CN102600950A - Chinese medicinal material grinding process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Chinese medicinal material grinding process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102600950A CN102600950A CN2012100848280A CN201210084828A CN102600950A CN 102600950 A CN102600950 A CN 102600950A CN 2012100848280 A CN2012100848280 A CN 2012100848280A CN 201210084828 A CN201210084828 A CN 201210084828A CN 102600950 A CN102600950 A CN 102600950A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-frequency vibration airflow grinding process suitable for medicinal materials and equipment used for the process. The process comprises the specific steps of carrying out mechanical coarse grinding, high-frequency vibration grinding and airflow grinding, and grading. The equipment mainly comprises a main shaft, a grading shaft, a feed hopper, a grinder host machine, an air inlet, a separator and an airflow grinding device, wherein the main shaft is connected with a main shaft transmission mechanism; the grading shaft is connected with a grading shaft transmission mechanism; cooling spacer sleeves are arranged at the outer wall of a bearing seat, a cutter disc, a gear ring and a grading wheel, respectively; and an air outlet cooling spacer sleeve with is arranged at the inner side of a right end cover. The high-frequency vibration airflow grinding process solves the problems of material metamorphism in high temperature oxidization, effective components loss and eliguation, and low grading efficiency and precision in the existing Chinese medicinal fine powder preparation process, the graded grinding for various Chinese medicinal materials is realized, the particle size of Chinese medicinal fine powder reaches 1-125 mum, the plant type Chinese medicinal cell-wall breaking ratio reaches greater than or equal to 98%, the Chinese medicinal active substances are high in retention degree, and the medicinal resources consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process, and the equipment that is used for this technology, the Chinese medicine manufacture field belonged to.
Background technology
The composition of Chinese medicine mainly is animal (containing human organ), plant, mineral; Its active ingredient is very complicated; The essential condition of Chinese medicine processing is: one, keep the pharmacodynamics material base, guarantee that promptly its active ingredient is not destroyed as far as possible, two, improve bioavilability; Guarantee that promptly its active ingredient discharges as far as possible, thereby improve herbal medicine efficacy, saving Chinese medicine.
The plant medicine material contains carbohydrate, oils, and complicated ingredients such as armaticity, volatile ingredient if can the cell membrane of plant medicine material be pulverized, can improve its bioavilability greatly.
The traditional handicraft that the Chinese medicine material is pulverized is an impact shearing method, with the material input to hit at a high speed and shear action is in master's the pulverizer material to be pulverized.The defective of these class methods is that product is too thick on the one hand, and the certain plants fibre length is longer on the other hand, and its product is floccule, is unfavorable for further disperseing and mixing; In addition, have also in the conventional method in the production technology that high-temperature oxydation is prone to take place that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision.Bioavilability for the important material of further raising Chinese medicine should adopt new technology, compares with traditional treatment method to make some active ingredient be able to keep greatly, and the preparation degree of Chinese medicine is improved.
At present, the employing dither comminuting method that is processed with of Chinese medicine fine powder or micro mist, the employing comminution by gas stream that has all has its weak point:
It is fast that the dither comminuting method is pulverized speed to fibrous, high tenacity Chinese medicine, and still, single-machine capacity is little, and the unit interval crushing quantity is little; When smashing fineness acquired a certain degree, part Chinese medicine microparticle can produce agglomeration again, got into contrary shredding stage, was difficult to continue to be crushed to thinner; Viscosity Chinese medicine, urging property Chinese medicine is pulverized weak effect; In pulverizing, can not carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, the finished product size distribution is big, and final products need further screening; If pulverize the meticulous big molecule that will destroy part Chinese medicine, can lose volatilization wet goods chemical composition, thereby, pharmaceutically active substance in being difficult to keep; Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate≤95%.
