CN102649648A - Solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer and preparation process - Google Patents
Solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer and preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102649648A CN102649648A CN2012101102198A CN201210110219A CN102649648A CN 102649648 A CN102649648 A CN 102649648A CN 2012101102198 A CN2012101102198 A CN 2012101102198A CN 201210110219 A CN201210110219 A CN 201210110219A CN 102649648 A CN102649648 A CN 102649648A
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- fertilizer
- silicon composite
- solid water
- composite fertilizer
- phosphoric acid
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Abstract
The invention provides a solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer, and also discloses a preparation process of the composite fertilizer. Potash water glass of potassium silicate is used as a base material, urea and sugar are mixed and added to be dissolved into solution dilutedly, and then the mixture and diluted phosphoric acid are prepared into the fertilizer through a nozzle by using an air granulation method. The fertilizer is a neutral slow release fertilizer; the solid water ball contains more than 80 percent of water; the fertilizer can be fed together with seeds during mechanical seeding; the effects of resisting against drought in spring and improving the rate of emergence can be achieved, and the fertilizer is convenient to use; and the problem of solidification of the silicon composite fertilizer is solved and the defect of influence on crop growth due to over high alkalinity of the conventional liquid silicon fertilizer is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer, also discloses the preparation technology of this composite fertilizer simultaneously, belongs to solid water neutral solution fertilizer technology field.
Technical background
At agricultural technology field, silicon is that farm crop normal growths such as water paddy and wheat class, corn, soybean, peanut are grown indispensable nutrition, is the 4th kind of required element of plant after nitrogen phosphorus potassium.So, increase and execute siliceous fertilizer farm crop are had significant production-increasing function.Yet the peasant lacks general understanding to the importance of siliceous fertilizer for a long time, has ignored the input of siliceous fertilizer, has caused to lack silicon in the soil, so silicon has become influences the limiting factor that crop is captured stable high yield.We must see that silicon is the important nutritive element that plant materials is formed, if produce a metric ton paddy; Paddy rice portion on the ground will absorb the siliceous fertilizer amount and reaches 150 kilograms, surpass the summation of paddy rice absorbed nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and grain yield is high more; Applied nitrogen is many more, and the demand of siliceous fertilizer is big more.
Along with people's is to the improve of siliceous fertilizer understanding of importance, also increasing in China's siliceous fertilizer class patent, and then adopting potassium silicate like patent ZL200810238522 is that base-material cooperates after the xanthohumic acid hybrid reaction; Obtain the silicon trace element compound fertilizer with the EDTA chelated microelement again, be liquid state, alkalescence is very big; Its pH value is up to about 12; Therefore, the infringement to farm crop when using is bigger, is unfavorable for the growth of crop.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer, has solved the solidification problem and the excessive shortcoming that influences plant growth of traditional liquid siliceous fertilizer alkalescence of silicon composite fertilizer.
The present invention also provides the preparation technology of this composite fertilizer, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
The present invention discloses a kind of solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer, and it is following to it is characterized in that containing following staple ratio:
H
4SiO
4: 1, N:0.1～0.4, P
2O
5: 0.3～0.5, K
2O:0.4～0.7, glucose 0.2～0.5.
The preparation technology of composite fertilizer of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) will contain SiO
2(15 ~ 25) %, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% (M3.9) adds (20 ~ 30) L and contains (1000 ~ 1800) g urea soln and 10L (5 ~ 10) % glucose solution after adding four times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid;
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air, the gelling of spherolite dropping process forms solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer and falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4 。
The present invention selects suitable base-material, and starting material just set out: element silicon is got 4 valencys in the compound of silicon, its compound water-soluble relatively poor.The water-soluble alkalimetal silicate that belongs to preferably in the silicon compound is like Li
2SiO
3, K
2SiO
3, Na
2SiO
3And fluorochemical.Na
2SiO
3Water-soluble good, but contain a large amount of sodium ions, it is difficult to handle, and also is prone to bring harm to crop.K
2SiO
3Be water-soluble, and contain two kinds of fertilizer elements, and strong basicity, but easy processing treatment is chosen as the base-material of making silicon composite fertilizer to it.
Next selects the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer element compound: because the strong basicity of base-material potassium silicate, the ammonium attitude is prone to become NH
3Volatilization loss is fallen, so select urea NH
2CONH
2Phosphate fertilizer will be considered and be difficult for deposition and the neutralization of strong basicity base-material and the gelling solidification of composite fertilizer etc., select phosphoric acid.
Then, consider the one's water breaks of solid water: this will be by means of the mikrobe in the soil, and ability and the maximum yeast of strength in especially the inorganic fertilizer fermentation being organised are for existence and the active yeast diet carbohydrate of having selected of bacterium.
What the present invention will solve is the solidification problem of silicon composite fertilizer.What we selected is the gel type solid water of accomplishing easily.As everyone knows, gel is a kind of existence form of colloidal, also is a kind of special shape of dispersion system, will lean on intermolecular valence bond to comprehensive silicon colloidal sol, forms reticulated structure.The same with liquid, gel also can be used as dispersive medium.Almost as broad as long in velocity of diffusion and the neat liquid of small molecules in the lower concentration gel.When gel strength was big, the velocity of diffusion of material diminished.Though there is not convection current in the gel, still have diffusibility, also chemical reaction can take place just in gel.
Positively effect of the present invention is:Potash water glass with potassium silicate is a base-material, and mixing adding urea and malt sugar are released and be dissolved into after the solution, utilize the manufacturing of air comminution granulation through nozzle together with dilute phosphoric acid.The present invention is neutral slow-release fertilizer, and the solid water polo contains the moisture content more than 80%, can follow seed blanking together during mechanical planting, can play the drought resisting in spring and improve seedling rate, and is easy to use; The solidification problem and the excessive shortcoming that influences plant growth of traditional liquid siliceous fertilizer alkalescence of silicon composite fertilizer have been solved.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with concrete instance.
