CN102574274B - Zinc-based alloy shots - Google Patents
Zinc-based alloy shots Download PDFInfo
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- CN102574274B CN102574274B CN201080043347.4A CN201080043347A CN102574274B CN 102574274 B CN102574274 B CN 102574274B CN 201080043347 A CN201080043347 A CN 201080043347A CN 102574274 B CN102574274 B CN 102574274B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/083—Deburring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are zinc-based alloy shots which, without risk of dust explosion, are capable of high performance deburring and abrasion cleaning through shot blasting and application of compressive residual stress through shot peening, with low quantities of shots consumed by shot projection. The zinc-based alloy shots include a three-component zinc-based alloy shot wherein 0.5 - 6.5 mass % Al, 0.5 - 4.5 mass % Cu are contained as additional elements, the mass composition ratio of Al to Cu (Al/Cu) is 1.0 - 13.0, the total amount (Al + Cu) is 1.5 - 10.5 mass %, and the Vickers hardness is 90 - 190 HV; and a four-component zinc-based alloy shot wherein 0.5 - 6.5 mass % Al, 0.5 - 4.5 mass % Cu, 0.01 - 0.2 mass % Mg are contained as additional elements, the mass composition ratio of Al to Cu (Al/Cu) is 1.0 - 13.0, the total additional amount (Al + Cu) is 1.5 - 8.0 mass %, and the Vickers hardness is 90 - 190 HV.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ball of projection processing (sandblasting processing) used in shot-peening and peening, wherein, the object of described shot-peening is such as with aluminum die cast product, aluminium casting goods etc. as the burr of the non-ferrous metal component of representative and the removing (being recited as below " deflashing ") of overlap, and the knockout of casting piece, the scab removing of coating, releasing agent, or oxide-film, current mark removing (being recited as " polishing and cleaning " below); The object of described projection processing is the fatigue strength of the weld portion improving non-ferrous metal component or non-ferrous metal component.
In this manual, Vickers hardness scale be shown in JIS Z 2244 with the condition of the retention time of test force 0.4093N, test force: 10 ~ 15s measure Vickers hardness, represent with " 000 HV0.05 ", be abbreviated as " 000 HV " at this.
In addition, represent that " % " of alloy composition represents " quality % " in case of no particular description.
Background technology
In the past, in the die cast product of the nonferrous metal being representative with acieral, zinc-containing alloy or Mg base alloy for automobile component etc., as the surface treatment for the purpose of the deflashing of products formed (formed products), polishing and cleaning etc., mostly use the bead that will be called as ball with the shot-peening projected to processed product at a high speed.
In addition, in recent years, as improve non-ferrous metal component, non-ferrous metal component weld portion fatigue strength for the purpose of surface treatment, mostly use peening that ball projects to processed product with high speed with above-mentioned shot-peening in the same manner as.
As the material of the ball for this shot-peening, generally use the ball be made up of acieral, stainless steel, zinc-containing alloy.
Acieral ball is due to light specific gravity, and to polishing and the cleaning scarce capacity of processed product, in addition, the detonation sensitivity of the dust cloud that the ball fragmentation occurred in shot-peening due to the material behavior of aluminium causes is high, and concentration of lower explosive limit is also low.Therefore, extra job safety management is needed.
Stainless shot contains Ni (government decree numbering 231), the Cr (government decree numbering 68) of the object belonging to chemical substance discharge transfer amount reporting system (PRTR " Pollutant Release and Transfer Register " system).Therefore, from the view point of job safety, environmental protection, trend towards restriction and use.
Compared with acieral ball, stainless shot, the detonation sensitivity of the dust cloud caused by ball fragmentation of zinc-based alloy shots is low and concentration of lower explosive limit is also high.Therefore, in recent years, from the viewpoint of security, as the shot-peening of the die cast product of nonferrous metal, the ball of peening and use maximum.
As the prior art document relating to zinc-based alloy shots, although do not affect patentability of the present invention, there is patent document 1 ~ 5 etc.
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 11-320416 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-162538 publication
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-84869 publication
Patent document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 9-70758 publication
Patent document 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-224962 publication
Summary of the invention
When the surface treatment carrying out utilizing shot-peening deflashing, polishing and cleaning or utilize peening to improve for the purpose of fatigue life etc., in order to realize these objects, preferably use the ball of the case hardness being applicable to treated object.
Such as, the aluminum die cast product of Vickers hardness 90 ~ 110HV preferably to use near these hardness or more the ball of hardness.
But, in the zinc-based alloy shots of the above hardness of these hardness, also few of zinc-based alloy shots listing with toughness.This is because zinc-based alloy shots usually and the increase of hardness pro rata toughness reduce.
In addition, in patent document 2, in order to improve ball durability, proposing and adding Mn (addition: 0.3% ~ 5.0%) as the technology of Addition ofelements.But Mn is also the object (government decree designation 311) of PRTR system, there is the problem identical with stainless shot.
Therefore, surging from the viewpoint of recent environmental problem, for zinc-based alloy shots, it is desirable to occur not adding the technology that the elements such as the Mn of the object belonging to PRTR system just can improve durability.
The present inventor furthers investigate repeatedly in order to solve the problem of these zinc-based alloy shots, found that following alloy composition, namely, Al and Cu is added in Zn, and when being adjusted to specific alloy composition, even if the object elements of not adding PRTR system also can manufacture have above-mentioned Vickers hardness above near 100HV and the high zinc-based alloy shots of toughness, thus has invented the present invention of following formation.
