CN102607307A - Heat accumulation device - Google Patents
Heat accumulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607307A CN102607307A CN2011100212995A CN201110021299A CN102607307A CN 102607307 A CN102607307 A CN 102607307A CN 2011100212995 A CN2011100212995 A CN 2011100212995A CN 201110021299 A CN201110021299 A CN 201110021299A CN 102607307 A CN102607307 A CN 102607307A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat accumulation device comprising a heat accumulation space, a heat accumulation medium, a heat transmission input device, a heat exchange output device and a heat preservation structure wherein the heat accumulation medium, the heat transmission input device and the heat exchange output device are arranged in the heat accumulation space and the heat preservation structure is located outside the heat accumulation space; the heat accumulation space consists of a plurality of layers of serially connected heat accumulation space units and heat insulation layers between the adjacent heat accumulation space units; and the heat transmission input device and the heat exchange output device are used for carrying out heat transmission and heat exchange in the heat accumulation space, and layered input/output control is carried out on the top and the bottom of the heat accumulation device. Made of low-cost materials such as concrete, magnesia, ceramic, metal plate and the like, the heat accumulation device has low construction cost, stable performance and better performance cost ratio, and is particularly suitable for massively popularizing solar energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-storing device, the heat-storing device in the particularly a kind of solar energy heat utilization system.
Background technology
Solar energy is more satisfactory new forms of energy, but has ageing problem on utilizing, and the energy of being accepted between sunshine period surpasses required, but can't play a role after the sunset.Thereby unnecessary energy stores during how at sunshine, to be used for the continuous service of post sunset system, promptly gets and has a surplus with tonifying for the deficiency, becomes and realizes the solar energy heat utilization device key issue of operation continuously.
In the existing storage of solar energy technology, report is arranged or used multiple heat-storage medium.In recent years have to be reported in and obtain in the laboratory to make the composite phase-change material (shaping phase-change material) that matrix supports with certain material; In order to store heat, but there is the low shortcoming of thermal conductivity factor in it, and phase-change material undergoes phase transition in the heat accumulation process; Because the hidden danger of revealing takes place to leak in the variation of volume easily.In addition; Also have in the industry and use ternary aluminum alloy in order to as storage material; It has negative effect for thermal storage performance (like parameters such as phase-change thermal storages), and heat accumulating itself carries out solid-liquid phase change repeatedly in the course of the work, and impurity element will influence its serviceability and service life.Existing industrialized solar energy thermal-power-generating unit utilizes inorganic salts to do heat accumulating more at present; But the shortcoming that inorganic salts existed cold-peace to be separated in phase transition process; Influenced heat storage capacity, and its setting temperature is too high, causes do not solidify the insulation cycling hot of carrying out and lose bigger night for guaranteeing it; In case system occurs disposing difficulty after the freezing point, has potential safety hazard; The pump that uses in the fused salt system pipeline, valve cost an arm and a leg and service life also shorter, and inorganic salts have toxicity, leak breaking out of fire easily, and leak can pollution on the environment.
Present international solar energy heat utilization stocking system mainly contains two jars of directly accumulation of heats, two jars of indirect accumulation of heats and single jar of types of devices such as mesolimnion accumulation of heat:
Two jars of direct energy source storage systems (Two-tank Direct Energy Storage System) are as shown in Figure 1, and heat transfer medium is heated in the Salar light-gathering field, also directly are stored in the heat jar as storage medium simultaneously.Heat transfer medium after being heated is driven by pump, through steam generator, and obtains the vapours generating.When the Salar light-gathering field does not have heat when input, for example night, heat storage can has stored certain heat because of accepting the input of Salar light-gathering field heat daytime, still can act on steam generator in the certain hour, produces steam and generates electricity; After the cooling of the heat transfer medium behind the steam generator, flow back to cold jar; When Salar light-gathering field thermotropism jar provided heat, for example day fine daytime, the heat transfer medium in the cold jar was flowed through and is flowed in the heat jar after light field is heated, and accomplishes energy absorption and storage.This system architecture is complicated, and required two heat jar costs are higher, and because of the temperature upper limit of heat transfer medium is lower, its heat storage capacity also is restricted.
Two jars ability source storage system (Two-tank Indirect Energy Storage System) is as shown in Figure 2 indirectly; Cold relatively fuse salt arrives the heat exchanger from cold salt cellar under the driving of fusion salt pump; Obtain heat with heat transfer medium heat exchange, become the fuse salt of heat from the solar energy light field; It is in the opposite direction that heat transfer medium after direction that cold fuse salt flows in heat exchanger and Salar light-gathering field are heated flows through; Heat fusing salt after being heated is stored under the driving of pump for liquid salts in the heat jar.When heat-storage medium generated electricity, heat fusing salt was from heat jar outflow, and through steam generator, heat fusing salt becomes cold fuse salt, flows into cold jar.The two jars of directly heat reservoirs of comparing, this system can store more heat; Its shortcoming is the heat storage can that still needs two costlinesses, and needs to drive corrosive high-temperature fusion salt, and after solidifying, need preheat heat accumulation salt, makes it become the fuse salt state, so that drive; Complicated integral structure, operating cost is high.
Above dual mode all can make most of heat energy storage obtain the high-grade utilization in theory, and the heat-storage medium that flows out the heat jar at last also can keep the condition of high temperature, therefore can obtain the steam of high-temperature from start to finish, thereby have the sustainable high efficiency generating efficiency.
Single jar of mesolimnion energy storage system (Single-tank Thermocline Energy Storage System) is as shown in Figure 3, and single jar top is high-temperature medium, and the bottom is relative cryogenic media; When heat accumulation, the cryogenic media inflow heat exchanger of bottom, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium generation heat exchange with having accepted solar heat obtains the temperature close with it, flows into single jar top area afterwards, accomplishes the heat accumulation process; When heat release, high-temperature medium flows out from single tank top, through over-heat-exchanger, heat is given heat transfer medium such as steam, the pushing turbine generating, and the high-temperature medium temperature reduces, and flows into single pot bottom from heat exchanger, accomplishes heat release.This heat storage can has vertical temperature gradient, the high-quality heat utilization of carrying out of can trying one's best, even but after commercialization or the industrialization, whole cost is still expensive, and system still can't avoid the corrosivity of high-temperature fusion salt and the heating and melting process after the curing.
What more than describe is to use commonplace heat reservoir at present in the world; In order to obtain the target that thermal energy storage and high-grade are utilized; All used and had flowability; Can carry out the heat-storage medium that shift the locus, so the equal more complicated of the overall structure of existing system, manufacturing and operating cost are high; In addition, above-mentioned heat-storage medium is poisonous mostly and have strong corrosivity, and existence is easy to generate problems such as fire, contaminated environment after revealing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the problems referred to above that exist in the prior art, the heat-storing device that a kind of low cost, environmental protection is provided, has had good natural mesolimnion (Thermocline) character, heat-storage medium needn't have flowability; Locus of living in is motionless basically; Be difficult between high low-temperature region the heat transmission taking place and causing the samming situation, so apparatus structure is simple, reliable, and can efficiently realizes the utilization of heat energy high-grade; Can be applicable to various heat accumulations and use, particularly Solar Energy Heat Utilization System.
