CN102599030B - Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film - Google Patents
Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a degradable sludge-based mulching film and a preparation method of the degradable sludge-based mulching film. The mulching film comprises the main ingredient of sludge aggregate. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preprocessing the sludge aggregate, and mixing the processed sludge aggregate with materials, such as binding agent, plasticizer and the like to react so as to prepare the agricultural degradable biomass mulching film. The mulching film has low cost and combines with the function of soil moisture conservation, temperature preservation and slow release fertilization, the degradation period meets the covering requirements of the whole growth period of common crops, and the degradable sludge-based mulching film is an agricultural product with a larger market potential.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological material, relate to a kind of sludge based degradable mulch and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Mulch film covers for ground, to improve soil temperature, keeps soil moisture, maintains soil structure, prevents disease that insect invasion and attack crop and certain micro-organisms cause etc., has the function of Promoting plant growth.In recent years, agricultural mulching has been widely used in agricultural production cultivation, becomes the third-largest means of agricultural production after chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals.At present, domestic plastic mulching area is more than 1,400 ten thousand hectares, and annual consumption is about 440,000 tons, and its area coverage and consumption be row the first in the world all.Scholarly forecast, within 2015, national plastic mulching area will expand more than 2,000 ten thousand hectares to.
Yet " white pollution " problem that the residual film of the thing followed causes agroecological environment is more and more serious.The plastic sheeting for farm use using is at present made raw material with chemical fibre, its main component is polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, can not degrade residual decades in field, uses and causes broken film to accumulate on year by year soil plough horizon year after year, cause soil compaction, permeability variation, root growth to be obstructed, the succession crop underproduction.In addition, petroleum-based energy is in short supply causes and mulch film price and sustainable development is become increasingly conspicuous the rises such as mulch film raw materials for production acrylic acid.Many reasons make the research and extension of biodegradable mulch film cause great concern at home and abroad above.
Patent CN1445275 proposes take polyvinyl alcohol and prepares biodegradable mulch film as primary raw material, after water-soluble at the scene, be sprayed on earth's surface, form film, be characterized in that this film is biodegradable, avoid white pollution, but because polyvinyl alcohol price is comparatively expensive, this mulch film cost is higher, and agriculture applicability is not strong.
Patent CN200810023959 proposes to take starch as primary raw material, and with degradable polymer blend, Blown Film, this mulch film be take foodstuff starch as primary raw material, and at global grain worsening shortages, under the environment that provision price rises steadily, this kind of mulch film is difficult to promote.
Patent CN1094960C proposes take natural organic matter soil and prepares degradable mulch as primary raw material, through 1.5～2 months these mulch film degradables or plough and enter soil and become organic nutrient, but general proportion of crop planting harvest time it is 3～6 months, this Plastic-film disintegration excessive velocities, can not meet the common crop covering demand in whole vegetative period, be difficult to promote.
Patent CN1277228A provides that a kind of to take pitch, starch be raw material, add micro-fertilizer and weed killer herbicide simultaneously, the biodegradable black farm mulching made from the on-the-spot spray of sprayer, but it is cracked that film started after 30 days, will be degradable at 60 days, fail to reach the effect of crops insulation in whole vegetative period, soil moisture conservation, and raw materials used be all that grain and petroleum base are originated, this will increase the cost of masking to a great extent.
Therefore, need to develop at present a kind of cost of material cheap, there is the stability of 3～6 months, in the germinations of crops with can possess insulation, soil moisture conservation effect vegetative period, and there is non-grain matrix and the non-petroleum base mulch film of good degradability.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the present invention relates to a kind of sludge based degradable mulch and preparation method thereof.The main component of this mulch film is that mud gathers materials, be to carry out pretreatment by mud is gathered materials, and with the material hybrid reactions such as adhesive and plasticizer, prepare degradable biological matter agricultural mulching.This mulch film is with low cost, takes into account soil moisture conservation, insulation, and the function of slowly-releasing getting fat, and degradation cycle can meet the common crop covering demand in whole vegetative period.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of sludge based degradable mulch, wherein, described mulch film comprises that mud gathers materials, and the content that described mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～80wt%.
According to the present invention, the content that preferred described mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～60wt%.Described mud gathers materials for mud, or at least one compound in mud and fermentation residue, agro-ecology discarded object and humus.
