CN102607887B - Undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers - Google Patents
Undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607887B CN102607887B CN201210062438.3A CN201210062438A CN102607887B CN 102607887 B CN102607887 B CN 102607887B CN 201210062438 A CN201210062438 A CN 201210062438A CN 102607887 B CN102607887 B CN 102607887B
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- expansion bracket
- carrying handle
- bucket
- mud
- plate
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Abstract
An undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers comprises a mud acquiring bucket, a mud acquiring bucket carrying handle, an expansion bracket, a counterweight and a traction rope. The mud acquiring bucket carrying handle consists of a carrying handle upright column and a carrying handle crossbeam, the carrying handle upright column is fixedly connected with the mud acquiring bucket, small holes are arranged on the carrying handle crossbeam, the expansion bracket comprises an expansion bracket upper plate and an expansion bracket lower plate, expansion bracket upright columns are fixedly connected with the expansion bracket upper plate and the expansion bracket lower plate and fixed onto the expansion bracket lower plate, an expansion bracket strut and the expansion bracket upright columns penetrate through the small holes on the carrying handle crossbeam, a compression spring is sleeved on the expansion bracket strut, the mud acquiring bucket is provided with a square box and two symmetric mud acquiring claws, shaft heads are disposed on two sides of the box, the mud acquiring claws are rotationally connected with the shaft heads, a tension spring is connected between the mud acquiring claws, the mud acquiring claws are connected with suspension plates, the traction rope penetrates through the expansion bracket upper plate to be connected with the carrying handle crossbeam, and the other end of the traction rope penetrates out from a hole on the counterweight. The sampler has the advantages that a sediment-water interface of acquired sediment on a surface layer is clear, layers of the sediment keep well, a sampling process is undisturbed, and the volume of the acquired sediment can be accurately computed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sample collecting apparatus of the Surface Sediments such as a kind of river, lake, reservoir and shallow sea, particularly a kind of Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler.
Background technology
River, lake, reservoir and neritic sediment are carrying a large amount of polluters in source, basin, and these polluters are often enriched in surface deposit; Physics, chemistry and the biological nature of research surface deposit are one of main contents of monitoring water environment.Such as the water body environment being undertaken by diatom, midge etc., rebuild, need to set up the transfer function of surface deposit diatom, midge etc. and modern water environment index, this depends on the sediment sample of accurate collection top layer 1.0cm conventionally.Surface deposit is also the main place of zoobenthos life, and zoobenthos biomass needs the superficial deposit matter sample of the certain area of quantitative collection and volume.The many index analysis of sediment often need to obtain a large amount of superficial deposit matter samples.In addition, river, lake, reservoir and shallow sea surface deposit water cut are higher, and quality is soft; Therefore, undisturbed acquisition tables surface sediments sample is to guarantee one of key factor that result of study is genuine and believable.