The present invention's (the first invention) is a kind of zinc-based alloy shots, it is characterized in that, it is the zinc-based alloy shots of three component system containing Al:0.5% ~ 6.5%, Cu:0.5% ~ 4.5% as Addition ofelements, quality ratio of components (Al/Cu)=1.0 ~ 13.0, the addition of described Al and Cu add up to (Al+Cu): 1.5% ~ 10.5%, and Vickers hardness: 90 ~ 190HV.
In Fig. 1, in the state diagram that the three component system alloy of zinc-based alloy shots forms, schematically illustrate compositing range of the present invention (grey portion).
In order to improve the resistance to impact belonged to the engineering properties that ball consumption tool has a significant impact, in zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention, add Al as alloying element (indispensable element).Al has the effect increasing the resistance to impact (toughness) of kirsite and mechanical strength, Vickers hardness.The addition of Al is (with total scale of construction 100% for benchmark; Identical below) when being less than 0.5%, be difficult to obtain these effects, during more than 6.5%, display resistance to impact declines tendency.Although be also subject to the impact of the adding proportion of adding the Cu of alloy as other, be 3.0 ~ 6.0 quality % for increasing the addition of the Al be applicable to of resistance to impact, be preferably about 3.0% ~ 5.0%.
In addition, in order to improve the Vickers hardness of zinc-based alloy shots, use Cu as Addition ofelements.Cu has the increase mechanical strength of kirsite, the effect of Vickers hardness, when the addition of Cu is less than 0.5%, is difficult to obtain these effects.But, when the addition of Cu is greater than 4.5%, or when the addition total of Al and Cu is greater than 10.5%, although mechanical strength, Vickers hardness can be improved, the tendency (toughness decline) that display resistance to impact declines.With regard to hardness fully high compared to the Vickers hardness 100HV of aluminum die cast product, with regard to the zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention of Vickers hardness 140HV, the addition of optimal Cu is about 1.0% ~ 3.0%.
In addition, in zinc-based alloy shots, as mentioned above, if Vickers hardness is lower than 90HV, then deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning scarce capacity, but more than 190HV, then when deflashing or polishing and cleaning time or peening process time, easily carry out the breaking of zinc-based alloy shots, loss, the consumption of ball increases and impracticable.This is because rising because the toughness of zinc-based alloy shots is low.Therefore, easily obtaining having sufficient deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability, peening ability and the Vickers hardness of the zinc-based alloy shots of the consumption of ball few (high tenacity): 90 ~ 190HV, be preferably in the scope of 130 ~ 154HV, according to handling object (goods), processing intent and suitable selected ball.
In the present invention of above-mentioned formation, the content of the element (non-essential element) beyond three compositions (Zn, Al, Cu) contained by preferred zinc-based alloy shots is less than 0.5%, and Fe content is less than 0.3%.
As above-mentioned non-essential element, such as Pb, Fe, Cd, Sn, Si, Ti, Mn, As, Sb, Bi, S can be enumerated.When the total of these non-essential elements is greater than 0.5%, zinc-based alloy shots easily becomes fragile, toughness step-down.Particularly Fe brings harmful effect to toughness, and the content of Fe adds up to when being greater than 0.3% in zinc-based alloy shots, and ball consumption increases and as ball impracticable (with reference to comparative example 1-6, comparative example 2-3).
In the present invention of above-mentioned formation, each purity preferably as Al and Cu of Addition ofelements is more than 99.9%, and, the content of non-essential element add up to less than 0.02%.When manufacturing zinc-based alloy shots, the oxide of the non-essential element contained by Al and Cu (impurity) and this non-essential element can be made to enter, and toughness decline that grain boundary causes diminishes (embodiment 1-6, embodiment 2-3) as far as possible.
Specifically, as the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Al, the aluminum substrate metal special a kind (more than 99.90%) of JISH2102, the wrought aluminum parent metal spy special (more than 99.995%) a kind (more than 99.990%) 2 kinds (more than 99.95%) of JISH2111 (or ICS77.120.10) can be enumerated; As the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Cu, the cathode copper parent metal (more than 99.96%) of JISH2121 can be enumerated.
In addition, as the raw material (parent metal) of the Zn of basic element, be not particularly limited, the raw material of the Zn of each grade that JISH2107 (or ISO725:1981) can be used to specify.From the viewpoint of the quality stability of ball, preferably use the raw material of the highly purified Zn such as common Zinc Matrix metal (more than 99.97%), the purest Zinc Matrix metal (more than 99.995%), extraordinary Zinc Matrix metal (more than 99.99%) of JISH2107.
Other the present invention's (the second invention) is a kind of zinc-based alloy shots, it is characterized in that, it is the zinc-based alloy shots of four-component system containing Al:0.5% ~ 6.5%, Cu:0.5% ~ 4.5%, Mg:0.01% ~ 0.2% as Addition ofelements, the quality ratio of components (Al/Cu) of Al and Cu: 1.0 ~ 13.0, addition adds up to (Al+Cu): 1.5% ~ 8.0%, further, Vickers hardness: 90 ~ 190HV, preferably 140 ~ 150HV.
