CN102607307B - Heat accumulation device - Google Patents
Heat accumulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607307B CN102607307B CN201110021299.5A CN201110021299A CN102607307B CN 102607307 B CN102607307 B CN 102607307B CN 201110021299 A CN201110021299 A CN 201110021299A CN 102607307 B CN102607307 B CN 102607307B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat accumulation device comprising a heat accumulation space, a heat accumulation medium, a heat transmission input device, a heat exchange output device and a heat preservation structure wherein the heat accumulation medium, the heat transmission input device and the heat exchange output device are arranged in the heat accumulation space and the heat preservation structure is located outside the heat accumulation space; the heat accumulation space consists of a plurality of layers of serially connected heat accumulation space units and heat insulation layers between the adjacent heat accumulation space units; and the heat transmission input device and the heat exchange output device are used for carrying out heat transmission and heat exchange in the heat accumulation space, and layered input/output control is carried out on the top and the bottom of the heat accumulation device. Made of low-cost materials such as concrete, magnesia, ceramic, metal plate and the like, the heat accumulation device has low construction cost, stable performance and better performance cost ratio, and is particularly suitable for massively popularizing solar energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-storing device, particularly the heat-storing device in a kind of solar energy heat utilization system.
Background technology
Solar energy is more satisfactory new forms of energy, but has ageing problem on utilizing, and the energy of accepting between sunshine period exceedes required, but cannot play a role after the sunset.Thereby unnecessary energy storage gets up during how at sunshine, for the continuous service of post sunset system, gets and has a surplus with tonifying for the deficiency, becomes and realizes the solar energy heat utilization device key issue of operation continuously.
In existing storage of solar energy technology, there is report or used multiple heat-storage medium.In recent years have to be reported in laboratory and obtain with certain material and make the composite phase-change material (shaping phase-change material) that matrix supports, in order to store heat, but there is the shortcoming that thermal conductivity factor is low in it, and phase-change material undergoes phase transition in heat accumulation process, due to the variation of volume, easily there is to leak the hidden danger of revealing.In addition, industrial also have the ternary aluminum alloy of use in order to as storage material, it has negative effect for thermal storage performance (as parameters such as phase-change thermal storages), and heat accumulating itself carries out solid-liquid phase change repeatedly in the course of the work, and impurity element will affect its serviceability and service life.Existing industrialized solar energy thermal-power-generating unit utilizes inorganic salts to do heat accumulating more at present, but the shortcoming that inorganic salts existed cold-peace to be separated in phase transition process, affected heat storage capacity, and its setting temperature is too high, causing night is to guarantee that it does not solidify the insulation cycling hot of carrying out and loses larger, once system occurs disposing difficulty after freezing point, has potential safety hazard; The pump, the valve that in salt melting system pipeline, use are expensive and service life is also shorter, and inorganic salts have toxicity, easily leak breaking out of fire, and leak can pollution on the environment.
Current international solar energy heat utilization stocking system mainly contains the types of devices such as two direct accumulation of heats of tank, the indirect accumulation of heat of two tank and the accumulation of heat of single tank mesolimnion:
As shown in Figure 1, heat transfer medium is heated in Salar light-gathering field two tank direct energy source storage systems (Two-tank Direct Energy Storage System), also directly as storage medium, is stored in hot tank simultaneously.Heat transfer medium after being heated is driven by pump, through steam generator, and obtains vapours generating.When Salar light-gathering field does not have heat when input, at for example night, heat storage can, because accepting the input of Salar light-gathering field heat daytime, has stored certain heat, still can act on steam generator in certain hour, produces steam and generates electricity; After heat transfer medium after steam generator is cooling, flow back to cold tank; When Salar light-gathering field thermotropism tank provides heat, on the daytime for example becoming a fine day, the heat transfer medium in cold tank is flowed through after light field is heated and is flowed in hot tank, completes energy absorption and storage.This system architecture complexity, required two hot tank costs are higher, and because the temperature upper limit of heat transfer medium is lower, its heat storage capacity is also restricted.
The indirect energy storage system of two tanks (Two-tank Indirect Energy Storage System) as shown in Figure 2, relatively cold fuse salt arrives heat exchanger from cold salt cellar under the driving of melting salt pump, obtain heat with the heat transfer medium heat exchange from solar energy light field, become hot fuse salt; The opposite direction that heat transfer medium after cold fuse salt mobile direction and Salar light-gathering field in heat exchanger are heated flows through; Heat fusing salt after being heated is stored in hot tank under the driving of pump for liquid salts.When heat-storage medium generates electricity, heat fusing salt flows out from hot tank, and through steam generator, heat fusing salt becomes cold fuse salt, flows into cold tank.Two direct heat reservoirs of tank of comparing, this system can store more heat; Its shortcoming is still to need two expensive heat storage cans, and the corrosive high-temperature fusion salt of demand motive, and after solidifying, needs heat accumulation salt to preheat, and makes it become fuse salt state, to drive; Complicated integral structure, operating cost is high.
Above two kinds of modes all can make most of heat energy storage obtain high-grade utilization in theory, and the heat-storage medium that finally flows out hot tank also can keep the condition of high temperature, therefore can obtain from start to finish the steam of high-temperature, thereby have the efficient generating efficiency of continuing.
As shown in Figure 3, the top of single tank is high-temperature medium to single tank mesolimnion energy storage system (Single-tank Thermocline Energy Storage System), and bottom is relative low temperature medium; When heat accumulation, the cryogenic media inflow heat exchanger of bottom, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium generation heat exchange with having accepted solar heat, obtains the temperature close with it, flows into afterwards the top area of single tank, completes heat accumulation process; When heat release, high-temperature medium flows out from single tank top, through over-heat-exchanger, heat is given to heat transfer medium as steam, pushing turbine generating, and high-temperature medium temperature reduces, and from heat exchanger, flows into single pot bottom, completes heat release.This heat storage can has vertical temperature gradient, the high-quality of can trying one's best carry out heat utilization, even but after commercialization or industrialization, holistic cost is still expensive, and system still cannot avoid the corrosivity of high-temperature fusion salt and solidify after heating and melting process.
Described above is to use in the world commonplace heat reservoir at present, the target of utilizing in order to obtain thermal energy storage and high-grade, all used and there is mobility, can carry out the heat-storage medium of locus transfer, so the equal more complicated of the overall structure of existing system, manufacture and operating cost are high; In addition, above-mentioned heat-storage medium is mostly poisonous and have strong corrosivity, exists after revealing and easily produces the problems such as fire, contaminated environment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a kind of low cost, environmental protection are provided, have there is the heat-storing device of good natural mesolimnion (Thermocline) character, heat-storage medium needn't have mobility, locus of living in is substantially motionless, between high low-temperature region, be difficult for heat transmission occurs and cause samming situation, therefore apparatus structure is simple, reliable, and can efficiently realize the utilization of heat energy high-grade, can be applicable to various heat accumulation application, particularly Solar Energy Heat Utilization System.