In one embodiment of the invention, described mud comprises one or more in the first mud, residual active sludge, anaerobically digested sludge of mud, sewage treatment plant.Described fermentation residue is selected from least one in citric acid waste, vinasse, mould waste mycelia, dregs of beans slag, cephalo bacterium slag and residue of soya.Described agro-ecology discarded object is selected from least one in skin of beancurd, bagasse, corncob powder, discarded starch, straw or straw discarded object.
Above-mentioned term " plant ", is not limited in crops and the plant of artificial planting, also comprises the natural plants of unartificial plantation.
According to the present invention, in described mulch film, also contain plasticizer, its content in mulch film is 0～30wt%.Described plasticizer is selected from one or more in alcohols plasticizer, citric acid ester plasticizer, epoxy plasticiser, urea and succinic acid (2-ethyl) own ester sodium sulfonate (AOT).
In one embodiment of the invention, described alcohols plasticizer is selected from least one in sorbierite, glycerine, ethylene glycol or mannitol; Described citric acid ester plasticizer is selected from least one in ATBC (TBC), trioctyl lemon acid (TOC), tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC) or ATOC (ATOC); Epoxy plasticiser is selected from least one in epoxidized soybean oil, epoxy acetyl linolenic acid methyl esters, epoxyfuoic-oleic, epoxy silkworm chrysalis oil acid butyl ester, ethyl hexyl ester of epoxidized soybean oil or 9,10-octyl epoxy stearate.
According to the present invention, in described mulch film, also contain film backing material, comprise fibrous material and/or inorganic filler, its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%.
Wherein, described fibrous material comprises native fiber and/or chemical fibre.Described native fiber is selected from seed fiber as cotton, kapok, and phloem fiber is if flax, ramie, jute, bamboo fibre and mineral fibre are as at least one in asbestos; Described chemical fibre is selected from staple fibre as viscose fiber, acetate fiber, CUP, synthetic fibers are as polyester fiber (terylene), Fypro (polyamide fibre or nylon), vinal (polyvinyl), polyacrylonitrile fibre (acrylic fibers), polypropylene fibre (polypropylene fibre), polyvinyl chloride fibre (polyvinyl chloride fibre), and inorfil is as glass fibre, carbon fiber.
Described inorganic filler is selected from one or more in powdered whiting, talcum powder, kaolin and wollastonite in powder.
According to the present invention, waterproofing agent is also contained on the surface of described mulch film, and its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%.Described waterproofing agent is at least one in acrylic acid ester emulsion, Silicone acrylic emulsion, Ludox and polyurethane.
It is a kind of according to the preparation method of mulch film of the present invention that the present invention also provides, and comprising:
Steps A, gathers materials and carries out pretreatment mud, and regulates pH value to make the neutral mud slurries that gather materials;
Step B, carries out stirring reaction by gather materials slurries and adhesive of neutral mud, before and after its reaction, optionally adds plasticizer and/or film backing material to be uniformly mixed, and makes film forming mix slurry;
Step C, makes mulch film by film forming mix slurry;
Wherein, pretreatment described in steps A is selected from least one in acid system pretreatment, alkaline process pretreatment, high-temperature cooking process pretreatment or blasting procedure pretreatment.
According to the inventive method, in described acid system pretreatment, the consumption of acid is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials.The pretreated reaction condition of described acid system is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm.
In described alkaline process pretreatment, the consumption of alkali is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials.The pretreated reaction condition of described alkaline process is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm.
The pretreated reaction temperature of described high-temperature cooking process is 120～170 ℃.
Described blasting procedure pretreatment comprises steam explosion pretreatment and/or the pretreatment of ammonia blasting procedure.
Above-mentioned acid system pretreatment and alkaline process pretreatment, be included under certain speed of agitator condition mud gathered materials and carries out dynamic agitation processing, and under the condition that is 0rpm at speed of agitator, mud is gathered materials and carries out static immersing processing.
In one embodiment, for example, under the condition that is 0rpm at speed of agitator, can adopt acid system pretreatment or alkaline process Pretreatment on Sludge to gather materials and carry out static immersing processing 10min～72h.
