CN105424809B - In-situ automatic measuring device and method for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of submarine sediments - Google Patents
In-situ automatic measuring device and method for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of submarine sediments Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424809B CN105424809B CN201510709001.8A CN201510709001A CN105424809B CN 105424809 B CN105424809 B CN 105424809B CN 201510709001 A CN201510709001 A CN 201510709001A CN 105424809 B CN105424809 B CN 105424809B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
Abstract
The invention provides a longitudinal wave acoustic parameter in-situ automatic measuring device for submarine sediments, wherein a deck retracting device is responsible for sinking an automatic acoustic measuring instrument device and a deep sea sampler device into the seabed, and is responsible for retracting the automatic acoustic measuring instrument device and the deep sea sampler device after the automatic acoustic measuring instrument device and the deep sea sampler device are measured; the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device is mainly responsible for transmitting longitudinal wave signals and collecting, processing and storing the longitudinal wave signals; the deep sea sampler device part provides a framework for the entire measurement and is responsible for the complete retrieval of the measured seafloor sediment pattern as a pattern for laboratory measurements. According to the automatic in-situ measurement device for the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments, the automatic measurement instrument device for the acoustic waves is located in the deep sea sampler device, so that the section of cable required by the acoustic wave signals transmitted from the seabed to the sea surface is eliminated, a part of resources are saved, the implementation cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the interference caused by the acoustic wave signals in the cable transmission process is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine physical measurement, in particular to a longitudinal wave acoustic wave parameter in-situ automatic measuring device and method for submarine sediments.
Background
Submarine sediments are important objects of marine physics and engineering research, and the research on acoustic characteristics of the submarine sediments is always well appreciated by scholars at home and abroad. The acoustic properties of seafloor sediments include two main characteristic parameters: sound velocity and sound attenuation, wherein the sound velocity reflects the speed of sound wave propagation on the sea floor; acoustic attenuation reflects the effect of the seafloor substrate on acoustic propagation or seismic wave action distance.
The current submarine Sediment Acoustic In-Situ Measurement technology is divided into two types according to the Measurement object and the implementation mode, the first type is a transverse Measurement technology represented by an In Situ Sediment Acoustic Measurement System (ISSAMS) developed by the American naval laboratory and a submarine Sediment Acoustic Physical characteristic instrument (Sedi Acoustic and Physical Properties Apparatus, SAPPA) developed by combining the ocean center of south Ampton China and GeoTek company In the UK, a probe rod provided with a transmitting transducer and a plurality of probe rods provided with receiving transducers are inserted into the Sediment In parallel through a power device to measure the Acoustic parameters of the submarine Sediment at a certain layer below the seabed, the second type is a vertical Acoustic Measurement technology represented by an Acoustic long length and a multi-frequency Acoustic Measurement System derived from the Acoustic long length, the average velocity of sediment in a range of depths below the seafloor can be measured.
However, when the above-mentioned type of measurement technique is used, in order to perform in-situ measurement on the sea floor, it is necessary to connect the sampling device on the sea floor to the measurement and analysis device in the sea-surface cabin through a cable, which greatly increases the implementation cost, and interference occurs when signals are transmitted between cables, which affects the accuracy of measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a longitudinal wave acoustic wave parameter in-situ automatic measuring device and method for submarine sediments, which are used for reducing the implementation cost and improving the measurement accuracy.
