CN102585782B - 发动机纳米无水冷却液 - Google Patents

发动机纳米无水冷却液 Download PDF

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CN102585782B
CN102585782B CN201210020748.9A CN201210020748A CN102585782B CN 102585782 B CN102585782 B CN 102585782B CN 201210020748 A CN201210020748 A CN 201210020748A CN 102585782 B CN102585782 B CN 102585782B
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oxide
engine
propylene glycol
citric acid
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CN102585782A (zh
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何秋生
罗逸
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Wuhan Runze Nano Technology Co.,Ltd.
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何秋生
罗逸
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Abstract

本发明的发动机纳米无水冷却液由丙二醇，纳米氧化物，甲酸铯，三甲基甘氨酸，柠檬酸及柠檬酸铵组成。它可保证发动机在高温低压条件下工作，具有节油，减少尾气中有害污染物排放量，以及延长发动机及冷却系统使用寿命的效果。

Description

发动机纳米无水冷却液
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机高温冷却液，属于纳米流体与化学组合技术领域。 
技术背景
水一乙二醇型冷却液是最常用的发动机冷却液，其防冻剂组分乙二醇有一定的毒性且难生物降解，而丙二醇则为比较理想的替代物。 
与乙二醇相比，丙二醇具有更低的冰点和更高的沸点，具有优异的抗沸抗冻性能，可实现发动机冷却系统的高温低压热传导，从而提高燃油燃烧效率和明显降低尾气中有害物的排放量。 
在无水及低压状态下的运行的丙二醇型冷却液在发动机冷却系统中不易形成常见的腐蚀性氧化产物-有机酸，故缓蚀剂可以少加或不加。此外，无水型冷却液的蒸气压和蒸气密度远远低于有水型冷却液，这在重负荷冷却系统中有着很重要的实际意义。它大大减小了流体从高压区向低压区，从低温区向高温区流动过程中出现的气蚀及发动机重负荷运转下的超声波抖动气蚀，具备重负荷冷却液的性能特征。 
丙二醇的主要缺陷在于其热传导性能偏低，不及乙二醇。解决的方法之一是向其中添加纳米粒子形成纳米流体，它可明显提高丙二醇的热传导效率，弥补其属性缺陷。 
由于一次添加后不需更换，故美国对纳米无水型丙二醇类发动机冷却液的研究最初是用于军用车辆，并经受了海湾战争的检验，随后推广到民用车辆。 
我国有关发动机丙二醇类冷却液的研究起步较晚，专利很少，特别是与丙二醇纳米流体有关的发明专利则仅见1份，即浙江大学的CN101323777A，它是以丙二醇+纳米氧化铝+水为基础液组成。 
技术内容 
本发明为完全无水的丙二醇纳米发动机冷却液，其特点在于： 
1)无水条件及难以蒸发损失的特性可使冷却液对冷却系统设备的腐蚀性极低，理论上在车辆的有效寿命期间可以不更换，从而避免了传统的含有各种缓蚀剂，阻垢剂，杀菌剂，消泡剂等有害化学品的水基型发动机冷却液定期更换的麻烦，以及废弃冷却液所带来的环境污染等问题。 
2)高沸点属性可使冷却系统设备在合适的高温低压环境下工作，燃油工作温度高，燃烧充分，提高了高温冷却液与环境的温差及强制热交换及散热能力。 
3)纳米流体通过对流传热以及纳米粒子在液体中强烈的布朗运动传热作用的叠加，使得它比单纯的液体冷却液具有更高的导热性及换热能力。 
本发明的目的是使发动机工作时节油，减少有害污染物排放以及延长发动机及冷却系统的使用寿命。 
本发明的无水纳米发动机冷却液的制备方法是：按纳米氧化物1-5；丙二醇85-95；甲酸铯1-3；三甲基甘氨酸1-2；柠檬酸0.5；柠檬酸铵0.5的比例(质量百分比)准确地称取各组分材料。然后将各化学添加剂组分依次地添加到丙二醇中并不断搅拌直至溶解完全。最后加入纳米氧化物组分，在超声波条件下强力震荡直至分散均匀。 
实施实例： 
a.按比例量称取；丙二醇90克，甲酸铯2克，三甲基甘氨酸2克，柠檬酸0.5克，柠檬酸铵0.5克，以及平均粒径≤30纳米的氧化铝粉末5克，备用。 
b.分别依次将甲酸铯，三甲基甘氨酸，柠檬酸及柠檬酸铵倒入到丙二醇中，高速搅拌至完全溶解。 
c.将溶解液放入超声振荡器中，加入氧化铝粉末，强力振荡混合，直至呈乳状液时为止，即为冷却液产品。 
产品质量检测结果： 
a.产品理化特性 
冰点：≤-45℃；沸点：+190℃；pH：7.6；含水：0.76％； 
对紫铜，黄铜，钢，铸铁，焊锡，铸铝的腐蚀性均符合NB/SH/T0521-2010国家标准。 
b.发动机负荷特性台架试验 
4)尾气有害污染物排放对比试验 

Claims (1)

1.一种适用于发动机高温低压冷却的纳米无水丙二醇冷却液，其特征在于，其组成按质量百分比为：纳米氧化物1-5；丙二醇85-95；甲酸铯1-3；三甲基甘氨酸1-2；柠檬酸0.5；柠檬酸铵0.5；其中所有组分质量百分比之和为100％， 
所述纳米氧化物为平均粒径≤30纳米的氧化锌、氧化铝、氧化镁； 
该冷却液的制备方法为：按上述组成的质量百分比，准确地称取各组分材料：然后将甲酸铯、三甲基甘氨酸、柠檬酸以及柠檬酸铵各化学添加剂组分依次地添加到丙二醇中并不断搅拌直至溶解完全；最后加入纳米氧化物组分，在超声波条件下强力震荡直至分散均匀。 
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CN102757770A (zh) * 2012-08-06 2012-10-31 何秋生 中央空调及工业循环换热系统的免更换无水纳米冷却液
CN104559946A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-29 赤峰盛森硅业科技发展有限公司 一种纳米防冻液及其制备方法
CN104762067B (zh) * 2015-05-04 2018-05-04 宁波保税区韬鸿化工科技有限公司 发动机无水冷却液
CN105441037A (zh) * 2015-11-27 2016-03-30 蚌埠海明压铸机有限公司 一种高效发动机冷却液
CN111073608A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-28 陶普斯化学科技(北京)有限公司 一种环保型传热介质及其制备方法
CN111996559A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-27 常宁市隆源铜业有限公司 一种电解铜铜冷却设备
CN112812756B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-05-06 兰洋(宁波)科技有限公司 低油性冷却液

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US5100571A (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-03-31 Royal Harvest, Inc. Additive for engine cooling system
CN1500977A (zh) * 2002-11-12 2004-06-02 行 罗 内燃机闭式强制循环水冷却系强化冷却方法
CN101580703A (zh) * 2009-07-01 2009-11-18 周振华 一种节能冷却液
CN102031093A (zh) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-27 宁波贝斯特清洁护理用品有限公司 一种纳米无水防冻液的制备方法及其制备的纳米无水防冻液

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