CN111578737A - Steam condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material - Google Patents
Steam condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111578737A CN111578737A CN202010430389.9A CN202010430389A CN111578737A CN 111578737 A CN111578737 A CN 111578737A CN 202010430389 A CN202010430389 A CN 202010430389A CN 111578737 A CN111578737 A CN 111578737A
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- change material
- phase change
- heat exchange
- phase
- cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B5/00—Condensers employing a combination of the methods covered by main groups F28B1/00 and F28B3/00; Other condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention relates to a vapor condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of a phase-change material, which comprises a condensing tower with a hollow interior, wherein the top and the bottom of the condensing tower are respectively provided with a cooling medium gas outlet and a vapor inlet, and the upper part or the lower part of the condensing tower is also provided with a cooling medium inlet; the inside phase change material subassembly of installing in proper order and the distributor that is used for distributing volatile cooling medium from supreme down of condensing tower, cooling medium entry and distributor intercommunication when condensing tower upper portion. The invention has the advantages that the phase change heat absorption and heat release of the phase change material belong to latent heat exchange, and the heat exchange is larger than that of the sensible heat extraction mode of the existing condenser, so that the design volume of the condenser can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced; the phase-change material as the intermediate heat exchange medium only changes physically and can be recycled; the heat exchange area is very large, so that the escape rate of high-temperature steam is greatly reduced, the atmospheric pollution is reduced, and the heat exchanger has huge market demand and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving and environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a steam condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of a phase-change material.
Background
Distillation is a thermodynamic separation process that utilizes the difference in boiling points of components in a mixed liquid or liquid-solid system to vaporize lower boiling components and recondense to separate the entire component, a unit operation that combines the two unit operations of evaporation and condensation.
Condensation is the condensation of a gas or liquid when it is cold, for example, water vapor turns into water when it is cold and water turns into ice when it is cold. The lower the temperature, the faster the condensation rate and the better the effect. In chemical production, water or air which is easy to obtain and low in cost is generally used as a condensing medium. In chemical production, the equipment for cooling and condensing is usually a dividing wall type heat exchanger. Common cooling, condensing media are cold water, brine, and the like.
A condenser is a device that condenses a vapor into a liquid, the vapor transferring heat to a coolant during the condensation process. Various condensers are often used in petrochemical processes, with the most widespread use in condensation processes for two-phase flow heat transfer, such as condensation of distillation overhead gas distillates, condensation of water vapor, condensation of refrigerant vapor, and the like. The main equipment involved in the condensation process are: shell-and-tube condensers, air coolers, plate condensers, spiral plate condensers, and the like. The tube side (or shell side) of the shell-and-tube condenser uses a cooling medium, the shell side (or tube side) is a gas-phase material, and the cooling medium exchanges heat through the tubes of the condenser to condense the gas-phase material generated by the continuous heating of the separation tower. The heat exchange area of the cooling medium and the steam is related to the surface area of the condenser tube array, and the larger the surface area of the tube array is, the higher the heat exchange efficiency is.
The invention uses the filler loaded with the phase-change material as the intermediate medium for heat exchange between steam and the cooling medium, the heat of the steam is firstly contacted with the carrier and conducted to the phase-change material, and after latent heat exchange, the volatile cooling medium absorbs the heat from the phase-change material through the carrier. Wherein, the filler is a carrier for loading phase-change materials. The steam condenser disclosed by the invention can change the shape of the phase-change material through the carrier, so that the heat exchange area of cold and hot materials can reach 10000m2/m3Compared with the traditional condenser, the heat transfer area is greatly increased, no waste gas is discharged in the whole evaporation and condensation process, and the condenser has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a vapor condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of a phase-change material.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a vapor condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change materials comprises a condensation tower with a hollow interior, wherein the top and the bottom of the condensation tower are respectively provided with a cooling medium gas outlet and a vapor inlet, and the upper part or the lower part of the condensation tower is also provided with a cooling medium inlet; the inside supreme distributor that installs phase change material subassembly and be used for distributing volatile cooling medium from down in proper order down of condensing tower, the cooling medium entry is in during condensing tower upper portion with the distributor intercommunication.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the energy conversion path of the invention is indirect transfer, the heat of the high-temperature steam is firstly transferred to the phase-change material and then condensed into a liquid phase, and the phase-change material is subjected to phase-change energy storage. The phase change material is contacted with a cooling medium to release heat and then undergoes phase change reduction to an initial state; secondly, the phase-change material loaded carrier can obtain a large heat exchange area by changing the appearance and the appearance, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The phase change heat absorption and heat release of the phase change material belong to latent heat exchange, and the heat exchange is larger than that of a sensible heat extraction mode of the existing condenser, so that the design volume of the condenser can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced; the phase-change material as the intermediate heat exchange medium only changes physically and can be recycled; the heat exchange area is very large, so that the escape rate of high-temperature steam is greatly reduced, the atmospheric pollution is reduced, and the heat exchanger has huge market demand and wide application prospect.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the phase change material assembly comprises a phase change material and a carrier, the carrier is installed in the condensation tower, and the phase change material is filled in the carrier.