The invention provides a longitudinal wave acoustic parameter in-situ automatic measuring device for submarine sediments, which comprises: the device comprises a deck retracting device, an automatic sound wave measuring instrument device and a deep sea sampler device;
wherein the deck retraction device is connected with the deep sea sampler device through a cable; the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device is arranged in a pressure-resistant sealing cavity of the deep sea sampler device;
the deck retracting and releasing device is used for retracting and releasing the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device and the deep sea sampler device;
the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device is used for measuring the submarine sediments;
the deep sea sampler device is used for sampling seabed sediments.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the automatic acoustic wave measurement instrument device includes: a data acquisition card, a computer and a power supply;
the data acquisition card, the computer and the power supply are respectively and electrically connected;
the computer is used for controlling the data acquisition card to measure the submarine sediments;
and the power supply is used for supplying power to the data acquisition card and the computer.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the data acquisition card includes: the device comprises a preceding-stage analog signal processing circuit module, an AD (analog-to-digital) conversion module, a seabed trigger circuit module, a piezoelectric control circuit module, a USB (universal serial bus) module and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) control module;
the FPGA control module is respectively and electrically connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module, the AD conversion module, the seabed trigger circuit module, the piezoelectric control circuit module and the USB module;
the FPGA control module is used for controlling the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module to ensure that longitudinal wave signals of corresponding channels can be transmitted to the AD conversion module;
the AD analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the longitudinal wave signals;
the piezoelectric control circuit module is used for generating longitudinal wave signals of the corresponding channels;
and the seabed trigger circuit module is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module when the deep sea sampler device is determined to touch the bottom.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the subsea triggering circuit module includes: an acceleration sensor and a signal processing circuit;
the acceleration sensor is used for judging the motion state of the deep sea sampler device;
and the signal processing circuit is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module when the deep sea sampler device is determined to be bottom-touching.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the FPGA control module includes: the system comprises an upper computer control signal processing module, a piezoelectric control module, a clock control module, an AD control module, an FIFO module, a USB data transmission module and a system starting signal detection module;
the upper computer control signal processing module is respectively and electrically connected with the piezoelectric control module, the clock control module, the AD control module, the FIFO module, the USB data transmission module and the system starting signal detection module;
the upper computer control signal processing module is used for analyzing the command sent from the computer;
the piezoelectric control module is used for controlling the generation of an excitation pulse of the piezoelectric control circuit module and the width of the pulse;
the clock control module is used for generating a clock signal required by an internal circuit of the FPGA control module;
the AD control module is used for controlling the AD analog-to-digital conversion module;
the FIFO module is used for realizing the fast cache of the data converted by the AD conversion module;
and the USB control module is used for completing the butt joint of the USB module.
In combination with the first aspect or any one of the above possible implementations of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the deep sea sampler device includes: comprises a pressure-resistant sealing cavity and a box-type sampler;
the pressure-resistant sealed cavity is used for arranging the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device;
and the box type sampler is used for arranging a pressure-resistant sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducer.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the box sampler includes: at least two transmitting probes and at least two receiving probes;
the transmitting probe and the corresponding receiving probe form a corresponding channel;
the transmitting probe is connected with the piezoelectric control module;
the receiving probe is connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the deck retraction device includes: the winch comprises a retracting bracket, a winch, a controller, a first indicator light and a second indicator light;
the deep sea sampler device comprises a deep sea sampler device, a winch, a retractable support, a deep sea sampler device and a winch, wherein the retractable support is fixedly connected to a ship deck, one end of the retractable support is provided with the winch, the winch is provided with a cable, and one end of the cable is connected with the deep sea sampler device;
the controller is used for controlling the winch to operate;
the first indicator light is used for indicating the bottom contact of the deep sea sampler device and controlling the deep sea sampler device to ascend and descend through the operation of a winch;
and the second indicator light is used for indicating that the measurement is finished.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ, which is performed by the apparatus for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, and the method includes:
the computer judges whether an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module is received or not;
if the computer receives an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module, the computer selects a transceiving channel;
the receiving and transmitting channel comprises a pair of transmitting probes and receiving probes;
the computer controls the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device to measure the submarine sediments one by one through the transceiving channel to obtain measuring data;
the computer judges whether the switching times of the transceiving channels reach a threshold value;
and if the threshold value is reached, transmitting the measured data into the computer by the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, if the threshold is not reached, the step of selecting a transceiving channel by the computer is returned to.
With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the computer-controlled automatic acoustic wave measuring apparatus measures the seafloor sediments through the transceiving channel one by one to obtain measurement data, including:
the computer triggers the piezoelectric control circuit module and starts the AD conversion module;
the AD conversion module carries out analog-to-digital conversion on the longitudinal wave signals received by the transceiving channel to obtain measurement data;
and the AD analog-to-digital conversion module stores the measurement data into the FIFO module.