In another embodiment, for example, under certain speed of agitator condition, can adopt acid system pretreatment or alkaline process Pretreatment on Sludge to gather materials and carry out dynamic agitation processing 10min～10h.
According in the inventive method embodiment, the pressure of steam blasting is 0.6～2.7MPa, and holding time is 60～360s.
According in the inventive method embodiment, the pressure of ammonia explosion is 0.5～1.5MPa, and holding time is 10～60min.
According to the inventive method, steps A adopts neutralizer to regulate pH value, and described neutralizer is acid or alkali, and its consumption is 0～20wt% that mud gathers materials, and its reaction condition is identical with acid or the pretreated reaction condition of alkali.
Acid described in steps A and/or alkali can directly add and also can be mixed with solution and add.
In one embodiment of the invention, alkali described in steps A is selected from least one in organic base, inorganic base or alkaline, inorganic salts, and described acid is selected from least one in organic acid, inorganic acid or acid mineral salt; For example, described inorganic base is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, at least one in the inorganic bases such as ammoniacal liquor or slaked lime; Described organic base is selected from sodium methoxide, at least one in the organic bases such as potassium ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide; Described alkaline, inorganic salts is selected from least one in the alkaline, inorganic salts such as sodium carbonate, sodium acetate or sodium phosphate; Again for example, described inorganic acid is selected from sulfuric acid, nitric acid, at least one in the inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid; Described organic acid is selected from carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and sulfinic acid, at least one in the organic acids such as humus or thionothiolic acid, described acid mineral salt are selected from least one in the acid mineral salt such as Fe, Cu, Al or ammonium class.
Preprocess method described in above-mentioned steps A, the composition choice for use that can gather materials according to mud, these preprocess methods may be used alone, can also be used in combination.For example, in one embodiment of the invention, can gather materials and carry out pretreatment with acid system or alkaline process mud; Also can to mud, gather materials and carry out pretreatment with high-temperature cooking process.
In another embodiment of the present invention, first with steam or ammonia blasting procedure, straw is carried out to pretreatment, then adopt acid system or alkaline process to gather materials and carry out pretreatment mud.
According to the inventive method, in step B, mixing and reaction condition are: 30～220 ℃ of temperature, and time 10min～10h, speed of agitator is 50～250rpm.
According to the inventive method, adhesive described in step B comprises polymer adhesive or other adhesives, and its consumption is 5～50wt% that mud gathers materials.
Wherein, described polymer adhesive is selected from least one in polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), PLA (PLA), poly-succinic fourth diester (PBS), poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polyurethane; Described other adhesives are selected from least one in shitosan, starch, acrylic acid ester emulsion, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose or sodium alginate.
Adhesive and mud gather materials after slurries, plasticizer or film backing material react, and with the form of bonding, are present in film mix slurry, and a small amount of unreacted adhesive or the adhesive that autohemagglutination effect occurs are present in film mix slurry with the form of adhesive.
According in the inventive method embodiment, step C adopts film-forming process that film forming mix slurry is made to mulch film; Described film-forming process comprises blow molding, the moulding of manufacturing paper with pulp, flow casting molding, melt extrude or drawing and forming, spray-on process spray film forming or adopt film backing material as skeleton film forming, for example, can adopt fibrous material to using graticule as film backing material staggered as skeleton film forming.
According to the inventive method, described preparation method adopts waterproofing agent to carry out water-proofing treatment to described mulch film after being also included in step C, and wherein said water-proofing treatment comprises infusion method or spraying process.
The mulch film that above-mentioned steps C makes, before carrying out water-proofing treatment and using, can be dried processing.
The sludge based mulch film making according to the inventive method is different according to mud addition, and color is yellow, brown, brown or black thin film, and its thickness, for example, can make 0.1～0.4mm.
Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness.Prepared mulch film is carried out to film cover butter, and bury 1 of thermistor geothermometer underground at each 10cm soil layer place, community, measure soil temperature, to evaluate the heat-insulating property of mulch film; With soil drilling method sampling, and adopt and dry weight reduction and measure in the crop growth phase soil sample degree of depth and be respectively 0～10,15～25,35～45 and the average water water content of 55～65cm soil layer soil, to evaluate the performance of keeping humidity of mulch film; Prepared mulch film is carried out to soil burial test, and adopt weight reduction to measure Plastic-film disintegration front and back weight, calculate its percent of loss, to evaluate the degradability of mulch film.