The further scheme has the advantages that heat exchange is carried out through phase change of the phase change material, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high, the phase change material is repeatedly used, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, the structure is simple, the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
Further, the carrier is glass or metal.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that simple structure, the cost is lower, can not influence phase change material's heat exchange.
Further, the carrier is porous polyurethane sponge or porous ceramic or porous activated carbon or loofah or steel wire ball.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that simple structure, the cost is lower, can not influence phase change material's heat exchange.
Further, the phase-change material is one or a mixture of more of benzoic acid, urea, cholesterol, salicylic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, melamine, microcrystalline paraffin, Fischer-Tropsch wax and water.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the boiling point is lower, and the efficiency of heat exchange is high, and the cost is lower.
Further, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is-60-360 ℃.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the temperature range of phase change is wider, which is beneficial to heat exchange.
Further, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is lower than the condensation temperature of the vapor and higher than the volatilization temperature of the cooling medium.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that it can utilize its phase transition to carry out the heat exchange fast to ensure phase change material, and is efficient.
Furthermore, a limiting plate is horizontally arranged at a position below the phase-change material component in the condensation tower, a plurality of small holes are uniformly distributed in the limiting plate, and the aperture of each small hole is smaller than that of the phase-change material.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned further scheme are that can avoid phase change material to take place to leak down through the limiting plate, ensure the effect of heat exchange, simple structure, leak protection effect preferred.
Further, the cooling medium is water or methanol or ethanol.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned further scheme are that the boiling point is lower, and the effect of heat exchange is preferred.
Further, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the condensing tower is installed at the lower end of the distributor.
The beneficial effect who adopts above-mentioned further scheme is through the temperature sensor temperature in the real-time supervision condensing tower to the heat exchange in the accurate control condensing tower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase change material according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. condensing tower, 2, cooling medium gas outlet, 3, steam inlet, 4, cooling medium inlet, 5, phase change material component, 6, distributor, 7, phase change material, 8, carrier, 9, upper head, 10, lower head, 11, flange.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described in connection with the drawings and the detailed description of the invention, which are set forth below as examples to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of phase change material, comprising a hollow condensation tower 1, wherein the top and bottom of the condensation tower 1 are respectively provided with a cooling medium gas outlet 2 and a vapor inlet 3, and the upper or lower part of the condensation tower 1 is also provided with a cooling medium inlet 4; the interior of the condensing tower 1 is sequentially provided with a phase change material component 5 and a distributor 6 for distributing volatile cooling medium from bottom to top, and when the cooling medium is liquid, the cooling medium inlet 4 is arranged on the upper part of the condensing tower 1 and communicated with the distributor 6. Firstly, the energy conversion path of the invention is indirect transfer, the heat of the high-temperature steam is firstly transferred to the phase-change material 7 and then condensed into a liquid phase, and the phase-change material 7 is subjected to phase-change energy storage. The phase-change material 7 is contacted with a cooling medium again to release heat and then undergoes phase change reduction to an initial state; secondly, the phase-change material loaded carrier 8 of the invention can obtain a large heat exchange area by changing the appearance and the appearance, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The phase change heat absorption and heat release of the phase change material 7 belong to latent heat exchange, and the heat exchange is larger than that of a sensible heat extraction mode of the existing condenser, so that the design volume of the condenser can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced; the phase-change material as the intermediate heat exchange medium only changes physically and can be recycled; the heat exchange area is very large, so that the escape rate of high-temperature steam is greatly reduced, the atmospheric pollution is reduced, and the heat exchanger has huge market demand and wide application prospect.