Air-flow is pulverized mineral property Chinese medicine, viscosity Chinese medicine, urging property Chinese medicine good crushing effect; In pulverizing, can carry out the fine powder classification regulates; The finished product size distribution is very little-and grade is accurate, does not have oarse-grained appearance, adiabatic expansion can make system temperature reduce because compressed air is at the nozzle place; So whole comminuting space is a low temperature environment; The pulverizing of powder be at low temperatures moment accomplish, thereby avoided certain material in crushing process, to produce heat and middle pharmaceutically active substance reserving degree height takes place for the phenomenon of destroying its chemical analysis.But it is the retrofit operation that air-flow is pulverized, and a lot of Chinese medicines must be earlier through pulverizing before the air-flow grinding and processing, make Chinese medicine reach certain fineness after, it is broken just to carry out further fine powder, particularly pulverizes the very little Chinese medicine of quality, then crushing effect is poorer; Then can in pulverizing, produce deformability for toughness and elasticity Chinese medicine, cause invalid pulverizing, plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate≤95%.
Therefore, use same equipment, realize pulverizing the medicinal material of various differing textures with a kind of disintegrating process, and the Chinese medicine fine powder or the micro mist of pharmaceutically active substance also has certain difficulty in farthest keeping, at present, domestic still do not have a report.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned weak point of prior art; The present invention provides a kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process, the invention solves in the existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technology that high-temperature oxydation is prone to take place that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, has realized the classification pulverizing to several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials; The particle diameter of Chinese medicine fine powder reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m; Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, and middle pharmaceutically active substance reserving degree is high, reduces medicine resource consumption.Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of equipment that is applicable to this technology.
The present invention realizes through implementing following technical proposals:
A kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing, smashing fineness reach the 40-80 order;
(2) dither is pulverized: form compression through the Chinese medicine of vibration at high speed after to coarse crushing and pulverize smashing fineness 80～300 orders;
(3) air-flow is pulverized: with the high velocity air that possesses 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy the Chinese medicine after pulverizing through dither is further pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m;
(4) classification:, collect the fine powder finished product to Chinese medicine segmentation the carrying out classification after pulverizing.
Further, in step (1), be main with the bump coarse crushing, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.
Further; In step (2); Utilize vibration to make input material wherein produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again, Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing.
Further; In step (3), adopt air communication to cross nozzle with 0.8～1.0MPa static energy; Quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into the kinetic energy of high velocity air; Pulverizing speed reaches 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2Impulsive force, cause that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize.
Further, in step (4),, under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate through the eddy current high speed sorting; Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean air is discharged atmosphere; Realize that 100% pulverizes no residue.
The adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled through the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber in the mechanical type coarse crushing.
Through regulating the different various Chinese medicine processing that adapt to different powder fineness of its normal pressure and shearing force and time, said normal pressure and shearing force are through acceleration of motion r ω in dither is pulverized
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, feed cooled materials, control Chinese medicine processing temperature.
A kind of disintegrating apparatus that is used for the Chinese medicine disintegrating process; It is characterized in that this equipment mainly comprises the main shaft and the classification axle that is connected with the classification shaft transmission, feed hopper, pulverizer main frame, air inlet, separator and air flow crushing device that is connected with spindle drive; Bearing block outer wall, outer simple outer wall are provided with the cooling spacer; And at the inboard air outlet cooling spacer that adopts of right end cap, main shaft is connected with the shaft coupling of disintegrating apparatus respectively with the classification axle.
Helical structure is adopted in said separator import.
Said air flow crushing device mainly is made up of vent valve, flow design valve, flowmeter, air distribution plate, U-pipe differential manometer, gallery ports, blower fan and gatherer.
Said gatherer bottom is provided with the particle outlet pipe, offers the bulky grain inlet tube on the sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid; Its top is with the fluid lower end closed; The bottom connects the particle outlet pipe; Make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space, and the corresponding barrel wall of this closed space is provided with the tracheae of going into that is used to introduce fluidizing gas to particle.
Said air distribution plate adopts the 3-dimensional metal net structure.