The sediment sampler using at present is mainly divided into two kinds of column shaped deposit sampling instrument and grab type sampling thiefs.Column shaped deposit sampling instrument is made with use comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and cost is higher, and the surface deposit sample size once collecting is less, often needs multi collect to meet and analyzes required sediment sample amount, has increased field work amount.Grab type sampling thief captures and draws off sediment sample by the folding (mytiliform grab bucket or the grab bucket of tangerine lobe) of two the combination buckets in left and right or a plurality of jaws conventionally, wherein mechanical type grab bucket itself does not arrange opening-closing structure, conventionally by external force such as rope or connecting rods, driven, in sampling process, sediment top layer is disturbed, water and soil interface is unclear, is unfavorable for the collection of specific thicknesses surface deposit; And its circular arc is adopted bucket design and is made the calculating of gathered sediment sample volume inaccurate, cannot meet the requirement such as quantitative examinatioies such as bottom-dwelling biomasss.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency for above-mentioned sediment sampler, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler, be characterized in gathering the water body mollic epipedon sediments such as river, lake, reservoir, ocean by undisturbed, the sediment gathering, water and soil interface is clear, sequence remains intact, be beneficial to the collection of specific thicknesses superficial deposit matter sample, and can volume of sediment that accurate Calculation gathers.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler, is characterized in that, described sampling thief comprises to be adopted bucket, adopt bucket carrying handle, expansion bracket, weight and traction rope; The described bucket carrying handle of adopting comprises carrying handle column and carrying handle crossbeam, and carrying handle column is fixedly connected with adopts bucket, offers one group of aperture on carrying handle crossbeam; Described expansion bracket comprises expansion bracket upper plate, expansion bracket lower plate, expansion bracket pillar, expansion bracket column and stage clip, expansion bracket pillar is fixedly connected with the upper and lower plate of expansion bracket, expansion bracket column is fixedly connected in expansion bracket lower plate, expansion bracket pillar, expansion bracket column are vertical with the upper and lower plate of expansion bracket, and through the aperture on carrying handle crossbeam, stage clip is placed on expansion bracket pillar; The described bucket of adopting comprises and adopts bucket casing and two symmetrical mud pawls of adopting, and adopt the rectangular parallelepiped that bucket casing is bottom opening, casing both sides arrange spindle nose, adopting mud pawl and spindle nose is rotationally connected, adopt after mud pawl closure, bucket bottom half opening is adopted in sealing, adopts between mud pawl for two and connects extension spring; Adopt mud pawl and connect link plate by rope, link plate hangs on to be adopted mud pawl and opens on expansion bracket column; Described traction rope one end is connected on carrying handle crossbeam, and the other end passes after the hole on expansion bracket upper plate, and the hole from weight passes.
The described bucket casing of adopting consists of two panels, two blocks of side plates (being welded as a whole) and an openable cover plate conventionally, and cover plate is connected with box side upper limb by hinge.Adopt bucket casing biside plate and be welded with spindle nose, for connecting to adopt mud pawl and make to adopt mud pawl, around spindle nose, rotate.Adopt bucket casing biside plate lower end and preferably adopt arc design, can reduce to adopt bucket casing lower end and adopt the gap between mud pawl, avoid occurring to leak and destruction sediment sequence.Adopt bucket casing and adopt squared design, be easy to calculate the volume of sediment gathering, top movable cover plate is easy to the direct collection of surface deposit.
Described adopt mud pawl comprise adopt mud pawl lower plate and both sides adopt mud pawl side plate, the mud pawl side plate of adopting of both sides is rotationally connected with the spindle nose of casing both sides respectively.The described mud pawl lower plate of adopting is preferably cambered surface, adopts mud pawl side plate and is preferably L shapedly, adopts after mud pawl lower plate engages, and forms cambered surface sealing and adopts bucket bottom half opening.
In described expansion bracket, preferably 2 expansion bracket pillars and 2 expansion bracket columns, the line in the line in expansion bracket pillar axle center and expansion bracket column axle center is vertical dividing equally mutually; Expansion bracket column and expansion bracket pillar are through 4 holes of correspondence position on carrying handle crossbeam.The upper end of described expansion bracket pillar is connected with expansion bracket upper plate by nut.
In described expansion bracket, stage clip is placed on expansion bracket pillar, and between carrying handle crossbeam and expansion bracket upper plate, when preferred expansion bracket weight and stage clip elastic force balance, expansion bracket column upper end is a little more than carrying handle crossbeam.
On described carrying handle crossbeam, be welded with retainer plate, for connecting traction rope.
Described traction rope one end is connected on retainer plate through plate holes on expansion bracket, for the input of sampling thief with collect.The traction rope other end is held in sampler's hand or is fixed on sampling boat through weight hole, and traction rope is as the slideway of weight drop.
