CN102626087A - Kasugamycin and tebuconazole compounded bactericide - Google Patents
Kasugamycin and tebuconazole compounded bactericide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，属于农药技术领域。其含有春雷霉素0.1～50%，戊唑醇0.1～70%。上述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂将春雷霉素与戊唑醇复配在一起，防治效果好，经田间试验其防治率可达到96%以上；持续性强，防治水稻、小麦稻瘟病用药后14天，其防治率可达到90%以上。The invention discloses a kasugamycin and tebuconazole compound fungicide, which belongs to the technical field of pesticides. It contains 0.1-50% of kasugamycin and 0.1-70% of tebuconazole. The above-mentioned compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole combines kasugamycin and tebuconazole, which has a good control effect, and its control rate can reach more than 96% through field tests; it has strong persistence and can control rice 14 days after treatment of wheat and rice blast, the control rate can reach more than 90%.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种可用于防治水稻稻瘟病等多种作物病害的春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂。 The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular relates to a kasugamycin-tebuconazole compound fungicide which can be used for preventing and treating various crop diseases such as rice blast.
背景技术 Background technique
水稻稻瘟病又称稻热病、火烧瘟、叩头瘟。分布在全国各稻区，主要为害叶片、茎秆、穗部。因为害时期、部位不同，分为苗瘟、叶瘟、节瘟、穗颈瘟、谷粒瘟。稻瘟病是水稻重要病害之一，可引起大幅度减产，严重时减产40%～50%，甚至颗粒无收。世界各稻区均有发生。本病在我国各地均有发生，其中以叶部、节部发生为多，发生后可造成不同程度减产，尤其穗颈瘟或节瘟发生早而重，可造成白穗以致绝产。近年来，广东稻瘟病年发生面积不少于50万亩，而且出现逐年增加趋势，局部大爆发并不少见，目前，稻瘟病可能发生在省域内的任何年头、任何季节。我国水稻稻瘟病的防治用20%克瘟唑、40%克瘟散乳剂、50%多菌灵或50%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂等在发病前或发病初期喷雾防治。但单用这类杀菌剂在防治水稻稻瘟病时的共同的缺陷是防治效果不太好，也不太稳定。由于水稻稻瘟病在水稻分蘖期至抽穗成熟期只要温度、湿度适宜均可发生，发生期长，而防治药剂的防治效果也不太理想，这样就需要多次、加量喷药，以维持对水稻稻瘟病的控制效果。这样增加了农民生产成本，也加大对环境影响，同时也对农产品质量构成较大影响。 Rice blast is also known as rice fever, fire blast, and kowtow blast. Distributed in various rice areas across the country, it mainly damages leaves, stems, and ears. Because of the different periods and parts of the disease, it can be divided into seedling blast, leaf blast, knot blast, panicle blast, and grain blast. Rice blast is one of the important diseases of rice, which can cause a substantial reduction in yield, and in severe cases, the yield can be reduced by 40% to 50%, or even no grains can be harvested. Occurs in all rice regions of the world. The disease occurs all over our country, most of which occur in the leaves and nodes, and can cause different degrees of yield reduction after occurrence, especially the early and severe occurrence of panicle blast or knot blast, which can cause white ears and even extinction. In recent years, the annual occurrence area of rice blast in Guangdong is not less than 500,000 mu, and it has been increasing year by year. Local outbreaks are not uncommon. At present, rice blast may occur in any year and any season in the province. The control of rice blast in my country is sprayed with 20% clemenazole, 40% gwensan emulsion, 50% carbendazim or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder before or at the early stage of the disease. But the common defect of using this type of bactericide alone when preventing and treating rice blast is that the control effect is not very good and not too stable. Because rice blast can occur from the tillering stage to the heading maturity stage as long as the temperature and humidity are suitable, the occurrence period is long, and the control effect of the control chemicals is not ideal, so it is necessary to spray more times and more to maintain the control effect. Efficacy of rice blast control. This increases the production cost of farmers, also increases the impact on the environment, and also has a greater impact on the quality of agricultural products.