The present invention establishes joint valve, vent valve through regulating flow, and flowmeter numerical value is set, and constitutes air-flow and pulverizes warm and humid controllable system, has realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
The present invention is according to the gravitational field classification principle; Adopt dither to pulverize the Chinese medicine fine powder production new technology that combines with air-flow; Solved in the existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technology that high-temperature oxydation is prone to take place that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, realized classification pulverizing, the fineness of Chinese medicine fine powder (or particle diameter to several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials; Reach 1 μ m～125 μ m down together); Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, and middle pharmaceutically active substance reserving degree is high, reduces medicine resource consumption.
The present invention can be widely used in all kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs fine powder production such as mineral property, viscosity, fragility, fibrous, high tenacity; Its product Chinese medicine fine powder except that tcm clinical practice directly be used for oral; Can be used for Chinese medicine preparation; External preparation, the exploitation of formulations such as Chinese medicine buccal tablet, instant of lingual surface, Foradil Aerolizer formoterol fumarate, spray, capsule, micro-capsule also can be used for being developed to various health-care tonic article, food additives.
The present invention compares with existing technology, reduces medicine resource consumption, has improved Chinese medicine medicine precision.Particularly:
1) use the Chinese medicine kind extensive
Disintegrating process of the present invention is pulverized dither with air-flow and is pulverized combination; Maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones; Taked corresponding series of process method and pulverized parameter regulation and produce the Chinese medicine fine powder, reached and be applicable to various differing textures, different animal, plant, the processing of mineral Chinese medicine material of breediness, comprised containing carbohydrate; Contain oils, contain the processing and the production of armaticity, volatile ingredient Chinese medicine; Animal shell, bone class medicinal material and the mineral substance medicine fine and close to quality have more superiority; The Chinese medicine very little to fibrous, high tenacity, high rigidity, high viscosity, high resiliency, urging property and quality all adapts to; Also can carry out the low temperature pulverizing of guaranteeing the quality, the fresh and alive tissue of fresh Chinese herbal medicine and animal is pulverized; The breaking-wall cell rate is up to more than 98%.
2) can adjust the pulverizing temperature, help the retains biological activity composition.
Pulverize under the temperature 10～40 ℃ of middle temperature, the mechanical type coarse crushing is pulverized and can be controlled through temperature and the flow of regulating cooling water with dither, need low temperature-8～8 ℃, during ultralow temperature-45 ℃ pulverizing, and the refrigeration system of configuration can be controlled.Also can heat according to the operation needs.Air-flow is pulverized and classification because whole comminuting space is a low temperature environment, the pulverizing of powder be at low temperatures moment accomplish, do not need to be equipped with in addition refrigeration system and prevent that temperature from raising.Because temperature can be adjusted control; Thereby; According to the needs of different medicinal materials, under different temperature, carry out, avoided generation material high-temperature oxydation, rotten and loss of active ingredients and segregation; And the target of pharmaceutically active substance and nutritional labeling in can realizing to greatest extent keeping, thereby improve drug effect.
3) 100% pulverize no residue.
This technology is to various differing textures, different animal, plant, the mineral Chinese medicine material of breediness; Through mechanical type coarse crushing, dither are pulverized, air-flow is pulverized and the reasonable adjusting of the pulverizing normal pressure of three links of classification and shearing force, charging rate, pulverizing time, smashing fineness and classification, pulverizing temperature; Realized being pulverized 100% of Chinese medicine and pulverized, the whole machining process process does not have residue.
4) its normal pressure of scalable and shearing force.
It is different with shearing force that different Chinese medicines is processed into the needed normal pressure of equal fineness; Different Chinese medicines also is different in the fineness that mechanical type coarse crushing, dither pulverizing, air-flow should be processed in pulverizing, and can adapt to various Chinese medicines processing needs and regulate smashing fineness through the difference of regulating its normal pressure and shearing force as required in this technology pin production process.
5) fineness grade of scalable Chinese medicine fine powder.
