CN102625747B - 用于压制的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于压制的设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102625747B
CN102625747B CN201080040201.4A CN201080040201A CN102625747B CN 102625747 B CN102625747 B CN 102625747B CN 201080040201 A CN201080040201 A CN 201080040201A CN 102625747 B CN102625747 B CN 102625747B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
region
press
packing
equipment
stiffening device
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201080040201.4A
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CN102625747A (zh
Inventor
T·费滕
C·施罗伊弗
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SIG Combibloc Services AG
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SIG Technology AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/135—Single hemmed joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being hemmed in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B29C66/82421—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives using an inflatable element positioned between the joining tool and a backing-up part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/0077—Shaping by methods analogous to moulding, e.g. deep drawing techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2100/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
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    • B31B2120/30—Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers collapsible; temporarily collapsed during manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/02—Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
    • B31B50/28—Folding sheets, blanks or webs around mandrels, e.g. for forming bottoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B50/64—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by applying heat or pressure, e.g. by welding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于压制一包装的至少一个区域的设备和方法。所述包装至少区域地由多层复合材料构成。被用来进行压制的压制工具具有至少一个能够插入到所述包装的内空间中的轮廓元件和至少一个相对于所述内空间布置在外部并且与所述轮廓元件对置的压制元件。所述压制元件和所述轮廓元件彼此相对可定位地布置。所述压制元件具有弹性特性并且至少在其向着所述轮廓元件的延伸结构的区域中设有柔性的加强装置。

Description

用于压制的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于压制一包装的至少一个区域的设备，所述包装至少区域地由多层复合材料构成，并且其中，压制工具具有至少一个能够插入到所述包装的内空间中的轮廓元件和至少一个相对于所述内空间布置在外部并且位于所述轮廓元件对面的压制元件，并且其中，所述压制元件和所述轮廓元件彼此相对可定位地布置。