In mud, contain 28.7%～40.9% crude protein, 26.4%～46.0% ash content, 26.6%～44.0% cellulose and 0～3.7% fatty acid, the content of organic matter surpasses 55%.The compound that the present invention forms with mud or mud and other fermentation residues and/or discarded object, makes after crosslinked a kind of with low costly, takes into account soil moisture conservation, insulation, the function of getting fat, can meet the common crop covering demand in whole vegetative period, and peasant is easy to the novel biodegradable mulch film of accepting.
This mulch film recycles mud and discarded object, cheap, has solved the problem of petroleum base mulch film white pollution, has solved again environmental pollution that the untreated activated sludge falling causes and the problem of the wasting of resources simultaneously.The organic matter being rich in mud is slowly discharged in soil along with Plastic-film disintegration can be used as organic manure, and crop growth is had to very strong facilitation.Soil burial test shows, uses the soil of this mulch film can improve 1 ℃～8 ℃ of ground temperature compared with bare area, compared with bare area, can improve soil moisture content 5%～60%, has the effect of insulation, soil moisture conservation.This invention Plastic-film disintegration situation is moderate, and it is degradable after degrading 70%, 8 month after 3～6 months that soil buries experiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, describe the present invention in detail, these embodiment only play illustrative effect, are not limited to range of application of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
After getting residual active sludge 31g (water content 80wt%) and citric acid waste 20g mixing, formation mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 4wt% of mud, take NaOH, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 80 ℃, under 100rpm condition, stir after 10min, add phosphoric acid to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 15.5g shitosan and 10g starch as adhesive, supplement suitable quantity of water, at 70 ℃, under 90rpm condition, continue to add thermal agitation 2h, film forming mix slurry in conical flask is poured on glass plate, adopt the tape casting film forming, after film is dry, by solid content, be after 6.1g Ludox dilutes 5 times, be sprayed on film surface and carry out water-proofing treatment, make water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, and prepared mulch film is carried out to film cover butter, to evaluate heat insulating ability and the moisture retention of this product, the results are shown in Table 1; Prepared mulch film is carried out to soil burial test, to evaluate the degradability of this product, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2:
After getting residual active sludge 120g (water content 80wt%) and bagasse 6.3g mixing, formation mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 12wt% of mud, take ammoniacal liquor, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, 10 ℃ of conditions, soak after 72h, add acetic acid to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 8g ethylene glycol as plasticizer, 20g sodium alginate and 24.2g gelatin are as adhesive, add polyester fiber that 10g shreds and 5g powdered whiting as film backing material, supplement suitable quantity of water, at 30 ℃, under 250rpm condition, continue to add thermal agitation 10h, add again the dilution of 100ml hot water, after stirring, spray film forming, the Silicone acrylic emulsion that the dilution that is 11.3g at surface uniform sprinkling solid content after it is dry is 8 times carries out water-proofing treatment, and the performance of the employing method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3:
After getting first mud 140g (water content 80wt%) and skin of beancurd 9g mixing, formation mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 8wt% of mud, take slaked lime, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 40 ℃, under 40rpm condition, stir after 10h, add humic acid to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 1.0g mannitol and 1.0g ATBC as plasticizer, 3.5g vinal and 3g talcum powder are as film backing material, 12g polyurethane and 47.6g hydroxy ethyl fiber are as adhesive, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 60 ℃, under 200rpm condition, continue to stir 6h, film forming mix slurry in conical flask is poured on glass plate, adopt the tape casting film forming, after film is dry, solid content is respectively after 5 times of 1g acrylate and 0.3g Silicone acrylic emulsion dilutions, be sprayed to film surface and carry out water-proofing treatment, make water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, and the performance of the employing method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4:
After pulverizing, cornstalk 6g is under 1.2MPa pressure, after ammonia explosion treatment 40min, after mixing with 500g residual active sludge (water content 80wt%), forming mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount weighing sodium carbonate of 2.0wt% of mud, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 60 ℃, under 80rpm condition, stir after 6h, add ammonium chloride to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 35.42g sodium carboxymethylcellulose as adhesive, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 90 ℃, under 150rpm condition, continue to stir 4h, the flax that adds again 1.2g to shred, the dilution of 200ml hot water, after stirring, spray moulding, after it is dry, by solid content, be to spray film forming thereon after 3.7g polyurethane dilutes 5 times, and the performance of the employing method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5:
After getting anaerobically digested sludge 105g (water content 80wt%) and vinasse 3g mixing, formation mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 10wt% of mud, take sodium acetate, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 90 ℃, under 120rpm condition, stir after 60min, add sulfuric acid to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 32.7g tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC) as plasticizer, 32.4g polyethylene glycol is as adhesive, add 1.1g asbestos as backing material, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 100 ℃, under 100rpm condition, continue to stir 2h, , film forming mix slurry in conical flask is poured on glass plate, adopt the tape casting film forming, after film is dry, by solid content, be after 1.55g polyurethane dilutes 5 times, film is soaked to water-proofing treatment, make water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, adopt the performance of the method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6:
Get mud 300g (water content 80wt%), add in conical flask, under 120 ℃～170 ℃ conditions after boiling 40min, add 15g PLA as adhesive, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 180 ℃, under 80rpm condition, continue to stir 60min, by the film forming mix slurry extrusion blow film forming in conical flask, after film is dry, make degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, adopt the performance of the method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 7:
Get and after anaerobically digested sludge 100g and mud 40g (water content 80wt%) mix with cephalo bacterium slag 5g, form mud and gather materials, according to the gather materials amount of 6.0wt% of mud, take nitric acid, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 40 ℃, soak after 10min, add potassium ethoxide to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 9 of 4g, 10-octyl epoxy stearate and 5.0g trioctyl lemon acid (TOC) are as plasticizer, 21.75g PVA is as adhesive, 2g kaolin is as film backing material, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 220 ℃, under 50rpm condition, continue to stir 10min, obtained film forming mix slurry is melt extruded to film forming, after film is dry, by solid content, be after 4.5g acrylic acid ester emulsion dilutes 7 times, spray to film surface and carry out water-proofing treatment, make water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, adopt the performance of the method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 8:
After getting residual active sludge 150g and first mud 90g (water content 80wt%) and mould 25g mixing, formation mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 0.5wt% of mud, take fumaric acid, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 150 ℃, under 250rpm condition, stir after 10min, add sodium hydroxide to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 2.0g epoxidized soybean oil and 3.0g glycerine as plasticizer, 23.85g PBS is as adhesive, supplement suitable quantity of water, be heated to 160 ℃, add 3g glass fibre as film backing material, under 60rpm condition, continue to stir 40min, by obtained film forming mix slurry stretching film forming, adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, adopt the performance of the method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 9:
By straw 13g under 2.7MPa pressure, steam blasting is processed after 1min, after mixing with 27g anaerobically digested sludge and 28g residual active sludge (water content 80wt%), forming mud gathers materials, according to the gather materials amount of 15wt% of mud, take potassium hydroxide, be mixed with solution, gather materials after mixing and put into conical flask with mud, at 60 ℃, under 80rpm condition, stir after 40min, add phosphoric acid to be adjusted to neutrality, then in conical flask, add 20g succinic acid (2-ethyl) own ester sodium sulfonate (AOT) as plasticizer, and 17g shitosan is as adhesive, 1.2g wollastonite in powder is as film backing material, supplement suitable quantity of water, at 60 ℃, under 120rmp condition, stir 90min, film forming mix slurry in conical flask is poured on the skeleton being staggered into as film backing material longitude and latitude with 1g flax and 2g asbestos being placed on glass plate, adopt the tape casting film forming, after film is dry, by solid content, be after 3.4g Silicone acrylic emulsion dilutes 8 times, film is soaked to water-proofing treatment, make water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure ground film thickness, adopt the performance of the method evaluation product identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1:
Get 35g polyethylene and be heated to after 180 ℃, extrusion blow film forming, adopts screw-thread micrometer to measure the thickness of this film, and the performance of employing method evaluation this film identical with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
By above-described embodiment and comparative example, can find out, the mulch film making according to the inventive method can meet or exceed polyethylene film to the insulation of soil and performance of keeping humidity, and this mulch film has good degradability, and possesses suitable stability in use.The mulch film making according to the inventive method recycles mud and discarded object, cheap, has solved the problem of petroleum base mulch film white pollution, has solved again environmental pollution that the untreated activated sludge falling causes and the problem of the wasting of resources simultaneously.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; but protection domain of the present invention is not limited to this; any those skilled in the art, in technical scope disclosed by the invention, can easily change or change, and this change or change and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention within.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (9)
1. a sludge based degradable mulch, wherein:
Described mulch film comprises that mud gathers materials, and the content that described mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～60wt%; Described mud gathers materials for mud, or at least one compound in mud and fermentation residue, agro-ecology discarded object and humus;
Described sludge based degradable mulch is by mud is gathered materials, to carry out gather materials slurries and adhesive of neutral mud that pretreatment obtains to carry out stirring reaction, adopts film-forming process to make after making film forming mix slurry;
Described adhesive comprises polymer adhesive or other adhesives, and its consumption is 5～50wt% that mud gathers materials; Wherein, described polymer adhesive is selected from least one in polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, PLA, poly-succinic fourth diester, poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate and polyurethane; Described other adhesives are selected from least one in shitosan, starch, acrylic acid ester emulsion, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose or sodium alginate.