According to Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler of the present invention, adopt mud pawl and connect expansion bracket column by link plate, control the unlatching of adopting mud pawl; Adopt under mud pawl opening, by traction rope, sampling thief is positioned over to the bottom, manual control weight is done freely falling body along traction rope and is declined, impact expansion bracket, expansion bracket and expansion bracket column decline, link plate is skidded off by expansion bracket column, (adopts under the state that bucket do not move) that to adopt mud pawl closed under tension spring tension effect, and the sediment can completely gathering is stored in adopts in bucket.
Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler of the present invention can be used for Surface Sediments collection, meets the larger demand of required sample size in many index analysis; Its advantage is that sampling process mesexine sediment is not subject to disturbance, and the surface deposit water and soil interface gathering is clear, and sediment sequence remains intact, and is beneficial to the collection of specific thicknesses superficial deposit matter sample, and can volume of sediment that accurate Calculation gathers.Sampling thief of the present invention is easy to operate, only needs 1-2 people can operate use, cheap, be easy to carry about with one and safeguard.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is not limited with embodiment, but is limited by claim.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler is adopted bucket opening (before sampling) side schematic view.
Fig. 2 Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler is adopted bucket closure state (after sampling) side schematic view.
Fig. 3 Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler is adopted bucket closure state (after sampling) front schematic view.
In figure 1, nut, 2, expansion bracket upper plate, 3, expansion bracket pillar, 4, expansion bracket column, 5, expansion bracket lower plate, 6, stage clip, 7, retainer plate, 8, adopt bucket carrying handle crossbeam, 9, adopt bucket carrying handle column, 10, link plate, 11, wire rope, 12, adopt bucket panel, 13, adopt bucket side plate, 14, spindle nose, 15, hinge, 16, cover plate, 17, adopt mud pawl lower plate, 18, adopt mud pawl side plate, 19, spring set bolt, 20, extension spring, 21, traction rope, 22, weight.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of Surface Sediments box sampler, it comprises adopts bucket, adopts bucket carrying handle, expansion bracket, traction rope and weight.
Adopting bucket comprises and adopts bucket casing and two symmetrical mud pawls of adopting.Adopt the rectangular parallelepiped that bucket casing is bottom surface opening, by two, adopt bucket panel 12 and two and adopt bucket side plate 13(and be welded as a whole) and an openable cover plate 16 form, cover plate 16 is connected with box side upper limb by hinge 15.Adopt on bucket casing biside plate 13 and weld respectively spindle nose 14, for fixedly adopting mud pawl and making to adopt mud pawl, around spindle nose 14, rotate.Adopt bucket casing biside plate 13 lower ends and adopt arc design, can reduce to adopt bucket casing and adopt the gap between mud pawl, the sediment sample and complete being held in of overlying water sample that gather are adopted in bucket, avoid occurring the destruction of leakage and sediment sequence.
Adopt mud pawl comprise adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 and both sides adopt mud pawl side plate 18, adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 for cambered surface, adopt mud pawl side plate 18 L-shaped, the mud pawl side plate 18 of adopting of both sides is rotationally connected with the spindle nose 14 of adopting bucket casing both sides respectively, adopting mud pawl can be around spindle nose 14 rotation.Adopt mud pawl for two and be symmetrical arranged, adopt after mud pawl lower plate 17 joints, form cambered surface sealing and adopt bucket bottom half opening.Adopt mud pawl side plate 18 outsides and be provided with 19, two of spring set bolts and adopt between mud pawl the extension spring 20 being separately fixed on spring set bolt 19 by two ends and connect, under extension spring 20 pulling force effects, adopt mud pawl closed.Adopt on mud pawl and in disengaged one end, also comprise the link plate 10 that wire rope 11 connects, link plate 10 is provided with the aperture that aperture is greater than expansion bracket column 4 external diameters.Link plate 10 is suspended on expansion bracket column 4, can make to adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 and open completely, exposes and adopts bucket tank floor.