According to the present invention, a kind of heat-storing device is provided, comprise heat accumulation space, be placed in heat-storage medium, heat transfer input unit, the heat exchange output device in described heat accumulation space and be positioned at the insulation construction of outside, described heat accumulation space, it is characterized in that, the thermal insulation layer of arranging between the heat accumulation space cell of being connected by multilayer in described heat accumulation space and every layer of heat accumulation space cell forms, and described heat transfer input unit and heat exchange output device, in described heat accumulation space, heat-storage medium is completed to heat biography and heat is changed; And in the top in described heat accumulation space and bottom heat accumulation space cell, implement hierarchical control.
Described thermal insulation layer is arranged between each heat accumulation space cell, to reach, slow down the heat transmission occurring due to the temperature difference between each heat accumulation space cell, to guarantee that temperature can not decline because the samming trend of the inside of heat-storing device causes temperature grade compared with high high-grade heat, thereby realize effective thermal energy storage and utilization.
In further embodiment, when heat-storing device vertical, described thermal insulation layer has good mechanical support effect, has the ability of the weight that supports this layer of above heat-storing device of described thermal insulation layer; Described thermal insulation layer is certain thickness heat-barrier material, for example calcium silicate board, thickness 10mm～300mm; Described calcium silicate board at high temperature heat transfer efficiency is approximately 0.07～0.08W/ (m.k), there is good heat-proof quality and effect of heat insulation, withstand voltage 0.8MPa, makes between multiple heat accumulation space cells, to have obvious thermograde and mechanical support stability.
Preferably, described heat-storage medium is heat accumulation concrete, magnesia, heat storage brick, metal, rock, sand; Further, in each layer of described heat-storage medium, place the highly heat-conductive materials such as sheet metal, wire and fill, to improve the heat transfer property energy in each unit, improve heat transfer heat transfer rate.
Preferably, described heat transfer input unit comprises the heat transfer medium in heat transfer intake line and heat transfer intake line, and described heat transfer intake line distributes through described heat accumulation space; Further, on described heat transfer intake line, fin is set.
Preferably, described heat exchange output device comprises the heat transferring medium in heat exchange output pipe and heat exchange output pipe, and described heat exchange output pipe distributes through described heat accumulation space; Further, on heat exchange output pipe, fin is set.
Preferably, in described heat accumulation space cell, described heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe are not in contact with one another in heat accumulation space, input and output loop is coupled by heat-storage medium, for example, in Solar Energy Heat Utilization System, when there is fluctuation in illumination condition, the fluctuation that input power changes the input circuit thermal parameter of bringing can directly not affect the stability of output loop thermal parameter, thereby guarantee that heat utilization device working stability is reliable, make the control of solar energy light collecting field become simple simultaneously.
Preferably, described heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe run through each heat storage units and thermal insulation layer; Further, the general export of the main entrance of heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe is positioned at the high-temperature heat-storage space cell end in heat accumulation space, and the main entrance of the general export of heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe is positioned at the low temperature heat accumulation space cell end in heat accumulation space.
In further embodiment, described heat accumulation space cell is comprised of multiple series connection heat accumulation space cells, in described each heat accumulation space cell, arrange multiple fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks, each concrete heat storage blocks internal placement has conducts heat and heat exchanging pipe, multiple fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks is spliced into a heat accumulation space cell of annular composition, each like this heat storage blocks volume weight is unlikely to too large, convenient manufacture, installation and maintenance.
In further embodiment, the heat transfer in the each fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks in described each heat accumulation space cell and heat exchanging pipe head and the tail are interconnected to form the pipeline of unidirectional perforation.
In further embodiment, the pipeline of the unidirectional perforation in described adjacent every string heat accumulation space cell is mutually linked in sequence and forms the perforation pipeline in Integral sealing heat accumulation space.
In further embodiment, the heat transfer in described integral sealing heat accumulation space and heat exchanging pipe the perforation pipeline of each self-forming can be designed to separately two or more pieces.
In further embodiment, described many heat transfer can entirety be arranged in juxtaposition, in identical or approaching Position Design gateway or share a gateway independently separately.
In further embodiment, described many heat transfer can be arranged in juxtaposition part, the different Position Design of each leisure one or more gateways independently separately.
In further embodiment, described many heat exchanging pipes can entirety be arranged in juxtaposition, in identical or approaching Position Design gateway or share a gateway independently separately.
In further embodiment, described many heat exchanging pipes can be arranged in juxtaposition part, the different Position Design of each leisure one or more gateways independently separately.
In further embodiment, the layering heat transfer control module of the bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell composition in described heat accumulation space, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is the corresponding control valve of arranging respectively, in diabatic process, taking layering input to conduct heat controls, be that the temperature rise of relative upper strata high-temperature heat-storage space cell is during to critical excitation (after conducting heat, the output temperature of heat transfer medium is still too high to critical point), this layer of corresponding output control valve closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell, start the heat transfer cycle system of this adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell, until the temperature rise of this layer of heat accumulation space cell is during to critical excitation, open again the heat transfer cycle system under this layer, by that analogy, until finally open bottom heat accumulation space cell, complete the heat transfer of integral high-temperature grade.Thereby in the storage process that makes to conduct heat, obtained heat energy is stored with the condition of high temperature as far as possible, improve and store grade.
In further embodiment, the layering heat exchange control module of the top multilayer heat accumulation space cell composition in described heat accumulation space, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is the corresponding control valve of arranging respectively, in heat transfer process, take the heat exchange control of layering output, be that the temperature of relative lower floor high-temperature heat-storage space cell is while dropping to critical excitation (after heat exchange, the output temperature of heat transferring medium is low to moderate critical point), this layer of output control valve closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell, start the heat exchange circulatory system to this adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell, until the temperature of this layer of heat accumulation space cell is while dropping to critical excitation, open again the heat exchange circulatory system on this layer, by that analogy, until finally open top layer heat accumulation space cell, complete the heat exchange of integral high-temperature grade.Thereby make heat exchange utilize the low-grade energy heat exchange that preferentially can also utilize in process to be output as heat transferring medium preheating, and only using high temperature heat source as final heat exchange, use, realize the maximum using of high-grade thermal source.