In the automatic in-situ measurement device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments, the deck retraction device is responsible for sinking the automatic acoustic measurement instrument device and the deep sea sampler device into the seafloor, and is responsible for retracting the automatic acoustic measurement instrument device and the deep sea sampler device after measurement is finished; the sound wave automatic measuring instrument device is positioned in a pressure-resistant sealed cavity of the deep sea sampler device, is used as a core part of the whole device and is mainly responsible for transmitting longitudinal wave signals and collecting, processing and storing the longitudinal wave signals; the deep sea sampler device part provides a framework for the entire measurement and is responsible for the complete retrieval of the measured seafloor sediment pattern as a pattern for laboratory measurements. The automatic in-situ measuring device for the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments breaks through the design that the traditional measuring and analyzing device and the sampling device are respectively arranged on the sea surface and at the bottom, and the automatic acoustic measuring instrument device is positioned in the deep sea sampler device, so that the section of cable required by transmitting acoustic signals from the sea bottom to the sea surface is eliminated, a part of resources are saved, the implementation cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the interference caused by the acoustic signals in the cable transmission process is eliminated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ automatic measuring device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of a submarine sediment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic acoustic wave measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition card according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric control circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a subsea triggering circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an FPGA control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep sea sampler device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a box sampler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement plane provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a deck retraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a method for automatically measuring longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments in situ according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of another method for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic operation flow chart of an automatic in-situ measuring device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of a seafloor sediment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ automatic measuring device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of a seafloor sediment, and referring to fig. 1, the system includes: the device comprises a deck retracting device 10, an automatic sound wave measuring instrument device 11 and a deep sea sampler device 12;
wherein the deck retraction device 10 is connected to the deep sea sampler device 12 by a cable; the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device 11 is arranged in a pressure-resistant sealed cavity of the deep sea sampler device 12;
the deck retracting and releasing device 10 is used for retracting and releasing the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device 11 and the deep sea sampler device 12;
the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device 11 is used for measuring the submarine sediments;
the deep sea sampler device 12 is used for sampling seabed sediments.
In the automatic in-situ measurement device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments, the deck retraction device is responsible for sinking the automatic acoustic measurement instrument device and the deep sea sampler device into the seafloor, and is responsible for retracting the automatic acoustic measurement instrument device and the deep sea sampler device after measurement is finished; the sound wave automatic measuring instrument device is positioned in a pressure-resistant sealed cavity of the deep sea sampler device, is used as a core part of the whole device and is mainly responsible for transmitting longitudinal wave signals and collecting, processing and storing the longitudinal wave signals; the deep sea sampler device part provides a framework for the entire measurement and is responsible for the complete retrieval of the measured seafloor sediment pattern as a pattern for laboratory measurements. The automatic in-situ measuring device for the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments breaks through the design that the traditional measuring and analyzing device and the sampling device are respectively arranged on the sea surface and at the bottom, and the automatic acoustic measuring instrument device is positioned in the deep sea sampler device, so that the section of cable required by transmitting acoustic signals from the sea bottom to the sea surface is eliminated, a part of resources are saved, the implementation cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the interference caused by the acoustic signals in the cable transmission process is eliminated.
Alternatively, the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device 11 shown in fig. 1 may have various implementation forms, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, in an implementation form of the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device, the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device 11 includes: a data acquisition card 11-1, a computer 11-2 and a power supply 11-3;
the data acquisition card 11-1, the computer 11-2 and the power supply 11-3 are respectively and electrically connected;
the computer 11-2 is used for controlling the data acquisition card 11-1 to measure the submarine sediments;
the power supply 11-3 is used for supplying power to the data acquisition card 11-1 and the computer 11-2.