According to the present invention; A kind of heat-storing device is provided; Comprise the heat accumulation space, place heat-storage medium, heat transfer input unit, the heat exchange output device in the described heat accumulation space and be positioned at the outside insulation construction in said heat accumulation space; It is characterized in that said heat accumulation space is made up of the thermal insulation layer of arranging between the heat accumulation space cell of multilayer series connection and the every layer of heat accumulation space cell, said heat transfer input unit and heat exchange output device in described heat accumulation space, heat-storage medium are accomplished hot biography and heat is changed; And implement hierarchical control in the top in said heat accumulation space and the bottom heat accumulation space cell.
Said thermal insulation layer is arranged between each heat accumulation space cell; Slow down the heat transmission that takes place owing to the temperature difference between each heat accumulation space cell to reach; Guaranteeing that the higher high-grade heat of temperature can not cause the temperature grade to descend owing to the samming trend of the inside of heat-storing device, thereby realize effective thermal energy storage and utilization.
In further embodiment, when the vertical layout of heat-storing device, said thermal insulation layer has the favorable mechanical supporting role, has the ability of the weight that supports the above heat-storing device of the said thermal insulation layer of this layer; Said thermal insulation layer is certain thickness heat-barrier material, calcium silicate board for example, thickness 10mm～300mm; Said calcium silicate board at high temperature heat transfer efficiency is approximately 0.07～0.08W/ (m.k), has excellent heat insulation property and effect of heat insulation, and withstand voltage 0.8MPa makes to have tangible thermograde and mechanical support stability between a plurality of heat accumulation space cells.
Preferably, said heat-storage medium is heat accumulation concrete, magnesia, heat storage brick, metal, rock, sand; Further, in described each layer heat-storage medium, place highly heat-conductive materials such as sheet metal, wire and fill,, improve the heat transfer heat transfer rate to improve the heat transfer property ability in each unit.
Preferably, said heat transfer input unit comprises the heat transfer medium in heat transfer intake line and the heat transfer intake line, and said heat transfer intake line distributes through said heat accumulation space; Further, on the said heat transfer intake line fin is set.
Preferably, said heat exchange output device comprises the heat transferring medium in heat exchange output pipe and the heat exchange output pipe, and said heat exchange output pipe distributes through said heat accumulation space; Further, on the heat exchange output pipe, fin is set.
Preferably; In the said heat accumulation space cell; Said heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe are not in contact with one another in the heat accumulation space, make the input and output loop through the heat-storage medium coupling, for example in Solar Energy Heat Utilization System; When fluctuation takes place in illumination condition; The fluctuation that input power changes the input circuit thermal parameter of bringing can directly not influence the stability of output loop thermal parameter, thereby guarantees that the heat utilization device working stability is reliable, and the feasible simultaneously control to the solar energy light collecting field becomes simple.
Preferably, said heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe run through each heat storage units and thermal insulation layer; Further; The general export of the main entrance of heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe is positioned at the high-temperature heat-storage space cell end in heat accumulation space, and the main entrance of the general export of heat transfer intake line and heat exchange output pipe is positioned at the low temperature heat accumulation space cell end in heat accumulation space.
In further embodiment; Said heat accumulation space cell is made up of a plurality of series connection heat accumulation space cells; Arrange a plurality of fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation pieces in said each heat accumulation space cell, each concrete heat accumulation piece internal placement has conducts heat and heat exchanging pipe, and a plurality of fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation pieces is spliced into annular and forms a heat accumulation space cell; The long-pending weight of each heat accumulation block is unlikely to too big like this, convenient manufacturing, installation and maintenance.
In further embodiment, the pipeline that heat transfer in the fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation piece of each in said each heat accumulation space cell and heat exchanging pipe are interconnected to form unidirectional perforation from beginning to end.
In further embodiment, the pipeline of the unidirectional perforation in said adjacent every string heat accumulation space cell is linked in sequence each other and forms the perforation pipeline in the whole airtight heat accumulation space.
In further embodiment, heat transfer in the said integral sealing heat accumulation space and heat exchanging pipe the perforation pipeline of each self-forming can be designed to two or many separately.
In further embodiment, said many heat transfer can integral body be arranged in juxtaposition, in identical or approaching Position Design independently a gateway or a shared gateway separately.
In further embodiment, said many heat transfer can be arranged in juxtaposition the part, each comfortable different independently one or more separately gateway of Position Design.
In further embodiment, said many heat exchanging pipes can integral body be arranged in juxtaposition, in identical or approaching Position Design independently a gateway or a shared gateway separately.
In further embodiment, said many heat exchanging pipes can be arranged in juxtaposition the part, each comfortable different independently one or more separately gateway of Position Design.
In further embodiment; The layering heat transfer control module that the bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell in said heat accumulation space is formed, the corresponding control valve of arranging of multilayer heat accumulation space cell difference is taked the layering input to conduct heat in diabatic process and is controlled; Be that the temperature of relative upper strata high-temperature heat-storage space cell is when rising to critical excitation (output temperature of the back heat transfer medium that conducts heat is still too high to critical point); The output control valve of this layer correspondence is closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell, begin the heat transfer cycle system of this adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell; When the temperature of this layer heat accumulation space cell rises to critical excitation; Open the heat transfer cycle system under this layer again, by that analogy, accomplish the heat transfer of integral high-temperature grade until opening bottom heat accumulation space cell at last.The heat energy that is obtained is stored with the condition of high temperature thereby make in the heat transfer storage process as far as possible, improve the storage grade.
In further embodiment; The corresponding respectively control valve of arranging of the layering heat exchange control module that the top multilayer heat accumulation space cell in said heat accumulation space is formed, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is taked the heat exchange control of layering output in heat transfer process; Be that the temperature of relative lower floor high-temperature heat-storage space cell is when dropping to critical excitation (output temperature of heat transferring medium is low to moderate critical point after the heat exchange); This layer output control valve is closed, and open the output control valve of adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell, begin the heat exchange circulatory system this adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell; When the temperature of this layer heat accumulation space cell drops to critical excitation; Open the heat exchange circulatory system on this layer again, by that analogy, accomplish the heat exchange of integral high-temperature grade until opening top layer heat accumulation space cell at last.Thereby make heat exchange utilize the low-grade energy heat exchange that preferentially can also utilize in the process to be output as the heat transferring medium preheating, and only high temperature heat source is used as final heat exchange, realize the maximum using of high-grade thermal source.