In further embodiment, the heat transfer system of this heat-storing device can store respectively or simultaneously the heat of different temperatures grade: the heat transfer medium of high-temperature grade I (for example comes from the heat transfer medium of tower type solar, 550 ℃ of temperature) select the heat transfer intake line entrance of the slightly low temperature heat storage units position from approaching most I temperature grade to enter, the preferential heat being carried saves as high temperature condition as far as possible, then continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in, the rest may be inferred, until flow out from outlet the most nearby after arriving the minimum temperature point allowing, meanwhile, heat-storing device carries out the heat transfer medium of temperature grade II in another road (for example, from the heat transfer medium of groove type solar, 350 ℃ of temperature) import into, its heat transfer medium selects the heat transfer intake line entrance of the slightly low temperature heat storage units position from approaching most II temperature grade to enter, the preferential heat being carried saves as high temperature condition as far as possible, then continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in, the rest may be inferred, until flow out from outlet the most nearby after arriving the minimum temperature point allowing, the heat transfer intake line of the heat transfer medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this storage device receive the heat that stores the various grades in various sources with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, practical more economically.
In further embodiment, the heat-exchange system of this heat-storing device can be exported respectively or simultaneously the heat of different temperatures grade: the heat transferring medium of high-temperature grade I selects the heat exchange output pipe outlet of the slightly high-temperature heat-storage space cell position from approaching most I temperature grade to flow out that (for example temperature is higher than 435 ℃, be applied to steam turbine power generation), preferentially use the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible to carry out preheating, when this heat accumulation space cell temperature cannot meet output temperature condition, continue again to extract to last layer heat accumulation space cell the heat of higher temperature, the rest may be inferred, until arrive temperature required, meanwhile, the heat that heat-storing device carries out the middle temperature grade II on another road swaps out, its heat exchange heat transmission medium also selects the heat exchange output pipe outlet of the slightly high-temperature heat-storage space cell position of temperature grade II from the most approaching to flow out (about 200 ℃ of for example temperature, be applied to industrial steam), preferentially use the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible, when this heat accumulation space cell temperature cannot meet output temperature condition, continue again a upwards heat accumulation space cell and extract the heat of higher temperature, the rest may be inferred, until arrive temperature required, the heat exchange output pipe of the heat transferring medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this heat-storing device that the heat output of various grades can be provided with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, practical more economically.
Preferably, described insulation construction is comprised of the material with low thermal conductivity, is positioned at the outside in heat accumulation space.
Preferably, the heat energy of described heat-storing device is from solar energy.
Preferably, described heat-storing device is as the heat-storing device of slot type focused solar energy system.
Preferably, more than described heat-storing device is vertically built in ground, in the heat-storing device as tower type focusing solar energy system, also as the supporter of receiving system in tower type focusing solar energy system or a part for supporter.
Preferably, the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit (HTU) in described heat-storing device adopts low-melting-point metal or the alloys such as fuse salt or sodium metal, potassium.
Preferably, the heat transferring medium in the heat-exchanger rig in described heat-storing device adopts water-steam.
Airtight heat-storing device of the present invention is due to heat-storage medium have drawn from river sand, magnesia, concrete, the lower cost materials such as rock, slag, pottery, metallic plate and locus are not moved substantially, therefore this apparatus cost is low, and stable performance, there is good cost performance, completely pollution-free, be particularly suitable for large-scale promotion solar energy and utilize needed heat-storing device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiment of the invention scheme is described in detail, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is two tank direct energy source storage system overall schematic of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the indirect energy storage system overall schematic of two tanks of prior art;
Fig. 3 is single tank mesolimnion energy storage system overall schematic of prior art;
Fig. 4 is the heat-storing device overall structure schematic diagram of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the heat-storing device of the embodiments of the invention procedure chart that is heated;
Fig. 6 is the heat-storing device heat transfer process figure of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of concrete heat-storage medium of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the heat accumulation space cell structural representation of the second embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the heat accumulation space integral arrangement of the second embodiment;
Figure 10 be in the heat accumulation space of the 3rd embodiment, conduct heat, heat exchange operational mode schematic diagram.
Description of symbols in Fig. 1-3:
101-Salar light-gathering field; 102-cold oil tank; 103-deep fat tank;
104-steam generator; 105-natural gas; 106-superheated steam;
107-turbine; 108-generator; 109-condenser;
110-cooling tower; 201-Salar light-gathering field; 202-heat exchanger;
203-hot melt salt cellar; The cold tank of 204-fused salt; 205-solar energy superheater;
206-boiler; 207-steam generator; 208-solar energy preheater;
209-solar energy reheater; 210-soaker; 211-steam turbine;
212-condenser; 213-low pressure reheater; 301-Salar light-gathering field;
302-heat exchanger; The mono-tank mesolimnion of 303-holding vessel;
305-solar energy superheater; 306-boiler; 307-steam generator;
308-solar energy preheater; 309-solar energy reheater; 310-soaker;
311-steam turbine; 312-condenser; 313-low pressure reheater.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 4 is the heat-storing device overall structure schematic diagram of embodiments of the invention.As shown in the figure, the heat-storing device of the present embodiment, comprises heat accumulation space 2, is placed in heat-storage medium 3, heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 and external insulation structure 13 in this heat accumulation space 2; The series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 that described heat accumulation space has thermal insulation layer 6 by multilayer forms, for example 10 layers, entirety is cylindrical, height and diameter ratio, for example 1～5: 1, described heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 complete in described heat accumulation space 2 that heat passes and heat is changed; Between every layer of heat accumulation space cell 15, be furnished with thermal insulation layer 6, the top in described heat accumulation space 2 and interior output and the input control of implementing respectively layering of bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell 15.
Between described heat accumulation space cell 15 and heat accumulation space cell 15, by certain thickness thermal insulation layer 6, separated thermal insulation board, for example calcium silicate board, thickness 10mm～300mm; Described calcium silicate board at high temperature heat transfer efficiency is approximately 0.07～0.08W/ (m.k), there is good heat-proof quality and effect of heat insulation, withstand voltage 0.8MPa, makes between multiple heat accumulation space cells, to have obvious thermograde and mechanical support stability.Between multiple heat accumulation space cells, there is obvious thermograde, the temperature difference of every two adjacent heat accumulation space cells is greater than 25 ℃, the series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 that multilayer has a thermal insulation layer 6 has guaranteed the stability of the thermograde that the high-end temperature of high end position and the low side temperature of lower position form well, reduces axial temperature diffusion tendency.