Embodiment 1:
1) will contain SiO
225%, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% (M3.9) adds 20L and contains 1000g urea soln and 10L5% glucose solution after adding four times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid.
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air; Because of nozzle and more than the receiver drop 3m, spherolite gelling in 3m lowering time formation solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4
This solid water polo contains 94.3% water and contains fertile 5.7% and contain sugar 0.6%, and the weight ratio of components is for being:
H
4SiO:N:P
2O
5: K
2O: glucose=1:0.18:0.30:0.40:0.20.
Embodiment 2
1) will contain SiO
220%, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% adds 20L and contains 1000g urea soln and 10L5% glucose solution after adding four times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid.
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air; Because of nozzle and more than the receiver drop 3m, spherolite gelling in 3m lowering time formation solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4
This solid water polo contains 94.9% water and contains fertile 5.1% and contain sugar 0.6%, and the weight ratio of components is for being:
H
4SiO:N:P
2O
5: K
2O: glucose=1:0.23:0.37:0.50:0.25.
Embodiment 3:
Embodiment 3:
1) will contain SiO
215%, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% adds 20L and contains 1000g urea soln and 10L5% glucose solution after adding four times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid.
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air; Because of nozzle and more than the receiver drop 3m, spherolite gelling in 3m lowering time formation solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4
This solid water polo contains 95.5% water and contains fertile 4.5% and contain sugar 0.6%, and the weight ratio of components is for being:
H
4SiO:N:P
2O
5: K
2O: glucose=1:0.31:0.49:0.66:0.33.
Embodiment 4:
1) will contain SiO
220%, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% adds 30L and contains 1740g urea soln and 10L10% glucose solution after adding three times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid.
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air; Because of nozzle and more than the receiver drop 3m, spherolite gelling in 3m lowering time formation solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4
This solid water polo contains 94.5% water and contains fertile 5.5% and contain sugar 1.2%, and the weight ratio of components is for being:
H
4SiO:N:P
2O
5: K
2O: glucose=1:0.40:0.40:0.45:0.5.
Test Example 1
2011 in the Nongan County Dragon King township; Implemented in 5 mu of paddy fields to test by the solid water polo composite fertilizer effect of embodiment 1,2,3,4 preparations respectively; Another piece paddy field (1 mu) does not have embodiment of the present invention fertilizer as comparison, and has carried out rate ratio under other planting conditions same case.
Implementing the ground practice is, paddy rice seedling on the 10th 30cm that grows tall is crossed in the rice transplantings simultaneously of two paddy fields on May 28; 22 kilograms of solid water polo of the present invention composite fertilizers have been used; For the second time be before going out fringe July 30 used 88 kilograms of solid water polo of the present invention composite fertilizers, the 3rd time August 20 used again 66 kilograms of solid water polo composite fertilizers totally 3 times 176 kilograms, comparative result is calculated in the harvesting back: rice yield of the present invention is 750 kilograms; Contrast paddy field output is 650 kilograms, raising the output 15.3%.
Conclusion: composite fertilizer of the present invention has tangible production-increasing function.
| Applying fertilizer | The place | Output/kilogram | Dose/kilogram | Raising the output 1% |
| Embodiment 1 | Dragon King township | 750 | 176 | 15．3 |
| Embodiment 2 | Dragon King township | 743 | 196 | 14．3 |
| Embodiment 3 | Dragon King township | 739 | 222 | 13．6 |
| Embodiment 4 | Dragon King township | 720 | 182 | 10．7 |
| The check plot | Dragon King township | 650 | 0 | ? |
。
Claims (2)
1. solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer, it is following to it is characterized in that containing following staple ratio:
H
4SiO
4: 1, N:0.1～0.4, P
2O
5: 0.3～0.5, K
2O:0.4～0.7, glucose 0.2～0.5.
2. like the preparation method of claims 1 said solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) will contain SiO
2(15 ~ 25) %, K
2The potash water glass 10L of O10% (M3.9) adds (20 ~ 30) L and contains (1000 ~ 1800) g urea soln and 10L (5 ~ 10) % glucose solution after adding four times of water dilutions, mixes and is dissolved into silicon composite sol liquid;
2) proportion 1.7g/cm
33 times of 600mL phosphoric acid dilutions; Silicon composite solution and dilute phosphoric acid are pumped into respectively in two LP cylinders, feed pressurized air respectively, press in the cylinder to maintain 0.1-0.2MPa; Open valve gets in the nozzle phosphoric acid and silicon composite sol liquid simultaneously, in the short mix with form mixed sols; Drip into spherolite through nozzle freely falling body in air, the gelling of spherolite dropping process forms solid water polo silicon composite fertilizer and falls into receiver, and reaction conditions is: PH6～7; 20 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature, reaction formula is following:
K
2O·mSiO
2+H
3PO
4→KH
2PO
4+mH
4SiO
4 。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210110219 CN102649648B (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2012-04-16 | Solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer and preparation process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210110219 CN102649648B (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2012-04-16 | Solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer and preparation process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102649648A true CN102649648A (en) | 2012-08-29 |
| CN102649648B CN102649648B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
Family
ID=46691778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210110219 Expired - Fee Related CN102649648B (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2012-04-16 | Solid water ball silicon composite fertilizer and preparation process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102649648B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826914A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 覃柏立 | Slow-release water supply type fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN112830846A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 成都子之源绿能科技有限公司 | Silicon dioxide aerogel slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102826914A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 覃柏立 | Slow-release water supply type fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN112830846A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 成都子之源绿能科技有限公司 | Silicon dioxide aerogel slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102649648B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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