Second invention is to prevent when the addition of Al and the Cu as the first invention adds up to (Al+Cu) to be less than 8.0%, recrystallize the mechanical strength of caused ball, the decline of Vickers hardness due to what reuse the zinc-based alloy shots of the first invention and the metal structure that produces, use the Mg of trace as Addition ofelements.Mg has the crystalizing interface precipitation Mg compound at kirsite and also has the effect improving mechanical strength, Vickers hardness while suppressing the effect recrystallized.When Mg is less than 0.01%, be difficult to obtain recrystallizing inhibitory action, when being greater than 0.2%, the effect of the raising impact resistance value likely hindering the interpolation of Al, Cu to bring.Therefore, when the Addition ofelements composition that can obtain the zinc-based alloy shots of about Vickers hardness 140HV is as Al:3.0% ~ 5.0%, Cu:1.0% ~ 3.0%, the addition of applicable Mg is 0.01% ~ 0.2%, is preferably 0.03% ~ 0.08%.Wherein, about Vickers hardness 140HV is the ball hardness easily nonferrous metal goods being obtained to good shot-peening, peening effect.
The reason limiting the number range of the addition of the Addition ofelements (Al and Cu) beyond Mg is identical with the first invention.
In second invention of above-mentioned formation, identical with the situation of the first invention, preferably make the content of the non-essential element beyond the four-component contained by zinc-based alloy shots be less than 0.5%, and the content of Fe is less than 0.3%.The reason limiting the content of these non-essential elements is identical with the first invention.
In each invention that above-mentioned second invention relates to, same with the first invention, each purity preferably as Al, Cu and Mg of described Addition ofelements is respectively more than 99.9 quality %.The reason limiting these purity is identical with the first invention.
In addition, specifically, the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Al, Cu and Zn is described above, as the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Mg, can enumerate a kind, the magnesium matrix metal (more than 99.90%) of JISH2150 (or ISO8287:2000).
The average grain diameter of the zinc-based alloy shots in first, second invention above-mentioned is different according to the intensity of processed product and processing intent, usually, can be 0.1 ~ 3.0mm, be preferably 0.3 ~ 2mm.
If average grain diameter is too small, be then difficult to obtain sufficient deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability, peening effect (such as, giving compressive residual stress).On the contrary, when average grain diameter is excessive, when deflashing or polishing and cleaning time or peening process time, easily damage is caused to treated object, or can not surface roughness be maintained.
The average grain diameter of ball is 0.1 ~ 3.0mm, when being preferably 0.3 ~ 2mm, can playing high polishing and cleaning effect and carry out the surface treatments such as the deflashing of processed product at short notice.In addition, when the average grain diameter of ball is 0.3 ~ 0.6mm, the surface of the few beauty of rough surface can be obtained.
The zinc-based alloy shots of first, second invention above-mentioned by through by the operation in cooling medium such as the molten metal of melting instillation water etc., in this cooling medium, make the solidification of molten metal of instillation and form coccoid and the operation of piling up, make this solidify, the coccoid classification of the operation of deposit drying manufactures.
Instilled in cooling medium by the molten metal that will melt, thus make described molten metal quick refrigeration, so become fine and organize uniformly compared with general founding materials.When using as shot-peening or peening, very large external force will be applied to zinc-based alloy shots, so by fine and organize uniformly, the engineering properties such as resistance to impact, hot strength can be improved, can use as zinc-based alloy shots well.
Zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention is owing to being zinc-containing alloy, so the detonation sensitivity of dust cloud caused because of ball fragmentation is low and concentration of lower explosive limit is high, therefore, it is possible to the zinc-based alloy shots providing security high.
And then zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention is owing to being high rigidity (Vickers hardness is more than 90HV), so deflashing in shot-peening, polishing and cleaning ability are high, can complete bead at short notice, productivity ratio is high.And owing to being the high tenacity that zinc-based alloy shots does not in the past have, so the consumption of zinc-based alloy shots tails off, and the dust growing amount caused because ball is broken also declines.
In addition, when using in peening, high rigidity and the zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention of high tenacity can cause plastic deformation at the superficial layer of processed product with good efficiency and give compressive residual stress equally.In addition, as situation about using in shot-peening, the dust growing amount caused because of ball fragmentation also will decline.
And zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention, the decline of the mechanical strength of its ball caused because of recrystallizing of metal structure is relatively little, and the Vickers hardness in the use of zinc-based alloy shots is stablized.Therefore, as its effect, the fine finishining thing deviation of the processed product after shot-peening, peening tails off, and surface treatment quality is also stablized.
And then the growing amount of zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention not only dust is few, and not containing the Mn etc. of object belonging to PRTR system, from the viewpoint of Environmental security and operational security, also preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three component system state diagram representing alloy compositing range of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of an example of the manufacture method representing zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Situation below for the zinc-based alloy shots utilizing drop comminution granulation to manufacture in the present invention is described (Fig. 2 reference).
First, the ingot (raw material) 12 of basic element (Zn) and Addition ofelements (Al, Cu and Mg) is measured, and drops in crucible 14, make it reach setting alloy ratio of components.