Heat transfer input unit 4 comprises the heat transfer medium in heat transfer intake line 9 and heat transfer intake line 9, and heat transfer intake line 9 spirals are through described heat accumulation space 2; And spiral advance diameter rule change, on heat transfer intake line 9, fin is set, to increase its heat transfer area to heat-storage medium 3, improve heat transfer rate; Heat transfer medium preferable alloy or inorganic salts or conduction oil, metal is preferably SODIUM METAL, potassium, zinc, aluminium or its alloy, and inorganic salts are preferably nitrate, carbonate or chlorate etc. and composition thereof.Heat exchange output device 5 comprises the heat transferring medium in heat exchange output pipe 10 and heat exchange output pipe 10, and heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals are through described heat accumulation space 2, and its spiral diameter rule of advancing changes, and on heat exchange output pipe 10, fin is set.Diameter and the heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals diameter complementation of advancing of advancing of heat transfer intake line 9 spirals, when being conveyed into pipe 9 spirals, heat advances diameter while diminishing gradually, the heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals diameter of advancing is conveyed on pipe co-altitude and becomes gradually large in described heat, and vice versa; Conduct heat as shown in the figure mutually not the contacting of intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10, input and output loop is coupled by heat-storage medium, for example, in Solar Energy Heat Utilization System, when there is fluctuation in illumination condition, the fluctuation that input power changes the input circuit thermal parameter of bringing can directly not affect the stability of output loop thermal parameter, thereby guarantee that heat utilization device working stability is reliable, make the control of solar energy light collecting field become simple simultaneously; Heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals run through the thermal insulation layer 6 of each heat accumulation space cell and every layer; The general export of the main entrance of heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 is positioned at the high-temperature heat-storage space cell end in heat accumulation space 2, and the main entrance of the general export of heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 is positioned at the low temperature heat accumulation space cell end in heat accumulation space 2.
The heat of the acceptance of Salar light-gathering field is connected in the heat transfer input unit 4 of native system, the general export of the main entrance of heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 is positioned at heat accumulation space cell 15 ends of the high temperature in heat accumulation space 2, be positioned at the top in heat accumulation space 2, to facilitate the High Efficiency Thermal conduction in heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5, the heat of Salar light-gathering field is changed to and from heat-storing device inside swap out heat inner to heat-storing device.Heat exchange output device 5 by high-grade heat delivery to being connected in outside acting device, for example heat engine, the interior layout heat transferring medium of heat exchange output pipe 10, this heat transferring medium is water-steam or air; Can obtain constantly high-grade water vapour or hot-air, high-temperature water vapor or hot-air enter heat engine acting, obtain machine power or generating.Heat transfer intake line 9 and the preferred disposed outside fin of heat exchange output pipe 10 or be designed to helical form, and fin clearance or helix pitch can be different at diverse location, other space in heat accumulation space 2 is full of heat-storage medium 3, conventional heat-storage medium 3 can be used liquid heat-storage medium and solid-state heat-storage medium, liquid heat-storage medium can be heat accumulation oil or conduction oil, fuse salt, these are described above, there is its weak point, for example poisonous, easily leak, pollute, cost is high, or limited by the temperature upper limit of itself, the problems such as the heat that exists unit volume to store is few, the preferred heat-storage medium 3 of the present invention is solid heat-storage medium, more be optimized for heat accumulation concrete, magnesia, heat storage brick, metal, rock, slag and sand etc., speciality concrete and magnesia (MgO, as reheating magnesia), thermal capacitance is high, density is large, therefore there is very high volumetric specific heat capacity, there is very high heat storage capacity, high heat storage temperature can reach 800 ℃, and cost is lower, be easy to storage, handling safety, to environment without any negative effect, without leakage problem, exist, stopped the environmental issue of existing heat-storage medium, in addition, in order to make up concrete or the not too high shortcoming of magnesia conductivity, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radially heat accumulation concrete in each unit, in magnesia medium, add sheet metal, the highly heat-conductive materials such as silk, to promote the radially capacity of heat transmission of heat-storage medium, make the capacity of heat transmission between each unit low simultaneously as far as possible, and can be on axial length variable cross-section layout, to obtain heat storage capacity and the heat insulation effect that required different temperatures section is different, the media such as concrete or heat accumulation magnesia do not have phase transformation in whole process, belong to sensible heat heat accumulation, there is no obvious stereomutation, overcome contingent chemical reaction in existing most of heat-storage medium phase transformation, leak, pollute poisonous etc. deficiency.
As shown in Figure 4, for the structure in more clear explanation heat accumulation space 2, in figure, illustrate the heat accumulation space cell 15 of the diverse location in heat accumulation space 2, be respectively heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2,15-3,15-4,15-5 and be described.The traffic direction of intake line 9 interior heat transfer mediums of conducting heat shown in figure is contrary with the heat transferring medium traffic direction in heat exchange output pipe 10, heat transfer medium enters from the heat accumulation space cell 15-5 in heat accumulation space 2, to the interior transfer heat in heat accumulation space 2, complete heat accumulation process; Heat transferring medium enters from the heat accumulation space cell 15-1 in heat accumulation space 2, in heat accumulation space 2, takes away heat, completes heat transfer process.
Fig. 5 is the procedure chart that is heated of the heat-storing device of embodiments of the invention, and the heat transfer medium spiral heat transfer intake line 9 that diameter rule changes of advancing of flowing through, to heat-storing device heating, makes its intensification.The layering heat transfer control module of the bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell composition in heat accumulation space, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is the corresponding control valve of arranging respectively, in diabatic process, taking layering input to conduct heat controls, be that the temperature rise of relative upper strata high-temperature heat-storage space cell is during to critical excitation (after conducting heat, the output temperature of heat transfer medium is high to critical point), this layer of corresponding output control valve closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell, start the heat transfer cycle system of this layer of heat accumulation space cell, until the temperature rise of this layer of heat accumulation space cell is during to critical excitation, open again the heat transfer cycle system under this layer, by that analogy, until finally open bottom heat accumulation space cell, complete the heat transfer of integral high-temperature grade.