本发明还涉及一种用于压制一包装的至少一个区域的方法，所述包装至少区域地由多层复合材料构成，并且其中，为了执行压制过程，使压制工具的至少一个轮廓元件插入到所述包装的内空间中，并且其中，为了执行压制过程，使用至少一个相对于所述内空间布置在外部并且位于所述轮廓元件对面的压制元件，以及其中，所述压制元件和所述轮廓元件彼此相对定位。
背景技术
在制造多层复合包装、例如饮料包装时使用不同的方法。如果借助于所谓的“软管成形机”由连续的复合材料带进行制造，则在灌装和封闭所述包装制造才制造包装底部。但是如果由单个的由纸板/塑料-复合材料构成的坯料进行制造，则这些坯料首先设有纵向缝，这通常在包装材料制造商方面进行。所述纵向缝通过折叠包装材料的纵向边缘产生。其用于使例如灌装到所述包装中的饮料不与所述复合材料的敞开的棱边接触。这种接触可导致包装材料被泡软并且导致灌装在所述包装中的食品的保质期缩短。在设有纵向缝的坯料、即所谓的“包装皮”的情况下，包装底部的制造在灌装过程紧之前才进行，确切地说大多直接在灌装机中进行。
为了制造包装底部，被分成单张并且必要时被预折叠的包装皮通常被推移到芯棒轮的芯棒上，其中，所述芯棒均匀地在芯棒轮轴的圆周上分布地布置。视围绕所述芯棒轮布置的加工站的数量而定，芯棒轮节拍地旋转。在存在四个芯棒的情况下，包装皮在第一站中被推上，并且在第二站中旋转90度之后进行包装底部的折叠。在包装底部被折叠之后，复合材料的多个层至少区段地上下叠置。
在进一步旋转90度之后，在第三站中对扁平地折叠过的包装底部进行封缄，其方式是，将上下叠置的层与所述复合材料的在高温下变软的塑料借助于压力成型为具有支撑面的包装底部。在此，包装底部的层通过所述底部的折叠上下叠置，所述层利用适当设备的表面从底部外侧压紧到所述贴靠在底部内侧上的芯棒上。由于所述通过加热而变软的塑料，所施加的压力导致所述层的压紧和所述底部的封缄。
所述层的对于所述压紧和封缄所需的加热例如可以在折叠所述包装底部之前进行。但是也可考虑的是，所述塑料的加热在所述包装底部的折叠之后进行。此外，通过所述包装底部的压紧和封缄产生向着所述底部内侧的轻微的凹入部，其给予待制造的包装以特别良好的稳固性。
在封缄之后，使所述包装底部冷却，以便使软化的塑料以期望的形状变硬。这可以在前面提及的封缄站中进行，或者也可以在一个单独的站中进行。最后，将完成的单侧敞开的包装从所述芯棒轮的芯棒上拔出并且供应给实际的灌装机，在那里清洁所述包装内部并且必要时进行消毒并且进行成品包装的灌装和封闭以及包装头部的成型。
经过折叠的容器底部在折叠后具有在其面上变化的厚度。其原因是在折叠的过程中在所述底部的不同区域中被折叠的复合材料的不同数量的层上下叠置。因此，在利用压制设备的平坦的压制表面压紧和封缄经过折叠的底部的层时——其中所述压制表面覆盖不同厚度的底部区域，存在的问题是，所述底部的不同区域被以不同的强度压紧和封缄。特别是那些在与相邻区域相比厚度较小区域中的层常常被不足够地压制。
为了解决所述问题，公开了用于压制包装底部的层的设备，它们在用于压制的表面的特定区域中具有从该表面突出的压制元件。所述压制元件这样地布置在压制设备的表面上，使得其在压紧所述底部时配置给下述底部区域，所述底部区域与相邻的底部区域相比具有小厚度。所述压制元件用于在压制过程中将所述区域中的层充分压紧并且从而封缄。
公知的是将压制元件构造为有棱角的肋。但是在使用所述肋时实际上会导致包装底部的伤害。结果可能导致所述底部的不密封。此外，有棱角的压制元件导致所述包装底部污染的增强，因为污物容易在这些在底部中产生的压制轮廓中聚集。
此外，所述底部由于折叠而在纵向缝的区域中具有比相邻区域大的厚度。这必须在构造压制设备表面的情况下予以考虑。在折叠所述纵向缝时总是导致延伸走向以及纵向缝厚度和高度方面的公差。利用公知的设备部分地不足以实现这种公差的补偿。
同样已经公知的是，为了实现均匀的压制力以及为了避免太高的压制力，使用弹性的压力垫块，其例如在所述包装的彼此叠置的层的区域中弹性压入并且由此避免将太高的压制力施加在这些区域中。但是在这种弹性的压力垫块的情况下，相应的棱边或待压紧材料区域中的阶梯形的过渡导致太高的磨损，从而使得不仅在考虑这种压力垫块的频繁更换的情况下而且在考虑通过磨损导致的损坏的情况下，这种设备的使用可能不能获得成功。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，这样地设计本文开头所述类型的设备，使得支持压制力的最佳引入以及长时间的可使用性。
根据本发明，所述任务通过以下方式解决，即，所述压制工具具有弹性特性并且至少在其向着所述轮廓元件的延伸结构的区域中设有柔性的加强装置。
本发明的另外的任务在于，这样地改善本文开头所述类型的方法，使得优化压制力的引入以及支持长时间的可使用性。
根据本发明，所述任务通过以下方式解决，即，使用具有弹性特性的压制元件并且所述压制元件至少在其向着所述轮廓元件的延伸结构的区域中设有柔性的加强装置。