Then, by being carried out heating ingot (parent metal) mixture melting input by crucible 14 with firing equipment (resistance heated) 15, liquation 16 is obtained.Melting heating-up temperature now according to alloy composition, production scale and different, but suitably sets in the scope of 550 ~ 700 DEG C (preferably 580 ~ 600 DEG C) usually.In addition, the fusing point of each element is as follows:
Zn：419.6℃、Cu：1083.4℃、Al：660℃、Mg：648℃。
Then, liquation 16 is dropped into liquation and keep container 18.Liquation keeps possessing firing equipment (resistance heated) 20 in container 18, can to manufacture zinc-based alloy shots time, liquation 16 can not be cooled to necessary mode above and keep.Liquation now keeps temperature according to alloy composition, production scale and different, but usually suitably sets in the scope of 500 ~ 600 DEG C (preferably 520 ~ 550 DEG C).
The bottom of liquation maintenance container 18 is provided with the instillation nozzle 22 for instilling liquation, and the bottom of this nozzle 22 is furnished with the cooling bath 28 being attached to cooling device (cooling tower) 26 dropping into and have the cooling mediums such as water 24.Wherein, cooling medium 24 also can be wet goods.
Liquation keeps the liquation 16 in container 18 by instilling from instillation nozzle 22, thus along with instillation nozzle 22 and the air to cooling medium 24 in by time the contacting of air, and then the cooling to cause with the contact of cooling medium 24, be subject to capillary impact, thus spheroidizing.
Here, when liquation 16 drips from instillation nozzle 22, the shape of the drop of liquation 16 is not ball completely, is stretch and the ball of distortion and even ellipticity to falling direction.Therefore, the shape of the particle of the coccoid 30, the i.e. ball that obtain becomes the cylindric of spherical, the ellipsoid of revolution shape that is slightly out of shape or fillet.The length of the length direction of the ball obtained by the perspective view by such ball is set to a, when the maximum diameter in direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is set to b, preferably the a/b of ball of more than 60% is in the scope of 1.0 ~ 1.2.Such ball is close to proper sphere, and the deviation of shape is little, thus can obtain evenly polishing and cleaning effect.In addition, ball perspective view can by utilize microscopic examination, shooting the known method such as image analysis and obtain.
In addition, by contacting with instillation liquation, temperature rises cooling medium 24, thus becomes the reason of the chilling hindering instillation liquation.Therefore, utilize cooling device 26 that cooling medium 24 is remained on design temperature.Such as in the case of water, this setting chilling temperature is generally less than 60 DEG C (being preferably 30 ~ 40 DEG C).When being greater than 60 DEG C, the water contacted with instillation liquation (drop) seethes with excitement and interface becomes vaporized state, is difficult to play chilling effect.
The coccoid 30 of kirsite will be piled up in the bottom of cooling medium 24.Reclaim, after drying machine (rotary drier) 32 drying, carry out classification with grader (vibratory sieve) 34 and obtain zinc-based alloy shots.Wherein, classification carries out in the mode reaching the particle diameter of regulation according to the application target of zinc-based alloy shots.
In addition, the manufacture method of zinc-based alloy shots is not limited to above-mentioned drop comminution granulation.Such as, can by gas spread method, centrifugally send method forth, water sends the known methods such as method forth, suitably select according to the shape, granularity etc. of the respective zinc-based alloy shots as target.
Embodiment
Below in order to confirm first, second effect of inventing, the embodiment of carrying out together with comparative example is described.
Corresponding first invention of embodiment 1-1 ~ 1-8 and comparative example 1-1 ~ 1-6 respectively, corresponding second invention of embodiment 2-1 ~ 2-3 and comparative example 2-1 ~ 2-3.
Each raw material of alloying element uses following each parent metal (ingot).Remarks Fe content (allowable upper limit value) together with the purity (lower limit) that the JIS of each parent metal specifies.In addition, the Fe of " No. 1 copper cash bits " is presumed value.
Alloying element raw material adds up to: 200kg
Use parent metal A (not comprising embodiment 1-6, the embodiment of 2-3, comparative example) ...
Zn: common Zinc Matrix metal (JISH2107) 99.97%, Fe:0.01%,
Al: aluminum substrate metal 3 kinds of (JISH2102) 99.00%, Fe:0.80%,
Cu:1 copper cash bits (JISH2109) 99.87%, Fe:0.01%,
Mg: magnesium matrix metal 2 kinds of (JISH2150) 99.8%, Fe:0.05%,
Use parent metal B (embodiment 1-6,2-3) ...
Zn: common Zinc Matrix metal (JISH2107) 99.97%, Fe:0.01%,
Al: aluminum substrate metal special a kind of (JISH2102) 99.90%, Fe:0.07%,
Cu: cathode copper parent metal (JISH2121) 99.96%, Fe:0.01%,
Mg: magnesium matrix metal a kind of (JISH2150) 99.90%, Fe:0.01%,
The manufacture of each alloy pellets carries out with the composition shown in table 1,2 as alloy composition under the following conditions in the method (drop comminution granulation) shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2.
Melting temperature: about 600 DEG C,
Liquation keeps temperature: about 550 DEG C,
Cooling medium (water) keeps temperature: about 40 DEG C
In addition, represented to form by each JIS and obtain non-essential element (impurity) in each embodiment and comparative example and add up to and Fe content and be shown in table 1 (corresponding first invention), table 2 (correspondence the second invention).In comparative example 1-6 and comparative example 2-3, adding Fe and being adjusted to respective Fe content becomes 0.35%.