春雷霉素是农用抗菌素类杀菌剂，具有很强的内吸渗透性，同时具有预防和治疗作用，其治疗作用更为显著。春雷霉素的作用机理是干扰病原菌氨基酸代谢的酯酶系统，破坏蛋白质的生物合成，抑制菌丝的生长并造成细胞颗粒化，使病原菌失去繁殖和侵染能力，从而达到杀死病原菌、防治病害的目的。作为一种生物农药，春雷霉素防治稻瘟病有特效。经国内水稻产业多年使用，防效一般均在85％以上，有的地方高达90％。春雷霉素不仅用于防治稻瘟病，还用于防治番茄叶霉病、溃疡病、黄瓜角斑病、枯萎病、炭疽病、柑桔溃疡病、辣椒疮痂病等，效果十分明显。特别是因其对人畜无毒、无残留、无污染，符合现代环保要求，适合生产蔬菜等绿色食品使用，倍受欢迎，被中国绿色食品发展中心推荐为AA级绿色食品生产资料，被农业部列为无公害农产品生产推荐农药，被上海市列为蔬菜标准化工程首推杀菌剂。在国外日本、东南亚诸国、南美等均进口此农药，2000年11月在泰国曼谷“21世纪农牧业科技成果博览会”上，春雷霉素荣获优秀产品金象奖，2008年3月，春雷霉素、阿维菌素两种生物农药被中国名牌战略推进委员会评定为中国名牌产品。 Kasugamycin is an agricultural antibiotic fungicide, which has strong systemic permeability, and has preventive and therapeutic effects at the same time, and its therapeutic effect is more significant. The mechanism of action of kasugamycin is to interfere with the esterase system of amino acid metabolism of pathogenic bacteria, destroy protein biosynthesis, inhibit the growth of mycelia and cause cell granulation, so that pathogenic bacteria lose their ability to reproduce and infect, so as to kill pathogenic bacteria and prevent and control diseases the goal of. As a biopesticide, kasugamycin is effective in controlling rice blast. After many years of use in the domestic rice industry, the control effect is generally above 85%, and in some places it is as high as 90%. Kasugamycin is not only used to prevent and control rice blast, but also to control tomato leaf mold, canker, cucumber angular spot, fusarium wilt, anthracnose, citrus canker, pepper scab, etc., and the effect is very obvious. Especially because it is non-toxic to humans and animals, has no residue, no pollution, meets modern environmental protection requirements, and is suitable for the production of green food such as vegetables. It is listed as the recommended pesticide for the production of pollution-free agricultural products, and is listed as the most recommended fungicide for vegetable standardization projects by Shanghai. Japan, Southeast Asian countries, and South America all imported this pesticide abroad. In November 2000, at the "21st Century Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Achievement Expo" in Bangkok, Thailand, Kasugamycin won the Golden Elephant Award for Excellent Products. In March 2008, Chunlei Mymycin and Abamectin, two bio-pesticides, were appraised as Chinese Famous Brand Products by China Famous Brand Strategy Promotion Committee.
大量的生物学活性研究表明：戊唑醇（Tebuconazole）是属三唑类杀菌剂，是甾醇脱甲基抑制剂，其杀菌机制为抑制病原菌细胞膜上麦角甾醇的去甲基化，使得病原菌无法形成细胞膜，从而杀死病原菌。是用于重要经济作物的种子处理或叶面喷洒的高效杀菌剂，可有效地防治禾谷类作物的 白粉菌属、柄锈菌属、喙孢属、核腔菌属和壳针孢属病菌引起的病害。戊唑醇是一种高效、广谱、内吸性三唑类杀菌剂，具有保护、治疗、铲除三大功能，杀菌谱广、持效期长。本品不仅防效好，而且具有抗倒伏，增产作用明显等特点。已经成为世界上应用广泛的三唑类新兴广谱性杀菌剂代表品种之一。戊唑醇属于低毒杀菌剂，在试验条件下，未见致畸、致癌、致突变作用。 A large number of biological activity studies have shown that Tebuconazole is a triazole fungicide and a sterol demethylation inhibitor. Its bactericidal mechanism is to inhibit the demethylation of ergosterol on the cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria, so that pathogenic bacteria cannot form cell membrane, thereby killing pathogenic bacteria. It is a high-efficiency fungicide used for seed treatment or foliar spraying of important economic crops, and can effectively control the pathogens of the genus Powdery mildew, Puccinia, Coryza, Sclerotinia and Septoria in cereal crops. disease. Tebuconazole is a high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, systemic triazole fungicide, which has three functions of protection, treatment and eradication, with a broad bactericidal spectrum and long-lasting effect. This product not only has good control effect, but also has the characteristics of anti-lodging and obvious effect of increasing production. It has become one of the most widely used triazole emerging broad-spectrum fungicides in the world. Tebuconazole is a low-toxic fungicide, and under the test conditions, no teratogenic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic effects were seen.
但是单独使用春雷霉素或戊唑醇时，存在持效性短，见效性慢等缺点。 However, when using kasugamycin or tebuconazole alone, there are shortcomings such as short lasting effect and slow effect.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于设计提供一种持效性长、防治效果好、速效快且成本低的防治水稻稻瘟病春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂的技术方案。 Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to design and provide a technical scheme for controlling rice blast kasugamycin and tebuconazole compound fungicide with long-lasting effect, good control effect, quick effect and low cost. .
