CN102630541B

CN102630541B - Cultivating method for winter jujube tree

Info

Publication number: CN102630541B
Application number: CN201210119802.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛敬元; 薛占堂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-04-23
Filing date: 2012-04-23
Publication date: 2014-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-23
Also published as: CN102630541A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivating method for a winter jujube tree and relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The cultivating method comprises the following steps: 1) furrow application for wet chicken manure: performing furrow application for wet chicken manure during the dormancy stage of the winter jujube tree; 2) watering: watering for one time in the last ten days of the dormancy stage of the winter jujube tree; 3) watering: watering after the winter jujube tree enters flowering phase and watering for one time in the early flowering phase; 4) spraying pesticides: spraying pesticides after the winter jujube tree enters later flowering phase; 5) watering: watering for one time after the winter jujube tree enters young fruit period; and 6) watering: after the percentage of fertile fruit of the winter jujube tree is above 90%, watering one time per day, and stopping watering at the moment of frost descent. The cultivating method has the advantages that: the annular furrow application for wet chicken manure is adopted; after watering is performed, the absorbable nutrition of the wet chicken manure is directly absorbed by the root system of the winter jujube tree; according to the annular furrow application method, the absorbing area of the root system is increased; the nutrient is more sufficient; the yield of single plant is efficiently increased; 10-15kg of dry winter jujubes are generated by a ten-year tree; the sugar content is about 40%; and the dry winter jujubes are directly obtained by airing.

Description

Winter jujube tree breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to fruit-tree breeding technical field.

Background technology

That winter jujube is eaten raw is good to eat, skin is crisp, fine and tender taste quality is splendid, is that the top grade in current northern deciduous is eaten kind raw; After maturation, fall to the ground and can ftracture; Juice is many without slag, sweet delicate fragrance; Soluble solid 35-38%, the thick core of meat is little, and edible rate reaches 96.1%.

Winter jujube vegetal pole is abundant.The amino acid that contains 19 kinds of needed by human such as asparatate, threonine, serine, total content is 0.985mg/100g; Containing protein 1.65%; Dietary fiber 2.3%, total amount 17.%; General flavone 0.26%; Nicotinic acid 0.87mg/100g; Carotin 1.1mg/kg; Vitamin B1 0.1mg/kg; Vitamin B2 2.2mg/kg; Ascorbic content is especially abundant, reaches 352mg/100g; 70 times of apple Vitamin C content, 100 times of pears, 20 times of golden jujube, have the good reputation of " vitamin pill of living ".

In addition, winter-jujube fruit also contains the various trace elements such as more VitAVitE, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, have keep capillary unimpeded, prevent the function that vascular wall fragility increases, effective in cure for hypertension, Atheromatosis disease, have effect of anti-cancer.Nutritive value is the hat of all kinds of fruits, has the title of " all kinds of fruits king ".But because winter jujube tree breeding method is backward at present, if jujube tree entered normally and bloomed perennial winter, the result stage, carry out the whole year topdressing for 3 times, respectively in the budding period, fruiting period, fruit expanding period, before germination mainly taking nitrogenous fertilizer as main, the phase of bearing fruit is mainly with nitrogen, phosphorus is main, fruit expanding period is wanted nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium combines, main the concentrating of watering carried out three times, before the budding period, before florescence and young fruit period respectively water once, all to irrigate for three times, can only reach 10 kilograms of fresh winter jujubes with single winter jujube tree output of current winter jujube tree breeding method, and current winter jujube can only be sold as eating fruit raw, be difficult to obtain dry winter jujube by natural method, unreasonable owing to watering in addition, fruit is full not, sugar content can only reach 20% left and right.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of winter method for cultivating Chinese jujube, by execute wet chicken manure in resting stage, improve the sugar content of fruit, optimize field management method, improve single winter jujube tree output, fruit is fuller, and can obtain dry winter jujube by direct airing, without obtain dry winter jujube by industrialized production.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of winter jujube tree breeding method, comprises the following steps:

1) the wet chicken manure of ditch spread, the wet chicken manure of ditch spread when the winter, jujube tree was in hibernation, around trunk, excavation width is the ring-type fertilizer holding tank of 20 centimetres, and the external diameter of fertilizer holding tank is 50 centimetres, and fertilizer holds 20 centimetres of groove depths, and the chicken manure that will wet fills up holding tank; The winter jujube tree that belongs to the examination fruit phase is executed wet chicken manure 15-20 kilogram/; In the winter of the fruiting period jujube tree weight of executing wet chicken manure be the winter single of last year jujube tree produce 1/2nd of winter jujube weight;

2) water, the winter jujube tree water once in be in hibernation last ten days, and water and stay water 1-2 centimetre to ground;

3) water, after the winter, jujube tree entered the florescence, water, water once coming into bloom, water and stay water 1-2 centimetre to ground;

4) spray insecticide, spraying insecticide after the winter, jujube tree entered full-bloom stage;

5) water, the winter jujube tree after entering young fruit period, water once, water and stay water 1-2 centimetre to ground;

6) water, when winter fruit setting rate of date trees reaches 90% when above, water every day once and only water in the executing wet chicken manure region described in step 1), during to the Frost's Descent, stop watering.