Through regulating its normal pressure and shearing force in the dither pulverizing; The eddy current high speed sorting carried out the fine powder classification and regulates and can realize that the fineness of Chinese medicine fine powder reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m during air-flow was pulverized; And carry out classification and regulate fineness grade, this technology can be divided into level Four: generally can produce≤125 μ m levels≤75 μ m levels; ≤48 μ m levels ,≤25 μ m levels.
6) production automation degree is high, energy consumption is low, safe and reliable.
The present invention is fit to dry type and case of wet attrition, can add entry, alcohol or other solvent during case of wet attrition; Employing meets the stainless steel that national drug, food standard require to be made, with the material contact site be polishing stainless steel, inner corner circular arc is excessive.
7) totally-enclosed is pulverized, and no dust overflows, and effectively prevents dust pollution.
The present invention carries out cleaner production; In the Chinese medicine fine powder process; Connect through closed pipeline between mechanical type coarse crushing, dither pulverizing, air-flow pulverizing and classification process and the operation, whole technology is carried out under the totally-enclosed state, thereby; Realized that process do not have dust and overflow, effectively prevented dust pollution.
Technology according to the invention has realized different Chinese medicine classification fine powders broken: generally can produce≤125 μ m levels≤75 μ m levels ,≤48 μ m levels ,≤25 μ m levels.
Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, and middle pharmaceutically active substance reserving degree is high.
The experimental study of dither gas flow crushing process:
At first,, select Chinese medicines such as the different animal of differing texture, content, breediness, plant, mineral, confirm to use the moving Chinese medicine fine powder kind of production through test;
Secondly; Through test; Confirm the various technological parameters of Chinese medicine fine powder processing; The concrete parameter that comprises pulverizing normal pressure and shearing force, smashing fineness, pulverizing temperature, the active ingredient of the Chinese medicine fine powder product after guaranteeing to process is not destroyed as far as possible and the sporoderm-broken rate of Chinese medicine fine powder product plant medicine material cell membrane reaches >=and 98%.
Through different Chinese medicines are formulated different pulverizing normal pressure and shearing force parameter, different pulverizing temperature parameters, different smashing fineness parameter and classifications, the Chinese medicine fine powder of producing takes the laser diffraction analysis method to measure granularity, size distribution and specific area respectively according to the difference of its active ingredient character; Microscope observing cell sporoderm-broken rate, ESEM are observed microscopic morphology down, adopt thin-layered chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography test; External dissolution test, acid-base titration, ultraviolet spectrophotometry; Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR); Ultra-violet absorption spectrum, high resolution mass spec (MS), its product structure of conclusive evidence such as differential thermal analysis (DTA) and optimum content.Thereby, final selected best pulverizing normal pressure and shearing force parameter, pulverizing temperature parameter, smashing fineness parameter and classification.
In the dither gas flow crushing process flow process, at first Chinese medicine being carried out with the bump is main mechanical type coarse crushing, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.The fat of animal class or jelly Chinese medicine are taked crushing chamber cooled off to reduce to pulverize temperature, solve the sticking wall that is prone in producing, stop up the problem of pulverizing the turnover road and can't pulverizing; Smashing fineness reaches the 40-80 order, and the adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled through the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.
Secondly; The employing dither is pulverized; Utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again, Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing.Through regulate its normal pressure and shearing force (through acceleration of motion r ω 2, time of vibration or mill be situated between and material recently regulate control) process with the different various Chinese medicines that adapt to different powder fineness of time; When pulverizing, feed cooled materials, control Chinese medicine processing temperature is carried out at high temperature, low temperature or ultralow temperature, also can heat according to the operation needs.