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于含有春雷霉素0.1～50%，戊唑醇0.1～70%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that it contains 0.1-50% of kasugamycin and 0.1-70% of tebuconazole.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为0.5～45%，戊唑醇的含量为0.5～65%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 0.5-45%, and the content of tebuconazole is 0.5-65%.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为0.5～40%，戊唑醇的含量为0.5～40%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 0.5-40%, and the content of tebuconazole is 0.5-40%.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为0.5～30%，戊唑醇的含量为1～30%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 0.5-30%, and the content of tebuconazole is 1-30%.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为1～20%，戊唑醇的含量为2～25%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 1-20%, and the content of tebuconazole is 2-25%.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为1～15%，戊唑醇的含量为2～20%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 1-15%, and the content of tebuconazole is 2-20%.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂，其特征在于春雷霉素的含量为2～10%，戊唑醇的含量为2～15%。 The compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is characterized in that the content of kasugamycin is 2-10%, and the content of tebuconazole is 2-15%.
所述的春雷霉素为已知物质，由吉林省延边春雷生物药业有限公司生产和提供。 The kasugamycin is a known substance, produced and provided by Jilin Yanbian Chunlei Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
所述的戊唑醇为已知物质，由江苏建农农药化工有限公司生产和提供。 The tebuconazole is a known substance, produced and provided by Jiangsu Jiannong Pesticide Chemical Co., Ltd.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂可与现有常规助剂及填充配制成常规的农药剂型，如可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂等等。 The described kasugamycin and tebuconazole compound bactericide can be prepared into conventional pesticide formulations with existing conventional adjuvants and fillers, such as wettable powders, suspension concentrates and the like.
所述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂用于防治水稻稻瘟病的方法为：在水稻稻瘟病发生初期，按照每公顷中春雷霉素和戊唑醇总量10～600克的用量兑水450～900千克喷粗雾。 The method of using the compound fungicide of a kind of kasugamycin and tebuconazole for preventing and treating rice blast is as follows: at the early stage of rice blast, the total amount of kasugamycin and tebuconazole is 10-600 grams per hectare. The dosage is mixed with 450-900 kg of water to spray coarse mist.
上述的一种春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂将春雷霉素与戊唑醇复配在一起，防治效果好，经田间试验其防治率可达到96%以上；持续性强，防治水稻、小麦稻瘟病用药后14天，其防治率可达到90%以上。 The above-mentioned compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole combines kasugamycin and tebuconazole, which has a good control effect, and its control rate can reach more than 96% through field tests; it has strong persistence and can control rice 14 days after treatment of wheat and rice blast, the control rate can reach more than 90%.
本发明中涉及的配比均为有效成分的纯物质的重量百分比。 The ratios involved in the present invention are all the weight percentages of the pure substances of active ingredients.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。本发明的复配农药可采用以下配比进行生产： The present invention is further illustrated below through specific examples. Compound pesticide of the present invention can adopt following proportioning to produce:
配方一： 春雷霉素0.1%,戊唑醇70%。 Formula 1: Kasugamycin 0.1%, Tebuconazole 70%.
配方二： 春雷霉素0.5%，戊唑醇65%。 Formula 2: Kasugamycin 0.5%, Tebuconazole 65%.
配方三： 春雷霉素0.5%，戊唑醇40%。 Formula 3: Kasugamycin 0.5%, Tebuconazole 40%.
配方四： 春雷霉素1%，戊唑醇25%。 Formula 4: Kasugamycin 1%, Tebuconazole 25%.
配方五： 春雷霉素3%，戊唑醇8%。 Formula five: Kasugamycin 3%, Tebuconazole 8%.
配方六： 春雷霉素4%，戊唑醇11%。 Formula 6: Kasugamycin 4%, Tebuconazole 11%.
配方七： 春雷霉素6%，戊唑醇14%。 Formula 7: Kasugamycin 6%, Tebuconazole 14%.
配方八： 春雷霉素7%，戊唑醇18%。 Formula 8: Kasugamycin 7%, Tebuconazole 18%.
配方九： 春雷霉素20%，戊唑醇10%。 Formula 9: Kasugamycin 20%, Tebuconazole 10%.
配方十： 春雷霉素45%，戊唑醇0.5%。 Formula 10: Kasugamycin 45%, Tebuconazole 0.5%.
配方十一：春雷霉素50%，戊唑醇0.1%。 Formula 11: Kasugamycin 50%, Tebuconazole 0.1%.
配置工艺为： The configuration process is:
一、可湿性粉剂按上述比例将春雷霉素和戊唑醇混合，然后加入常规助剂十二烷基萘磺酸钠、荼磺酸甲醛、白炭黑、轻钙等，充分混合后，经过超细粉碎机粉碎后，既得到可湿性粉剂。 1. Wettable powder Mix kasugamycin and tebuconazole according to the above ratio, and then add conventional additives such as sodium dodecyl naphthalene sulfonate, formaldehyde tea sulfonate, white carbon black, light calcium, etc., after fully mixing, after After being pulverized by an ultrafine pulverizer, a wettable powder can be obtained.