In this heat-storing device, heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and 15-1 composition layering heat transfer control module, the control valve acquiescence of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 is opened, and the control valve of 15-1 acquiescence is closed.Concrete entirety is subject to thermal process to be: suppose that heat-storing device is through continuing night after heat release, the temperature of the interior heat-storage medium 3 in heat accumulation space 2 is all down to 150～250 ℃ of left and right, while being step 5-a, heat transfer medium is flowed through in heat accumulation space 2, from 15-5 unit, heat accumulation space, start to heat heat-storage medium 3, pass through heat accumulation space cell 15-4,15-3 and 15-2 midway, and in initial diabatic process, heat-storage medium is without heat accumulation space cell 15-1, during heat-storage medium 3 process heat accumulation space cell 15-2, heat transfer medium has discharged most of heat, after the heat transfer of certain hour, be step 5-b, it is close with the heat transfer medium temperature of input time that the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-5 has obtained, now heat transfer medium discharges certain heat through heat accumulation space cell 15-4, heat transfer medium temperature declines to some extent, during through heat accumulation space cell 15-3, heat transfer medium continues release heat, its bulk temperature continuous decrease, at heat accumulation space cell, 15-2 still has certain thermal release, heat transfer medium temperature in whole process is all declining, and heat-storage medium 3 temperature are all rising, again through after a period of time, be step 5-c, heat accumulation space cell 15-4 obtains and the temperature of heat transfer medium input time substantially to heat-storage medium 3 temperature in the space of heat accumulation space cell 15-3, now heat transfer medium is less to heat accumulation space cell 15-3 release heat through heat accumulation space cell 15-5, it mainly heats the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-2, again after certain hour, be step 5-d, the heat-storage medium 3 temperature substantially constants that are heated in heat accumulation space 2 have for example 550～650 ℃ of very high temperature simultaneously, now, if when solar energy light field still has a large amount of heats to transfer to heat-storing device, starting to take layering input to conduct heat controls, be step 5-e, by the heat accumulation space cell of heat accumulation space 2 bottoms, for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1, open and conduct heat, increase one deck heat accumulation space cell, now heat transfer medium is through heat accumulation space cell 15-5, 15-4, 15-3, during 15-2, only has the release of little heat, while reaching heat accumulation space cell 15-1, heat discharges in a large number, heat-storage medium 3 temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 sharply rise, after certain hour, this heat accumulation space cell 15-1 heat heat accumulation completes.
If still there is heat transmission solar energy mirror field, use the mode of foregoing description to take layering input heat transfer to control, again open the lower floor heat accumulation space cell adjacent with heat accumulation space cell 15-1, complete the more storage of multipotency.At the initial stage of being heated, hour, heat accumulation space 2 internal cause multilayers have the series connection heat accumulation space cell structure of layer to quantity of heat storage, in axial direction can there is obvious thermograde in it, entrance is high, export low, but porch also can obtain absorb the approaching high-temperature region of temperature.Along with quantity of heat storage increases, this temperature province can expand gradually, to exit development, and the state until final heat accumulation space 2 all reaches a high temperature.
The present invention is because the heat accumulation space 2 that adopts multilayer to have the series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 of thermal insulation layer 6 is designed, heat energy is very low in the transmission speed of spatial axis direction, no matter under the low or high state of quantity of heat storage, all can keep thermograde clearly at certain hour, form good mesolimnion effect; And the heat transfer intake line 9 of heat accumulation space cell in heat accumulation space is to relatively easy many of heat-storage medium transferring heat, and in order further to accelerate radially to go up transferring heat, the present invention upwards designs fin or at the interior filling sheet metal of heat-storage medium 3, silk in the footpath of heat transfer output pipe 9, and can in the axial direction in heat accumulation space 2, be designed to variable cross-section, to facilitate more heat input.
Fig. 6 is the heat-storing device heat transfer process figure of embodiments of the invention, heat-storage medium 3 heat exchange to the spiral in heat-storing device advance diameter rule change heat exchange output pipe 10, by the heat transferring medium heat temperature raising of flowing through in spiral heat exchange output pipe 10.As shown in the figure, complete after whole heat accumulation processes, heat-storage medium 3 temperature in whole heat accumulation space 2 are basically identical, there is very high temperature grade, for example 650 ℃, heat accumulation space 2 need to be changed heat to heat transferring medium, and the heat transferring medium of high temperature is sent to outside acting device by heat, for example heat engine, does work.Described heat exchange output device 5 is placed in 2 tops, heat accumulation space, structure can be designed to helical form or add fin structure, and the spacing of spiral or the gap of fin can arrange difference in different regions, mainly in order to obtain more heat exchange area, make to complete in its shortest time swapping out of institute's calorific requirement, the opposite direction that the heat transfer medium in the heat transferring medium in heat exchange output device 5 and heat transfer input unit 4 is advanced.
The layering heat exchange control module of the top multilayer heat accumulation space cell composition in heat accumulation space, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is the corresponding control valve of arranging respectively, takes the heat exchange control of layering output in heat transfer process.In this heat-storing device, heat accumulation space cell 15-3,15-4 and 15-5 composition layering heat exchange control module, the control valve acquiescence of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 is opened, and the control valve of 15-4 and 15-4 acquiescence is closed.Heat transfer medium enters from the heat accumulation space cell 15-5 in airtight heat accumulation space 2, from heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and 15-1, go out, and heat transferring medium enters from the 15-1 unit, heat accumulation space in airtight heat accumulation space 2, from the port of heat accumulation space cell 15-3, go out, when heat accumulation space cell 15-3 reaches after heat exchange critical condition, take the heat exchange control of layering output, be that the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 is while dropping to critical excitation (after heat exchange, the output temperature of heat transferring medium is low to moderate critical point), this layer of output control valve closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell 15-4, start the heat exchange circulatory system to this layer of heat accumulation space cell, until the temperature of this layer of heat accumulation space cell 15-4 is while dropping to critical excitation, open again the heat exchange circulatory system on this layer, by that analogy, until finally open top layer heat accumulation space cell, complete the heat exchange of integral high-temperature grade.