In further embodiment; The heat of different temperatures grade can be distinguished or stored simultaneously to the heat transfer system of this heat-storing device: the heat transfer medium (heat transfer medium that for example comes from tower type solar of high-temperature grade I; 550 ℃ of temperature) select from getting near the heat transfer intake line inlet of the heat storage units of the low temperature slightly position of I temperature grade; Preferentially its heat that carries is saved as high temperature condition as far as possible; Continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in then, the rest may be inferred, flows out from outlet the most nearby up to arriving the minimum temperature point back that allows; Meanwhile; Heat-storing device carries out the heat transfer medium of temperature grade II in another road (for example from the heat transfer medium of groove type solar; 350 ℃ of temperature) import into; Its heat transfer medium is selected preferentially its heat that carries to be saved as high temperature condition as far as possible from getting near the heat transfer intake line inlet of the heat storage units of the low temperature slightly position of II temperature grade, continues downward one deck heat accumulation space cell then to deposit the heat that hangs down some temperature in; The rest may be inferred, flows out from outlet the most nearby up to arriving the minimum temperature point back that allows; The heat transfer intake line of the heat transfer medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this storage device receive the heat that stores the various grades in various sources simultaneously with optimum way, has the scope of application more widely, and is practical more economically.
In further embodiment; The heat of different temperatures grade can be distinguished or exported simultaneously to the heat-exchange system of this heat-storing device: the heat transferring medium of high-temperature grade I selects that (for example temperature is higher than 435 ℃ from flowing out near the heat exchange output pipe outlet of the space cell of the high-temperature heat-storage slightly position of I temperature grade; Be applied to steam turbine power generation); Use preferentially as far as possible that the heat energy of low temperature state carries out preheating, when treating that this heat accumulation space cell temperature can't satisfy the output temperature condition, continue to extract the heat of higher temperature again to last layer heat accumulation space cell; The rest may be inferred, temperature required up to arriving; Meanwhile; The heat that heat-storing device carries out the middle temperature grade II on another road swaps out; Its heat exchange heat transmission medium also selects the heat exchange output pipe outlet of the space cell of the high-temperature heat-storage slightly position of temperature grade II from the most approaching to flow out (for example temperature is about 200 ℃, is applied to industrial steam), preferentially uses the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible; When treating that this heat accumulation space cell temperature can't satisfy the output temperature condition; Continue the heat that a heat accumulation space cell upwards extracts higher temperature again, the rest may be inferred, temperature required up to arriving; The heat exchange output pipe of the heat transferring medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this heat-storing device that the heat output of various grades can be provided with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, and is practical more economically.
Preferably, said insulation construction is made up of the material with low thermal conductivity, is positioned at the outside in heat accumulation space.
Preferably, the heat energy of said heat-storing device is from solar energy.
Preferably, said heat-storing device is as the heat-storing device of slot type focused solar energy system.
Preferably, said heat-storing device vertically is built in more than the ground, in the heat-storing device as the tower type focusing solar energy system, also as the supporter of receiving system in the tower type focusing solar energy system or the part of supporter.
Preferably, the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit (HTU) in the said heat-storing device adopts fuse salt or low-melting-point metal or alloys such as sodium metal, potassium.
Preferably, the heat transferring medium in the heat-exchanger rig in the said heat-storing device adopts water-steam.
Airtight heat-storing device of the present invention is river sand, magnesia, concrete because heat-storage medium has drawn from; Lower cost materials such as rock, slag, pottery, metallic plate and locus are not moved basically; So this apparatus cost is low, and stable performance, has cost performance preferably; Pollution-free fully, be particularly suitable for large-scale promotion solar energy and utilize needed heat-storing device.
Description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiments of the present invention is carried out detailed explanation, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is two jars of direct energy source storage system overall schematic of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the indirect ability source storage system of two jars of a prior art overall schematic;
Fig. 3 is a single jar of mesolimnion energy storage system overall schematic of prior art;
Fig. 4 is the heat-storing device overall structure sketch map of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the heat-storing device of the embodiments of the invention procedure chart that is heated;
Fig. 6 is the heat-storing device heat transfer process figure of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the second embodiment sketch map of concrete heat-storage medium of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the heat accumulation space cell structural representation of second embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the sketch map that the heat accumulation entire space of second embodiment is arranged;
Figure 10 be conduct heat in the heat accumulation space of the 3rd embodiment, heat exchange operational mode sketch map.
Description of symbols among Fig. 1-3:
101-Salar light-gathering field; 102-cold oil jar; 103-deep fat jar;
The 104-steam generator; The 105-natural gas; The 106-superheated steam;
The 107-turbine; The 108-generator; The 109-condenser;
The 110-cooling tower; 201-Salar light-gathering field; The 202-heat exchanger;
203-hot melt salt cellar; Cold jar of 204-fused salt; 205-solar energy superheater;
The 206-boiler; The 207-steam generator; 208-solar energy preheater;
209-solar energy reheater; The 210-soaker; The 211-steam turbine;
The 212-condenser; 213-low pressure reheater; 301-Salar light-gathering field;
The 302-heat exchanger; Single jar of mesolimnion holding vessel of 303-;
305-solar energy superheater; The 306-boiler; The 307-steam generator;
308-solar energy preheater; 309-solar energy reheater; The 310-soaker;
The 311-steam turbine; The 312-condenser; 313-low pressure reheater.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 4 is the heat-storing device overall structure sketch map of embodiments of the invention.As shown in the figure, the heat-storing device of present embodiment comprises heat accumulation space 2, places heat-storage medium 3, heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 and external insulation structure 13 in this heat accumulation space 2; Said heat accumulation space is made up of the series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 that multilayer has thermal insulation layer 6; For example 10 layers, whole cylindrical, height and diameter ratio; For example 1～5: 1, said heat transfer input unit 4 described heat accumulation space 2 in, accomplishes hot biography with heat exchange output device 5 and heat is changed; Be furnished with thermal insulation layer 6 between every layer of heat accumulation space cell 15, implement the output and the input control of layering in the top in said heat accumulation space 2 and the bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell 15 respectively.
Separated thermal insulation board, calcium silicate board for example, thickness 10mm～300mm between said heat accumulation space cell 15 and the heat accumulation space cell 15 by certain thickness thermal insulation layer 6; Said calcium silicate board at high temperature heat transfer efficiency is approximately 0.07～0.08W/ (m.k), has excellent heat insulation property and effect of heat insulation, and withstand voltage 0.8MPa makes to have tangible thermograde and mechanical support stability between a plurality of heat accumulation space cells.Has tangible thermograde between a plurality of heat accumulation space cells; The temperature difference of two whenever adjacent heat accumulation space cells is greater than 25 ℃; The series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 that multilayer has a thermal insulation layer 6 has guaranteed the stability of the formed thermograde of low side temperature of high-end temperature and the lower position of high end position well, reduces the axial temperature diffusion tendency.