二、悬浮剂按上述比例将春雷霉素和戊唑醇混合，然后加入常规助剂甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物、白碳黑、乙二醇、硅酮、水，在砂磨机中，进行碾磨，既得到悬浮剂。 2. Suspending agent Mix kasugamycin and tebuconazole according to the above ratio, then add conventional additives such as sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, white carbon black, ethylene glycol, silicone, water, and mix in a sand mill , and milled to obtain a suspending agent.
试验例 Test case
一、离体生物活性试验 1. In vitro biological activity test
离体生物活性测定均采用含毒介质方法，即在PD^培养基中分别加入定量的供试药剂 (试验剂量按有效成分计)，冷却后接种测试病原菌，在25℃黑暗条件下培养。待空白对照菌落直径生长至40～50mm时，分别测量不同处理的菌落生长直径，计算各处理的抑菌率和ECso值。试验结果：混剂的离体生物活性明显高于两个对照单剂，具有明显的增效作用，详见实例1-4。 The in vitro biological activity measurement adopts the method of toxic medium, that is, adding a certain amount of the test agent (the test dose is calculated according to the active ingredient) in the PD^ medium, inoculating the test pathogenic bacteria after cooling, and culturing under dark conditions at 25 °C. When the colony diameter of the blank control grew to 40-50 mm, the colony growth diameters of different treatments were measured respectively, and the bacteriostatic rate and ECso value of each treatment were calculated. Test results: the in vitro biological activity of the mixture is obviously higher than that of the two control single agents, and has obvious synergistic effect, see examples 1-4 for details.
实例1水稻稻瘟病防治 Example 1 Rice blast control
实例2水稻稻瘟病防治 Example 2 Rice blast control
实例3水稻稻瘟病防治 Example 3 Rice blast control
实例4水稻稻瘟病防治 Example 4 Rice blast control
经试验，本发明中的其他配方进行离体生物活性测定，也能达到与配方三、五、七、九相同的技术效果。 Through testing, other formulations in the present invention can also achieve the same technical effect as formulations 3, 5, 7, and 9 through in vitro biological activity measurement.
二、田间防治效果试验 2. Field control effect test
试验田间条件下进行，试验作物的栽培管理按常规农业生产。田间药效测定的供试药剂均设3个剂量，设不施药的空白对照，4次重复。通常药剂中有效成分含量表示为g/hm2（克/公顷）。试验在田间未发病或发病初期施药，施药器械为背负式手动喷雾器。自然发病，在不施药的空白对照充分发病时进行结果调查。 The experiment was carried out under field conditions, and the cultivation and management of the experimental crops were carried out according to conventional agricultural production. In the field drug efficacy determination, 3 doses of the test agents were set, and a blank control without application of the drug was set, and 4 repetitions were made. Usually the content of the active ingredient in the medicament is expressed as g/hm 2 (grams/hectare). In the experiment, pesticides were applied in the field without disease or at the early stage of disease, and the pesticide application equipment was a knapsack manual sprayer. Natural onset, the result investigation was carried out when the blank control without drug application fully developed the onset.
病害分级、防效计算方法均执行中华人民共和国国家标准［农药田间药效试验准则］。试验结果表明春雷霉素和戊唑醇复配杀菌剂对病害具有非常优异的防治作用，详见实例5-8。 Disease grading and control efficacy calculation methods are in accordance with the National Standards of the People's Republic of China [Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides ] . The test results show that the compound fungicide of kasugamycin and tebuconazole has a very excellent control effect on the disease, see examples 5-8 for details.
实例5 65.5％可湿性粉剂对水稻稻瘟病的田间防效（配方二） Example 5 Field Control Effect of 65.5% WP on Rice Blast (Formula 2)
实例6 26％可湿性粉剂对水稻稻瘟病的田间防效（配方四） Example 6 Field control effect of 26% wettable powder on rice blast (formula four)
实例7 15％悬浮剂对水稻稻瘟病的田间防效（配方六） Example 7 Field control effect of 15% suspension concentrate on rice blast (formula six)
实例8 45.5％可湿性粉剂对水稻稻瘟病的田间防效（配方十） Example 8 Field control effect of 45.5% wettable powder on rice blast (formula ten)
经试验，本发明中的其他配方进行田间防治效果试验，也能达到与配方二、四、六、十相同的技术效果。 After testing, other formulas in the present invention can also achieve the same technical effects as formulas 2, 4, 6 and 10 in the field control effect test.
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