Further, as for the data acquisition card 11-1 in fig. 2, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data acquisition card according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, the data acquisition card 11-1 includes: the system comprises a preceding-stage analog signal processing circuit module 11-1A, AD analog-to-digital conversion module 11-1B, a seabed trigger circuit module 11-1C, a piezoelectric control circuit module 11-1D, USB module 11-1E and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) control module 11-1F;
the FPGA control module 11-1F is electrically connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module 11-1A, the AD analog-to-digital conversion module 11-1B, the seabed trigger circuit module 11-1C, the piezoelectric control circuit module 11-1D and the USB module 11-1E respectively;
the FPGA control module 11-1F is used for controlling the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module 11-1A to ensure that longitudinal wave signals of a corresponding channel can be transmitted to the AD conversion module 11-1B;
the AD analog-to-digital conversion module 11-1B is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the longitudinal wave signal;
specifically, the AD analog-to-digital conversion module 11-1B adopts an AD7626 chip. AD7626 is a 16-bit, 10MSPS charge redistribution Successive Approximation Register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The SAR architecture provides an unrivaled 91.5dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and a + -0.45 Least Significant Bit (LSB) Integral Non-linear (INL) Linearity. The high-speed and high-precision AD conversion chip ensures the accuracy of signals and the transmission degree of data.
The piezoelectric control circuit module 11-1D is configured to generate a longitudinal wave signal of the corresponding channel;
the seabed trigger circuit module 11-1C is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module 11-1F when the deep sea sampler device 12 is determined to be bottomed.
Furthermore, the automatic in-situ measurement device for the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments provided by the embodiment realizes automatic measurement, automatically identifies whether the sampler touches the bottom and automatically measures the submarine sediments, thereby not only simplifying the operation process, but also reducing the requirements on the level of operators and simultaneously improving the measurement efficiency.
Further, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module receives a control command from the FPGA control module to implement gating on a plurality of (8 in fig. 4, the present embodiment does not limit the number of channels) different receiving channels, so as to ensure that only longitudinal wave signals of corresponding channels can be transmitted each time; because the longitudinal wave signal generated by the piezoelectric control circuit module is weak, the longitudinal wave signal needs to be amplified by a proper multiple before analog-to-digital conversion, and the amplification circuit, the attenuation circuit and the secondary amplification circuit in the piezoelectric control circuit module are matched with each other, so that the signal can reach a more ideal state, and the attenuation multiple is controlled by the FPGA control module; the high-pass filter circuit and the low-pass filter circuit form a band-pass filter to realize primary filtering of the sound wave signals so as to reduce the interference of noise signals on useful signals.
Further, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric control circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, the piezoelectric control circuit module is composed of a piezoelectric transmitting circuit, a gating circuit, and eight transmitting probes. The piezoelectric transmitting circuit receives the pulse signal from the FPGA control module and then generates a 1000V high-voltage pulse signal, and then the gating circuit is used for ensuring that only one corresponding channel is conducted each time, so that the corresponding piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducer generates a longitudinal wave signal.
As for the subsea triggering circuit module 11-1C in fig. 3, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a subsea triggering circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the subsea triggering circuit module 11-1C includes: an acceleration sensor 11-1C-1 and a signal processing circuit 11-1C-2;
the acceleration sensor 11-1C-1 is used for judging the motion state of the deep sea sampler device;
and the signal processing circuit 11-1C-2 is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module when the deep sea sampler device is determined to be bottom-touching.
The seabed trigger circuit module 11-1C mainly comprises an acceleration sensor 11-1C-1 and a signal processing circuit 11-1C-2, the motion state of the deep sea sampler device is judged through signals generated by the acceleration sensor 11-1C-1, when the deep sea sampler device touches the bottom, the signals generated by the acceleration sensor 11-1C-1 are in a determined threshold range, so that whether the signals generated by the acceleration sensor 11-1C-1 are in the threshold range is judged through the subsequent signal processing circuit 11-1C-2, if yes, an excitation signal is generated to the FPGA control module, and the whole acoustic wave automatic measuring instrument device is started through the signals.