Heat transfer input unit 4 comprises the heat transfer medium in heat transfer intake line 9 and the heat transfer intake line 9, and heat transfer intake line 9 spirals are through said heat accumulation space 2; And the spiral diameter rule of advancing changes, and on the heat transfer intake line 9 fin is set, and to increase its heat transfer area to heat-storage medium 3, improves heat transfer rate; Heat transfer medium preferable alloy or inorganic salts or conduction oil, metal are preferably SODIUM METAL, potassium, zinc, aluminium or its alloy, and inorganic salts are preferably nitrate, carbonate or chlorate etc. and composition thereof.Heat exchange output device 5 comprises the heat transferring medium in heat exchange output pipe 10 and the heat exchange output pipe 10, and heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals are through said heat accumulation space 2, and its spiral diameter rule of advancing changes, and on heat exchange output pipe 10, fin is set.Diameter and the heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals diameter complementation of advancing of advancing of heat transfer intake line 9 spirals; Promptly, heat advances diameter when diminishing gradually when being conveyed into pipe 9 spirals; The heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals diameter of advancing is conveyed on the pipe co-altitude in said heat and becomes big gradually, and vice versa; Heat transfer intake line 9 as shown in the figure does not contact with heat exchange output pipe 10 each other; Make the input and output loop through the heat-storage medium coupling; For example in Solar Energy Heat Utilization System, when fluctuation took place illumination condition, the fluctuation of the input circuit thermal parameter that the input power variation brings can directly not influence the stability of output loop thermal parameter; Thereby guarantee that the heat utilization device working stability is reliable, the feasible simultaneously control to the solar energy light collecting field becomes simple; Heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 spirals run through the thermal insulation layer 6 of each heat accumulation space cell and every layer; The general export of the main entrance of heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 is positioned at the high-temperature heat-storage space cell end in heat accumulation space 2, and the main entrance of the general export of heat transfer intake line 9 and heat exchange output pipe 10 is positioned at the low temperature heat accumulation space cell end in heat accumulation space 2.
The heat of the acceptance of Salar light-gathering field is connected in the heat transfer input unit 4 of native system; The general export of the main entrance of heat transfer input unit 4 and heat exchange output device 5 is positioned at heat accumulation space cell 15 ends of the high temperature in heat accumulation space 2; Promptly be positioned at the top in heat accumulation space 2; Making things convenient for the efficient heat conduction in heat transfer input unit 4 and the heat exchange output device 5, the heat of Salar light-gathering field is changed the inner and heat that swaps out from heat-storing device inside to heat-storing device.To being connected in outside acting device, for example hot machine is arranged heat transferring medium to heat exchange output device 5 in the heat exchange output pipe 10 with high-grade heat delivery, and this heat transferring medium is water-steam or air; Can obtain high-grade water vapour or hot-air constantly, high-temperature water vapor or hot-air get into hot machine acting, obtain machine power or generating.Heat transfer intake line 9 is with heat exchange output pipe 10 preferred disposed outside fins or be designed to helical form, and fin gap or spirals can differences at diverse location; Other space in heat accumulation space 2 is full of heat-storage medium 3, and conventional heat-storage medium 3 can use liquid heat-storage medium and solid-state heat-storage medium, and liquid heat-storage medium can be heat accumulation oil or conduction oil, fuse salt, and these are described above; Its weak point is arranged, for example poisonous, easy leakage, pollution, cost height, or limited by the temperature upper limit of itself; Problems such as the heat that exists unit volume to store is few, the preferred heat-storage medium 3 of the present invention is the solid heat-storage medium, more is optimized for the heat accumulation concrete; Magnesia, heat storage brick, metal, rock, slag and sand etc., speciality concrete and magnesia (MgO is like dead burnt magnesite sand); Thermal capacitance is high, density is big, so have very high volumetric specific heat capacity, has very high heat storage capacity; High heat storage temperature can reach 800 ℃, and cost is lower, is easy to storage, handling safety; Environment is not had any negative effect, and no leakage problem exists, and has stopped the environmental issue of existing heat-storage medium; In addition, in order to remedy concrete or the not too high shortcoming of magnesia conductivity, in a preferred embodiment of the invention; Can also radially add highly heat-conductive materials such as sheet metal, silk in the heat accumulation concrete in each unit, the magnesia medium,, make the capacity of heat transmission between each unit low simultaneously as far as possible to promote the radially capacity of heat transmission of heat-storage medium; And can be on axial length the variable cross-section layout, to obtain required different temperatures section different heat storage capacity and heat insulation effect, media such as concrete or heat accumulation magnesia do not have phase transformation in whole process; Belong to the sensible heat heat accumulation; Do not have tangible stereomutation, overcome contingent chemical reaction in existing most of heat-storage medium phase transformation, leak; Pollute poisonous or the like deficiency.
As shown in Figure 4, for the structure in more clear explanation heat accumulation space 2, illustrate the heat accumulation space cell 15 of the diverse location in the heat accumulation space 2 among the figure, be respectively heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2,15-3,15-4,15-5 and describe.Heat transferring medium traffic direction in the intake line of heat transfer shown in the figure 9 in the traffic direction of heat transfer medium and the heat exchange output pipe 10 is opposite; Heat transfer medium gets into from the heat accumulation space cell 15-5 in heat accumulation space 2; Transfer heat in heat accumulation space 2 is accomplished the heat accumulation process; Heat transferring medium gets into from the heat accumulation space cell 15-1 in heat accumulation space 2, in heat accumulation space 2, takes away heat, accomplishes heat transfer process.
Fig. 5 is the procedure chart that is heated of the heat-storing device of embodiments of the invention, and the heat transfer medium spiral heat transfer intake line 9 that the diameter rule changes of advancing of flowing through to the heat-storing device heating, makes its intensification.The layering heat transfer control module that the bottom multilayer heat accumulation space cell in heat accumulation space is formed; The corresponding respectively control valve of arranging of multilayer heat accumulation space cell; In diabatic process, take the layering input to conduct heat and control, (the output temperature height of the back heat transfer medium that conducts heat is to critical point) closed the output control valve of this layer correspondence when promptly the temperature of upper strata high-temperature heat-storage space cell rose to critical excitation relatively; And open the output control valve of adjacent lower floor heat accumulation space cell; Begin the heat transfer cycle system of this layer heat accumulation space cell, when the temperature of this layer heat accumulation space cell rises to critical excitation, open the heat transfer cycle system under this layer again; By that analogy, accomplish the heat transfer of integral high-temperature grade until opening bottom heat accumulation space cell at last.