The heat transfer process of concrete entirety is: step 6-a, heat transferring medium is water such as, from heat accumulation space cell, 15-1 enters, liquid heat transfer medium for example becomes rapidly water vapour after water heat absorption, through 15-2 unit, heat accumulation space, carry out overheated heating, from heat accumulation space cell 15-3 exit, substantially obtain the outlet temperature close with heat-storage medium 3 maximum temperatures, because heat-storage medium 3 is that closed structure is highly for example 100m, heat transferring medium is through heat exchange output device 5, before the heat accumulation space cell 15-2 of heat-storing device, just obtain the steam that is superheated to 535 ℃, and in the process of the heat-storage medium 3 of process back segment, because of temperature close, substantially need be from the release of the heat of the heat accumulation space cell 15-2 in heat accumulation space 2 and heat accumulation space cell 15-3, the temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and heat accumulation space cell 15-3 remains unchanged, when the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 declines, for example water/water vapour of heat transferring medium does not reach required high-temperature, therefore continuing the middle continuation heat absorption that moves ahead, until temperature rise is to required maximum temperature numerical value, now from heat exchange output pipe 10 periphery heat-storage mediums 3, resorbent heat is little, the temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of the heat accumulation space cell 15-2 after this position and heat accumulation space cell 15-3 does not decline substantially, whole process is the process that heat-storage medium 3 is lowered the temperature to heat accumulation space cell 15-2 gradually from heat accumulation space cell 15-1, but the heat-storing device of the present invention's design, there is the heat-storage medium 3 of multilayer insulation 6 and multilayer series connection heat accumulation space cell 15, for example heat accumulation concrete or magnesia, temperature conduction ability is very low in the axial direction, thermograde on can forming axially within the regular hour, this heat accumulation space 2 can form good mesolimnion in the process of heat exchange, heat accumulation space cell 15-3 is until heat exchange finally can keep temperature high-grade, make heat transferring medium to beginning to all keeping eventually high-grade output, keep high efficiency.After the heat exchange of a period of time of step 6-b, the temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 reduces, and the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 also starts to reduce, but the range of decrease is less, and the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 remains unchanged always, when heat transferring medium leaves from heat accumulation space cell 15-3, also keeping the high temperature close with heat accumulation space cell 15-3.After the heat exchange of a period of time of step 6-c, there is the huge range of decrease in heat accumulation space cell 15-1 temperature again, and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 temperature starts to have had obvious reduction, and now the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 still keeps high temperature constant; In the final stage of heat exchange, it is violent that the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 all declines, and now the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 still keeps high temperature, heat transferring medium is from heat accumulation space cell 15-1 and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 preheating, enter heat accumulation space cell 15-3, at the heat of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 receiving portion with after overheated, from heat accumulation space cell 15-3 port, export, temperature is now still close with the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 output port, until heat exchange critical excitation; Start step 6-d, take the heat exchange control of layering output, open heat accumulation space cell 15-4 and carry out heat exchange, now heat transferring medium carries out preheating through heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2,15-3, obtain part heat, during through heat accumulation space cell 15-4, complete high-grade heat and swap out; When heat accumulation space cell 15-4 is during in critical excitation, open new heat exchange, i.e. step 6-e, unlatching heat accumulation space cell 15-5 identical with aforesaid way completes high-grade heat output of a new round; Heat transfer medium all keeps high-grade heat output in whole heat transfer process, has high efficiency.
What be worth stressing is, owing to adopting multilayer to have in the design in heat accumulation space 2 of the series connection heat accumulation space cell composition of thermal insulation layer 6, heat energy is lower in the transmittability of spatial axis direction, no matter under the low or high state of quantity of heat storage, all can keep thermograde clearly at certain hour, form good mesolimnion effect; And the interior heat-storage medium 3 in heat accumulation space 2 is to relatively easy many of heat exchange output pipe 10 transferring heats, and in order further to accelerate the footpath heat that upwards swaps out, the present invention upwards designs fin or at the interior filling sheet metal of heat-storage medium 3, wire in the footpath of heat exchange output pipe 10.
Fig. 7 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of concrete heat-storage medium of the present invention; The heat-storing device of the present embodiment, comprises heat accumulation space 2, is placed in heat-storage medium 3, heat transfer input unit 4, heat exchange output device 5 and external insulation structure 13 in this heat accumulation space 2; Described heat accumulation space is comprised of multilayer insulation 6 and series connection heat accumulation space cell, the interior layout heat-storage medium of heat accumulation space cell 15 concrete heat storage blocks 16,16-1 as shown in the figure, 16-3 is different fan-shaped heat storage blocks, each heat accumulation space cell comprises multiple internal placement the fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks 16 of heat transfer 9 and heat exchanging pipe 10, this concrete has multiple material composite solidification to form that (raw material packet contains, basalt aggregate, slag aggregate, aluminate cement, slag powders, silicon powder, concave convex rod etc.), density reachable to 2.8～3.5g/cm
3, compression strength 40～60MPa, rupture strength 8～12MPa, volume specific volume 100～150kWh/m
3, thermal conductivity 1.5～3W/ (mk), 900 ℃ of refractory temperatures.Heat accumulation space cell 15 controls by multiple concrete heat storage blocks the entirety circularizing by rule, each pipeline of each fan-shaped concrete block interconnects at the interior ring of annular, forms respectively heat transfer 9 and the heat exchanging pipe 10 of separate and complete perforation; The thermal insulation layer 6 of certain thickness good thermo-insulation properties is arranged at the two ends of the heat accumulation space cell of annular, for example calcium silicate board, its thermal conductivity is 0.07W/ (mk), compression strength 0.8MPa, there is good isolated temperature performance, to obtain between each heat accumulation space cell, obtain thermograde, whole heat accumulation space forms good mesolimnion.
Fig. 8 is the heat accumulation space cell structural representation of the second embodiment; Heat accumulation space cell comprises the thermal insulation layer 6 of end face and middle concrete heat accumulation ring piece as shown in Figure 8.Concrete heat accumulation ring piece is formed by multiple fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks regular arrangement, heat transfer and the heat exchanging pipe of each fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks internal placement screw arrangement, fan-shaped small curve inner termination is stretched out heat transfer 9 and heat exchanging pipe 10, pipeline joins end to end, 4 terminations are stretched out in the fan-shaped termination of each concrete heat storage blocks as shown in Figure 7, two input terminations (conduct heat input termination and heat exchange input termination) and two output terminations (conduct heat output termination and heat exchange input termination), each adjacent fan-shaped concrete heat storage blocks, for example concrete heat storage blocks 16-1 and concrete heat storage blocks 16-2 pipeline join end to end mutually, form respectively the heat transfer and the output pipe that run through, as shown in the figure, concrete heat storage blocks 16-1, 16-2, 16-3, the heat transfer output termination of heat storage blocks 16-2 and heat exchange output termination are connected to respectively heat transfer input termination and the heat exchange input termination of heat storage blocks 16-1, the heat transfer input termination of heat storage blocks 16-2 and heat exchange input termination are connected to respectively heat transfer output termination and the heat exchange output termination of heat storage blocks 16-3.
The connection that mutually joins end to end of pipeline between heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2 and 15-3, forms respectively the heat transfer and the output pipe (Fig. 8 is not shown) that run through; In the concrete heat accumulation ring of each heat accumulation space cell, there are the input termination and output termination of a fan-shaped heat storage blocks, method of attachment is different from Fig. 7 mode, the heat transfer input termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2 and heat exchange input termination are connected to heat transfer output and the heat exchange output termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2, and the heat transfer output termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2 and heat exchange output termination are connected to heat transfer input termination and the heat exchange input termination of heat transfer space unit 15-1.