As for the FPGA control module 11-1F in fig. 3, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an FPGA control module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 7, the FPGA control module 11-1F includes: the system comprises an upper computer control signal processing module 11-1F-1, a piezoelectric control module 11-1F-2, a clock control module 11-1F-3, an AD control module 11-1F-4, an FIFO module 11-1F-5, a USB data transmission module 11-1F-6 and a system starting signal detection module 11-1F-7;
the upper computer control signal processing module 11-1F-1 is electrically connected with the piezoelectric control module 11-1F-2, the clock control module 11-1F-3, the AD control module 11-1F-4, the FIFO module 11-1F-5, the USB data transmission module 11-1F-6 and the system starting signal detection module 11-1F-7 respectively;
the upper computer control signal processing module 11-1F-1 is used for analyzing the command sent from the computer;
the piezoelectric control module 11-1F-2 is used for controlling the generation of an excitation pulse and the width of the pulse of the piezoelectric control circuit module;
the clock control module 11-1F-3 is used for generating a clock signal required by an internal circuit of the FPGA control module;
the AD control module 11-1F-4 is used for controlling the AD analog-to-digital conversion module;
the FIFO module 11-1F-5 is used for realizing the fast cache of the data converted by the AD analog-to-digital conversion module;
and the USB control module is used for completing the butt joint of the USB module.
Specifically, the upper computer control signal processing module 11-1F-1 is used for analyzing commands sent from a computer and then acting on other modules; the piezoelectric control module 11-1F-2 is used for controlling the generation of the excitation pulse of the piezoelectric control circuit and the width of the pulse; the clock control module 11-1F-3 is used for generating clock signals required by the internal circuit of the whole FPGA; the AD control module 11-1F-4 is used for controlling the normal work of an AD7626 chip so as to realize the conversion of data; the FIFO module 11-1F-5 is used for realizing the fast cache of the data converted by the AD7626 chip; the USB control module is used for completing the butt joint of a USB chip CY7C68013A, so that the data of the data acquisition card can be finally and quickly transmitted to the computer and stored; the system starting signal detection module 11-1F-7 is used for detecting a starting signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit, and further realizing automatic acquisition of longitudinal wave signals.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a deep sea sampler device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 8, the deep sea sampler device includes: a pressure-resistant sealing cavity 12-1 and a box type sampler 12-2;
the pressure-resistant sealed cavity 12-1 is used for arranging the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device;
and the box type sampler 12-2 is used for arranging a pressure-resistant sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducer.
The pressure-resistant sealed cavity 12-1 provides a safe sealed environment for the automatic longitudinal wave measuring instrument, and the automatic longitudinal wave measuring instrument is positioned in the pressure-resistant sealed cavity 12-1 and is connected with sixteen pressure-resistant sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducers on the box type sampler 12-2 through extremely short pressure-resistant sealed cables. The box sampler 12-2 provides an installation environment for sixteen pressure-resistant sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducers and is responsible for taking the measured seafloor sediment pattern out of the seafloor after the measurement is finished as a laboratory measurement pattern.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a box sampler 12-2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the box sampler includes: at least two transmitting probes and at least two receiving probes; the transmitting probe and the corresponding receiving probe form a corresponding channel; the transmitting probe is connected with the piezoelectric control module; the receiving probe is connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module.
Referring to fig. 9, sixteen pressure-proof sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducers are divided into eight transmitting probes and eight receiving probes, and every two transmitting probes and two receiving probes are installed on the same plane, so that sixteen probes form four independent measuring planes, and divide a sampling cavity into five regions equally, wherein the thickness of each region is 150mm, namely the longitudinal interval of each measuring plane is 150 mm.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement plane provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10, the plane is a rectangle, and the length L of the plane is 500mm, and the width W of the plane is 300mm (i.e. the cavity of the box-type sampler is a cuboid, and the length, the width and the height of the cavity are 500mm, 300mm and 750mm, respectively). The two transmitting probes are respectively positioned at the central positions of the length and the width, and the two receiving probes respectively correspond to the transmitting probes. Let T be the propagation time of the longitudinal wave from transmission 1 to reception 11The propagation time of the longitudinal wave from transmission 2 to reception 2 is T2Then, the calculation formula of the longitudinal wave velocity V of the seafloor sediments is as follows:
because the longitudinal wave beam is calculated by adopting the time difference of the path difference ratio, the problem of time delay caused by the coupling of the transducer is eliminated, and the accuracy of measuring the wave speed of the sound wave is greatly improved. Let A1And A2Sound pressure amplitudes at reception 1 and reception 2, respectively, the bottom sedimentThe calculation formula of the sound attenuation coefficient α is:
by measuring the four layers of the submarine sediments, the sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient change of the submarine sediments in the vertical direction can be obtained, so that the geological structure of the submarine sediments can be analyzed more accurately.