In this heat-storing device, heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and 15-1 form layering heat transfer control module, and the control valve acquiescence of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 is opened, and the control valve of 15-1 acquiescence is closed.Concrete integral body receives thermal process to be: suppose that heat-storing device is through after continuing heat release night; The temperature of heat-storage mediums 3 is all reduced to about 150～250 ℃ in the heat accumulation space 2, and promptly during step 5-a, heat transfer medium is flowed through in the heat accumulation space 2; Begin to heat heat-storage medium 3 from 15-5 unit, heat accumulation space; Pass through heat accumulation space cell 15-4,15-3 and 15-2 midway, and in the initial diabatic process, heat-storage medium is without heat accumulation space cell 15-1; Heat transfer medium has discharged most of heat during heat-storage medium 3 process heat accumulation space cell 15-2; Through after the heat transfer of certain hour, i.e. step 5-b, it is close that the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-5 has obtained and imported heat transfer medium temperature constantly; This moment, heat transfer medium discharged certain heat through heat accumulation space cell 15-4; The heat transfer medium temperature descends to some extent, and during through heat accumulation space cell 15-3, heat transfer medium continues release heat; Its bulk temperature continues to descend; Still have certain heat to discharge at heat accumulation space cell 15-2, heat transfer medium temperature in whole process is all descending, and heat-storage medium 3 temperature are all rising; Again after after a while; Be step 5-c; Heat accumulation space cell 15-4 obtains and heat transfer medium input temperature constantly to heat-storage medium 3 temperature in the space of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 basically, and this moment, heat transfer medium was less to heat accumulation space cell 15-3 release heat through heat accumulation space cell 15-5, and it mainly heats the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-2; After passing through certain hour again; Be step 5-d, the heat-storage medium 3 temperature substantially constants that are heated in the heat accumulation space 2 have for example 550～650 ℃ of very high temperature simultaneously; At this moment, when still having great amount of heat to transfer to heat-storing device, begin to take the layering input to conduct heat and control as if the solar energy light field; Be step 5-e, with the heat accumulation space cell of heat accumulation space 2 bottoms, for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1; Open and conduct heat, promptly increase one deck heat accumulation space cell, when this moment, heat transfer medium was through heat accumulation space cell 15-5,15-4,15-3,15-2; Have only the release of heat seldom, when reaching heat accumulation space cell 15-1, heat discharges in a large number; Heat-storage medium 3 temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 sharply rise, and behind the certain hour, this heat accumulation space cell 15-1 heat heat accumulation is accomplished.
If still there is the heat transmission solar energy mirror field, use the mode of foregoing description to take layering input heat transfer control, open the lower floor heat accumulation space cell adjacent once more with heat accumulation space cell 15-1, accomplish the more storage of multipotency.At the initial stage of being heated, promptly quantity of heat storage hour, heat accumulation space 2 internal cause multilayers have the series connection heat accumulation space cell structure of layer; In axial direction can there be tangible thermograde in it; Inlet is high, export lowly, but that the porch also can obtain the approaching high-temperature of absorption temperature is regional.Along with quantity of heat storage increases, this temperature province can enlarge gradually, to the exit development, until final heat accumulation space 2 state that all reaches a high temperature.
The present invention is owing to adopt multilayer to have heat accumulation space 2 designs of the series connection heat accumulation space cell 15 of thermal insulation layer 6; Heat energy is very low in the transmission speed of spatial axis direction; No matter under the low or high state of quantity of heat storage; All can keep thermograde clearly, form good mesolimnion effect at certain hour; And the heat transfer intake line 9 of the heat accumulation space cell in the heat accumulation space transmits relatively easy many of heat to heat-storage medium; And transmit heat in order further to quicken radially to go up; The present invention upwards designs fin in the footpath of heat transfer output pipe 9 or in heat-storage medium 3, fills sheet metal, silk; And can heat accumulation space 2 axially on be designed to variable cross-section, to make things convenient for the more heat input.
Fig. 6 is the heat-storing device heat transfer process figure of embodiments of the invention, and heat-storage medium 3 heat exchange to the spiral in the heat-storing device heat exchange output pipe 10 that the diameter rule changes of advancing is with the heat transferring medium heat temperature raising of flowing through in spiral heat exchange output pipe 10.As shown in the figure, accomplish whole heat accumulation processes after, the heat-storage medium 3 temperature basically identicals in the whole heat accumulation space 2; Has very high temperature grade; For example 650 ℃, heat accumulation space 2 need be changed heat to heat transferring medium, and the heat transferring medium of high temperature is sent to outside acting device with heat; For example hot machine does work.Said heat exchange output device 5 places 2 tops, heat accumulation space; Structure can be designed to helical form or add fin structure; And the gap of spiral intervals or fin can be provided with difference in different zones; Mainly be in order to obtain more heat exchange area, make and accomplish swapping out of institute's calorific requirement in its shortest time that it is in the opposite direction that the heat transferring medium in the heat exchange output device 5 and heat transfer input unit 4 interior heat transfer mediums are advanced.
The corresponding respectively control valve of arranging of the layering heat exchange control module that the top multilayer heat accumulation space cell in heat accumulation space is formed, multilayer heat accumulation space cell is taked the heat exchange control of layering output in heat transfer process.In this heat-storing device, heat accumulation space cell 15-3,15-4 and 15-5 form layering heat exchange control module, and the control valve acquiescence of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 is opened, and the control valve of 15-4 and 15-4 acquiescence is closed.Heat transfer medium is gone into from the heat accumulation space cell 15-5 in airtight heat accumulation space 2; Go out from heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and 15-1, and heat transferring medium is gone into from the 15-1 unit, heat accumulation space in airtight heat accumulation space 2, go out from the port of heat accumulation space cell 15-3; After heat accumulation space cell 15-3 reaches the heat exchange critical condition; Take the heat exchange control of layering output, when promptly the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 drops to critical excitation (output temperature of heat transferring medium is low to moderate critical point after the heat exchange), this layer output control valve is closed; And open the output control valve of adjacent upper strata heat accumulation space cell 15-4; Begin the heat exchange circulatory system, when the temperature of this layer heat accumulation space cell 15-4 drops to critical excitation, open the heat exchange circulatory system on this layer again this layer heat accumulation space cell; By that analogy, accomplish the heat exchange of integral high-temperature grade until opening top layer heat accumulation space cell at last.
