CN102617106A - Mineral polymer foaming material as well as preparation method and application of mineral polymer foaming material - Google Patents
Mineral polymer foaming material as well as preparation method and application of mineral polymer foaming material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mineral polymer foaming material as well as a preparation method and an application of the mineral polymer foaming material. The material comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 50 to 100 parts of metakaolin, 0 to 50 parts of admixture, 50 to 100 parts of water glass, 0.1 to 15 parts of foaming agents, 0 to 10 parts of foam stabilizers and 10 to 90 parts of water. A physical foaming method is adopted, the foaming agents and the water are mixed to be made into foams, then, the foams are uniformly mixed with power materials adopting metakaolin powder as main structure materials, next, the water glass is added, the uniform stirring is carried out, the foaming material is manufactured through forming, and the air hole size and the product density of the foaming material are easy to control. The prepared mineral polymer foaming material has the advantages that the density is small, the air hole quantity is great, the tensile strength is higher than that of the common foaming material products, the water resistance is good, the fire resistance is good, and the resistance on high temperature of 1200 DEG C can be realized. The mineral polymer foaming material can be applied to the process fields of heat preservation and thermal insulation of buildings, heat preservation, filtering and adsorption of thermal equipment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building foaming product field, particularly a kind of mineral polymer foam material and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
The building foaming product has silicate cement class, magnesia oxychloride cement class, gypsum class by major ingredient, and the fragility of silicate cement foaming product is bigger, and the goods that density is lower are broken very easily in handling process.Magnesia oxychloride cement class foaming product resistivity against fire is poor, and magnesium oxychloride product is decomposed into the magnesium oxide powder that has no intensity basically fully at 500 ℃.The Foamed Gypsum goods begin to decompose at 1000 ℃, and the deadly defect of plastering is a poor water resistance, should not be used in outdoor environment.
Mineral polymeric material is by the notion of French scientist Joseph Davidovits in the proposition seventies in 20th century, is meant by inorganic [SiO
4] and [AlO
4] inorganic polymer with three-dimensional network-like structure that forms of tetrahedron link.The mean lifetime of modern concrete building only 40～50 years, the longest also is no more than 100 years, and mineral polymeric material has excellent weather resistance, the buildings of ancient Egypt, ancient Roman has just used the mortar of similar mineral polymeric material bonding.The raw material resources of polymeric materials is abundant; Preparation technology is simple, low exhaust gas emission, save energy and resource; P/C all demonstrates great application prospect than high at material of construction, Materials with High Strength, aspects such as solid nuclear solid waste materials, sealing material and high temperature material.
Patented claim 200910113874.7 discloses a kind of novel clay soil polyporous materials and preparation method thereof, adopts direct foam process to prepare porous material at a lower temperature.Patented claim 200710178169.6 discloses a kind of light heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof, and this material both can be applicable to cold and hot equipment, also is applicable to make thermal insulation, sound insulation, fp house wallboard, roof heat-insulating shield.Patented claim 201010206350.5 discloses a kind of preparation method of fly ash-based geopolymer aerated concrete, adopts the aluminium powder foaming, and its technology is simple, and the utilization of fly ash rate is high, has effectively protected environment.
More than three patents adopt heating, physical method and chemical process to foam respectively, heating method must foam under comparatively high temps, complex equipments, pore big or small wayward; With the chemical process foaming, be difficult for obtaining low-density goods; Though and physical method preparation technology is simple, facility investment is few, adopts the direct mixed foaming of whipping agent and material, can not be long because of receiving its foamed time of materials limitations, and the goods homogeneity is difficult to control, and quality product is wayward.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming and deficiency that overcome above-mentioned prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mineral polymer foam material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of described mineral polymer foam material.
