CN101343383B - Cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film - Google Patents
Cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film Download PDFInfo
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- CN101343383B CN101343383B CN200810136827XA CN200810136827A CN101343383B CN 101343383 B CN101343383 B CN 101343383B CN 200810136827X A CN200810136827X A CN 200810136827XA CN 200810136827 A CN200810136827 A CN 200810136827A CN 101343383 B CN101343383 B CN 101343383B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses cellulose-based degradable liquid mulching film, the liquid mulching film is composed through taking the expanding straw fiber as the main raw material and adding corn starch, acrylic acid starch resin, polyvinyl alcohol, triethanolamine, boric acid, polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, tween-80 and water, The addition amount respectively comprises by taking the parts by weight of the expanding straw fiber as the basic standard 100 parts of the expanding straw fiber, 50 parts to 75 parts of the corn starch, 1 part to 5 parts of the acrylic acid starch resin, 25 parts to 50parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts to 30 parts of the triethanolamine, 1 part to 5 parts of boric acid, 1 part to 4 parts of the polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, 1 part to 6 parts of the tween-80 and 5000 parts to 6000 parts of the water. After the synergistic agent and the weed killer are added, the mulching film has certain fertilizer efficiency and weed killing function. The cellulose-based degradable liquid mulching film has the advantages that the wet strength is large, and the water retaining performance is good; simultaneously, the cellulose-based degradable liquid mulching film has better biological degradability and slow-release performance to the pasticide and fertilizer, the products can be directly sprayed and covered to form a film on the ridge in the field, the film forming process is simple, the use is convenient, and thecellulose-based degradable liquid mulching film is particularly suitable for being used in the northeastern or northwestern area.
Description
One, technical field
What the present invention relates to is agricultural mulching, specifically is a kind of cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film.
Two, background technology
The agripast film-mulching technique is in the existing nearly 40 years history of China, because film mulching and planting the effect of increasing income is remarkable, make film-mulching technique become area, the wide northwestward in China high and cold, arid, semiarid, low-lying, saline and alkaline zone, particularly China and the Northeast's coping with agriculture drought is economized on water, the important measures of increasing crop yield.At present, China's membrane covering area has reached 2.5 hundred million mu, and annual speed increase with 1,000 ten thousand mu uses total amount to surpass 450,000 tons in mulch film year, occupies first place in the world.
A large amount of uses of agripast mulch film cause in the soil residual film to be accumulated in a large number, and Land pollution is serious.Continuity along with the membrane covering time, the accumulation of residual film in soil plough horizon will cause soil aggregate to destroy, the infiltration of soil capillary water and natural water seriously is obstructed, soil porosity, permeability and water content obviously reduce, unit weight and relative density obviously rise, directly influence soil microorganisms microenvironment and soil and plough receipts, soil fertility is descended, cause the serious underproduction of crop.According to Ministry of Agriculture's researching determining, provinces, cities and regions such as Beijing of mulch film heavy contamination, Tianjin, Xinjiang, Heilungkiang, Shanghai, Hubei, in the topsoil in 5 years of continuous covering, generally between 90～135kg, with serious pollution place is up to 270kg for the residual film accumulation volume of per hectare, crop failure 15%～30%, in addition, be difficult for reclaiming, directly burn in the field with the damaged residual film in back, the obnoxious flavour of its generation influences Air quality again; Residual film fragment mixes stalk and the feed of farm crop, is eaten by mistake by domestic animals such as cattle and sheep, causes the functions of intestines and stomach imbalance, and growth of livestock drop or dead incident also happen occasionally.