That is, impurity is aggregated in embodiment 1-1 ~ 1-8 and embodiment 2-1 ~ 2-3 is 0.014% ~ 0.092%, be 0.032 ~ 0.378 in comparative example 1-1 ~ 1-6 and comparative example 2-1 ~ 2-3.
And, as past case 1, use each raw material parent metal of more than 99.9%, regulate Addition ofelements to consist of " Al:0.01%, Mn:1.9% ", Vickers hardness: the sample of 88HV; As past case 2, adjustment Addition ofelements is the sample of " Al:0.05%, Mn:4.5% ", Vickers hardness: 129HV.
[table 1]
(％)
After ※ Fe adds
[table 2]
(％)
After ※ Fe adds
Vickers hardness is measured to each ball manufactured like this.The results are shown in table 3 described later, 4.
Each embodiment of above-mentioned preparation, the zinc-based alloy shots of comparative example are carried out to each evaluation test of (1) shot-peening and (2) peening.
(1) shot-peening evaluation test
By prepared zinc-based alloy shots (average grain diameter 1.0mm, a/b be less than 1.2 ball be more than 70%) 50kg, utilize " the centrifugal grenade instrumentation of DZB type (5HP) " (Xindong Industry Co's system) to carry out shot-peening to carry out performance evaluation with velocity of projection 45m/s to aluminum alloy die-cast part (case hardness: 100HV).All use following zinc-based alloy shots, that is, that implements the metal structure inferring the zinc-based alloy shots dropped into recrystallizes the fully stable pre-projection of 8 hours of phenomenon change, and the state of adjustment zinc-based alloy shots is to make to become almost identical state with the blasting operation of reality.
Assessment item, to corresponding with toughness (resistance to impact) " ball consumption ", " the deflashing ability " corresponding with bead ability and " polishing and the ability of cleaning ", carries out as follows.
< ball consumption >
Use zinc-based alloy shots carried out the shot-peening of 8 hours and becomes the amount of micro mist loss as " ball consumption ", and evaluating by with following benchmark.
◎: be less than or equal to 0.06kg/ (hHP),
Zero: be greater than 0.06kg/ (hHP) and be less than or equal to 0.08kg/ (hHP),
△: be greater than 0.08kg/ (hHP) and be less than or equal to 0.10kg/ (hHP),
×: be greater than 0.10kg/ (hHP).
< deflashing ability >
Evaluate with following benchmark.
◎: just can complete deflashing with the shot-peening time of 30 seconds, result is extremely good,
Zero: completed deflashing with 60 seconds, result is good,
△: completed deflashing with 90 seconds, result is poor a little,
×: even if the shot-peening carried out 90 seconds can not deflashing, result is for poor.
< polishing and cleaning ability >
Evaluate with following benchmark.
◎: glitter silvery white in the surface of the processed product after process,
Zero: turn black a little in the same manner,
△: turn black in the same manner.
Its evaluation result is shown in table 3.
[table 3]
Then, the Al addition scope (0.5% ~ 6.5%) of the first invention is described.
If Al addition very few (0.5%), although then the consumption of the zinc-based alloy shots ball of comparative example 1-1 is "○" less, but Vickers hardness is low, therefore deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability are low, and the overall merit of zinc-based alloy shots is slightly poor " △ ".
The zinc-based alloy shots of comparative example 1-2 and 1-3 of Al addition too much (being greater than 6.5%), due to the excessive interpolation of Al, the resistance to impact (toughness) of ball declines, and the consumption of ball is slightly many " △ ".And then comparative example 1-2 and 1-3 with the addition of Al due to excessive, so the proportion of zinc-based alloy shots lightens, although Vickers hardness improves, zinc-based alloy shots declines to the impulsive force of processed product.Therefore, the deflashing ability of comparative example 1-2 and 1-3 and polishing and cleaning ability decline.The overall merit of zinc-based alloy shots is slightly poor " △ ".
The Al addition of the first invention: the resistance to impact of the zinc-based alloy shots of the embodiment 1-1 in the scope of 0.5% ~ 6.5% ~ 1-3 is high, ball consumption is few " ◎ ".Particularly, the deflashing ability of the embodiment 1-2 that Vickers hardness is more than 130HV and the zinc-based alloy shots of 1-3 and polishing and cleaning ability are all high, and the overall merit of zinc-based alloy shots is extremely good " ◎ ".
The Cu addition (0.5% ~ 4.0%) of the first invention is described.
The consumption of the ball of the zinc-based alloy shots of the comparative example 1-4 of Cu addition very few (being less than 0.5%) is few " ◎ ", but Vickers hardness is low, thus polishing and cleaning ability low, the overall merit of zinc-based alloy shots is slightly poor " △ ".
The hardness of the zinc-based alloy shots of the comparative example 1-5 of Cu addition too much (being greater than 4.5%) is 190HV, as kirsite, there is high hardness, deflashing ability and polishing and cleaning ability are that " ◎ " evaluates, but due to the excessive interpolation of Cu, the toughness of ball declines, and becomes the result that ball consumption is increased to " △ ".This is because the content along with Cu increases, caused by the toughness decline of zinc-based alloy shots.