A purpose more of the present invention is to provide the application of described mineral polymer foam material.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical proposals: a kind of mineral polymer foam material comprises the following component of meter by weight:
Described metakaolin is preferably fineness 200～15000 purpose metakaolins;
Described adulterant is preferably a kind of in flyash, slag, silicon ash, unslaked lime, zeolite powder or the rice hull ash or at least two kinds, fineness 200～15000 orders;
It is 1～2 water glass that described water glass is preferably modulus, and its preparation method is following: it is in 2.2～3.4 the commodity water glass that 1～25g sodium hydroxide or 3～30g Pottasium Hydroxide are added 20～80ml modulus, stirs, and obtains water glass; For regulating water glass viscosity, also can add 0～50ml pure water;
Described whipping agent is a kind of or at least two kinds of mixtures in tensio-active agent, protein or the nonprotein macromolecular compound pore forming material, is preferably a kind of in rosined soap, sodium oleate, sodium lauryl sulphate, X 2073, gelatin, gelatine, methylcellulose gum or the saponin or at least two kinds;
Described suds-stabilizing agent is preferably a kind of in yellow soda ash, yellow starch gum, sodium hydroxide, gelatin, gelatine, lauryl alcohol or the silicone resin polyethers emulsion or at least two kinds;
The preparation method of described mineral polymer foam material comprises following steps:
(1) preparation of water glass: it is in 2.2～3.4 the commodity water glass that 1～25g sodium hydroxide or 3～30g Pottasium Hydroxide are added 20～80ml modulus, stirs, and obtains water glass; For regulating water glass viscosity, also can add 0～50ml pure water;
(2) be added in 10～90 parts of water after 0.1～15 part of whipping agent and 0～10 portion of suds-stabilizing agent are mixed, stir foaming to obtaining even foam;
(3) 50～100 parts of metakaolins and 0～50 part of adulterant are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the water glass of 50～100 parts of steps (1) preparation then, mix and stir, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, the mineral polymer foam material is processed in sclerosis;
Above-mentioned umber is parts by weight;
Stirring foamed time described in the step (2) is preferably 6～20min;
Mixing churning time described in the step (4) is preferably 6～30min;
Be hardened to air-set or heat hardening described in the step (5);
The condition optimization of the heat hardening described in the step (5) is 40～80 ℃ of effects 12～72 hours;
The performance index of described mineral polymer foam material are: density 320～1100kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 0.8～10MPa, folding strength 0.8～8MPa.
It is heat insulation that described mineral polymer foam material can be applicable to building heat preservation, technology field such as Thermal Equipment insulation, filtration, absorption.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) the present invention adopts the method for physical blowing; Whipping agent and water are mixed and made into foam, are after the powder of primary structure material mixes, to add water glass and stir with foam and metakaolin powder then; Process foam material through moulding, its pore size and extrudate density are easy to control.The mineral polymer foam material density that is prepared into is little, the pore amount big, tensile strength is higher than common foamed material product, water-tolerant, and resistivity against fire is good, can anti-1200 ℃ of high temperature.
(2) raw material sources of the present invention's employing are extensive, can from solid waste, obtain, and reduced environmental pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 1 mineral polymer foam material.
Fig. 2 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 2 mineral polymer foam materials.
Fig. 3 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 3 mineral polymer foam materials.
Fig. 4 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 4 mineral polymer foam materials.
Fig. 5 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 5 mineral polymer foam materials.
Fig. 6 is the opticmicroscope figure of embodiment 6 mineral polymer foam materials.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) 25g sodium hydroxide being added the 72ml modulus is in 3.1～3.4 the commodity water glass, adds the 50ml pure water then, stir, modulus is 1.1 sodium silicate;
(2) 0.1 weight part saponin is added in 90 weight parts waters, puts into whisking machine after mixing and stir foaming 6 minutes, obtain uniform foam;
(3) foam and 100 weight parts, the 500 order metakaolins with step (2) preparation mix, and add the water glass of 50 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stir 6 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(4) mixture B is injected mould, hardened 12 hours down, get the mineral polymer foam material at 80 ℃.
Its density is 1100kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is that 10MPa, folding strength are 8MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Embodiment 2
(1) 1g sodium hydroxide being added the 20ml modulus is in 2.2～2.5 the commodity water glass, stir, modulus is 2 sodium silicate;
(2) 0.3 weight part rosined soap, 0.5 weight part gelatin and 0.3 weight part sodium hydroxide are mixed, be added to and put into whisking machine after mixing in 20 weight parts waters and stir foaming 8 minutes, obtain uniform foam;
(3) 100 weight parts, 200 order metakaolins, 10 weight parts, 200 order unslaked limes and 10 weight parts, 800 order zeolites are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the sodium silicate of 80 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stirred 15 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, hardened under field conditions (factors) 24 hours, get the mineral polymer foam material.
Its density is 630kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 2.8MPa, folding strength is 2.5MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Embodiment 3
(1) 5g sodium hydroxide being added the 72ml modulus is in 2.6～2.9 the commodity water glass, adds the 20ml pure water then, stir, modulus is 1.6 sodium silicate;
(2) 1 weight part methylcellulose gum, 5 weight part gelatine and 0.1 weight part yellow starch gum are mixed, be added to and put into whisking machine after mixing in 30 weight parts waters and stir foaming 16 minutes, obtain uniform foam;
(3) 50 weight parts, 15000 order metakaolins, 5 weight parts, 500 order flyash and 10 weight parts, 200 order slags are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the sodium silicate of 100 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stirred 6 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, hardened 24 hours down, get the mineral polymer foam material at 40 ℃.
Its density is 700kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 3.5MPa, folding strength is 3.0MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Embodiment 4
(1) 30g Pottasium Hydroxide being added the 80ml modulus is in 3.1～3.4 the commodity water glass, adds the 20ml pure water then, stir, modulus is 1 potash water glass;
(2) 0.5 weight part X 2073,0.01 weight part lauryl alcohol are mixed, be added to and put into whisking machine after mixing in 10 weight parts waters and stir foaming 20 minutes, obtain even foam;
(3) 100 weight parts, 800 order metakaolins and 40 weight parts, 15000 order silicon ash are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the potash water glass of 60 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stirred 6 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, hardened under field conditions (factors) 72 hours, get the mineral polymer foam material.
