CN104614446B - Acoustic velocity measurement method based on marine bottom sediment - Google Patents
Acoustic velocity measurement method based on marine bottom sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614446B CN104614446B CN201510026451.7A CN201510026451A CN104614446B CN 104614446 B CN104614446 B CN 104614446B CN 201510026451 A CN201510026451 A CN 201510026451A CN 104614446 B CN104614446 B CN 104614446B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an acoustic velocity measurement method based on marine bottom sediment. The method is mainly technically characterized in that a sediment sample tube is placed on a transmitting transducer support, a precision ball screw drives a linear slider to perpendicularly move through a crank handle, so that a receiving transducer is contacted with the top of the sediment sample tube, and a signal processing module calculates the actual distance between a transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer according to a count value measured by a distance measuring sensor; the signal processing module calculates a waveform time delay truth value of the receiving transducer and the transmitting transducer with a time delay measuring method of double-frequency CW (clockwise) pulse; and an acoustic velocity of the marine bottom sediment is calculated through a relation that the acoustic velocity is equal to a quotient obtained by dividing the distance by the time. According to the acoustic velocity measurement method based on marine bottom sediment, the sediment sample tube is placed between the receiving transducer and the transmitting transducer, the distance between the receiving transducer and the transmitting transducer is measured by the distance measuring sensor, the acoustic velocity of the marine bottom sediment is measured with the signal time delay measuring method of double-frequency CW pulse, higher time delay measuring accuracy is achieved, and an automatic detection function is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acoustic velocity measutement technical field, especially a kind of sonic velocity measurement method based on bottom sediment.
Background technology
At present, mainly there are following two measurement apparatus for bottom sediment acoustic velocity measutement：One kind is National Bureau of Oceanography one
Acoustic velocity measurement device is constructed using WSD-3 digital sound wave instrument in the seabed sediment acoustics characteristic research of place, another kind is wide
A kind of seabed based on sound wave probe of eastern polytechnical university's Electrical and Mechanical Engineering College and Chinese Academy of Sciences's South Sea institute of oceanography joint development
Deposit acoustic velocity measurement device.Above two acoustic velocity measurement device is illustrated respectively below：
With the acoustic velocity measurement device that WSD-3 digital sound waves instrument builds, the time delay estimation side of pulse front edge detection is used
Method.Its transmitting transducer frequency is respectively 25kHz, six kinds of 50kHz, 100kHz, 150kHz, 200kHz, 250kHz, acoustic characteristic
The length vernier caliper measurement of test specimen in use, precision is 0.1mm.Sample diameter 104mm that gravity corer is obtained,
Length between 500～3000mm, average length 1093mm.The advantage of the measurement apparatus is：Sample length is big, and length is surveyed
Amount device required precision is low, simple structure；The shortcoming of the measurement apparatus is：Transducer is little, and operating frequency is low, sample length mistake
Greatly, measurement result is the synthesis result of each surface sediments velocity of sound, affects measurement.
Based on transmitting transducer frequency 40kHz that the bottom sediment acoustic velocity measurement device of sound wave probe is adopted, sample
Length 300mm.The shortcoming of the measurement apparatus is：Sound wave probe sensitivity is low, there is extra disturbance to sample；Frequency is low, medium
Interior sound field is complicated.
In sum, existing bottom sediment acoustic velocity measurement device is primarily present problems with：(1) employ plane to send out
Transducer is penetrated, but does not account for the relation between frequency of sound wave, transmitting beamwidth and sample size；Transmitting beamwidth is relative to sample
Product size is generally excessive, and sound wave is formed in sample boundaries and reflected, and causes reception waveform disorderly and unsystematic.(2) time delay is estimated using inspection
The method for surveying Mintrop wave arrival time, on the one hand, affected by system bandwidth, phase shift, Mintrop wave is easily missed, so as to cause time delay
The error of measurement；On the other hand, the detection of Mintrop wave relies primarily on the observation of people, it is difficult to realize automatic detection.(3) due to current state
The manufacturing process of interior special-shaped transducer is not still highly developed, and the price and performance of special-shaped transducer cannot still meet practicality
Demand.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of reasonable in design, certainty of measurement is high and uses
The convenient sonic velocity measurement method based on bottom sediment.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes technical scheme below to realize：
A kind of sonic velocity measurement method based on bottom sediment, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, sediment sample pipe is placed on transmitting transducer support, precision ball screw band is made by wind
Linear slide block is vertically moved, and makes receive transducer and sediment sample pipe top contact, and signal processing module is according to range finding
The count value that sensor is measured is calculated the actual range between transmitting transducer and receive transducer；
Step 2, signal processing module calculate receive transducer and transmitting by the time-delay measuring method of double frequency CW pulses
The waveform time delay true value of transducer；
Step 3, by the velocity of sound=distance/time relationship, be calculated the velocity of sound of bottom sediment.