The embodiment 1-1 (Vickers hardness 92HV) that the zinc-based alloy shots of the first invention relates to and past case 1 (vickers hardness hv 88) and embodiment 1-2 (Vickers hardness 130HV) Vickers hardness respective with past case 2 (vickers hardness hv 129) almost identical, but the deflashing ability of zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention, polishing and cleaning ability are excellent.
General kirsite has because timeliness carries out recrystallization that metal structure changes, the tendency that hardness declines.In the evaluation test of the zinc-based alloy shots of this shot-peening, consider this recrystallize after the state of ball be just actual blasting operation state, thus implement the pre-projection of 8 hours.Therefore be estimated as because the zinc-based alloy shots of past case 1,2 is compared with zinc-based alloy shots of the present invention, the rate of descent of hardness is large, so obtain the result of deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability.
In addition, compare using the situation of the material comparing low-purity (embodiment 1-4) and highly purified material (embodiment 1-6) as interpolation alloy substrate metal, then employ the Vickers hardness step-down a little of the situation of the embodiment 1-6 of high-purity material, but ball consumption is few, obtain better result.
In addition, situation (embodiment 1-4) few for the amount of Fe contained in zinc-based alloy shots and many situations (comparative example 1-6) are compared, the then Vickers hardness step-down of the comparative example 1-6 that result Fe content is excessive, ball consumption, deflashing ability and polishing and cleaning ability all decline simultaneously.
(2) peening evaluation test
Utilized by prepared zinc-based alloy shots (average grain diameter 1.0mm) the centrifugal grenade instrumentation of DZB type of Xindong Industry Co to cast material with velocity of projection 60m/s continuously to following AC4CH and carry out peening until coverage rate reaches 300%.
What any assess sample all implemented the metal structure inferring the zinc-based alloy shots dropped into recrystallizes the fully stable pre-projection of 8 hours of phenomenon, and the state of adjustment zinc-based alloy shots, with after becoming state almost identical with the blasting operation of reality, carries out peening.The Vickers hardness of the zinc-based alloy shots after pre-projection is shown in table 4.
Peening test uses the thin rectangle test film through thickness 5mm, the width 15mm of following process, the length 17mm of parallel portion, namely, be through and AC4CH cast continuously after material carries out liquation process in 8 hours in 520 DEG C, carry out water-cooled, place after 12 hours, carry out the thin rectangle test film of the Ageing Treatment of 6 hours at 160 DEG C.
Peening evaluation carries out following projects.
Assessment item, to corresponding with peening effect " increase rate of compressive residual stress " and " toughness (resistance to impact) ", carries out as follows.
< compressive residual stress rate of change >
Measure from the surperficial residual stress to the degree of depth of 0.15mm of the central portion of the processed surface of test film, utilize the rate of change relative to the residual stress-100MPa of non-peening item for disposal and evaluate by following benchmark.
More than ◎: 250%,
Zero: be more than or equal to 200% and be less than 250%,
△: be less than 200%.
< ball consumption >
Use zinc-based alloy shots is carried out peening and within 8 hours, becomes the amount of micro mist loss as " ball consumption ", evaluate according to following benchmark.
◎: be less than or equal to 0.06kg/ (hHP),
Zero: be greater than 0.06kg/ (hHP) and be less than or equal to 0.08kg/ (hHP),
△: be greater than 0.08kg/ (hHP) and be less than or equal to 0.10kg/ (hHP),
×: be greater than 0.10kg/ (hHP).
Above " increase rate of compressive residual stress " " consumption of ball " is carried out " synthetic determination ", extremely good situation is evaluated as ◎, good situation is evaluated as zero, slightly poor situation is evaluated as △, the situation of difference is evaluated as ×.This evaluation result is shown in table 4.
[table 4]
As the zinc-based alloy shots of the embodiment 1-2 ~ 1-5 of the zinc-based alloy shots of the first invention, due to projection in advance, Vickers hardness about declines 27% ~ 45%, thus Vickers hardness becomes 90 ~ 97HV.When the addition total of known Al and Cu is less than 7.5%, due to reusing of zinc-based alloy shots, thus metal structure recrystallizes and the decline of the mechanical strength of zinc-based alloy shots, Vickers hardness.That is, when the total of Al and Cu is less than 7.5%, the not talkative ball as being used for peening is the most applicable.
Therefore, the zinc-based alloy shots of embodiment 1-2 ~ 1-5 is compared to the Vickers hardness 104HV of processed product, the hardness step-down of zinc-based alloy shots, sufficient plastic deformation can not be caused at processed product superficial layer, thus become the evaluation that " increase rate of compressive residual stress " be less than few " △ " of peening effect of 200%.The overall merit of the zinc-based alloy shots of embodiment 1-2 ~ 1-5 becomes slightly poor " △ ".
Although be the zinc-based alloy shots of the first invention and the total of Al and Cu is greater than the embodiment 1-7 of 7.5% and the zinc-based alloy shots of 1-8 that Vickers hardness about declines 29% ~ 32% by pre-projection, but the Vickers hardness before pre-projection is the high rigidity of 180 ~ 183HV, the Vickers hardness after pre-projection is 122 ~ 130HV.Owing to ensure that the Vickers hardness higher than the Vickers hardness 104HV of processed product, the zinc-based alloy shots of acetonideexample 1-6,1-7 can cause sufficient plastic deformation at processed product superficial layer, becomes the evaluation that " increase rate of compressive residual stress " is high " ◎ " of peening effect of more than 250%.The consumption of ball is few "○" evaluation, and the overall merit of the zinc-based alloy shots of embodiment 1-7 and 1-8 is good "○".
