CN102574274A - Zinc-based alloy shots - Google Patents
Zinc-based alloy shots Download PDFInfo
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- CN102574274A CN102574274A CN2010800433474A CN201080043347A CN102574274A CN 102574274 A CN102574274 A CN 102574274A CN 2010800433474 A CN2010800433474 A CN 2010800433474A CN 201080043347 A CN201080043347 A CN 201080043347A CN 102574274 A CN102574274 A CN 102574274A
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- zinc
- containing alloy
- alloy ball
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/083—Deburring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are zinc-based alloy shots which, without risk of dust explosion, are capable of high performance deburring and abrasion cleaning through shot blasting and application of compressive residual stress through shot peening, with low quantities of shots consumed by shot projection. The zinc-based alloy shots include a three-component zinc-based alloy shot wherein 0.5 - 6.5 mass % Al, 0.5 - 4.5 mass % Cu are contained as additional elements, the mass composition ratio of Al to Cu (Al/Cu) is 1.0 - 13.0, the total amount (Al + Cu) is 1.5 - 10.5 mass %, and the Vickers hardness is 90 - 190 HV; and a four-component zinc-based alloy shot wherein 0.5 - 6.5 mass % Al, 0.5 - 4.5 mass % Cu, 0.01 - 0.2 mass % Mg are contained as additional elements, the mass composition ratio of Al to Cu (Al/Cu) is 1.0 - 13.0, the total additional amount (Al + Cu) is 1.5 - 8.0 mass %, and the Vickers hardness is 90 - 190 HV.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ball of projection processing (sandblast processing) usefulness of in shot-peening and peening, using; Wherein, The purpose of said shot-peening for example is with aluminum die cast product, aluminium casting goods etc. to be the removing of burr and overlap (below be recited as " deflashing ") of the nonferrous metal parts of representative; And the knockout of casting article, the scab of coating, releasing agent is removed, perhaps the removing of oxide-film, current mark (below be recited as " polishing and clear up "); The purpose of said projection processing is to improve the fatigue strength of the weld portion of nonferrous metal parts or nonferrous metal parts.
In this manual, Vickers hardness is illustrated in the Vickers hardness of the condition mensuration of the retention time to test power 0.4093N, to test power: 10～15s among the JIS Z 2244, with " 000 HV0.05 " expression, is abbreviated as " 000 HV " at this.
In addition, " % " of expression alloy composition do not having expression " quality % " under the situation about specifying.
Background technology
In the past; Is the die cast product of the nonferrous metal system of representative what be used for automobile component etc. with acieral, zinc-containing alloy or Mg base alloy; Deflashing, polishing and cleaning etc. as moulding article (formed products) are the surface treatment of purpose, and mostly the use bead that will be called as ball is with at a high speed to being processed the shot-peening that article throw.
In addition, in recent years, be the surface treatment of purpose as the fatigue strength of the weld portion that improves nonferrous metal parts, nonferrous metal parts, use mostly with above-mentioned shot-peening likewise ball with at a high speed to being processed the peening that article throw.
As the material of the ball that is used for this shot-peening, the general ball that constitutes by acieral, stainless steel, zinc-containing alloy that uses.
The acieral ball is owing to light specific gravity, and to the polishing and the cleaning scarce capacity that are processed article, in addition, the blast of the dust cloud that the ball fragmentation that in shot-peening, takes place owing to the material behavior of aluminium causes is highly sensitive, and concentration of lower explosive limit is also low.Therefore, need extra job safety management.
Stainless shot contains Ni (government decree numbering 231), the Cr (government decree numbering 68) of the object that belongs to chemical substance discharging transfer amount reporting system (PRTR " Pollutant Release and Transfer Register " system).Therefore, from the viewpoint of job safety, environmental protection, trend towards restriction and use.
Compare with acieral ball, stainless shot, the blast sensitivity of the dust cloud that is caused by the ball fragmentation of zinc-containing alloy ball is low and concentration of lower explosive limit is also high.Therefore, in recent years, consider from the security aspect, use as the shot-peening of the die cast product of nonferrous metal system, ball that peening is used at most.