Concrete whole heat transfer process is: step 6-a, and heat transferring medium is water for example, and 15-1 goes into from the heat accumulation space cell; Liquid heat transfer medium for example becomes water vapour rapidly after the water heat absorption, through 15-2 unit, heat accumulation space, carries out overheated heating; Basically obtain and the close outlet temperature of heat-storage medium 3 maximum temperatures from heat accumulation space cell 15-3 exit; Because of heat-storage medium 3 is that closed structure for example highly is 100m, heat transferring medium just obtained to be superheated to 535 ℃ steam through heat exchange output device 5 before the heat accumulation space cell 15-2 of heat-storing device; And in the process of the heat-storage medium 3 of process back segment; Because of temperature is close, do not need release basically from the heat of the heat accumulation space cell 15-2 in heat accumulation space 2 and heat accumulation space cell 15-3, the temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 and heat accumulation space cell 15-3 remains unchanged; When the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 descends; Therefore heat transferring medium for example water/water vapour does not reach required high-temperature, in continuing to move ahead, continues to absorb heat, and rises to required maximum temperature numerical value up to temperature; This moment, resorbent heat was seldom from heat exchange output pipe 10 peripheral heat-storage mediums 3; The temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 after this position and heat accumulation space cell 15-3 does not descend basically, and whole process is the process that heat-storage medium 3 is lowered the temperature to heat accumulation space cell 15-2 from heat accumulation space cell 15-1 gradually, but the heat-storing device of the present invention's design; Heat-storage medium 3 with multilayer insulation layer 6 and multilayer series connection heat accumulation space cell 15; For example heat accumulation concrete or magnesia, the temperature conduction ability is very low on axial direction, the thermograde on can in the regular hour, forming axially; Promptly this heat accumulation space 2 can form good mesolimnion in the process of heat exchange; Heat accumulation space cell 15-3 can both keep the temperature high-grade at last up to heat exchange, makes heat transferring medium to the beginning to all keeping high-grade output eventually, keeps high efficiency.After the heat exchange of a period of time of process step 6-b; The temperature of the heat-storage medium 3 of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 reduces; And the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-2 also begins to reduce, but the range of decrease is less, and the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 remains unchanged always; When heat transferring medium leaves from heat accumulation space cell 15-3, also keeping close high temperature with heat accumulation space cell 15-3.After passing through the heat exchange of a period of time of step 6-c again, the huge range of decrease has taken place in heat accumulation space cell 15-1 temperature, and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 temperature begins to have had tangible reduction, and this moment heat accumulation space cell 15-3 temperature still keep high temperature constant; Final stage in heat exchange; It is violent that the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-1 and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 all descends; And the temperature of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 still keeps high temperature at this moment, and heat transferring medium gets into heat accumulation space cell 15-3 after heat accumulation space cell 15-1 and heat accumulation space cell 15-2 preheating; At the heat of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 acceptance part with through after overheated; From the output of heat accumulation space cell 15-3 port, still the temperature with heat accumulation space cell 15-3 output port is close for the temperature of this moment, up to the heat exchange critical excitation; Beginning step 6-d promptly takes the heat exchange control of layering output, opens heat accumulation space cell 15-4 and carries out heat exchange; This moment, heat transferring medium carried out preheating through heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2,15-3; Obtain the part heat, during through heat accumulation space cell 15-4, accomplish high-grade heat and swap out; When heat accumulation space cell 15-4 is in critical excitation, open new heat exchange, i.e. step 6-e, identical unlatching heat accumulation space cell 15-5 with aforesaid way accomplish high-grade heat output of a new round; Heat transfer medium all keeps high-grade heat output in whole heat transfer process, have high efficiency.
What be worth stressing is; Because in the design in the heat accumulation space 2 that the series connection heat accumulation space cell that adopts multilayer to have thermal insulation layer 6 is formed; Heat energy is lower in the transmittability of spatial axis direction; No matter under the low or high state of quantity of heat storage, all can keep thermograde clearly, form good mesolimnion effect at certain hour; And heat-storage mediums 3 transmit relatively easy many of heats to heat exchange output pipe 10 in the heat accumulation space 2; And in order further to quicken directly upwards to swap out heat, the present invention upwards designs fin in the footpath of heat exchange output pipe 10 or in heat-storage medium 3, fills sheet metal, wire.
Fig. 7 is the second embodiment sketch map of concrete heat-storage medium of the present invention; The heat-storing device of present embodiment comprises heat accumulation space 2, places heat-storage medium 3, heat transfer input unit 4, heat exchange output device 5 and external insulation structure 13 in this heat accumulation space 2; Said heat accumulation space is made up of multilayer insulation layer 6 and series connection heat accumulation space cell, arranges heat-storage medium concrete heat accumulation piece 16 in the heat accumulation space cell 15,16-1 as shown in the figure; 16-3 is different fan-shaped heat accumulation piece, and each heat accumulation space cell comprises the fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation piece 16 that a plurality of internal placement have heat transfer 9 and heat exchanging pipe 10, and this concrete has multiple material composite solidification to form that (raw material comprises; The basalt aggregate, slag aggregate, aluminate cement; Slag powders; Silicon powder, concavo-convex rod or the like), density can reach 2.8～3.5g/cm
3, compression strength 40～60MPa, rupture strength 8～12MPa, volume specific volume 100～150kWh/m
3, thermal conductivity 1.5～3W/ (mk), 900 ℃ of refractory temperatures.Heat accumulation space cell 15 is controlled the integral body that circularizes by a plurality of concrete heat accumulation pieces by rule, and each pipeline of the concrete block that each is fan-shaped interconnects at the interior ring of annular, forms the heat transfer 9 and heat exchanging pipe 10 of separate and complete perforation respectively; The thermal insulation layer 6 of certain thickness good thermo-insulation properties is arranged at the two ends of the heat accumulation space cell of annular; Calcium silicate board for example; Its thermal conductivity is 0.07W/ (mk), and compression strength 0.8MPa has good isolated temperature performance; To obtain obtaining thermograde between each heat accumulation space cell, whole heat accumulation space forms good mesolimnion.
Fig. 8 is the heat accumulation space cell structural representation of second embodiment; Heat accumulation space cell as shown in Figure 8 comprises the thermal insulation layer 6 and middle concrete heat accumulation ring piece of end face.Concrete heat accumulation ring piece is then arranged by a plurality of fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation slip gauges and is formed; The heat transfer and the heat exchanging pipe of each fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation piece internal placement screw arrangement; Fan-shaped small curve inner termination is stretched out heat transfer 9 and heat exchanging pipe 10; Pipeline joins end to end; 4 terminations are stretched out in each fan-shaped termination of concrete heat accumulation piece as shown in Figure 7, two input terminations (input termination and the heat exchange input termination of conducting heat) and two output terminations (output termination and the heat exchange input termination of conducting heat), each adjacent fan-shaped concrete heat accumulation piece; For example concrete heat accumulation piece 16-1 and concrete heat accumulation piece 16-2 pipeline join end to end each other; Form heat transfer and the output pipe that runs through respectively, as shown in the figure, concrete heat accumulation piece 16-1,16-2,16-3; The heat transfer output termination of heat accumulation piece 16-2 and heat exchange output termination are connected to heat transfer input termination and the heat exchange input termination of heat accumulation piece 16-1 respectively, and the heat transfer input termination of heat accumulation piece 16-2 and heat exchange input termination are connected to heat transfer output termination and the heat exchange output termination of heat accumulation piece 16-3 respectively.
The connection that joins end to end each other of pipeline between heat accumulation space cell 15-1,15-2 and the 15-3 forms heat transfer and the output pipe (Fig. 8 is not shown) that runs through respectively; Input termination and output termination that a fan-shaped heat accumulation piece is arranged in the concrete heat accumulation ring of each heat accumulation space cell; Method of attachment is different with Fig. 7 mode; The heat transfer input termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2 and heat exchange input termination are connected to heat transfer output and the heat exchange output termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2, and the heat transfer output termination of heat transfer space unit 15-2 and heat exchange output termination are connected to heat transfer input termination and the heat exchange input termination of heat transfer space unit 15-1.