In order to change above-mentioned situation, it is that main raw material prepares the complete biodegradable liquid ground film that scientific and technical personnel begin to attempt with biomass resource.Application number is that 02117933.6 Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of " multifunction degradable black liquid state mulch film ", this invention is to be that materials such as chemical fertilizer that improved plant stalk, coal, membrane-forming agent, tensio-active agent, plant-growth is required and little fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, weedicide have synthesized a kind of black film macromolecular material, film toughness and tensile property are relatively poor, low to soil bonding water retention property deficiency and moisture permeability, the farm crop light efficiency is poor, and degradation cycle is longer.Application number is that 200710066872.8 Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of " all-degradable liquid mulch film ", is the raw material production all-degradable liquid mulch film with humic-acid kind, lignin class, waste residue class mainly.The product of two technical schemes is black film, because the use problem of indivedual raw materials, fixedly aspect such as water retention and degradation cycle is not ideal enough in the bonding to soil to make mulch film, cause film suitable application region scope narrower, especially northeastward or northwest zone because of being subjected to the influence of temperature environment, be difficult to apply.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film at the problems referred to above, improve the cohesiveness, biological degradability of liquid ground film and to the sustained release performance of agriculture chemical, not only wet tenacity is big to make the liquid ground film of making, and has insulation, preserves soil moisture, keeps a full stand of seedings and the biological environmental production performance.
The technical scheme that purpose adopted of foregoing invention is: a kind of cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film be main raw material with expanded rice-straw fibre, add W-Gum, vinylformic acid starch-resin, polyvinyl alcohol, trolamine, boric acid, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin, tween-80, water formation, its addition is that benchmark is counted respectively with the parts by weight of expanded rice-straw fibre: 100 parts of expanded rice-straw fibres; 50～75 parts of W-Gums; 1～5 part of vinylformic acid starch-resin; 25～50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 10～30 parts of trolamines; 1～5 part of boric acid; 1～4 part of polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin; 1～6 part of tween-80; 5000～6000 parts in water.
The visual soil regime of such scheme is added the synergistic agent phosphoric acid dihydro amine, also can use urea or ammonium chloride or calcium phosphate potassium or ammonium calcium phosphate or calcium superphosphate or vitriolate of tartar, wherein be best with the phosphoric acid dihydro amine, addition is a benchmark with the parts by weight of expanded rice-straw fibre, count 0.1～1 part, also wherein a kind of can be mixed use with other, adding the synergistic agent main purpose is to strengthen fertilizer efficiency, needs when specifically using to adjust addition according to soil regime.
The visual soil regime of such scheme is added weedicide 2-4D butyl ester, also can use acetochlor or Butachlor technical 92 or restrain careless spirit or the other biological agricultural chemicals, be the best wherein with the 2-4D butyl ester, addition is 0.1～1 part of expanded rice-straw fibre weight, also can select a kind of according to circumstances or mix use with other, purpose is to make mulch film have certain weeding function, needs when specifically using to adjust addition according to soil regime.
W-Gum in the scheme and vinylformic acid starch-resin are the soil adhesion agent, and this agent also has water conservation simultaneously, promotes biological degradation.Polyvinyl alcohol is to be used for increasing the ground film strength as toughener.Trolamine is a softening agent, the hydroxyl generation graft copolymerization on the amido of trolamine molecule and starch molecule and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) molecule segment, and the system molecule segment is introduced amide group.Also can add polyoxyethylene glycol or glycerol or sorbyl alcohol and replace trolamine, wherein be best with the trolamine, or will be wherein a kind ofly mix selection with other.Boric acid in scheme as linking agent, boric acid in the aqueous solution with starch molecule and polyvinyl alcohol molecule segment on hydroxyl formed physical crosslinking complexing or chelate structure, system hydroxyl sealing, hydrophobicity strengthens; Also can add Paraformaldehyde 96, oxalic dialdehyde replacement boric acid, wherein be best with boric acid, also boric acid can be mixed with Paraformaldehyde 96 or oxalic dialdehyde and use, and mixing match is 2: 1.Polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin (PPE) is a kind of water-soluble stronger nontoxic Wet Strength Resin of positively charged ion heat curing-type or water repellent agent, is Wet Strength Resin in scheme.Under normal temperature condition, polyamines polyamine epichlorohydrin resin (PPE) disperses with starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thorough mixing.When solution temperature raise, intermolecular extensive chemical takes place the hydroxyl of one side polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin (PPE) long chain molecule and starch and polyvinyl alcohol molecule built and acts on, and has formed methylene ether covalent cross-linking network polymerization body structure; Simultaneously, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin (PPE) long chain molecule generation self-polymerization solidification, row has formed hydrophobic layer on the co-mixing system surface, and the water resistance of system and mechanical property are strengthened.Tween-80 is a tensio-active agent, in scheme, be used to improve complete processing as auxiliary agent, also can add Si Pan-80 or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulphate and replace tween-80, wherein to add the tween-80 best results, also tween-80 can be mixed use, blending ratio 3: 1: 1: 1 with other.Water can use ordinary tap water as the solvating agent of whole components.