As the prior art document that relates to the zinc-containing alloy ball,, there is patent documentation 1～5 etc. though do not influence patentability of the present invention.
Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 11-320416 communique
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2001-162538 communique
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2007-84869 communique
Patent documentation 4: japanese kokai publication hei 9-70758 communique
Patent documentation 5: TOHKEMY 2002-224962 communique
Summary of the invention
Utilizing shot-peening deflashing, polishing and cleaning or utilizing peening to improve fatigue life etc. during, in order to realize these purposes, the preferred ball that uses the case hardness that is fit to object being treated for the surface treatment of purpose.
For example, the aluminum die cast product of Vickers hardness 90～110HV preferably uses near these hardness or the ball of above hardness.
But, in the zinc-containing alloy ball of the above hardness of these hardness, also few of zinc-containing alloy ball listing with toughness.This is because the zinc-containing alloy ball is common and the increase of hardness toughness reduction pro rata.
In addition, in patent documentation 2,, interpolation Mn (addition: 0.3%～5.0%) as the technology of adding element has been proposed in order to improve the ball durability.But Mn also is the object (government decree designation 311) of PRTR system, has the problem identical with stainless shot.
Therefore, consider that for the zinc-containing alloy ball, the elements such as Mn of hoping to occur not add the object that belongs to the PRTR system just can improve the technology of durability from the surging viewpoint of recent environmental problem.
Inventor of the present invention furthers investigate for the problem that solves these zinc-containing alloy balls repeatedly; The result has found following alloy composition; That is, in Zn, add Al and Cu, and when being adjusted to specific alloy composition; Can not make yet and have above-mentioned Vickers hardness and the high zinc-containing alloy ball of toughness above near the 100HV even do not add the object elements of PRTR system, thereby invent the present invention of following formation.
The present invention's (first invention) is a kind of zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; Be as adding the zinc-containing alloy ball that element contains the three component system of Al:0.5%～6.5%, Cu:0.5%～4.5%; The quality ratio of components (Al/Cu)=1.0～13.0 of said Al and Cu, addition add up to (Al+Cu): 1.5%～10.5%, and Vickers hardness: 90～190HV.
Among Fig. 1, in the state diagram of the three component system alloy composition of zinc-containing alloy ball, schematically shown compositing range of the present invention (grey portion).
To belong to the resistance to impact that the ball consumption is had the engineering properties of very big influence in order improving, in zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention, to add Al as alloying element (indispensable element).Al has the effect of the resistance to impact (toughness) that increases kirsite and mechanical strength, Vickers hardness.(with total scale of construction 100% is benchmark to the addition of Al; Below identical) less than 0.5% o'clock, be difficult to obtain these effects, surpass at 6.5% o'clock, show the resistance to impact tendency that descends.Though also receive the influence of adding proportion of adding the Cu of alloy as other, the addition that is used to increase the Al that is fit to of resistance to impact is 3.0～6.0 quality %, is preferably about 3.0%～5.0%.
In addition, in order to improve the Vickers hardness of zinc-containing alloy ball, use Cu as adding element.Cu has the mechanical strength that increases kirsite, the effect of Vickers hardness, when the addition of Cu less than 0.5% the time, be difficult to obtain these effects.But the addition of Cu was greater than 4.5% o'clock, and perhaps the addition of Al and Cu added up to greater than 10.5% o'clock, though can improve mechanical strength, Vickers hardness, showed the tendency (toughness decline) that resistance to impact descends.Than the Vickers hardness 100HV of aluminum die cast product fully with regard to the zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention high, Vickers hardness 140HV, the addition of optimal Cu is about 1.0%～3.0% with regard to hardness.
In addition, in the zinc-containing alloy ball, as stated; If Vickers hardness is lower than 90HV; Then deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning scarce capacity, but surpass 190HV are then when deflashing or when polishing and cleaning or peening when handling; Carry out the breaking of zinc-containing alloy ball, loss easily, the consumption of ball increases and impracticable.This is because of rising because the toughness of zinc-containing alloy ball is low.Therefore; Vickers hardness at the zinc-containing alloy ball of the consumption few (high tenacity) that obtains having sufficient deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability, peening ability and ball easily: 90～190HV, be preferably in the scope of 130～154HV, according to process object (goods), processing intent and suitably selected ball.