The 3rd; Adopt air-flow to pulverize and classification, it is to adopt the air communication with 0.8-1.0MPa static energy to cross a special nozzle that air-flow is pulverized, and is quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber; Change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into; Kinetic energy with high velocity air clashes into pulverizing Chinese medicine, and pulverizing speed can reach 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2Impulsive force, be mechanical disintegration tens to hundreds of times, and cause that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize.Pass through the eddy current high speed sorting then, under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, this technology can be divided into level Four.Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean air is discharged atmosphere, realize that 100% pulverizes no residue.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of disintegrating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air flow crushing device among Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: with the bump coarse crushing is main, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 40 orders;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again; Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing, smashing fineness 80 orders;
(3) air-flow is pulverized: adopt the air communication with 0.8MPa static energy to cross nozzle; Quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into the kinetic energy of high velocity air; Pulverizing speed reaches 300 meter per seconds; The impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2 causes that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize, and smashing fineness reaches 125 μ m.
(4) classification: through the eddy current high speed sorting, under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, can be divided into level Four; Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean air is discharged atmosphere; Realize that 100% pulverizes no residue.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: with the bump coarse crushing is main, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 80 orders or 180 μ m;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again; Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing, smashing fineness 300 orders 48 μ m;
(3) air-flow is pulverized: adopt the air communication with 1.0MPa static energy to cross nozzle; Quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into the kinetic energy of high velocity air; Pulverizing speed reaches 500 meter per seconds; The impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2 causes that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize, and smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m;
(4) classification: through the eddy current high speed sorting, under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, can be divided into level Four; Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean air is discharged atmosphere; Realize that 100% pulverizes no residue.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: with the bump coarse crushing is main, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 60 orders, or 270 μ m;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again; Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing; Smashing fineness 180 orders, or 100 μ m;
(3) air-flow is pulverized: adopt the air communication with 0.9MPa static energy to cross nozzle; Quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into the kinetic energy of high velocity air; Pulverizing speed reaches 400 meter per seconds; The impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2 causes that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize, and smashing fineness reaches 80 μ m;
(4) classification: through the eddy current high speed sorting, under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, can be divided into level Four; Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean air is discharged atmosphere; Realize that 100% pulverizes no residue.
Embodiment 4
Disintegrating apparatus in a kind of Chinese medicine disintegrating process; It is characterized in that this equipment mainly comprises the main shaft and the classification axle that is connected with the classification shaft transmission, feed hopper 7, pulverizer main frame 16, air inlet 15, separator 17 and air flow crushing device 18 that is connected with spindle drive; Bearing block outer wall, cutterhead, gear ring, grading wheel; Be provided with the cooling spacer, and at the inboard air outlet cooling spacer that adopts of right end cap, main shaft is connected with the shaft coupling of disintegrating apparatus respectively with the classification axle.Helical structure is adopted in the import of said separator 17.Said air flow crushing device mainly is made up of vent valve 1, flow design valve 2, flowmeter 3, air distribution plate 4, U-pipe differential manometer 5, gallery ports 6, blower fan 8 and gatherer 9.Said gatherer bottom is provided with the particle outlet pipe, offers the bulky grain inlet tube on the sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid; Its top is with the fluid lower end closed; The bottom connects the particle outlet pipe; Make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space, and the corresponding barrel wall of this closed space is provided with the tracheae of going into that is used to introduce fluidizing gas to particle.Said air distribution plate 4 adopts the 3-dimensional metal net structure.Establish joint valve 2, vent valve 1 through regulating flow, flowmeter numerical value is set, constitute air-flow and pulverize warm and humid controllable system, realize the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
The adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled through the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber in the mechanical type coarse crushing.Through regulating the different various Chinese medicine processing that adapt to different powder fineness of its normal pressure and shearing force and time, said normal pressure and shearing force are through acceleration of motion r ω in dither is pulverized
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, feed cooled materials, control Chinese medicine processing temperature is carried out at high temperature, low temperature or ultralow temperature, also can heat according to the operation needs.
Said gatherer bottom is provided with the particle outlet pipe, offers the bulky grain inlet tube on the sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid; Its top is with the fluid lower end closed; The bottom connects the particle outlet pipe; Make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space, and the corresponding barrel wall of this closed space is provided with the tracheae of going into that is used to introduce fluidizing gas to particle.