The preparation method of mulch film: first rice straw is pulverized, and gets 80 order straw powder and do puffing in bulking machine, obtains expanded rice-straw fibre; Expanded rice-straw fibre is dropped into reactor, after adding entry and being stirred to expanded rice-straw fibre and disperseing, add successively that soil adhesion agent, toughener are poly-, softening agent, linking agent, Wet Strength Resin, tensio-active agent; If produce the liquid-state mulch film that has-Ding fertilizer efficiency and weed eradication function, add synergistic agent and weedicide again; Under 80～90 ℃ of temperature, reacted 0.5～1 hour then, obtain the translucent liquid material of gluey thickness, liquid material is directly sprayed the covering film forming on the ridge, field.
The positively effect that the present invention has: the present invention is a main raw material with expanded rice-straw fibre, add that soil adhesion agent, toughener are poly-, softening agent, linking agent, Wet Strength Resin, tensio-active agent etc. make, because of mulch film contains expanded rice-straw fibre, make the mulch film wet tenacity big, have insulation, preserve soil moisture, keep a full stand of seedings and the biological environmental production performance; The soil adhesion agent W-Gum and the toughener polyvinyl alcohol that add make mulch film have good film-forming properties, toughness, stretchiness, strong cohesive property, biological degradability and to the sustained release performance of agriculture chemical; The adding of soil adhesion agent vinylformic acid starch-resin can make mulch film have stronger suction, water retention property; Mulch film has certain fertilizer efficiency and weed eradication function after adding fertilizer synergist, weedicide; Product is liquid, translucent, directly sprays to cover film forming on the ridge, field, and film-forming process is simple, and convenient the use is particularly useful for northeast or northwest zone and uses.
Mulch film shows through the field crops experiment: soil is had strong adhesion reunion immobilization role; 5～20cm topsoil can heat 1～6 ℃, and total effective temperature increases by 100～300 ℃; The moisture evaporation inhibiting rate is more than 20%, and soil water content increases more than 10%; Soil stability granule content increases above 5%; Soil porosity increases more than 5%, and unit weight reduces by 5%; Reaching high-fall in 60～180 days in soil separates.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) preparation of expanded rice-straw fibre
Rice straw is crushed to 80 orders, and placing length-to-diameter ratio is 1: 40 twin-screw extruder, and it is 5MPa that steam dodges quick-fried condition, dodges quick-fried time 2min, obtains expanded rice-straw fibre.
2) claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 50g, vinylformic acid starch ester 5g, polyvinyl alcohol 25g, trolamine 10g, boric acid 1g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 4g, tween-80 1g, tap water 5000g, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 2:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 75g, vinylformic acid starch ester 1g, polyvinyl alcohol 50g, trolamine 30g, boric acid 3g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 1g, tween-80 6g, tap water 6000g, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ of conditions the reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 3:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 60g, vinylformic acid starch ester 3g, polyvinyl alcohol 30g, trolamine 20g, boric acid 5g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 2g, tween-80 3g, tap water 5500g, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 4:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 55g, vinylformic acid starch ester 4g, polyvinyl alcohol 30g, polyoxyethylene glycol 30g, boric acid 3g and oxalic dialdehyde 1.5g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 2g, tween-80 2g, phosphoric acid dihydro amine 0.7g, vitriolate of tartar 0.3g, 2-4D butyl ester 1g, tap water 6000g, above-mentioned raw materials places reactor successively, behind the reaction 1h, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 5:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g W-Gum, 60g, vinylformic acid starch ester 5g, polyvinyl alcohol 45g, sorbyl alcohol 30g, boric acid 3g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 3g, tween-80 4g, phosphoric acid dihydro amine 1g, 2-4D butyl ester 0.1g, 5000g tap water, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 6:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 65g, vinylformic acid starch ester 3g, polyvinyl alcohol 35g, trolamine 15g, glycerol 15g, boric acid 2g and Paraformaldehyde 96 1g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 3g, tween-80 3g, Si Pan-801g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1g, sodium lauryl sulphate 1g, phosphoric acid dihydro amine 0.1g, 2-4D butyl ester 1g, 5000g tap water, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 7:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 50g, vinylformic acid starch ester 5g, polyvinyl alcohol 35g, trolamine 20g, polyoxyethylene glycol 10g, boric acid 4g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 3g, tween-80 5g, 6000g tap water, above-mentioned raw materials places reactor successively, behind the reaction 1h, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 8:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 70g, vinylformic acid starch ester 5g, polyvinyl alcohol 40g, trolamine 10g, polyoxyethylene glycol 10g, sorbyl alcohol 10g, boric acid 4g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 5g, tween-80 3g, Si Pan-801g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1g, sodium lauryl sulphate 1g, 6000g tap water, above-mentioned raw materials places reactor successively, behind the reaction 1h, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Embodiment 9:
Claim expanded rice-straw fibre 100g, W-Gum 75g, vinylformic acid starch ester 5g, polyvinyl alcohol 50g, trolamine 30g, boric acid 5g, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin 5g, tween-80 6g, phosphoric acid dihydro amine 0.5g, urea 0.3, calcium phosphate potassium 0.2,2-4D butyl ester 1g, 6000g tap water, above-mentioned raw materials place reactor successively, under 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions reaction 1h after, obtain the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness, the liquid semitransparent materials of gluey thickness is directly sprayed film forming on the ridge at the scene, field.
Claims (10)
1. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film, it is characterized in that: this liquid ground film is a main raw material with expanded rice-straw fibre, add W-Gum, vinylformic acid starch-resin, polyvinyl alcohol, trolamine, boric acid, polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin, tween-80, water formation, its addition is that benchmark is counted respectively with the parts by weight of expanded rice-straw fibre: 100 parts of expanded rice-straw fibres; 50～75 parts of W-Gums; 1～5 part of vinylformic acid starch-resin; 25～50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 10～30 parts of trolamines; 1～5 part of boric acid; 1～4 part of polymeric amide-epichlorohydrin resin; 1～6 part of tween-80; 5000～6000 parts in water.
2. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this liquid ground film adds polyoxyethylene glycol or glycerol or sorbyl alcohol and replaces trolamine as softening agent.
3. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this liquid ground film adds Paraformaldehyde 96 or oxalic dialdehyde replaces boric acid as linking agent, also can be with the mixed use with 2: 1 of boric acid and Paraformaldehyde 96 or oxalic dialdehyde.
4. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this liquid ground film adds Si Pan-80 or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulphate and replaces tween-80 as tensio-active agent, also can be with tween-80 and Si Pan-80, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate with 3: 1: 1: 1 mixed use.
5. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this liquid ground film adds the synergistic agent phosphoric acid dihydro amine, and addition is 0.1～1 part.
6. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this liquid ground film adds weedicide 2-4D butyl ester, and addition is 0.1～1 part.
7. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 5 is characterized in that: this liquid ground film interpolation urea or ammonium chloride or calcium phosphate potassium or ammonium calcium phosphate or calcium superphosphate or vitriolate of tartar replace phosphoric acid dihydro amine as synergistic agent.
8. cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film according to claim 6 is characterized in that: add acetochlor, Butachlor technical 92, gram grass spirit replacement 2-4D butyl ester.
9. according to claim 5 or 7 described cellulose based degradable liquid mulch films, it is characterized in that: the synergistic agent that is added is used alone or as a mixture.
10. according to claim 6 or 8 described cellulose based degradable liquid mulch films, it is characterized in that: the weedicide that is added is used alone or as a mixture.
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| CN200810136827XA CN101343383B (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | Cellulose based degradable liquid mulch film |
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