In the present invention of above-mentioned formation, the content of three compositions (Zn, Al, the Cu) element (non-essential element) in addition that preferred zinc-containing alloy ball is contained is below 0.5%, and Fe content is below 0.3%.
As above-mentioned non-essential element, can enumerate for example Pb, Fe, Cd, Sn, Si, Ti, Mn, As, Sb, Bi, S.The total of these non-essential elements was greater than 0.5% o'clock, and the zinc-containing alloy ball becomes fragile easily, the toughness step-down.Particularly Fe brings harmful effect to toughness, and the content of Fe added up in the zinc-containing alloy ball greater than 0.3% o'clock, and the ball consumption increases and as ball impracticable (with reference to comparative example 1-6, comparative example 2-3).
In the present invention of above-mentioned formation, be more than 99.9% preferably as the Al that adds element and each purity of Cu, and, the adding up to below 0.02% of the content of non-essential element.When making the zinc-containing alloy ball, the toughness decline that the oxide entering grain boundary of the contained non-essential element of Al and Cu (impurity) and this non-essential element is caused diminish as far as possible (embodiment 1-6, embodiment 2-3).
Particularly; As the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Al, can enumerate the aluminum substrate metal special a kind (more than 99.90%) of JISH2102, a kind of the wrought aluminum parent metal spy special (more than 99.995%) (more than 99.990%) 2 kinds (more than 99.95%) of JISH2111 (or ICS77.120.10); As the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Cu, can enumerate the cathode copper parent metal (more than 99.96%) of JISH2121.
In addition, as the raw material (parent metal) of the Zn of basic element, not special the qualification can be used the raw material of Zn of each grade of JISH2107 (or ISO725:1981) regulation.Consider from the viewpoint of the quality stability of ball, preferably use conventional zinc parent metal (more than 99.97%), the purest zinc-base body metal (more than 99.995%) of JISH2107, the raw material of extraordinary zinc-base body metal highly purified Zn such as (more than 99.99%).
Other the present invention (second invention) is a kind of zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; Be as adding the zinc-containing alloy ball that element contains the four-component system of Al:0.5%～6.5%, Cu:0.5%～4.5%, Mg:0.01%～0.2%; The quality ratio of components (Al/Cu) of Al and Cu: 1.0～13.0, addition adds up to (Al+Cu): 1.5%～8.0%, and, Vickers hardness: 90～190HV, be preferably 140～150HV.
Second invention be for prevent as first invention the addition total (Al+Cu) of Al and Cu be 8.0% when following; The mechanical strength that recrystallizes the ball that is caused of the metal structure that the zinc-containing alloy ball of inventing owing to repeated use first produces, the decline of Vickers hardness, the Mg that uses trace is as adding element.Mg has at the crystalizing interface of kirsite and separates out the Mg compound and also have the effect that improves mechanical strength, Vickers hardness in the effect that suppresses to recrystallize.Mg was difficult to obtain recrystallizing inhibitory action less than 0.01% o'clock, greater than 0.2% o'clock, might hinder the effect of the raising impact resistance value that the interpolation of Al, Cu brings.Therefore, the interpolation element that can access the zinc-containing alloy ball about Vickers hardness 140HV is formed as Al:3.0%～5.0%, Cu:1.0%～3.0% o'clock, and the addition of suitable Mg is 0.01%～0.2%, is preferably 0.03%～0.08%.Wherein, about Vickers hardness 140HV be the ball hardness that easily the nonferrous metal goods is obtained good shot-peening, peening effect.
The reason of the number range of the addition of the interpolation element (Al and Cu) beyond the qualification Mg is identical with first invention.
In second invention of above-mentioned formation, identical with the situation of first invention, preferably making the content of the non-essential element beyond the contained four-component of zinc-containing alloy ball is below 0.5%, and the content of Fe is below 0.3%.The reason and first that limits the content of these non-essential elements is invented identical.