The measuring device provided by the invention realizes the measurement of the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of four different layers of the submarine sediments, can obtain the variation trend of the longitudinal wave velocity and the acoustic attenuation coefficient in the vertical direction, and improves the analysis precision of the geological structure of the submarine sediments.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a deck retraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 11, the deck retraction device 10 includes: the winch comprises a retracting support 10-1, a winch 10-2, a controller 10-3, a first indicator light 10-4 and a second indicator light 10-5;
the deep sea sampler comprises a deep sea sampler device, a winch 10-2, a retractable support 10-1, a deep sea sampler device and a winch cable, wherein the retractable support 10-1 is fixedly connected to a ship deck, one end of the retractable support 10-1 is provided with the winch 10-2, the winch 10-2 is provided with the cable, and one end of the cable is connected with the deep sea sampler device;
the controller 10-3 is used for controlling the winch 10-2 to operate;
the first indicator light 10-4 is used for indicating the bottom touch of the deep sea sampler device, and the lifting and the descending of the deep sea sampler device are controlled by the operation of the winch 10-2;
and the second indicator light 10-5 is used for indicating that the measurement is finished.
The embodiment of the invention provides an in-situ automatic measurement method for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of submarine sediments, which comprises the following steps: compiling a Verilog program inside an FPGA according to an external circuit of a data acquisition card and functions to be realized, downloading the compiled Verilog program into the data acquisition card, checking the function, installing the Verilog program together with a computer, installing upper computer software on the computer, fixing a longitudinal wave automatic measuring instrument in a sealed cavity of a deep sea sampler after self-testing is correct, connecting a corresponding transducer terminal and an LED display terminal, sealing the sealed cavity, supplying power to a deck retraction device, placing the deep sea sampler in seawater, slowly lowering the deep sea sampler, stopping lowering the deep sea sampler after a first indicator lamp is lightened, waiting for the completion of automatic measurement, recovering the deep sea sampler device onto a deck through the deck retraction device after a second indicator lamp is lightened, opening the sealed cavity of the deep sea sampler, taking out the longitudinal wave automatic sampler, and taking out seabed sediments in a box sampler of the deep sea sampler device, and the sample is used as a sample for laboratory measurement to realize data comparison between the laboratory measurement and in-situ measurement, and finally, the deep sea sampler is cleaned and the data sampled at this time is analyzed. The measuring device of the invention realizes the combination of the traditional laboratory measuring method and the existing seabed in-situ measuring method, not only can carry out seabed in-situ measurement on the same seabed sediment pattern, but also can carry out laboratory measurement on the same seabed sediment pattern.
In order to implement the method for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ, fig. 12 is a schematic flow chart of the method for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ provided by the embodiment of the invention, which is executed by the device for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic wave parameters of seafloor sediments in situ described in the embodiment, and referring to fig. 12, the method includes:
step 101, if the computer receives an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module, the computer selects a transceiving channel;
specifically, the transceiving channel comprises a pair of transmitting probes and receiving probes;
102, controlling the automatic sound wave measuring instrument device to measure the submarine sediments one by one through the transceiving channel to obtain measuring data;
103, judging whether the switching times of the transceiving channels reach a threshold value by the computer;
and 104, if the threshold value is reached, transmitting the measured data into the computer by the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device.