Described heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 complete heat biography in described heat accumulation space 2 and heat is changed.Between the described for example 15-1 of heat accumulation space cell that faces mutually series connection and 15-2, use certain thickness thermal insulation layer 6 to separate, between multiple heat accumulation space cells, there is obvious thermograde, the temperature difference of every two adjacent heat accumulation space cells is greater than 25 ℃, the series connection heat accumulation space cell that multilayer has a thermal insulation layer 6 has guaranteed the stability of the thermograde that the high-end temperature of high end position and the low side temperature of lower position form well, reduces axial temperature diffusion tendency.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the heat accumulation space integral arrangement of the second embodiment, the transfer without position of a kind of heat-storage medium 3 provided by the invention in heat accumulation space 2, there is good thermoclinic structure, entirety has the thermal store of a certain proportion of length-width ratio, for example 1～5, in order to guarantee to continue the high-grade temperature of output, need to there is good exchange capability of heat high-end (input port or heat exchange delivery outlet end conduct heat) of closed heat-storing device, and its needed heat total capacity not necessarily needs very large, and airtight heat-storing device is positioned at the increase along with height of the heat accumulation space cell of bottom and the pressure being subject to of thermal insulation layer 6, pressure is also increasing, as shown in the figure the present invention propose a kind of straighten footpath closed heat-storing device, the bottom of closed heat-storing device has for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1 of larger diameter, heat-storage medium in heat accumulation space cell 15-1, for example heat accumulation concrete, withstand voltage 80MPa, thermal insulation layer 6, for example calcium silicates, withstand voltage 0.8MPa, under identical compressive resistance, have larger while being subject to area, structure is more firm, along with the rising of height, the pressure that for example heat accumulation space cell 15-5 of the heat accumulation space cell of respective layer and thermal insulation layer 6 are subject to diminishes, the diameter of corresponding closed heat-storing device diminishes, it is little that entirety forms a kind of temperature end diameter, low temperature end diameter is large, Stability Analysis of Structures, the closed heat-storing device that heat exchange efficiency is high.
Need specified otherwise, second examples of implementation of the invention described above, can directly be applied in tower type solar photo-thermal power generation, stand on the heat-storing device on ground, and the such as 15-1 of heat accumulation space cell of major diameter low temperature is positioned at the bottom of heat-storing device; The such as 15-9 of minor diameter heat accumulation space cell of high temperature, is positioned at the top of heat-storing device; And the heat accumulation space cell that tower recipient 17 is positioned at high temperature is for example on 15-9, be used for receiving the converge sunlight from heliostat, so heat-storing device is when providing heat storage function, certain height enabling capabilities can be provided, converge sunlight directly enters from heat accumulation space cell 15-9 after becoming heat, carry out storing heat, all heats of accepting are stored in heat-storing device; Realize the comprehensive utilization of heat-storing device, cost-saving, receiver is tightly linked between heat-storing device on the other hand, can shorten length of pipe, reduces heat loss, reduces medium circulation driving power; Medium in heat transfer and/or heat-exchanger rig in heat-storing device can adopt the media such as conduction oil or fuse salt or metal or alloy or water-steam or air, and take the heat transfer control of layering input and the heat exchange control of layering output, as shown in Figure 9, heat transfer cycle system (in figure shown in dotted line) comprises heat accumulation space cell 15-1, the layering heat transfer control module of 15-2 and 15-3 composition; The heat exchange circulatory system (in figure shown in solid line) comprises heat accumulation space cell 15-7,15-8 and 15-9 composition layering heat exchange control module, heat accumulation space cell in each control module is equipped with a control valve, the control valve that for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1 is corresponding is A, and the control valve that heat accumulation space cell 15-9 is corresponding is I; In heat transfer cycle system, tower recipient 17 is accepted the solar energy of the convergence of reflecting from heliostat 18, top by heat transfer medium from heat-storing device, be that heat accumulation space cell 15-9 starts heat-storing device transfer heat, during heat transfer medium process layering heat transfer control module, start the hierarchical control of conducting heat, in layering heat transfer control module now, control valve C opens, control valve B and A closure; When heat accumulation space cell 15-3 corresponding to control valve C arrive saturated critical while importing duty into, Closed control valve C, opening controlling valve B, and control valve A remains closed; When heat accumulation space cell 15-2 corresponding to control valve B arrive saturated critical while importing duty into, Closed control valve B, opening controlling valve A, and control valve C remains closed, until whole heat accumulation space cell all completes heat accumulation, layering is conducted heat to control and is finished.In the heat exchange circulatory system, heat transferring medium is from the bottom of heat-storing device, be that heat accumulation space cell 15-1 starts heat-storing device heat exchange quantity of heat given up, during heat transferring medium process layering heat exchange control module, start heat exchange hierarchical control, in layering heat exchange control module now, control valve G opens, control valve H and I closure, the heat of heat exchange output is through the device 19 that externally does work, for example heat engine, after cool cycles, the cooling bottom of getting back to heat-storing device; When heat accumulation space cell 15-7 corresponding to control valve G arrives critical swapping out during duty, Closed control valve G, opening controlling valve H, control valve I remains closed; When heat accumulation space cell 15-8 corresponding to control valve H arrives critical swapping out during duty, Closed control valve H, opening controlling valve I, control valve G remains closed, until the heat in whole heat-storing device.So use layering heat transfer and heat exchange control system, to obtain high-grade storage and release heat, improve the efficient utilization of heat.
Figure 10 be in the heat accumulation space of the 3rd embodiment, conduct heat, heat exchange operational mode schematic diagram; The heat transfer system of the heat-storing device of the present embodiment and heat-exchange system are implemented respectively heat transfer control and the heat exchange control of different temperatures grade, and the heat transfer input in the heat accumulation space of different temperatures grade and heat exchange output can be carried out simultaneously.Heat transfer intake line in the heat accumulation space of multiple different temperatures grades or heat exchange output pipe can entirety be arranged in parallel or part is arranged in parallel, in identical or approaching Position Design gateway or share a gateway independently separately.Heat accumulation space 2, by the heat accumulation spatial composing of multiple temperature grades, is specifically comprised of high-temperature heat-storage space I, middle temperature heat accumulation space II and low temperature heat accumulation space III as shown in the figure, and the heat accumulation space of each temperature grade is comprised of multiple series connection heat accumulation space cells 15 respectively; In order to describe the heat transfer in heat-storing device, the control of heat exchange operational mode, below, mainly with high-temperature heat-storage space I and the middle temperature heat accumulation space II description of giving an example, the heat transfer medium that it is corresponding and heat transferring medium are respectively in high-temperature grade I and middle temperature grade II.