The comparative example 2-1 relating to the second invention is 0.001% of Mg addition very few (Mg: be less than 0.01%).Although with the addition of Mg, the effect of the recrystallization that is not inhibited reaction, the Vickers hardness after pre-projection drops to 92HV (declining 36%).
Therefore, in comparative example 2-1, the hardness of zinc-based alloy shots becomes the Vickers hardness 104HV lower than processed product, and few " △ " of peening effect that result becomes " increase rate of compressive residual stress " is less than 200% evaluates.The overall merit of this zinc-based alloy shots becomes slightly poor " △ ".
The zinc-based alloy shots of comparative example 2-2 is 0.3% of Mg addition too much (being greater than 0.2%).Although infer owing to adding Mg and separate out Mg compound at the crystalizing interface of kirsite, the decline of the Vickers hardness after result projects in advance is suppressed in 3%, can prevent from recrystallizing, but resistance to impact declines and becomes the evaluation of " ball consumption " how "×".The overall merit of this zinc-based alloy shots becomes poor "×".
The addition of Al and Cu of the present invention add up to less than 7.5% and the zinc-based alloy shots of embodiment 2-1 ~ 2-3 in the scope of Mg:0.01% ~ 0.2% owing to inhibit recrystallizing of the metal structure that causes because reusing, the decline of the Vickers hardness after pre-projection is only about 6% ~ 12%.But the absolute value of its Vickers hardness after pre-projection is 123 ~ 141HV, ensure that the hardness fully higher than the Vickers hardness 104HV of processed product.
Therefore, embodiment 2-1 ~ 2-3 can cause sufficient plastic deformation at processed product superficial layer, becomes the evaluation that " increase rate of compressive residual stress " is high " ◎ " of peening effect of more than 250%.In addition, the decline of the resistance to impact brought due to Mg within the scope of controllable interpolation, so become " ball consumption " evaluation for few " ◎ " (embodiment 2-1,2-3), few "○" (embodiment 2-2).The overall merit of this zinc-based alloy shots is extremely good ◎ (embodiment 2-3), good zero (embodiment 2-1 and 2-2).
From the explanation of above-described embodiment, the zinc-based alloy shots zinc-based alloy shots that can have concurrently in the past of each embodiment that the first invention and the second invention relate to is difficult to the high rigidity (more than 100HV) that obtains and high tenacity.
The stress when deflashing of the shot-peening in actual processing, polishing and cleaning ability and peening is given ability and can be improved tremendously, and the consumption that can have ball concurrently reduces the improvement effect that the cost reduction that brings and dust growing amount reduce the operating environment brought.And, not containing the Mn etc. belonging to PRTR system object.
In addition, compare using the situation of the material comparing low-purity (embodiment 2-1) and high-purity material (embodiment 2-3) as alloying element additive, then employ the Vickers hardness after the Vickers hardness of the situation of high-purity material, pre-projection and residual compression stress high a little, in addition, ball consumption is few, can obtain better result.
In addition, the few situation (embodiment 2-1) of the amount of Fe contained in zinc-based alloy shots is compared with many situations (comparative example 2-3), Vickers hardness then after the Vickers hardness of the comparative example 2-3 that Fe content is high, pre-projection, residual compression stress are all low, and overall merit is "×".
In addition, the comparative example 2-3 that Mg addition exceedes excessive (0.2%), compared with embodiment 2-2, becomes residual compression stress large a little, but the result that ball consumption declines.Think this is because along with the excessive interpolation of Mg the toughness of zinc-based alloy shots decline caused by.
Symbol description
12... ingot (parent metal)
14... crucible
16... liquation
18... liquation keeps container
22... nozzle is instilled
24... cooling medium (water)
32... drying machine
34... grader
Claims (13)
1. a zinc-based alloy shots, it is characterized in that, it is the zinc-based alloy shots of three component system containing Al:1.0 ~ 6.5 quality %, Cu:0.5 ~ 4.5 quality % as Addition ofelements, the quality ratio of components Al/Cu of described Al and Cu is 1.0 ~ 13.0, addition adds up to Al+Cu to be 1.5 ~ 10.5 quality %, and Vickers hardness is 90 ~ 190HV0.05
Element beyond described three compositions contained in described zinc-based alloy shots, namely the total content of non-essential element is below 0.5 quality %, and Fe content is below 0.3 quality %,
The average grain diameter of particle is 0.1 ~ 3mm,
By the operation in the molten metal instillation cooling medium water through making melting, in this cooling medium, carrying out the operation of solidifying, piling up, make this solidify, the operation of deposit drying and the coccoid that obtains carries out classification and manufactures,
The length of the length direction of the particle of described zinc-based alloy shots is set to a, when the maximum diameter in the direction orthogonal with described length direction is set to b, the a/b of the ball of more than 60% in the scope of 1.0 ~ 1.2,
For the surface treatment of nonferrous metal goods formed by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy.
2. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each purity of described Addition ofelements Al and Cu is more than 99.9 quality %, and, the content of described non-essential element add up to below 0.02 quality %.
3. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is the zinc-based alloy shots of three component system containing Al:3.0 ~ 6.0 quality %, Cu:1.0 ~ 3.0 quality % as Addition ofelements.
4. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for the deflashing surface treatment of described nonferrous metal goods, and Vickers hardness is 130 ~ 154HV0.05.
5. a zinc-based alloy shots, is characterized in that, is the zinc-based alloy shots of four-component system containing Al:3.0 ~ 6.5 quality %, Cu:0.5 ~ 4.0 quality %, Mg:0.01 ~ 0.2 quality % as Addition ofelements,
The quality ratio of components Al/Cu of described Al and Cu is 1.0 ~ 13.0, addition adds up to Al+Cu to be 1.5 ~ 8.0 quality %, and Vickers hardness is 90 ~ 190HV0.05,
Element beyond described three compositions contained in described zinc-based alloy shots, namely the total content of non-essential element is below 0.5 quality %, and Fe content is below 0.3 quality %,
The average grain diameter of particle is 0.1 ~ 3mm,
By the operation in the molten metal instillation cooling medium water through making melting, in this cooling medium, carrying out the operation of solidifying, piling up, make this solidify, the operation of deposit drying and the coccoid that obtains carries out classification and manufactures,
The length of the length direction of the particle of described zinc-based alloy shots is set to a, when the maximum diameter in the direction orthogonal with described length direction is set to b, the a/b of the ball of more than 60% in the scope of 1.0 ~ 1.2,
For the surface treatment of nonferrous metal goods formed by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy.
6. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 5, is characterized in that, each purity of described Addition ofelements Al, Cu and Mg is more than 99.9 quality %, and the content of described non-essential element add up to below 0.02 quality %.
7. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 5, is characterized in that, is the zinc-based alloy shots of four-component system containing Al:3.0 ~ 5.0 quality %, Cu:1.0 ~ 3.0 quality %, Mg:0.01 ~ 0.2 quality % as Addition ofelements.
8. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 5, is characterized in that, for the deflashing surface treatment of described nonferrous metal goods, and Vickers hardness is 140 ~ 150HV0.05.
9. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 5, is characterized in that, for the peening surface treatment of described nonferrous metal goods, and Vickers hardness is 140 ~ 150HV0.05.
10. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 1, wherein, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3 ~ 2.0mm.
11. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3 ~ 2.0mm.
12. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 10, is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3 ~ 0.6mm.
13. zinc-based alloy shots according to claim 11, is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3 ~ 0.6mm.
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| JP2009-250356 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| JP2009250356 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2010/064443 WO2011052287A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-26 | Zinc-based alloy shots |
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| CN102574274B true CN102574274B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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| US (1) | US20120294756A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5007776B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101237904B1 (en) |
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| BR (1) | BR112012007528A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2012125900A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-05 | Sintokogio Ltd | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| JP5787215B2 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-09-30 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| CN103225027B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2018-05-08 | 戴国水 | A kind of kirsite |
| US9528804B2 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-12-27 | Amick Family Revocable Living Trust | Ballistic zinc alloys, firearm projectiles, and firearm ammunition containing the same |
| US20180297173A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2018-10-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Methods of Polishing |
| JP5939339B2 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2016-06-22 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| FR3040013B1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-02-23 | Safran Aircraft Engines | METHOD FOR COMPACTING AN ANTI-CORROSION PAINT OF A TURBOMACHINE PIECE |
| FR3061055B1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-07-26 | Safran Aircraft Engines | DEVICE FOR PROCESSING A METAL PIECE, METHOD AND ASSEMBLY OF PROJECTILES THEREFOR |
| KR101910868B1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-10-23 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | Zinc-Aluminium alloy having directional grain and method for fabricating the same |
| WO2018235903A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot and method for producing same |
| JP6965926B2 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2021-11-10 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot and its manufacturing method |
| CN107699740A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-16 | 广州番禺于金属加工有限公司 | A kind of kirsite and preparation method thereof and key billet |
| DE102018204593A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-02 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Al- & Mg-compatible blasting material for cleaning blasting on the basis of AlSc powder |
| CN113333766A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-03 | 广东长信精密设备有限公司 | Automatic change pelletization device |
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| EP1584698A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-10-12 | Eike Schulz | Zinc cast alloy having high strength and good casting properties |
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- 2010-08-26 JP JP2011538293A patent/JP5007776B2/en active Active
- 2010-08-26 WO PCT/JP2010/064443 patent/WO2011052287A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-26 BR BR112012007528A patent/BR112012007528A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-08-26 CN CN201080043347.4A patent/CN102574274B/en active Active
- 2010-08-26 KR KR1020127007236A patent/KR101237904B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-15 TW TW099131124A patent/TW201125987A/en unknown
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| GB2046302A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-11-12 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Zinc alloy powder |
| CN85105906A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-09-30 | 同和铁粉工业株式会社 | Be used for the continuous mechanical plating of the sand-blast material and the use sand-blast material of mechanical plating |
| EP0902097A1 (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 1999-03-17 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. | Zinc-base alloy for mold, zinc-base alloy block for mold and method for preparing the same |
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| TW201125987A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
| KR101237904B1 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
| KR20120098999A (en) | 2012-09-06 |
| TWI379012B (en) | 2012-12-11 |
| US20120294756A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
| BR112012007528A2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
| JP5007776B2 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
| CN102574274A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| WO2011052287A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| JPWO2011052287A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
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