根据本发明，将压制元件的挠性特性与提高磨损保护相结合。通过弹性的压制元件确保在彼此重叠的层的区域中或突出的轮廓区域的区域中既不产生太高的压制力也不产生太低的压制力。但是同时通过柔性的加强元件避免由相应阶梯形或有角度的底部轮廓导致的弹性压制元件上的磨损。加强元件的柔性特性导致与期望底部轮廓的足够贴靠并且加强装置由此可跟随压制元件的弹性变形。
此外，本发明的压制装置的使用允许考虑不同层叠层的位置公差。即使在层叠层之间的过渡部的定位变化的情况下，通过柔性的压制元件也支持压制力的最佳引入。因此与底部区域的具体几何结构无关地，一方面避免了太高的并且导致材料损坏的压制力，但是此外导致太小的压制力，所述太小的压制力导致底部区域没有被完全焊接并且由此可导致不密封。
弹性压制元件以及柔性加强装置的组合即使在载荷循环快速转换时、例如在每小时执行1000或更多压制过程时也支持压制过程的最佳执行。
通过以下方式提供运动性特别好的结构，即，所述加强装置由多个环状的加强元件构成。所述加强元件可至少部分地彼此嵌入。
通过以下方式支持在所有三个空间维度上的均匀运动性，即，所述加强元件具有基本上圆环形的构造。
通过以下方式可实现特别高的耐磨损性，即，所述加强装置至少区域地由金属构成。
根据一个典型的实施方式，所述加强装置布置在所述压制元件的表面的区域中。
通过以下方式支持压制元件的简单操作，即，所述加强装置至少区域地埋嵌到所述压制元件中。
根据另一实施变型方案也考虑，所述加强装置至少区域地相对于所述压制元件有间距地布置。
通过以下方式定义一种典型应用，即，所述压制工具被构造用于封缄所述包装的彼此搭接的接片。所述接片可布置在所述包装的底部的区域中。
附图说明
在附图中示意性示出本发明的实施例。其中：
图1部分地示出压制设备的横截面图，其具有配属的容器状复合材料，其中，底部处于未被压制的状态中，
图2以变化的视图示出具有气动压力垫块的压制设备，
图3是一个实施方式，其具有在压制力的方向上可退让地被支承的压制元件，
图4部分地示出一个柔性的加强装置，其由环状地彼此连接的加强元件构成，
图5详细示出一个压制设备，
图6以透视图示出图5中的在取走压制元件之后的压制设备，
图7是用于表明弹性的压制元件、柔性的加强装置以及待压制的材料的彼此叠置的层的配属关系的另一视图。
具体实施方式
根据图1中的实施方式，压制工具1基本上由一压制元件2和一布置在所述压制元件2对面的轮廓元件3构成。所述轮廓元件3可由未示出的定位装置插入到包装5的内空间4中。所述包装5优选构造为折叠包装，其由层叠状材料构成并且具有一些侧壁6以及一个底部7。所述包装5的材料优选由所述层叠材料的多个层构成，其中，符合目的要求的是，至少一个层由塑料构成并且至少一个层由纸板构成。为了实现阻挡特性，典型的是此外使用一铝层。
从图1可看出，所述轮廓元件3在其面向所述底部7的延伸结构的区域具有一模具轮廓8。在所述的实施例中，所述模具轮廓8用于提供一向着所述内空间4的方向凹入的底部7。图1示出在执行压制过程之前的底部7。可看到所述底部7的材料的两个部分地彼此覆盖的接片9、10，在执行压制过程时，所述接片彼此连接。
根据图1，所述压制元件2布置在一基座11中。所述基座11优选可由定位装置12在向着所述轮廓元件3的方向上或在反方向上定位。根据所示的实施例，所述压制元件2被放入到所述基座11的凹部13中。所述凹部13的开口14朝所述轮廓元件3的方向布置。
在所示的实施例中，压制元件2由塑料制成，其可构造为单层或多层。特别是提出，所述压制元件2由弹性的材料构成。一个加强装置15至少区域地沿着所述压制元件2的向着所述轮廓元件3的表面延伸。所述加强装置15优选由单个的加强元件16组成，所述加强元件彼此连接。典型的是，所述加强元件16由金属制成。
从图1中还可以看出，所述压制元件2在其向着所述基座11的基面17的延伸结构的区域中具有压力室18。所述压力室18可被加载压力空气或其他流体，以便预给出所述压制元件2与所述基座11之间的相对运动。
根据图2的实施方式，将压制元件2构造为膜片，其与所述基座11压力密封地连接。将加强元件16优选加工在该膜片中。但是原则上也可以考虑类似于图1中的实施方式那样使加强装置15在膜片与所述底部7之间延伸。在该实施方式中，压力室18在使用压力源19的情况下也可以被适当的流体加载，例如被压力空气、水或油加载。根据另一实施方式，所述压制元件2由不可压缩但同时有弹性的材料制成。
图3示出压制工具1的部分视图，其中，压制元件2可通过单独的定位装置20相对于基座11调节。其基本结构基本上相应于图1和图2中的实施方式。
图4示出一个用于实现加强装置15的优选实施方式。可以看出，多个环状的加强元件16网状地彼此连接。这些插入到彼此中的环形结构导致所述加强装置15的非常高的柔性和可运动性。由此，该加强装置15可毫无问题地适配于参考面的阶梯状的延伸走向或适配于其死弯状的方向改变。
图5以类似于图1的视图示出压制工具1的更详细的视图。为了将压制元件2保持在基座11的区域中，在此使用框架21。在该实施方式中，所述压制元件2可以由塑料制成。图4中所示的加强元件14具有近似圆环形的结构。
所示出的圆环形的结构使得各个加强元件相对于彼此具有特别均匀的可运动性。
