1∶1)。滴加结束后,继续反应4小时。停止反应,趁热抽滤,得白色固体,干燥后用1,2-二氯乙烷重结晶,得白色片状晶体即4-氰基-4′-(6-溴己氧基)联苯。
1H-NMR(200MHz、CDCl3):δ1.446(4H,m),1.784(2H,m),1.817(2H,m),3.431(2H,q),3.991(2H,q),6.945(4H,m),7.452(4H,m)。
向250mL三口烧瓶中加入0.05mol丙烯酸钾、0.025mol 4氰基4′-(6溴己氧基)联苯、0.2g四丁基溴化铵和180mL经干燥处理的N,N二甲基甲酰胺,氮气保护下一边进行机械搅拌一边升温至60℃,反应48小时。停止反应后,自然冷却至室温,过滤,除去生成的盐(溴化钾),将滤液蒸发除去溶剂,得固体,水洗该固体,干燥后得粗品。在无水乙醇中对所得的粗品进行重结晶,得白色固体、即4-氰基-4′-(6-丙烯酸酯基己氧基)联苯。1H-NMR(200MHz、CDCl3):δ1.463~1.861(8H,m),3.972~4.025(2H,m),4.156~4.253(2H,m),5.801(1H,d),6.060(1H,q),6.377(1H,dd),6.922~7.547(8H,m)。
液晶面板的制备
将涂有取向膜的阵列基板11和彩膜基板21对盒,并使液晶盒厚控制在3.6μm。向其中滴入Chisso ZBE-5129XX液晶(Δn=0.103),形成液晶层3,然后封口,清洗。
如图3b所示,在阵列基板11和彩膜基板21之间垂直施加10V左右的电压,然后在约230℃下分别向两侧取向层照射强度为0.05~3J/cm2(例如3J/cm2)的UV光,照射时间为15min-30min(例如为20min),此时,如图3c所示,取向膜中的光反应端基5彼此聚合,形成聚合物网络结构5’,从而制备得到液晶面板。
比较例
利用取向材料SE-6414(Nissan制),按照传统的摩擦取向技术制备取向膜。并使用与实施例1相同的基板和液晶制备液晶面板。
利用显微镜对实施例1和比较例中制备得到的液晶面板进行观察。
比较例中的液晶面板出现明显的晶畴,而实施例1中的液晶面板未出现该现象,并且,实施例1中的液晶面板取向效果均匀一致。这是因为使用本发明的取向膜可以避免摩擦过程中产生的灰尘对取向效果的影响,并且使用本发明的一端为光反应端基5、另一端为无聚合活性的端基4的取向材料可避免副反应产物对取向效果的影响,从而达到了良好的取向效果。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的构思和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (10)
1.式(1)所示的复合物,
A-B-C-B’-D (1)
其中,A表示光反应端基,B、B’相同或不同,表示单键或碳原子数为1~6的直链烷基,C表示烷氧基联苯基、胆固醇的脂肪酸酯基、希夫碱基、偶氮苯基、二苯乙烯基、二苯乙炔基、联苯基、联三苯基,D表示无聚合活性的端基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合物,其特征在于,在式(1)中,A表示丙烯酸酯基或丙烯酸甲酯基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合物,其特征在于,在式(1)中,B表示己基,B’表示单键,C表示联苯基,D表示氰基。
4.一种取向材料,其特征在于,包含权利要求1~3中任一项所述的复合物。
5.一种取向膜,其特征在于,由权利要求4所述的取向材料形成。
6.一种制备权利要求5所述的取向膜的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在基板上涂布权利要求4所述的取向材料,形成取向膜,
对所述取向膜施加电场,
向所述取向膜照射紫外光。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述电场的电压值为5~15V,所述紫外光的照射强度为0.05~3J/cm2,照射时间为15min~30min。
8.一种液晶面板,其特征在于,包括权利要求5所述的取向膜。
9.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求8所述的液晶面板。
10.权利要求4所述的取向材料在制作液晶面板中的应用。
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WO2013143333A1 (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 复合物、取向材料、取向膜以及制备方法和应用 |
WO2014190735A1 (zh) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 取向和平坦化材料组合物,含有其的显示装置及显示颜色调整方法 |
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US20100044632A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2010-02-25 | Daniel Antonio Sahade | Bifunctional polymerizable compound, polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and oriented film |
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JPS6270407A (ja) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-03-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 配向膜の作成方法 |
US7378135B2 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-05-27 | Chisso Corporation | Polymerizable liquid crystal composition and optically anisotropic thin film |
US20100044632A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2010-02-25 | Daniel Antonio Sahade | Bifunctional polymerizable compound, polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and oriented film |
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WO2013143333A1 (zh) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 复合物、取向材料、取向膜以及制备方法和应用 |
WO2014190735A1 (zh) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 取向和平坦化材料组合物,含有其的显示装置及显示颜色调整方法 |
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