Said heat transfer input unit 4 in described heat accumulation space 2, accomplishes the heat biography with heat exchange output device 5 and heat is changed.The said heat accumulation space cell that faces series connection mutually for example uses certain thickness thermal insulation layer 6 to separate between 15-1 and the 15-2; Has tangible thermograde between a plurality of heat accumulation space cells; The temperature difference of two whenever adjacent heat accumulation space cells is greater than 25 ℃; The series connection heat accumulation space cell that multilayer has a thermal insulation layer 6 has guaranteed the stability of the formed thermograde of low side temperature of high-end temperature and the lower position of high end position well, reduces the axial temperature diffusion tendency.
Fig. 9 is the sketch map that the heat accumulation entire space of second embodiment is arranged; The transfer of the no position of a kind of heat-storage medium 3 provided by the invention in heat accumulation space 2 has good thermoclinic structure, and integral body has the thermal store of a certain proportion of length-width ratio; For example 1～5, in order to guarantee to continue the high-grade temperature of output, need have good exchange capability of heat high-end (input port or heat exchange delivery outlet end promptly conduct heat) of closed heat-storing device; And that its needed heat total capacity not necessarily needs is very big, and the pressure that receives of heat accumulation space cell and thermal insulation layer 6 that airtight heat-storing device is positioned at the bottom is along with the increase of height, and pressure is also in increase; The present invention as shown in the figure propose a kind of become diameter the closed heat-storing device, the bottom of closed heat-storing device has for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1 of bigger diameter, the heat-storage medium in the heat accumulation space cell 15-1; Heat accumulation concrete for example, withstand voltage 80MPa, thermal insulation layer 6; Calcium silicates for example, withstand voltage 0.8MPa is under the identical compressive resistance; Have greatlyyer when receiving area, then structure is more firm; Rising along with height; The heat accumulation space cell of the respective layer for example pressure that receives of heat accumulation space cell 15-5 and thermal insulation layer 6 diminishes; The diameter of corresponding closed heat-storing device diminishes, and a kind of temperature end diameter of whole formation is little, and low temperature end diameter is big; Stability Analysis of Structures, the closed heat-storing device that heat exchange efficiency is high.
What need specified otherwise is, second examples of implementation of the invention described above can directly be applied in the tower type solar photo-thermal power generation, stand on the heat-storing device on the ground, and the heat accumulation space cell of major diameter low temperature is 15-1 for example, is positioned at the bottom of heat-storing device; The minor diameter heat accumulation space cell of high temperature is 15-9 for example, is positioned at the top of heat-storing device; And the heat accumulation space cell that tower recipient 17 is positioned at high temperature is for example on the 15-9; Be used for receiving converge sunlight from heliostat; So heat-storing device can provide the certain height enabling capabilities when the heat accumulation function is provided, and converge sunlight directly gets into from heat accumulation space cell 15-9 after becoming heat; Carry out storing heat, all heats of accepting are stored in the heat-storing device; Realize the comprehensive utilization of heat-storing device, practice thrift cost, receiver is tightly linked between heat-storing device on the other hand, can shorten pipeline length, reduces heat loss, reduces the medium circulation driving power; Medium in heat transfer in the heat-storing device and/or the heat-exchanger rig can adopt conduction oil or media such as fuse salt or metal or alloy or water-steam or air; And take the heat transfer control of layering input and the heat exchange control of layering output; As shown in Figure 9; Heat transfer cycle system (among the figure shown in the dotted line) comprises heat accumulation space cell 15-1, the layering heat transfer control module that 15-2 and 15-3 form; The heat exchange circulatory system (among the figure shown in the solid line) comprises heat accumulation space cell 15-7; 15-8 and 15-9 form layering heat exchange control module; Heat accumulation space cell in each control module is equipped with a control valve; The control valve that for example heat accumulation space cell 15-1 is corresponding is A, and the control valve that heat accumulation space cell 15-9 is corresponding is I; In the heat transfer cycle system; Tower recipient 17 is accepted the solar energy from the convergence of heliostat 18 reflections; Through the top of heat transfer medium from heat-storing device, promptly heat accumulation space cell 15-9 begins the heat-storing device transfer heat, begins the hierarchical control of conducting heat during heat transfer medium process layering heat transfer control module; Control valve C opens in the layering heat transfer control module of this moment, and control valve B and A are closed; When the corresponding heat accumulation space cell 15-3 of control valve C arrive saturated critical when importing duty into, closed control valve C, opening controlling valve B, and control valve A remains closed; When the corresponding heat accumulation space cell 15-2 of control valve B arrive saturated critical when importing duty into, closed control valve B, opening controlling valve A, and control valve C remains closed, and all accomplishes heat accumulation up to whole heat accumulation space cell, the layering control of conducting heat finishes.In the heat exchange circulatory system, heat transferring medium is from the bottom of heat-storing device, and promptly heat accumulation space cell 15-1 begins heat-storing device heat exchange quantity of heat given up; Begin the heat exchange hierarchical control during heat transferring medium process layering heat exchange control module, control valve G opens in the layering heat exchange control module of this moment, and control valve H and I are closed; The heat of heat exchange output is through the device 19 that externally does work; For example hot machine, after the cool cycles, the bottom of heat-storing device is got back in cooling; When the corresponding heat accumulation space cell 15-7 of control valve G arrives critical swapping out during duty, closed control valve G, opening controlling valve H, control valve I remains closed; When the corresponding heat accumulation space cell 15-8 of control valve H arrives critical swapping out during duty, closed control valve H, opening controlling valve I, control valve G remains closed, the heat in whole heat-storing device.So use layering heat transfer and heat exchange control system,, improve the efficient utilization of heat to obtain high-grade storage and release heat.
Figure 10 be conduct heat in the heat accumulation space of the 3rd embodiment, heat exchange operational mode sketch map; The heat transfer system of the heat-storing device of present embodiment and heat-exchange system are implemented the heat transfer control and the heat exchange control of different temperatures grade respectively, and heat transfer input in the heat accumulation space of different temperatures grade and heat exchange output can be carried out simultaneously.Heat transfer intake line in the heat accumulation space of a plurality of different temperatures grades or heat exchange output pipe can integral body be arranged in parallel or the part is arranged in parallel, in identical or approaching Position Design independently a gateway or a shared gateway separately.Heat accumulation as shown in the figure space 2 is made up of the heat accumulation space of a plurality of temperature grades, specifically is made up of high-temperature heat-storage space I, middle temperature heat accumulation space II and low temperature heat accumulation space III, and the heat accumulation space of each temperature grade is made up of a plurality of series connection heat accumulation space cells 15 respectively; In order to describe the heat transfer in the heat-storing device, the control of heat exchange operational mode, mainly with high-temperature heat-storage space I and the middle temperature heat accumulation space II description of giving an example, heat transfer medium that it is corresponding and heat transferring medium are in high-temperature grade I and middle temperature grade II respectively to hereinafter.