In each invention that above-mentioned second invention relates to, same with first invention, preferably each purity as Al, Cu and the Mg of said interpolation element is respectively more than the 99.9 quality %.The reason that limits these purity is identical with first invention.
In addition, particularly, the raw material of above-mentioned Al, Cu and Zn (parent metal) as the raw material (parent metal) of above-mentioned Mg, can be enumerated a kind on the magnesium matrix metal (more than 99.90%) of JISH2150 (or ISO8287:2000) as stated.
The average grain diameter of the zinc-containing alloy ball in above-mentioned first, second invention with processing intent and different, common, can be 0.1～3.0mm according to the intensity that is processed article, is preferably 0.3～2mm.
If average grain diameter is too small, then be difficult to obtain sufficient deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability, peening effect (for example, giving compressive residual stress).On the contrary, when average grain diameter is excessive, when deflashing or when polishing and cleaning or peening when handling, easily object being treated is caused damage, perhaps can not keep surface roughness.
The average grain diameter of ball is 0.1～3.0mm, when being preferably 0.3～2mm, can bringing into play high polishing and cleaning effect and be processed the surface treatments such as deflashing of article at short notice.In addition, when the average grain diameter of ball is 0.3～0.6mm, can obtain the surface of the few beauty of rough surface.
The zinc-containing alloy ball of above-mentioned first, second invention is with splashing into operation in the cooling medium such as water through the molten metal with fusion, in this cooling medium, making the solidification of molten metal that splashes into and form coccoid and the operation of piling up, the coccoid classification of the operation that this solidifies, deposit is dry is made.
Molten metal through with fusion splashes in the cooling medium, thereby said molten metal is sharply cooled off, and becomes fine and uniform tissue so compare with general founding materials.As shot-peening or peening and when using, will apply very large external force,, can use as the zinc-containing alloy ball well so, can improve engineering properties such as resistance to impact, hot strength through fine and uniform tissue to the zinc-containing alloy ball.
Zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention is owing to be zinc-containing alloy, so the blast sensitivity of the dust cloud that causes because of the ball fragmentation is low and concentration of lower explosive limit is high, therefore safe zinc-containing alloy ball can be provided.
And then zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention so the deflashing in the shot-peening, polishing and cleaning ability are high, can be accomplished bead owing to be high rigidity (Vickers hardness is more than the 90HV) at short notice, and productivity ratio is high.And owing to be the high tenacity that zinc-containing alloy ball does not in the past have, so the consumption of zinc-containing alloy ball tails off, and the dust growing amount that causes because of the ball fragmentation also descends.
In addition, under the situation about in peening, using, the zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention of high rigidity and high tenacity can cause plastic deformation and give compressive residual stress with good efficiency equally at the superficial layer that is processed article.In addition, as situation about in shot-peening, using, the dust growing amount that causes because of the ball fragmentation also will descend.
And, zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention, the decline of the mechanical strength of the ball that it causes because of recrystallizing of metal structure is relatively little, and the Vickers hardness in the use of zinc-containing alloy ball is stable.Therefore, as its effect, the fine finishining thing deviation of the article that are processed after shot-peening, the peening tails off, and the surface treatment quality is also stable.
And then the zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention not only growing amount of dust is few, and does not contain the Mn etc. of the object that belongs to the PRTR system, considers from the viewpoint of Environmental security and operational security, and is also preferred.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three component system state diagram of expression alloy composition scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the expression zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention manufacturing approach one the example flow chart.
The specific embodiment
Below describe (Fig. 2 with reference to) for the situation of utilizing the zinc-containing alloy ball among drop comminution granulation manufacturing the present invention.
At first, basic element (Zn) and the ingot (raw material) 12 that adds element (Al, Cu and Mg) are measured, and drop in the crucible 14, it is reached set the alloy composition ratio.