Present embodiment is established joint valve 2, vent valve 1 through regulating flow, and flowmeter numerical value is set, and constitutes air-flow and pulverizes warm and humid controllable system, has realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
The branch different piece is specifically set forth the present embodiment corresponding device below:
1) dither pulverizer transmission mechanism
The main shaft outer end of disintegrating apparatus links to each other with spindle drive, and the cutter head assembly that spindle drive is driven on main shaft and the main shaft rotates; Classification axle outer end links to each other with the classification shaft transmission; The grading wheel rotation that the classification shaft transmission is driven on classification axle and the classification axle makes to reach grading; Reach rotating speed and negative-pressure air-flow suction air volume size, can realize not shutting down the adjusting powder granularity through regulating grading wheel; But and rotating speed height free adjustment, improve the fineness that material is pulverized.
2) dither pulverizer cooling structure
Be provided with the cooling spacer at bearing block outer wall, outer simple outer wall; And at the inboard air outlet cooling spacer that adopts of right end cap; Reach accelerating heat radiation in the crushing process, reducing temperature; Pharmaceutically active substance in can farthest keeping takes place in the phenomenon of avoiding in crushing process material to produce heat and destroying its chemical analysis.
3) dither pulverizer separator import helical structure
Adopt helical structure in the separator import, compare with the parallel design of existing pulverizer separator import, it is little to have the pressure loss, advantage of low energy consumption.
Design through said structure; Compare with traditional dither disintegrating apparatus; This equipment is set up air flow crushing device 18 and supporting warm and humid controllable system, dither is pulverized with air-flow combine, and makes full use of air-flow and pulverizes advantage; Solved in the existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technology that high-temperature oxydation is prone to take place that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, realized the classification fine powder of several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials broken.
About air flow crushing device:
1) enclosed construction design
Air flow crushing device gatherer bottom is provided with the particle outlet pipe, offers the bulky grain inlet tube on the sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid; Its top is with the fluid lower end closed; The bottom connects the particle outlet pipe, makes gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space to particle, and the corresponding barrel wall of this closed space is provided with the tracheae of going into that is used to introduce fluidizing gas; Realize the purpose of the mixing of difference particle multistage, heat exchange, reaction, classification, improve Chinese medicine classification rate and precision.
2) air distribution plate metal otter board design
According to air-flow grain size grading device classification appraisal standards, adopt 3-dimensional metal net type air distribution plate structure, its lowest energy consumption is merely 1/77th of existing blast cap type cloth web plate, can effectively reduce energy consumption and production cost.
3) warm and humid controllable system
Establish joint valve, vent valve through regulating flow, flowmeter numerical value is set, constitute air-flow and pulverize warm and humid controllable system; Realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product; Temperature can be controlled between 10～40 ℃, low temperature-8～8 ℃, the ultralow temperature-45 ℃ in the pulverizing, reaches granularity and the effective grading control of size distribution to different Chinese medicines, avoids in the crushing process fine grain reunion and fine grained to coarse grained buffering; Can isolate the fine grained that reaches particle diameter in the comminuting matter in real time; In order to avoid caused pulverizing, guarantee the granularity and the size distribution of product, improved crush efficiency.
Technical target of the product:
The particle diameter of Chinese medicine fine powder reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m, can reach 125 μ m all through No. 6 sieves.
Need to prove, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a Chinese medicine disintegrating process is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing, smashing fineness reach the 40-80 order;
(2) dither is pulverized: form compression through the Chinese medicine of vibration at high speed after to coarse crushing and pulverize smashing fineness 80～300 orders;
(3) air-flow is pulverized: with the high velocity air that possesses 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy the Chinese medicine after pulverizing through dither is further pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m;
(4) classification:, collect the fine powder finished product to Chinese medicine segmentation the carrying out classification after pulverizing.
2. disintegrating process according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step (1), is main with the bump coarse crushing, have on the impeller that promptly rotates at a high speed by motor driven can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.