According to the method for automatically measuring the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments in situ, whether an excitation signal sent by a submarine trigger circuit module is received or not is judged by a computer; if the computer receives an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module, the computer selects a transceiving channel; the receiving and transmitting channel comprises a pair of transmitting probes and receiving probes; the computer controls the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device to measure the submarine sediments one by one through the transceiving channel to obtain measuring data; the computer judges whether the switching times of the transceiving channels reach a threshold value; and if the threshold value is reached, transmitting the measured data into the computer by the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device. The section of cable required by the transmission of the sound wave signals from the sea bottom to the sea surface is eliminated, a part of resources are saved, the implementation cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the interference of the sound wave signals in the cable transmission process is eliminated. The method realizes the measurement of the longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of four different layers of the submarine sediments, can obtain the variation trend of the longitudinal wave velocity and the acoustic attenuation coefficient in the vertical direction, and improves the analysis precision of the geological structure of the submarine sediments.
Optionally, if the threshold is not reached, the step of selecting the transceiving channel by the computer is returned to.
On the basis of fig. 12, fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart of another method for automatically measuring longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments in situ, referring to fig. 13, step 102, which includes:
102-1, triggering a piezoelectric control circuit module and starting an AD conversion module by the computer;
102-2, the AD conversion module carries out analog-to-digital conversion on the longitudinal wave signals received on the transceiving channel to obtain measurement data;
and 102-3, the AD analog-to-digital conversion module stores the measurement data into an FIFO module.
Fig. 14 is a schematic operation flow chart of the device for automatically measuring longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments in situ, and referring to fig. 14, the operation flow chart includes:
if the error occurs, the step 200 is repeatedly executed, and if the error does not occur, the step 201 is executed;
step 201, fixing an automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device in a pressure-resistant sealing cavity;
step 202, connecting corresponding wiring terminals and sealing the pressure-resistant sealing cavity;
step 203, controlling the deep sea sampler device to descend through the deck retraction device;
specifically, if the bottom is not touched, step 204 is repeated; if yes, go to step 205;
specifically, if not, step 206 is repeatedly executed; if so, go to step 207;
step 208, taking out the automatic measuring instrument device and the submarine sediment pattern;
and step 209, analyzing the data measured this time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The in-situ automatic measuring device for longitudinal wave acoustic parameters of the submarine sediments is characterized by comprising the following components: the device comprises a deck retracting device, an automatic sound wave measuring instrument device and a deep sea sampler device; wherein the deck retraction device is connected with the deep sea sampler device through a cable; the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device is arranged in a pressure-resistant sealing cavity of the deep sea sampler device; the deck retracting and releasing device is used for retracting and releasing the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device and the deep sea sampler device; the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device is used for measuring the submarine sediments; the deep sea sampler device is used for sampling the seabed sediments;
the automatic acoustic wave measurement instrument device includes: a data acquisition card, a computer and a power supply; the data acquisition card, the computer and the power supply are respectively and electrically connected; the computer is used for controlling the data acquisition card to measure the submarine sediments; the power supply is used for supplying power to the data acquisition card and the computer;
the data acquisition card comprises: the device comprises a preceding-stage analog signal processing circuit module, an AD (analog-to-digital) conversion module, a seabed trigger circuit module, a piezoelectric control circuit module, a USB (universal serial bus) module and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) control module; the FPGA control module is respectively and electrically connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module, the AD conversion module, the seabed trigger circuit module, the piezoelectric control circuit module and the USB module; the FPGA control module is used for controlling the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module to ensure that longitudinal wave signals of corresponding channels can be transmitted to the AD conversion module; the AD analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the longitudinal wave signals; the piezoelectric control circuit module is used for generating longitudinal wave signals of the corresponding channels; and the seabed trigger circuit module is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module when the deep sea sampler device is determined to touch the bottom.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the subsea trigger circuit module comprises: an acceleration sensor and a signal processing circuit; the acceleration sensor is used for judging the motion state of the deep sea sampler device; and the signal processing circuit is used for sending an excitation signal to the FPGA control module when the deep sea sampler device is determined to be bottom-touching.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the FPGA control module comprises: the system comprises an upper computer control signal processing module, a piezoelectric control module, a clock control module, an AD control module, an FIFO module, a USB data transmission module and a system starting signal detection module; the upper computer control signal processing module is respectively and electrically connected with the piezoelectric control module, the clock control module, the AD control module, the FIFO module, the USB data transmission module and the system starting signal detection module; the upper computer control signal processing module is used for analyzing the command sent from the computer; the piezoelectric control module is used for controlling the generation of an excitation pulse of the piezoelectric control circuit module and the width of the pulse; the clock control module is used for generating a clock signal required by an internal circuit of the FPGA control module; the AD control module is used for controlling the AD analog-to-digital conversion module; the FIFO module is used for realizing the fast cache of the data converted by the AD conversion module; and the USB control module is used for completing the butt joint of the USB module.