The distributor 6 may be a conventional distributor, a plate-type condenser tube, or another suitable distributor 6.
In addition, when the cooling medium is volatile liquid, the cooling medium inlet 4 is positioned at the upper part of the condensation tower 1 and is connected with the liquid distributor 6 in the condensation tower 1 through a pipeline; when the cooling medium is gas, the cooling medium inlet 4 is positioned at the lower part of the condensation tower 1 and below the porous limiting plate.
Example 1
On the basis of the structure, in the embodiment, the phase change material assembly 5 comprises the phase change material 7 and the carrier 8, and the carrier 8 is installed in the condensation tower 1 and is usually fixed in the condensation tower 1 by bolts, so that the assembly, disassembly and replacement are convenient; the phase change material 7 is filled in the carrier 8. The heat exchange is carried out through the phase change of the phase change material 7, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the phase change material 7 is repeatedly used, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, the structure is simple, the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
Example 2
On the basis of the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the carrier 8 is made of glass or metal, and has a simple structure and a low cost, and does not affect the heat exchange of the phase change material.
Example 3
On the basis of the first embodiment, the carrier 8 is porous polyurethane sponge or porous ceramic or porous activated carbon or loofah or steel wire ball, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, and the heat exchange of the phase-change material cannot be influenced.
Example 4
In the first embodiment, the phase-change material 7 is one or a mixture of several of benzoic acid, urea, cholesterol, salicylic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, melamine, microcrystalline wax, fischer-tropsch wax, and water, and the phase-change material 7 has a low boiling point, high heat exchange efficiency, and low cost.
Example 5
On the basis of the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the phase transition temperature of the phase change material 7 is-60 to 360 ℃, and the temperature range is wide, which is beneficial to heat exchange.
Example 6
Preferably, on the basis of the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the phase change temperature of the phase change material 7 is lower than the vapor condensation temperature and higher than the volatilization temperature of the cooling medium, so as to ensure that the phase change material 7 can rapidly perform heat exchange by utilizing the phase change thereof, and the efficiency is high.
Example 7
On the basis of above-mentioned structure, in this embodiment, the limiting plate is still horizontally installed to the position that lies in 5 belows of phase change material subassembly in the condensation tower 1, and evenly distributed has a plurality of apertures on the limiting plate, and the aperture of aperture is less than the aperture of phase change material 7. The phase change material 7 can be prevented from leaking downwards through the limiting plate, the heat exchange effect is ensured, the structure is simple, and the leakage-proof effect is better.
The above-mentioned limiting plates are fixed inside the condensation tower 1 in a way that will occur to those skilled in the art.
Example 8
On the basis of the above structure, in the embodiment, the cooling medium is water, methanol or ethanol, the boiling point is low, and the heat exchange effect is good.
Example 9
On the basis of the structure, in the embodiment, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the condensation tower 1 is installed at the lower end of the distributor 6, and the temperature in the condensation tower 1 is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, so that the heat exchange in the condensation tower 1 can be accurately controlled. The temperature sensor is connected with the controller through a line and sends a temperature signal in the condensing tower 1 to the controller, and the controller receives the corresponding temperature signal, judges and analyzes the temperature signal and controls corresponding parts to work at the same time.
It should be noted that, the temperature sensor and the controller are both in the prior art, and the connection lines between the components and the controller are also in the prior art.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the first embodiment:
toluene (b.p. 110.6 ℃) distillation: at 1m3600kg of toluene is added into the reaction kettle, a vapor condenser filled with the first phase change material 7 is connected with the reaction kettle, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the lower end of a liquid distributor in a tower of the vapor condenser; water is selected as a cooling medium, and after the pipeline is connected, the reaction kettle starts to heat.
The toluene vapor is condensed after contacting with the water-absorbing resin in the condenser, the moisture of the water-absorbing resin is changed into gas through phase change heat absorption, the gas is taken out, and the gas is discharged from a cooling medium gas outlet 2 at the top end; the temperature in the tower gradually rises from bottom to top along with the reduction of the moisture; when the temperature reaches the designated temperature (generally controlled at 60 ℃), cooling water is automatically added for cooling, and the cooling water is stopped being added when the temperature is reduced to the designated temperature (room temperature).
The water consumption for distilling 500kg of toluene (boiling point 110.6 ℃) is 80 kg; if a traditional condenser is adopted, the theoretical water consumption is 2.07 tons under the assumption that the temperature difference between the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet is 20 ℃.