3. disintegrating process according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in step (2); Utilize vibration to make input material wherein produce high-speed motion oscillations bump and material revolution; Receive the shearing force of side direction when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power again, Chinese herbal medicine is done effect such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out the compression pulverizing.
4. disintegrating process according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in step (3), adopting air communication to cross nozzle with 0.8～1.0MPa static energy; Quickened by each nozzle air current in pulverizing chamber, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into the kinetic energy of high velocity air; Pulverizing speed reaches 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2Impulsive force, cause that being pulverized Chinese medicine collides each other and pulverize.
5. disintegrating process according to claim 1; It is characterized in that process eddy current high speed sorting in step (4), under action of centrifugal force, carry out the fine powder classification and regulate, Gu get into gas/separation equipment after reaching the requirement fine powder; Collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product; And clean air is discharged atmosphere, realizes that 100% pulverizes no residue.
6. technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that the adjusting of smashing fineness in the mechanical type coarse crushing is controlled through the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.
7. technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that in dither is pulverized, processing through the different various Chinese medicines that adapt to different powder fineness of regulating its normal pressure and shearing force and time, and said normal pressure and shearing force are through acceleration of motion r ω
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, feed cooled materials, control Chinese medicine processing temperature.
8. the disintegrating apparatus in the Chinese medicine disintegrating process; It is characterized in that this equipment mainly comprises main shaft that is connected with spindle drive and the classification axle that is connected with the classification shaft transmission, feed hopper (7), pulverizer main frame (16), air inlet (15), separator (17) and air flow crushing device (18); Bearing block outer wall, cutterhead, gear ring, grading wheel; Be provided with the cooling spacer; And at the inboard air outlet cooling spacer that adopts of right end cap, main shaft is connected with the shaft coupling of disintegrating apparatus respectively with the classification axle.
9. equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that helical structure is adopted in the import of said separator (17).
10. equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that said air flow crushing device mainly is made up of vent valve (1), flow design valve (2), flowmeter (3), air distribution plate (4), U-pipe differential manometer (5), gallery ports (6), blower fan (8) and gatherer (9).
11. equipment according to claim 10 is characterized in that said gatherer bottom is provided with the particle outlet pipe, offers the bulky grain inlet tube on the sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid; Its top is with the fluid lower end closed; The bottom connects the particle outlet pipe; Make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space, and the corresponding barrel wall of this closed space is provided with the tracheae of going into that is used to introduce fluidizing gas to particle.
12. equipment according to claim 10 is characterized in that said air distribution plate (4) adopts the 3-dimensional metal net structure.
13. equipment according to claim 10 is characterized in that establishing joint valve (2), vent valve (1) through regulating flow, and flowmeter numerical value is set, and constitutes air-flow and pulverizes warm and humid controllable system, has realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
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| CN109201174A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-01-15 | 温丽英 | A kind of detection method, adjusting method and coal pulverizer that coal crushes |
| CN109201175A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-01-15 | 温丽英 | Coal pulverizer |
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| CN113081946A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-09 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Astragalus maple tea and preparation method thereof |
| CN113081946B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2023-05-09 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Radix astragali and sweetgum fruit tea and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116727079B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-12-05 | 烟台巨先药业有限公司 | Hard capsule processing raw material deep crushing equipment |
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Application publication date: 20120725 Assignee: Sichuan Baicaotang Longren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Assignor: Luzhou baicaotang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.|Luzhou baicaotang Health Products Co. Ltd. Contract record no.: 2015510000023 Denomination of invention: Chinese medicinal material grinding process and equipment thereof Granted publication date: 20140507 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150403 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180508 Address after: 646000 Luzhou light industrial park in Sichuan Province Patentee after: Luzhou 100 Thatched Cottage Decoction Co., Ltd. Address before: 646000 Luzhou light industrial park in Sichuan Province Co-patentee before: Luzhou Baicaotang Health Product Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Luzhou 100 Thatched Cottage Decoction Co., Ltd. |
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