4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises: comprises a pressure-resistant sealing cavity and a box-type sampler; the pressure-resistant sealed cavity is used for arranging the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device; and the box type sampler is used for arranging a pressure-resistant sealed piezoelectric longitudinal wave transducer.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the box sampler comprises: at least two transmitting probes and at least two receiving probes; the transmitting probe and the corresponding receiving probe form a corresponding channel; the transmitting probe is connected with the piezoelectric control module; the receiving probe is connected with the preceding stage analog signal processing circuit module.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the deck stowing and releasing device comprises: the winch comprises a retracting bracket, a winch, a controller, a first indicator light and a second indicator light; the deep sea sampler device comprises a deep sea sampler device, a winch, a retractable support, a deep sea sampler device and a winch, wherein the retractable support is fixedly connected to a ship deck, one end of the retractable support is provided with the winch, the winch is provided with a cable, and one end of the cable is connected with the deep sea sampler device; the controller is used for controlling the winch to operate; the first indicator light is used for indicating the bottom contact of the deep sea sampler device and controlling the deep sea sampler device to ascend and descend through the operation of a winch; and the second indicator light is used for indicating that the measurement is finished.
7. A method for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments in situ, which is implemented by the device for automatically measuring longitudinal acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments in situ as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps: the computer judges whether an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module is received or not; if the computer receives an excitation signal sent by the seabed trigger circuit module, the computer selects a transceiving channel; the receiving and transmitting channel comprises a pair of transmitting probes and receiving probes; the computer controls the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device to measure the submarine sediments one by one through the transceiving channel to obtain measuring data; the computer judges whether the switching times of the transceiving channels reach a threshold value; and if the threshold value is reached, transmitting the measured data into the computer by the automatic acoustic wave measuring instrument device.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein if the threshold is not reached, returning to the step of selecting the transceiving channel by the computer.
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| CN1285899C (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-11-22 | 浙江大学 | Fidelity sampling integrated deep sea sediment sampler |
| CN200965495Y (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2007-10-24 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Underwater box type sampler |
| CN1975328A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-06-06 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | Multifrequency submarine acoustic in-situ testing system and method |
| CN101398349B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-11-17 | 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 | In-situ airtight acquisition system for sediment pore water |
| CN201229258Y (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2009-04-29 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Ocean sediment-water interface pollutant flux automatic sampling and monitoring device |
| CN201302527Y (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-09-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Sea water isopressing-driven sub-surface seafloor sediment fidelity sampler |
| CN201548426U (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-08-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multifunctional seabed hydrate sampling device |
| CN101923073B (en) * | 2010-08-28 | 2012-05-09 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Hydraulic drive injection based bottom sediment acoustic characteristic in-situ detecting system |
| CN101975820B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-01-04 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Submarine sediment acoustic parameter in-situ measuring device |
| CN102607887B (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Undisturbed box type sampler for sediment on water surface layers |
| KR101345800B1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-27 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Apparatus for measuring wave transmission velocity and method for measuring wave transmission velocity using thereof |
| CN103969402B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-09-23 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Flux and sediment situ sampling device at the bottom of a kind of Multifunction fishing |
| CN204462080U (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-07-08 | 中国人民解放军92859部队 | The novel acoustic velocity measurement device based on marine bottom sediment |
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