The input operational mode of conducting heat is: the heat transfer medium (heat transfer medium that for example comes from tower type solar of high-temperature grade I; 550 ℃ of temperature) select from getting near the heat transfer intake line inlet of the heat storage units of the low temperature slightly position of I temperature grade; Preferentially its heat that carries is saved as high temperature condition as far as possible; Continue the heat that downward one deck heat accumulation space cell deposits lower temperature in then, the rest may be inferred, flows out from outlet the most nearby up to arriving the minimum temperature point back that allows; Meanwhile; Heat-storing device carries out the heat transfer medium of temperature grade II in another road (for example from the heat transfer medium of groove type solar; 350 ℃ of temperature) import into; Its heat transfer medium is selected preferentially its heat that carries to be saved as high temperature condition as far as possible from getting near the heat transfer intake line inlet of the heat storage units of the low temperature slightly position of II temperature grade, continues downward one deck heat accumulation space cell then to deposit the heat that hangs down some temperature in; The rest may be inferred, flows out from outlet the most nearby up to arriving the minimum temperature point back that allows; The heat transfer intake line of the heat transfer medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this storage device receive the heat that stores the various grades in various sources simultaneously with optimum way, has the scope of application more widely, and is practical more economically.
Heat exchange output operational mode is: the heat transmission heat transferring medium of high-temperature grade I selects that (temperature is higher than 435 ℃ from flowing out near the heat exchanging pipe outlet of the space cell of the high-temperature heat-storage slightly position of I temperature grade; Be applied to steam turbine power generation); Preferentially using as far as possible, the heat energy of low temperature state carries out preheating; When treating that this heat accumulation space cell temperature can't satisfy the output temperature condition; Continue to extract to last layer heat accumulation space cell the heat of higher temperature again, the rest may be inferred, temperature required up to arriving; Meanwhile; The heat that heat-storing device carries out the middle temperature grade II on another road swaps out; Its heat exchange heat transmission medium also selects the heat exchanging pipe outlet of the space cell of the high-temperature heat-storage slightly position of temperature grade II from the most approaching to flow out (about 200 ℃ of temperature is applied to industrial steam), preferentially uses the heat energy of low temperature state as far as possible; When treating that this heat accumulation space cell temperature can't satisfy the output temperature condition; Continue the heat that a heat accumulation space cell upwards extracts higher temperature again, the rest may be inferred, temperature required up to arriving; The heat exchanging pipe of the heat transferring medium process of I, two kinds of temperature grades of II can partially overlap or be independent separately.This mode can make this heat-storing device that the heat output of various grades can be provided with optimum way simultaneously, has the scope of application more widely, and is practical more economically.
Obviously, under the prerequisite that does not depart from true spirit of the present invention and scope, the present invention described here can have many variations.Therefore, the change that all it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all should be included within the scope that these claims contain.The present invention's scope required for protection is only limited described claims.
Claims (20)
1. heat-storing device; By heat accumulation space (2) be arranged on the outer heat-insulation layer (13) in said heat accumulation space (2) and form; It is characterized in that: said heat accumulation space (2) is made up of the thermal insulation layer (6) that is provided with between heat accumulation space cell (15) and said heat accumulation space cell (15) and the heat accumulation space cell (15), and said heat accumulation space cell (15) set inside has heat-storage medium, heat transfer input unit (4) and heat exchange output device (5).
2. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of said heat-storage medium is one or more of concrete, magnesia, heat storage brick, metal, rock, slag and sand.
3. heat-storing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: place highly heat-conductive materials such as sheet metal, wire in the said heat-storage medium and fill.
4. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat accumulation space cell (15) is to be controlled by loop configuration by fan-shaped heat accumulation piece (16) to form.
5. heat-storing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said fan-shaped heat accumulation piece (16) the inner is provided with the input termination of conducting heat, conducts heat and export termination, heat exchange input termination and heat exchange output termination.
6. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat accumulation space (2) is formed by multilayer heat accumulation space cell (15) lontitudinal series.
7. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of said thermal insulation layer (6) is 10mm～300mm.
8. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat transfer input unit (4) comprises heat transfer intake line (9) and the heat transfer medium thereof through said heat accumulation space (2).
9. heat-storing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: said heat transfer medium is metal, inorganic salts or conduction oil or air.
10. heat-storing device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: said metal is SODIUM METAL, potassium, zinc, aluminium or its alloy.
11. heat-storing device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: said inorganic salts are nitrate, carbonate, chlorate or its mixture.
12. heat-storing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: said heat transfer intake line (9) is provided with fin.
13. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat exchange output device (5) comprises heat exchange output pipe (10) and the heat transferring medium thereof through said heat accumulation space (2).
14. heat-storing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that: said heat transferring medium can be air, water-steam or conduction oil.
15. heat-storing device according to claim 13 is characterized in that: said heat exchange output pipe (10) is provided with fin.
16. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat accumulation space (2) serves as to implement hierarchical control with heat accumulation space cell (15).
17. according to Claim 8 or 13 described heat-storing devices, it is characterized in that: said heat transfer intake line (9) and heat exchange output pipe (10) are two or many, each bar pipeline can omnidistance parallel connection side by side or part side by side and have a gateway of diverse location.
18. heat-storing device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said heat-storing device has the heat accumulation space of different temperatures grade; The input of conducting heat implements to divide other control of conducting heat to control with heat exchange with heat exchange output, and the heat transfer input of different temperatures and heat exchange are exported and can be carried out simultaneously.
19. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat transfer input unit (4) obtains heat through connecting the Salar light-gathering field.
20. heat-storing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be arranged to variable cross-section on said heat accumulation space (2) is axial.
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| CN102954725A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-03-06 | 上海骄英能源科技有限公司 | Combined type phase-change heat storage device |
| CN103673165A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 魏铮 | Multifunctional system tail end energy storing and releasing machine |
| CN104180698A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-03 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院 | Heat storage apparatus |
| CN104807057A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-29 | 南京星环能源科技有限公司 | Heat accumulation heat reservoir for heat collector |
| CN106655894A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-10 | 邵阳学院 | Multi-heat-source thermoelectric power generation system |
| CN107328120A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-07 | 中机华信诚电力工程有限公司 | A kind of energy storage heat-exchange system of high and low temperature fused salt |
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| CN106655894B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-07-24 | 邵阳学院 | A kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system |
| CN107328120A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-07 | 中机华信诚电力工程有限公司 | A kind of energy storage heat-exchange system of high and low temperature fused salt |
| CN107975951A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-05-01 | 全球能源互联网欧洲研究院 | A kind of heat-storing device and heat reservoir |
| CN112236638A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2021-01-15 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Heat accumulator, heat accumulation system and heat accumulation method |
| CN109556301A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-02 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂辅机工程有限公司 | A kind of hot-water cylinder energy-storage system in solar energy in low-grade utility system |
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