The second embodiment:
toluene (b.p. 110.6 ℃) distillation: at 1m3500kg of toluene is added into the reaction kettle, a vapor condenser filled with two phase-change materials 7 is connected with the reaction kettle in a parallel connection mode, and temperature sensors are arranged at the lower ends of liquid distributors 6 in a tower of the vapor condenser; air is selected as a cooling medium, and after the pipeline is connected, the reaction kettle starts to be heated.
The toluene vapor firstly contacts with the carrier 8 in the condenser A and then is condensed, and the phase-change material 7 absorbs heat after phase change and is changed into liquid to store heat; with the continuous heating of the toluene vapor, the temperature in the tower gradually rises from bottom to top; when the temperature reaches a specified temperature (10 ℃ lower than the boiling point of toluene), the supply of toluene steam to the condenser A is stopped, the toluene steam is automatically switched to enter the condenser B, and air is introduced to cool the condenser A. And (4) alternately operating to finish the toluene distillation process.
Third embodiment:
distillation of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (boiling point 135 ℃): at 1m3600kg of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether is added into the reaction kettle, a vapor condenser filled with the second phase change material 7 is connected with the reaction kettle, and thermocouple temperature probes are respectively arranged at the lower end of a liquid distributor 6 in a tower of the vapor condenser and the upper part of a filler limiting plate; water is selected as a cooling medium, and after the pipeline is connected, the reaction kettle starts to heat.
The toluene vapor firstly contacts with the carrier 2 in the condenser A and then is condensed, and the phase-change material 7 absorbs heat after phase change and is changed into liquid to store heat; along with the continuous rising and heating of the ethylene glycol monoethyl ether steam, the temperature in the tower gradually rises from bottom to top; when the temperature of a thermocouple temperature probe at the lower end of the distributor 6 is up to the specified temperature (the phase transition temperature of benzoic acid is 122.4 ℃), cooling water is added into the condenser, and when the temperature of the thermocouple at the upper part of the filler limiting plate is lower than the phase transition temperature of benzoic acid, the cooling water is stopped being added.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A vapor condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of a phase change material, characterized by: the device comprises a hollow condensation tower (1), wherein the top and the bottom of the condensation tower (1) are respectively provided with a cooling medium gas outlet (2) and a steam inlet (3), and the upper part or the lower part of the condensation tower is also provided with a cooling medium inlet (4); the condensing tower (1) is inside from supreme distributor (6) of installing phase change material subassembly (5) and being used for distributing volatile cooling medium in proper order down, cooling medium entry (4) are in when condensing tower (1) upper portion with distributor (6) intercommunication.
2. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the phase change material component (5) comprises a phase change material (7) and a carrier (8), wherein the carrier (8) is installed in the condensation tower (1), and the phase change material (7) is filled in the carrier (8).
3. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the carrier (8) is glass or metal.
4. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the carrier (8) is porous polyurethane sponge or porous ceramic or porous activated carbon or loofah or steel wire balls.
5. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the phase-change material (7) is one or a mixture of more of benzoic acid, urea, cholesterol, salicylic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, melamine, microcrystalline paraffin, Fischer-Tropsch wax and water.
6. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the phase change temperature of the phase change material (7) is-60-360 ℃.
7. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the phase change temperature of the phase change material (7) is lower than the condensation temperature of the vapor and higher than the volatilization temperature of the cooling medium.
8. The vapor condenser using latent heat exchange of a phase change material according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: a limiting plate is horizontally arranged at the position below the phase-change material component (5) in the condensation tower (1), a plurality of small holes are uniformly distributed on the limiting plate, and the aperture of each small hole is smaller than that of the phase-change material (7).
9. A vapour condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that: the cooling medium is water or methanol or ethanol.
10. A vapour condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that: and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the condensation tower (1) is arranged at the lower end of the distributor (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010430389.9A CN111578737A (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Steam condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010430389.9A CN111578737A (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Steam condenser utilizing latent heat exchange of phase change material |
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| CN111578737A true CN111578737A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111960401A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 江南大学 | Biomass-based phase-change latent heat energy storage material and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 CN CN202010430389.9A patent/CN111578737A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111960401A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 江南大学 | Biomass-based phase-change latent heat energy storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111960401B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-05-10 | 江南大学 | Biomass-based phase-change latent heat energy storage material and preparation method thereof |
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