Then, through crucible 14 being heated ingot (parent metal) mixture that fuses input, obtain liquation 16 with firing equipment (resistance heated) 15.The fusion heating-up temperature of this moment is according to alloy composition, production scale and difference, but suitably sets in the scope of 550～700 ℃ (preferred 580～600 ℃) usually.In addition, the fusing point of each element is following:
Zn：419.6℃、Cu：1083.4℃、Al：660℃、Mg：648℃。
Then, liquation 16 is dropped into liquation and keep container 18.Liquation keeps possessing firing equipment (resistance heated) 20 in the container 18, can be when making the zinc-containing alloy ball, and liquation 16 can not be cooled to necessary above mode and keep.The liquation of this moment keeps temperature according to alloy composition, production scale and difference, but suitably sets in the scope of 500～600 ℃ (preferred 520～550 ℃) usually.
What liquation kept the bottom of container 18 to be provided with being used to splashing into liquation splashes into nozzle 22, and the bottom of this nozzle 22 is furnished with and drops into the cooling bath 28 of setting up cooling device (cooling tower) 26 that cooling mediums 24 such as water are arranged.Wherein, cooling medium 24 also can be wet goods.
Here, when liquation 16 dripped from splashing into nozzle 22, the shape of the drop of liquation 16 was not a ball completely, was to stretch and the ball and even the ellipticity of distortion to falling direction.Therefore, the coccoid 30 that obtains, be the cylindric of the shape of the particle of ball spherical, the ellipsoid of revolution shape or the fillet that become somewhat deformed.The length of the length direction of the ball that will be obtained by the perspective view of such ball is made as a, in the time of will being made as b with the maximum diameter of the direction of length direction quadrature, the a/b of preferred ball more than 60% is in 1.0～1.2 scope.Such ball is near proper sphere, and the deviation of shape is little, so can obtain polishing and cleaning effect more uniformly.In addition, the perspective view of ball can obtain through the known method such as image analysis of utilizing microscopic examination, shooting.
In addition, cooling medium 24 is through temperature rises with splashing into that liquation contacts, thereby becomes the reason that hinders the chilling that splashes into liquation.Therefore, utilize cooling device 26 that cooling medium 24 is remained on design temperature.For example under the situation of water, this setting chilling temperature is generally below 60 ℃ and (is preferably 30～40 ℃).During greater than 60 ℃, the interface becomes vaporized state with splashing into the water boiling that liquation (drop) contacts, and is difficult to bring into play the chilling effect.
To pile up the coccoid 30 of kirsite in the bottom of cooling medium 24.It is reclaimed, after drying machine (rotary drier) 32 dryings, carry out classification and obtain the zinc-containing alloy ball with grader (vibratory sieve) 34.Wherein, classification is to carry out with the mode of the particle diameter that reaches regulation according to the application target of zinc-containing alloy ball.
In addition, the manufacturing approach of zinc-containing alloy ball is not limited to above-mentioned drop comminution granulation.For example, can send gas forth method, centrifugally send method forth, water is sent known method such as method forth, according to separately shape, granularity etc. and suitably select as the zinc-containing alloy ball of target.
Embodiment
Face in order to confirm the effect of first, second invention down, the embodiment that carries out with comparative example describes.
Be respectively corresponding first invention of embodiment 1-1～1-8 and comparative example 1-1～1-6, corresponding second invention of embodiment 2-1～2-3 and comparative example 2-1～2-3.
Each raw material of alloying element uses following each parent metal (ingot).Purity (lower limit) remarks Fe content (allowable upper limit value) with the JIS of each parent metal regulation.In addition, the Fe of " No. 1 copper cash bits " is a presumed value.
The alloying element raw material adds up to: 200kg
The parent metal A that uses (embodiment, the comparative example that do not comprise embodiment 1-6,2-3) ...
Zn: conventional zinc parent metal (JISH2107) 99.97%, Fe:0.01%,
Al: 3 kinds of (JISH2102) 99.00% of aluminum substrate metal, Fe:0.80%,
Cu:1 copper cash bits (JISH2109) 99.87%, Fe:0.01%,
Mg: 2 kinds of (JISH2150) 99.8% of magnesium matrix metal, Fe:0.05%,
The parent metal B that uses (embodiment 1-6,2-3) ...