替代图1中所示的将加强元件16布置在压制元件2旁边地——必要时直接布置在压制元件2表面上或者与其间隔一距离的布置方式地，也可以考虑将加强装置15完全或部分地嵌入到压制元件2的材料中。这可以例如在以注射成型技术制造压制元件2时通过注塑包封进行或者在使用弹性体材料的情况下通过硫化进行。
图6的视图以透视图和拆卸压制元件2之后的状态示出图5中的压制工具1。特别是可以看出，框架21具有用于接收夹紧销的孔22，以便在与压制元件2分开地构造加强装置15的情况下保持所述加强装置15。此外，可看到侧面的导向元件23以及盖子24，所述导向元件具有用于接收所述框架21的槽。
图7再次示出用于将一个底部7的两个接片9、10连接起来的压制过程的典型做法。接片10在此在与接片9重叠的区域中附加地回弯，以便避免自由突出的切割棱边。可以看出，加强装置15毫无问题地适配于阶梯状的轮廓延伸走向并且由此保护弹性压制元件2免受磨损效应。
使用由环状加强元件16构成的加强装置15的做法除了保护压制元件2免受研磨性磨损之外还具有另外的优点。特别是可有利地影响压制过程的质量。通过加强元件16的环形轮廓，在压制过程开始时相对于待压制的工件具有点接触或线接触。由此，首先由非常小的接触面传递压制力，这导致待压制的材料在该非常小的面的区域中塑性变形。其原因是，加强元件16的向着待压制工件的、倒圆的表面轮廓压入到待压制的材料中。
随着压制力的升高和加强元件16进入到待压制材料中的进入深度的增加，传递所述力的面的尺寸非常快速地上升，从而使得禁止加强元件16进一步不期望地进入到待压制的材料中。由此，通过接触面的增大，合成的面压紧力降低。于是压制过程从弹性-塑性变形过渡为弹性材料变形。
在第一压制阶段期间，通过塑性变形产生材料的流动，所述材料特别是在阶梯形轮廓的凸起阴影的区域中支持接片9、10的粘接并且由此导致所述包装5的密封性增高。由此，本发明加强装置15的使用也在考虑出现的位置公差的情况下允许压制过程的优化。
用于提供加强装置15的各个加强元件16的环状连接特别是通过以下方式实现高的轮廓适配能力，即，各个加强元件16在所有三个空间维度上彼此相对可运动。所述加强元件16在此可不仅在横向方向上的平面中而且可以在纵向方向上的平面中滑入到彼此中，此外，各个加强元件16也可以在彼此间无值得一提的复位力的情况下从参考平面中摆动出。
这导致：也可以毫无问题与有棱角的延伸曲线进行轮廓适配。特别是在对于加强元件16使用纤维状或绞绳状材料时不能给出这种最佳的灵活性，因为在此存在弹性的复位力。因此本发明的加强装置15优选由相对小尺寸的加强元件16构成，它们铰接地配合到彼此中。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于压制一包装的至少一个区域的设备，所述包装至少区域地由多层复合材料构成，并且其中，压制工具具有至少一个能够插入到所述包装的内空间中的轮廓元件和至少一个相对于所述内空间布置在外部并且与所述轮廓元件对置的压制元件，并且其中，所述压制元件和所述轮廓元件彼此相对可定位地布置，其特征在于，所述压制元件(2)具有弹性特性并且至少在其向着所述轮廓元件(3)的延伸结构的区域中设有柔性的加强装置(15)。
2.根据权利要求1的设备，其特征在于，所述加强装置(15)由多个环状的加强元件(16)构成。
3.根据权利要求2的设备，其特征在于，所述环状的加强元件至少部分地彼此嵌入。
4.根据权利要求2或3的设备，其特征在于，所述加强元件(16)具有圆环形的构造。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述加强装置(15)至少区域地由金属构成。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述加强装置(15)布置在所述压制元件(2)的表面的区域中。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述加强装置(15)至少区域地埋嵌到所述压制元件(2)中。
8.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述加强装置(15)至少区域地相对于所述压制元件(2)有间距地布置。
9.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述压制工具(1)被构造用于封缄所述包装(5)的彼此搭接的接片(9，10)。
10.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的设备，其特征在于，所述压制工具(1)被构造用于加载所述包装(5)的底部(7)的至少一部分。
11.一种用于压制一包装的至少一个区域的方法，所述包装至少区域地由多层复合材料构成，并且其中，为了执行压制过程，使压制工具的至少一个轮廓元件插入到所述包装的内空间中，并且其中，为了执行压制过程，使用至少一个相对于所述内空间布置在外部并且与所述轮廓元件对置的压制元件，以及其中，所述压制元件和所述轮廓元件彼此相对定位，其特征在于，使用具有弹性特性的压制元件(2)并且所述压制元件(2)至少在其向着所述轮廓元件(3)的延伸结构的区域中设有柔性的加强装置(15)。
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