Its density is 850kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 5.0MPa, folding strength 3.8MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Embodiment 5
(1) 5g Pottasium Hydroxide being added the 70ml modulus is in 2.2～2.5 the commodity water glass, adds the 25ml pure water then, stir, modulus is 1.6 potash water glass;
(2) put into whisking machine after 15 weight part sodium lauryl sulphate, 1 part of weight si acid resin polyethers emulsion, 9 parts of weight sodium carbonates are added to and mix in 40 weight parts waters and stir foaming 7 minutes, obtain even foam;
(3) 100 weight parts, 200 order metakaolins, 20 weight parts, 200 order rice hull ash and 30 weight parts, 200 order slags are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the potash water glass of 90 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stirred 30 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, hardened 24 hours down, get the mineral polymer foam material at 60 ℃.
Its density is 320kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 0.8MPa, folding strength is 0.8MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Embodiment 6
(1) 3g Pottasium Hydroxide being added the 63ml modulus is in 2.2～2.5 the commodity water glass, adds the 20ml pure water then, stir, modulus is 1.6 potash water glass;
(2) 0.6 weight part sodium oleate, 0.01 weight part yellow starch gum are added to put into whisking machine after mixing in 40 weight parts waters and stir foaming 8 minutes, obtain even foam;
(3) 70 weight parts, 800 order metakaolins, 10 weight parts, 200 order lime and 30 weight parts, 400 order slags are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the potash water glass of 90 weight part steps (1) preparation then, stirred 8 minutes, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, hardened 24 hours down, get the mineral polymer foam material at 70 ℃.
Its density is 540kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 2.5MPa, folding strength is 1.9MPa.The detection method of above performance index is with reference to steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance (GB-T11969-2008).
Effect embodiment:
Opticmicroscope detects: respectively the mineral polymer foam material of embodiment 1～6 preparation is detected through opticmicroscope, the result is shown in Fig. 1～6.Can observe big, the good uniformity of prepared mineral polymer foam material pore amount by Fig. 1～6.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. mineral polymer foam material is characterized in that comprising the following component of meter by weight:
2. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metakaolin is fineness 200～15000 purpose metakaolins.
3. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described adulterant is a kind of in flyash, slag, silicon ash, unslaked lime, zeolite powder or the rice hull ash or at least two kinds, fineness 200～15000 orders.
4. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described water glass is that modulus is 1～2 water glass; Its preparation method is following: it is in 2.2～3.4 the commodity water glass that 1～25g sodium hydroxide or 3～30g Pottasium Hydroxide are added 20～80ml modulus; Stir, obtain water glass.
5. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described whipping agent is a kind of or at least two kinds of mixtures in tensio-active agent, protein or the nonprotein macromolecular compound pore forming material.
6. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described whipping agent is a kind of in rosined soap, sodium oleate, sodium lauryl sulphate, X 2073, gelatin, gelatine, methylcellulose gum or the saponin or at least two kinds.
7. mineral polymer foam material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described suds-stabilizing agent is a kind of in yellow soda ash, yellow starch gum, sodium hydroxide, gelatin, gelatine, lauryl alcohol or the silicone resin polyethers emulsion or at least two kinds.
8. the preparation method of each described mineral polymer foam material of claim 1～7 is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) preparation of water glass: it is in 2.2～3.4 the commodity water glass that 1～25g sodium hydroxide or 3～30g Pottasium Hydroxide are added 20～80ml modulus, stirs, and obtains water glass;
(2) be added in 10～90 parts of water after 0.1～15 part of whipping agent and 0～10 portion of suds-stabilizing agent are mixed, stir foaming to obtaining even foam;
(3) 50～100 parts of metakaolins and 0～50 part of adulterant are mixed, stir, obtain mixture A;
(4) foam of step (2) preparation and the mixture A of step (3) preparation are mixed, add the water glass of 50～100 parts of steps (1) preparation then, mix and stir, obtain mixture B;
(5) mixture B is injected mould, the mineral polymer foam material is processed in sclerosis;
Above-mentioned umber is parts by weight.
9. the preparation method of mineral polymer foam material according to claim 8 is characterized in that:
Stirring foamed time described in the step (2) is 6～20min;
Mixing churning time described in the step (4) is 6～30min;
Be hardened to air-set or heat hardening described in the step (5);
The condition of the heat hardening described in the step (5) is 40～80 ℃ of effects 12～72 hours.
10. the application of each described mineral polymer foam material of claim 1～7 is characterized in that: it is heat insulation that described mineral polymer foam material is applied to building heat preservation, in the technology of Thermal Equipment insulation, filtration, absorption.
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