And, the concrete grammar of the step 2 is：Transmitting transducer launches double frequency CW pulse signals, double frequency CW pulses
By former and later two different frequencies f1And f2CW1 pulses and CW2 pulses composition, wherein：f1=(N+a) f, f2The selection of=Nf, f
Should ensure that phase place is not obscured, N+a and N are mutual prime rwmber, CW1 pulse lengths τ0It is known, CW2 delays τ than CW10, τ be signal send out
It is mapped to the time delay true value of reception；Time delay true value τ is：
Wherein, τd、Time and phase place for the forward position of CW1,For the phase place at CW2 forward positions moment, k1, k2=0,1,
2 ..., k1, k2Value determined by the quality of leading edge detection.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：
1st, the present invention is vertically arranged sediment sample pipe between receive transducer and transmitting transducer, by sensing of finding range
Device measures the accurate distance between transmitting transducer and receive transducer, and using double frequency CW pulse signal time-delay measuring method realities
The velocity of sound function of existing bottom sediment, with higher latency measurement precision, and realizes automatic detection function.
2nd, the present invention, using relatively low operating frequency, reduces Absorption of Medium loss using the transmitting transducer of narrow beam, protects
Card received signal quality, reduces impact of the dielectric stratifying to acoustic velocity measutement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the acoustic velocity measutement system connection diagram of bottom sediment；
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of measuring instrumentss；
Fig. 3 is the pulse of the present invention to structural representation；
In Fig. 1,1- winds, 2- precision ball screws, 3- linear slide blocks, 4- receive transducer supports, 5- receives transducing
Device, 6- sediment sample pipes, 7- transmitting transducer supports, 8- drainings tap, 9- transmitting transducers, 10- bases, 11- is vertically propped up
Frame, 12- distance measuring sensors, 13- measuring instrumentss.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing：
A kind of sonic velocity measurement method based on bottom sediment, is realized in acoustic velocity measutement system as shown in Figure 1,
The system include base 10, vertical support frame 11, wind 1, precision ball screw 2, linear slide block 3, receive transducer support 4,
Receive transducer 5, transmitting transducer support 7, transmitting transducer 9, distance measuring sensor 12 and measuring instrumentss 13.Described vertical
Frame and transmitting transducer support are arranged on base, and described transmitting transducer is arranged on transmitting transducer support, the essence
Close ball-screw is arranged on vertical support frame, and described wind is arranged on the top of precision ball screw, the wind and survey
It is connected and drive distance measuring sensor to rotate around precision ball screw away from sensor, described linear slide block can slide up and down peace
It is mounted on precision ball screw, described receive transducer support level is arranged on the outside of linear slide block, described reception is changed
Energy device is arranged on the bottom of receive transducer support, and sediment sample pipe is provided between receive transducer and transmitting transducer
6, the bottom of the sediment sample pipe is inlaid in transmitting transducer support, is installed in the bottom sidewall of transmitting transducer support
There is a draining tap 8, tap is used for discharging the water of sample cell outflow.Described measuring instrumentss respectively with receive transducer, send out
Penetrate transducer and distance measuring sensor is connected.
As shown in Fig. 2 described measuring instrumentss include signal processing module, D/A module, light-coupled isolation module, power amplifier mould
Block, amplification filtration module, A/D module, the signal processing module is changed by D/A module, light-coupled isolation module, power amplifier module and transmitting
Energy device is connected, and the signal processing module is connected by A/D module, amplification filtration module with receive transducer, the signal transacting
Module is also connected with distance measuring sensor and digital display device.This measuring instruments with signal processing module as core, signal transacting mould
Default digital signal pulses are sent to D/A module by block, while control A/D module to start to gather signal；D/A module believes numeral
Analog signal number is converted into, Jing light-coupled isolation modules pass to power amplifier module, and weak voltage signal is enlarged into high electricity by power amplifier module
The signal of pressure high current promotes transmitting parallel operation to send acoustical signal pulse；Acoustical signal pulses switch is faint telecommunications by receive transducer
Number out-of-band noise is amplified and is filtered through amplifying filtration module, afterwards data signal is converted to by A/D module and obtains transmitting and changed
Accurate distance between energy device and receive transducer.Signal processing module is after distance is measured, then the time delay of double frequency CW pulses
Measuring method is calculated the time delay value (time difference of transmitting-receiving waveform) for being transmitted into reception, finally by the velocity of sound, away from discrete time
Relation, be calculated the deposit velocity of sound.