Adopting bucket is fixed on and adopts on bucket carrying handle.Adopt bucket carrying handle and comprise carrying handle column 9 and carrying handle crossbeam 8.Carrying handle column 9 is arranged at respectively the two ends of carrying handle crossbeam 8, and carrying handle column 9 is fixedly connected with adopts bucket, adopts the upper limb of two blocks of side plates 13 of bucket casing as being welded in.Carrying handle crossbeam 8 is provided with 4 holes, and expansion bracket column 4 and expansion bracket pillar 3 are through in 4 holes and can slide up and down.Carrying handle crossbeam 8 centers are also welded with retainer plate 7, for connecting traction rope 21.
Expansion bracket has comprised parallel expansion bracket upper plate 2 and expansion bracket lower plate 5,3,2 shorter expansion bracket columns 4 of 2 longer expansion bracket pillars and stage clip 6, wherein expansion bracket pillar 3, expansion bracket column 4 lower ends perpendicular to and be fixedly welded in expansion bracket lower plate 5, be connected to an integral body, the line in the line in expansion bracket pillar 3 axle center and expansion bracket column 4 axle center is vertical dividing equally mutually; Expansion bracket column 4 and expansion bracket pillar 3 are through 4 holes on carrying handle crossbeam 8, and the upper end of expansion bracket pillar 3 is connected with expansion bracket upper plate 2 by nut 1, so that the replacing of stage clip 6.Stage clip 6 is placed on expansion bracket pillar 3, between carrying handle crossbeam 8 and expansion bracket upper plate 2, the position that effect is to limit expansion bracket, the one, when expansion bracket weight and stage clip 6 elastic force balance, expansion bracket column 4 upper ends are a little more than carrying handle crossbeam 8, the 2nd, prevent that expansion bracket fall is excessive, avoid expansion bracket column 4 to skid off from carrying handle crossbeam 8.Expansion bracket upper plate 2 centers have hole.
After expansion bracket promotes, expansion bracket column 4 protrudes from carrying handle crossbeam 8, pull link plate 10 to be placed on expansion bracket column 4(as Fig. 1), under the effect of link plate 10 and expansion bracket column 4 friction force, even if consider expansion bracket weight, expansion bracket column 4 can keep protruding from carrying handle crossbeam 8, adopts mud pawl and is held open state.
Carrying handle crossbeam 8 is welded with retainer plate 7, and traction rope 21 one end are connected on retainer plate 7 through expansion bracket upper plate 2 holes, for the input of sampling thief with collect.Traction rope 21 other ends are held in sampler's hand through weight 22 holes, or are fixed on sampling boat; The slideway that traction rope 21 falls as weight 22.
Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler of the present invention when the field work, first traction rope 21 through expansion bracket upper plate 2 after and retainer plate 7 connect.Before sampling, expansion bracket upper plate 2 is mentioned, expansion bracket column 4 protrudes from carrying handle crossbeam 8, and tension link plate 10 and wire rope 11, hang over link plate 10 on expansion bracket column 4, now adopts mud pawl lower plate 17 in open configuration.During operation, adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 pull-up simultaneously or pull-up respectively for two.Keep traction rope 21 through weight 22, weight 22 can be held in sampler's hand or be positioned on sampling boat.
By traction rope 21, the bucket (see figure 1) of adopting of opening is positioned over to water bottom, the gravity of dependence itself is adopted bucket and is entered in benthal deposit.After slightly static, discharge weight 22, make it along vertical decline of traction rope 21, do the movement of falling object.Weight 22 clashes into after expansion bracket upper plate 2, expansion bracket upper plate 2, expansion bracket pillar 3, expansion bracket lower plate 5, expansion bracket column 4 are declined, link plate 10 is deviate from from expansion bracket column 4, under extension spring 20 pulling force effects, adopt mud pawl around spindle nose 14 move toward one another, adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 closures, Surface Sediments enters adopts bucket casing (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3).