Zn: conventional zinc parent metal (JISH2107) 99.97%, Fe:0.01%,
Al: special a kind of (JISH2102) 99.90% of aluminum substrate metal, Fe:0.07%,
Cu: cathode copper parent metal (JISH2121) 99.96%, Fe:0.01%,
Mg: a kind of (JISH2150) 99.90% of magnesium matrix metal, Fe:0.01%,
The manufacturing of each alloy pellets is in above-mentioned method shown in Figure 2 (drop comminution granulation), under following condition, to carry out with table 1, the composition shown in 2 as alloy composition.
Melting temperature: about 600 ℃,
Liquation keeps temperature: about 550 ℃,
Cooling medium (water) keeps temperature: about 40 ℃
In addition, representing to form the non-essential element (impurity) obtained in each embodiment and the comparative example by each JIS adds up to and is shown in table 1 (corresponding first invention), table 2 (corresponding second invents) with Fe content.Among comparative example 1-6 and the comparative example 2-3, add Fe and the Fe content that is adjusted to separately becomes 0.35%.
That is, impurity to be aggregated among embodiment 1-1～1-8 and the embodiment 2-1～2-3 be 0.014%～0.092%, in comparative example 1-1～1-6 and comparative example 2-1～2-3, be 0.032～0.378.
And, as example 1 in the past, use each the raw material parent metal 99.9% or more, regulate the sample that the interpolation element set becomes " Al:0.01%, Mn:1.9% ", Vickers hardness: 88HV; As example 2 in the past, regulate adding element is the sample of " Al:0.05%, Mn:4.5% ", Vickers hardness: 129HV.
[table 1]
(％)
After ※ Fe adds
[table 2]
(％)
After ※ Fe adds
Each ball to such manufacturing is measured Vickers hardness.The table of stating after its result is shown in 3,4.
Each embodiment of above-mentioned preparation, the zinc-containing alloy ball of comparative example are carried out each evaluation test of (1) shot-peening and (2) peening.
(1) shot-peening evaluation test
With the zinc-containing alloy ball of being prepared (average grain diameter 1.0mm, a/b are that the ball below 1.2 is more than 70%) 50kg, utilize " the centrifugal grenade instrumentation of DZB type (5HP) " (Xindong Industry Co's system) to neutralize casting parts (case hardness: 100HV) carry out shot-peening and carry out performance evaluation to aluminium alloy with velocity of projection 45m/s.All use following zinc-containing alloy ball, that is, the phenomenon that recrystallizes of the metal structure of the zinc-containing alloy ball that implement to infer drops into becomes fully 8 hours stable preparatory projection, the state of adjustment zinc-containing alloy ball so that with shot-peening operation the becoming state much at one of reality.
Assessment item to corresponding with toughness (resistance to impact) " ball consumption ", with corresponding " the deflashing ability " of bead ability and " polishing and cleaning ability ", carry out as follows.
<ball consumption >
With the amount of using the zinc-containing alloy ball to carry out 8 hours shot-peening and becoming the micro mist loss as " ball consumption ", and by estimating with following benchmark.
◎: smaller or equal to 0.06kg/ (hHP),
Zero: greater than 0.06kg/ (hHP) and smaller or equal to 0.08kg/ (hHP),
△: greater than 0.08kg/ (hHP) and smaller or equal to 0.10kg/ (hHP),
*: greater than 0.10kg/ (hHP).
< deflashing ability >
Estimate with following benchmark.
◎: the shot-peening time with 30 seconds just can be accomplished deflashing, and the result is extremely good,
Zero: with completion deflashing in 60 seconds, the result was good,
△: with completion deflashing in 90 seconds, the result was poor a little,
*: even the shot-peening that carried out 90 seconds can not deflashing, the result is for poor.
< polishing and cleaning ability >
Estimate with following benchmark.
◎: the surface of the article that are processed after the processing silvery white of glittering,
Zero: identical ground is blackout a little,
△: turn black identically.
Its evaluation result is shown in table 3.
[table 3]
Then, the Al addition scope (0.5%～6.5%) to first invention describes.