What the present invention was realized in above-mentioned measuring system, specifically include following steps：
Step 1, sediment sample pipe is placed on transmitting transducer support, precision ball screw band is made by wind
Linear slide block is vertically moved, and makes receive transducer and sediment sample pipe top contact, and signal processing module is according to range finding
The count value that sensor is measured is calculated the actual range between transmitting transducer and receive transducer.
In this step, the count value that distance measuring sensor is measured is multiplied by setting multiplying power and can be sent out by signal processing module
The actual range penetrated between transducer and receive transducer.
Step 2, signal processing module calculate receive transducer and transmitting by the time-delay measuring method of double frequency CW pulses
The waveform time delay true value of transducer.
Signal processing module in measuring instrumentss carries out the calculating of the velocity of sound using the time-delay measuring method of double frequency CW pulses, should
Time-delay measuring method can eliminate the cycle that leading edge detection brings and obscure, while reaching at a relatively high latency measurement precision.Specifically
Method is as follows：
Transmitting transducer launches double frequency CW pulse signals, and double frequency CW pulses are by former and later two different frequencies f1And f2CW arteries and veins
Punching composition, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein f1=(N+a) f, f2The selection of=Nf, f should ensure that phase place is not obscured, and N+a and N is mutual prime rwmber.
CW1 pulse lengths τ0It is known, CW2 delays τ than CW10, τ is transmitted into the time delay true value of reception for signal.
Behind the forward position of detection CW1, delay, τ0As the forward position of CW2, τd、Time and phase place for the forward position of CW1,
For the phase place at CW2 forward positions moment.Then：
Wherein k1, k2=0,1,2 ..., travel through k1, k2Make：
Set up in the range of estimated accuracy.k1, k2Value determined by the quality of leading edge detection, typically will not be very big.In
It is：
Step 3, by the velocity of sound=distance/time relationship, be calculated the velocity of sound of bottom sediment.
It is emphasized that embodiment of the present invention is illustrative, rather than it is determinate, therefore present invention bag
The embodiment for being not limited to described in specific embodiment is included, it is every by those skilled in the art's technology according to the present invention scheme
The other embodiment for drawing, also belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of sonic velocity measurement method based on bottom sediment, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, sediment sample pipe is placed on transmitting transducer support, precision ball screw band moving-wire is made by wind
Property slide block vertically move, make receive transducer and sediment sample pipe top contact, signal processing module is according to range finding sensing
The count value that device is measured is calculated the actual range between transmitting transducer and receive transducer；
Step 2, signal processing module calculate receive transducer and transmitting transducing by the time-delay measuring method of double frequency CW pulses
The waveform time delay true value of device；The concrete grammar of this step is：
Transmitting transducer launches double frequency CW pulse signals, and double frequency CW pulses are by former and later two different frequencies f1And f2CW1 pulses
Constitute with CW2 pulses, wherein：f1=(N+a) f, f2The selection of=Nf, f should ensure that phase place is not obscured, and N+a and N is mutual prime rwmber,
CW1 pulse lengths τ0It is known, CW2 delays τ than CW10, τ is transmitted into the time delay true value of reception for signal；Time delay true value τ
For：
Wherein, τd、Time and phase place for the forward position of CW1,For the phase place at CW2 forward positions moment, k1, k2=0,1,2 ..., time
Go through k1, k2Make：
Step 3, by the velocity of sound=distance/time relationship, be calculated the velocity of sound of bottom sediment.
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| CN108760888A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-06 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Seabed sediment acoustics profile survey device and method |
| CN109696235B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-11-06 | 国家深海基地管理中心 | Deep sea effective sound velocity determination method |
| CN110954907A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-03 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | High-precision sediment acoustic detection device applied to deep sea superficial surface |
| CN113091877B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-07-14 | 上海海洋大学 | Device and method for measuring target strength of acoustic scatterer in water through control |
| CN113866275B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-08-01 | 广东工业大学 | Automatic acoustic layering measurement system and measurement method |
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| US5166910A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-11-24 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method and apparatus for measuring the acoustic velocity |
| CN104237389A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-24 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | Small-scale sedimentary columnar sample sound velocity measuring and sampling platform |
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| US7677104B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2010-03-16 | Chandler Instruments Company, LLC | Acoustic transducer system for nondestructive testing of cement |
| KR101368196B1 (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-28 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Apparatus for measuring wave transmission velocity and method for measuring wave transmission velocity using thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5166910A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-11-24 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method and apparatus for measuring the acoustic velocity |
| CN104237389A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-24 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | Small-scale sedimentary columnar sample sound velocity measuring and sampling platform |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 基于信号相位差的海水声速测量方法研究;陈健;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20120715(第07期);第43-44页 * |
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