The input operational mode of conducting heat is: the heat transfer medium of high-temperature grade I (for example comes from the heat transfer medium of tower type solar, 550 ℃ of temperature) select the heat transfer intake line entrance of the slightly low temperature heat storage units position from approaching most I temperature grade to enter, the preferential heat being carried saves as high temperature condition as far as possible, then continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in, the rest may be inferred, until flow out from outlet the most nearby after arriving the minimum temperature point allowing; Meanwhile, heat-storing device carries out the heat transfer medium of temperature grade II in another road (for example, from the heat transfer medium of groove type solar, 350 ℃ of temperature) import into, its heat transfer medium selects the heat transfer intake line entrance of the slightly low temperature heat storage units position from approaching most II temperature grade to enter, the preferential heat being carried saves as high temperature condition as far as possible, then continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in, the rest may be inferred, until flow out from outlet the most nearby after arriving the minimum temperature point allowing; The heat transfer intake line of the heat transfer medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this storage device receive the heat that stores the various grades in various sources with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, practical more economically.
Heat exchange output operational mode is: the heat transmission heat transferring medium of high-temperature grade I selects the heat exchanging pipe outlet of the slightly high-temperature heat-storage space cell position from approaching most I temperature grade to flow out that (temperature is higher than 435 ℃, be applied to steam turbine power generation), preferentially use the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible to carry out preheating, when this heat accumulation space cell temperature cannot meet output temperature condition, continue again to extract to last layer heat accumulation space cell the heat of higher temperature, the rest may be inferred, until arrive temperature required; Meanwhile, the heat that heat-storing device carries out the middle temperature grade II on another road swaps out, its heat exchange heat transmission medium also selects the heat exchanging pipe outlet of the slightly high-temperature heat-storage space cell position of temperature grade II from the most approaching to flow out (about 200 ℃ of temperature, be applied to industrial steam), preferentially use the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible, when this heat accumulation space cell temperature cannot meet output temperature condition, continue again a upwards heat accumulation space cell and extract the heat of higher temperature, the rest may be inferred, until arrive temperature required; The heat exchanging pipe of the heat transferring medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this heat-storing device that the heat output of various grades can be provided with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, practical more economically.
Obviously, do not departing under the prerequisite of true spirit of the present invention and scope, the present invention described here can have many variations.Therefore, all changes that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, within all should being included in the scope that these claims contain.The present invention's scope required for protection is only limited by described claims.
Claims (17)
1. a heat-storing device, by heat accumulation space (2) be arranged on the outer heat-insulation layer (13) in described heat accumulation space (2) and form, it is characterized in that: described heat accumulation space (2) is comprised of the thermal insulation layer (6) arranging between heat accumulation space cell (15) and described heat accumulation space cell (15) and heat accumulation space cell (15), and described heat accumulation space cell (15) inside is provided with heat-storage medium, heat transfer input unit (4) and heat exchange output device (5);
Described heat transfer input unit (4) comprises heat transfer intake line (9) and the heat transfer medium thereof through described heat accumulation space (2);
Described heat transfer intake line (9) spiral is through described heat accumulation space (2), and described heat transfer intake line (9) the spiral diameter rule of advancing changes;
Described heat exchange output device (5) comprises heat exchange output pipe (10) and the heat transferring medium thereof through described heat accumulation space (2);
Described heat exchange output pipe (10) spiral is through described heat accumulation space (2), and described heat exchange output pipe (10) the spiral diameter rule of advancing changes;
Diameter and heat exchange output pipe (10) the spiral diameter complementation of advancing of advancing of described heat transfer intake line (9) spiral, and heat transfer intake line (9) does not contact mutually with heat exchange output pipe (10);
Hierarchical control is implemented in described heat accumulation space (2) take heat accumulation space cell (15) as elementary cell;
Described heat-storing device has the heat accumulation space of different temperatures grade, and conduct heat input and heat exchange output are implemented point other and conducted heat and control and heat exchange control, and the heat transfer input of different temperatures and heat exchange are exported and can be carried out simultaneously.
2. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described heat-storage medium is one or more of concrete, heat storage brick, metal, rock, slag and sand.
3. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described heat-storage medium is magnesia.
4. heat-storing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described heat-storage medium, place sheet metal, the filling of wire highly heat-conductive material.
5. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat accumulation space cell (15) is to be controlled and form by loop configuration by fan-shaped heat storage blocks (16).
6. heat-storing device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described fan-shaped heat storage blocks (16) the inner is provided with the input termination of conducting heat, conducts heat and export termination, heat exchange input termination and heat exchange output termination.
7. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat accumulation space (2) is formed by multilayer heat accumulation space cell (15) lontitudinal series.
8. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described thermal insulation layer (6) is 10mm～300mm.
9. heat-storing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transfer medium is metal, inorganic salts or conduction oil or air.
10. heat-storing device according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described metal is SODIUM METAL, potassium, zinc, aluminum or aluminum alloy.
11. heat-storing devices according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described inorganic salts are nitrate, carbonate, chlorate or its mixture.
12. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described heat transfer intake line (9), be provided with fin.
13. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transferring medium can be air, water-steam or conduction oil.
14. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described heat exchange output pipe (10), be provided with fin.
15. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transfer intake line (9) and heat exchange output pipe (10) are two or more pieces, and the omnidistance in parallel or part side by side of each pipeline side by side and have a gateway of diverse location.
16. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transfer input unit (4) obtains heat by connecting Salar light-gathering field.
17. heat-storing devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described heat accumulation space (2) is axial, be arranged to variable cross-section.
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| CN1963371A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-05-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A solar high temperature modularization heat reservoir |
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| JPS5653392A (en) * | 1979-10-02 | 1981-05-12 | Taikisha Ltd | Heat storage method |
| JPS591953B2 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1984-01-14 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Control method and device for heat storage/dissipation system using metal hydride |
| JPS5945916B2 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1984-11-09 | 工業技術院長 | Multi-stage heat storage device |
| JPS6170342A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-04-11 | Toshio Nakatani | Heat storage hot water supply structure in soil |
| JP2000161882A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Heat/cold storage tank |
| GB0808930D0 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-06-25 | Sunamp Ltd | Energy Storage system |
| CN102032823A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-04-27 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solar high-temperature heat storage system with solid heat storage medium |
| CN201983675U (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-09-21 | 刘阳 | Heat storage device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2546835Y (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2003-04-23 | 唐贤军 | Combined ceramic honeycomb heat accumulator |
| CN1963371A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-05-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A solar high temperature modularization heat reservoir |
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| JP昭61-70342A 1986.04.11 |
| JP特开2000-161882A 2000.06.16 |
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