In the wet chicken manure using in described step 1), total nitrogen content is more than or equal to 1.2%, and phosphorous oxide content is more than or equal to 1%, and potassium oxide content is more than or equal to 2.1%, and the content of organic matter is 27%, and water content is more than or equal to 5.6%.

Described resting stage refers to March in November, 1 to next year; The described florescence refers to June then; Described young fruit period refers to July then; The described examination fruit phase refers to the front 1-2 of winter jujube tree setting; Described fruiting period refers to that winter jujube tree setting is more than 2 years.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: by the fertilising of excuting a law at resting stage employing annular groove, and fertilizer is wet chicken manure, after watering, the absorbed nutrient of wet chicken manure can directly absorb by winter jujube tree root system, and annular groove is excuted a law and can be increased root absorbing area, and nutrient is more sufficient, can effectively improve single output and sugar content, 20 jin of dry winter jujubes of 10 years age of trees, sugar content can reach 40% left and right, and common winter jujube can only be eaten raw, expect dry winter jujube, need to adopt suitability for industrialized production; By watering once every day reach 90% at winter fruit setting rate of date trees after, approximately water two months, increase winter jujube tree moisture absorption amount, fruit is fuller.

Embodiment

In sum, the open a kind of winter jujube tree breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

1) the wet chicken manure of ditch spread, the wet chicken manure of ditch spread when the winter, jujube tree was in hibernation, around trunk, excavation width is that 20 centimetres of external diameters are in the form of a ring the fertilizer holding tank of 50 centimetres, holds 20 centimetres of groove depths, and wet ditch spread chicken manure is filled up to holding tank; The winter jujube tree that belongs to the examination fruit phase is executed wet chicken manure 15-20 kilogram/; In the winter of fruiting period jujube tree the amount of executing wet chicken manure be the winter single of last year jujube tree produce 1/2nd of winter jujube weight;

5) water, winter jujube waters once after entering young fruit period, waters and stays water 1-2 centimetre to ground;

6) water, when winter fruit setting rate of date trees reaches 90% when above, water every day once and only water in the fertilising region described in step 1), during to the Frost's Descent, stop watering.

The fertilizer using in described step 1) is wet chicken manure, and in wet chicken manure, total nitrogen content is more than or equal to 1.2%, and phosphorous oxide content is more than or equal to 1%, and potassium oxide content is more than or equal to 2.1%, and the content of organic matter is 27%, and water content is more than or equal to 5.6%.

Winter, jujube tree was divided into eight stages according to annual Plant period, on November, upper 1-be resting stage March then, be the budding period April, and be the leaf stretching period of branching out May, and be the florescence June, be young fruit period July, be fruit expanding period August, and be the fruit color phase September, and be the fructescence October, generally can pluck in October, pluck after complete and enter next cycle period since November; Innovative point of the present invention is the selection of fertilizing method, fertilizer and the frequency and water the selection of the water yield of watering; By the fertilising of excuting a law at resting stage employing annular groove, and fertilizer is wet chicken manure, after watering, the absorbed nutrient of wet chicken manure can directly absorb by winter jujube tree root system, annular groove is excuted a law and can be increased root absorbing area, nutrient is more sufficient, can effectively improve single output, average every jujube tree can produce 20 jin-30 kilograms of dry winter jujubes, and directly can obtain dry winter jujube by airing, current winter jujube can only, as eating fruit raw, be difficult to store, and expect dry winter jujube, need to be by means of suitability for industrialized production, sugar content can reach 40% left and right; By watering once every day reach 90% at winter fruit setting rate of date trees after, increase winter jujube tree moisture absorption amount, make fruit fuller, the dry winter jujube obtaining by airing is more prone to store.

Claims

1. a winter jujube tree breeding method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

6) water, when winter fruit setting rate of date trees reaches 90% when above, water every day once and only in step 1) the described wet chicken manure region of executing waters, during to the Frost's Descent, stops watering; Described step 1) in the wet chicken manure that uses total nitrogen content be more than or equal to 1.2%, phosphorous oxide content is more than or equal to 1%, potassium oxide content is more than or equal to 2.1%, the content of organic matter is 27%, water content is more than or equal to 5.6%; Described resting stage refers to March in November, 1 to next year; The described florescence refers to June then; Described young fruit period refers to July then; The described examination fruit phase refers to the front 1-2 of winter jujube tree setting; Described fruiting period refers to that winter jujube tree setting is more than 2 years.