2. mulch film according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described mud comprises one or more in the first mud, residual active sludge, anaerobically digested sludge of mud, sewage treatment plant;
Described fermentation residue is selected from least one in citric acid waste, vinasse, mould waste mycelia, dregs of beans slag, cephalo bacterium slag and residue of soya;
Described agro-ecology discarded object is selected from least one in skin of beancurd, bagasse, corncob powder, discarded starch, straw or straw discarded object.
3. mulch film according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described mulch film, also contain plasticizer, its content in mulch film is 0～30wt%; Described plasticizer is selected from one or more in the own ester sodium sulfonate of alcohols plasticizer, citric acid ester plasticizer, epoxy plasticiser, urea and succinic acid two (2-ethyl).
4. mulch film according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described mulch film, also contain film backing material, comprise fibrous material and/or inorganic filler, its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%;
Wherein, described fibrous material comprises native fiber and/or chemical fibre;
Described inorganic filler is selected from one or more in powdered whiting, talcum powder, kaolin and wollastonite in powder.
5. mulch film according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: waterproofing agent is also contained on the surface of described mulch film, and its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%; Described waterproofing agent is at least one in acrylic acid ester emulsion, Silicone acrylic emulsion, Ludox and polyurethane.
6. according to a preparation method for mulch film described in any one in claim 1～5, comprising:
Steps A, gathers materials and carries out pretreatment mud, and regulates pH value to make the neutral mud slurries that gather materials;
Step B, carries out stirring reaction by gather materials slurries and adhesive of neutral mud, before and after its reaction, optionally adds plasticizer and/or film backing material to be uniformly mixed, and makes film forming mix slurry;
Step C, makes mulch film by film forming mix slurry;
Wherein, pretreatment described in steps A is selected from least one in acid system pretreatment, alkaline process pretreatment, high-temperature cooking process pretreatment or blasting procedure pretreatment;
In described acid system pretreatment, the consumption of acid is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials; The pretreated reaction condition of described acid system is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm;
In described alkaline process pretreatment, the consumption of alkali is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials; The pretreated reaction condition of described alkaline process is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm;
The pretreated reaction temperature of described high-temperature cooking process is 120～170 ℃;
Described blasting procedure pretreatment comprises steam explosion pretreatment and/or the pretreatment of ammonia blasting procedure.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in step B, mix and reaction condition is: 30～220 ℃ of temperature, and time 10min～10h, speed of agitator is 50～250rpm.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: step C adopts film-forming process that film forming mix slurry is made to mulch film; Described film-forming process comprises blow molding, the moulding of manufacturing paper with pulp, flow casting molding, melt extrude or drawing and forming, spray-on process spray film forming or adopt film backing material as skeleton film forming.
9. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described preparation method adopts waterproofing agent to carry out water-proofing treatment to described mulch film after being also included in step C, and wherein said water-proofing treatment comprises infusion method or spraying process.
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| CN201210046195.4A CN102599030B (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-02-24 | Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film |
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| CN102599030B true CN102599030B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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