Complete after sampling, can sampling thief slowly be pulled out to the water surface by traction rope 21 is positioned on sampling boat, by siphonage handle, adopt sediment overlying water sucking-off in bucket, can directly open as required and adopt bucket casing top blind flange 16 and carry out the collection of specific thicknesses superficial deposit matter sample, sediment sequence remains intact, is not subject to disturbance; Or by wire rope 11, will adopt mud pawl lower plate 17 and pull open and carry out sample collection, except edge is subject to a little disturbance, sediment centre sequence also can remain intact.
Practical application shows, sampling thief of the present invention is applicable to the collection of the surface deposits such as China lake, river, reservoir, ocean completely.
Claims (7)
1. a Surface Sediments undisturbed box sampler, is characterized in that, described sampling thief comprise adopt bucket, adopt bucket carrying handle, expansion bracket, weight (22) and traction rope (21), the described bucket carrying handle of adopting comprises carrying handle column (9) and carrying handle crossbeam (8), and carrying handle column (9) is fixedly connected with adopts bucket, offers one group of aperture on carrying handle crossbeam (8), described expansion bracket comprises expansion bracket upper plate (2), expansion bracket lower plate (5), expansion bracket pillar (3), expansion bracket column (4) and stage clip (6), on expansion bracket pillar (3) and expansion bracket, lower plate (2, 5) be fixedly connected with, expansion bracket column (4) is fixedly connected in expansion bracket lower plate (5), expansion bracket pillar (3), on expansion bracket column (4) and expansion bracket, lower plate (2, 5) vertical, and through the aperture on carrying handle crossbeam (8), stage clip (6) is placed on expansion bracket pillar (3), be positioned between carrying handle crossbeam (8) and expansion bracket upper plate (2), during expansion bracket weight and stage clip (6) elastic force balance, expansion bracket column (4) upper end is a little more than carrying handle crossbeam (8), the described bucket of adopting comprises and adopts bucket casing and two symmetrical mud pawls of adopting, adopt the rectangular parallelepiped that bucket casing is bottom opening, casing both sides arrange spindle nose (14), adopting mud pawl and spindle nose (14) is rotationally connected, adopt after mud pawl closure, bucket bottom half opening is adopted in sealing, adopts for two and between mud pawl, connects extension spring (20), adopt mud pawl and connect link plate (10) by rope (11), link plate (10) hangs on to be adopted mud pawl on expansion bracket column (4) and opens, it is upper that described traction rope (21) one end is connected to carrying handle crossbeam (8), and the other end passes after the hole on expansion bracket upper plate (2), and the hole from weight (22) passes.
2. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described adopts bucket casing by two panels (12) that are welded as a whole and two blocks of side plates (13), and an openable cover plate (16) formation, cover plate (16) is connected with casing upper limb by hinge (15).
3. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 2, is characterized in that, adopting bucket casing biside plate (13) lower end is arc.
4. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described adopt mud pawl comprise adopt mud pawl lower plate (17) and both sides adopt mud pawl side plate (18), the mud pawl side plate (18) of adopting of both sides is rotationally connected with the spindle nose (14) of casing both sides respectively.
5. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described mud pawl lower plate (17) of adopting is cambered surface, adopts mud pawl side plate (18) for L shaped, adopts after mud pawl lower plate (17) joint, forms cambered surface sealing and adopts bucket bottom half opening.
6. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described expansion bracket, comprise 2 expansion bracket pillars (3) and 2 expansion bracket columns (4), the line in the line in expansion bracket pillar (3) axle center and expansion bracket column (4) axle center is vertical dividing equally mutually; Expansion bracket column (4) and expansion bracket pillar (3) are through 4 holes of the upper correspondence position of carrying handle crossbeam (8); The upper end of described expansion bracket pillar (3) is connected with expansion bracket upper plate (2) by nut (1).
7. undisturbed box sampler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, on described carrying handle crossbeam (8), is welded with retainer plate (7).
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CN201210062438.3A CN102607887B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers |
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CN201210062438.3A CN102607887B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers |
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CN102607887B true CN102607887B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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