If Al addition very few (0.5%), though then the consumption of the zinc-containing alloy ball ball of comparative example 1-1 is " zero " less, Vickers hardness is low, so deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability are low, and the overall merit of zinc-containing alloy ball is for omiting " △ " of elementary errors.
The comparative example 1-2 of Al addition too much (greater than 6.5%) and the zinc-containing alloy ball of 1-3, the resistance to impact (toughness) of ball descends owing to the excessive interpolation of Al, and the consumption of ball is many slightly " △ ".And then comparative example 1-2 and 1-3 are owing to the excessive Al that added, so the proportion of zinc-containing alloy ball lightens, though Vickers hardness improves, the zinc-containing alloy ball descends to the impulsive force that is processed article.Therefore, the deflashing ability of comparative example 1-2 and 1-3 and polishing and cleaning ability drop.The overall merit of zinc-containing alloy ball is for omiting " △ " of elementary errors.
The Al addition of first invention: the resistance to impact of the zinc-containing alloy ball of the embodiment 1-1～1-3 in 0.5%～6.5% the scope is high, and the ball consumption is few " ◎ ".Particularly, Vickers hardness is that deflashing ability and polishing and the cleaning ability of zinc-containing alloy ball of above embodiment 1-2 of 130HV and 1-3 is all high, and the overall merit of zinc-containing alloy ball is extremely good " ◎ ".
Cu addition (0.5%～4.0%) to first invention describes.
The consumption of the ball of the zinc-containing alloy ball of the comparative example 1-4 of Cu addition very few (less than 0.5%) is few " ◎ ", but Vickers hardness is low, so polishing and cleaning ability are low, the overall merit of zinc-containing alloy ball is for omiting " △ " of elementary errors.
The Cu addition too much hardness of the zinc-containing alloy ball of the comparative example 1-5 of (greater than 4.5%) is 190HV; Has high hardness as kirsite; Deflashing ability and polishing and cleaning ability are that " ◎ " estimates; But the toughness of ball descends owing to the excessive interpolation of Cu, becomes the ball consumption and increases the result for " △ ".This is that the toughness of zinc-containing alloy ball descends caused owing to be accompanied by the content increase of Cu.
The embodiment 1-1 (Vickers hardness 92HV) that relates to of zinc-containing alloy ball of first invention and example 1 (vickers hardness hv 88) and embodiment 1-2 (Vickers hardness 130HV) in the past and routine 2 (vickers hardness hv 129) Vickers hardness separately in the past much at one, but the deflashing ability of zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention, polishing and cleaning ability excellence.
General kirsite has that the crystallization metal structure changes because of timeliness is carried out again, the tendency of decrease of hardness.In this evaluation test of zinc-containing alloy ball of shot-peening, consider that the state of this ball after recrystallizing just is actual shot-peening mode of operation, thereby implemented 8 hours preparatory projection.Therefore be estimated as because of routine 1,2 zinc-containing alloy ball in the past and compare with zinc-containing alloy ball of the present invention, the rate of descent of hardness is big, so obtained the result of deflashing ability, polishing and cleaning ability.
In addition; With use the situation (embodiment 1-4) of the material of comparison low-purity and highly purified material (embodiment 1-6) to compare as adding the alloy substrate metal; Then used the Vickers hardness step-down a little of situation of the embodiment 1-6 of high-purity material; But the ball consumption is few, has obtained better result.
In addition; The situation that the amount of Fe contained in the zinc-containing alloy ball is few (embodiment 1-4) compares with many situation (comparative example 1-6); The Vickers hardness step-down of the excessive comparative example 1-6 of Fe content as a result then, ball consumption, deflashing ability and polishing and cleaning ability all descend simultaneously.
(2) peening evaluation test
The centrifugal grenade instrumentation of DZB type that the zinc-containing alloy ball of being prepared (average grain diameter 1.0mm) is utilized Xindong Industry Co's system carries out peening with velocity of projection 60m/s to following AC4CH continuous casting material and reaches 300% until coverage rate.
Any assess sample all implement to infer input the zinc-containing alloy ball metal structure recrystallize 8 hours fully stable preparatory projection of phenomenon, the state of adjustment zinc-containing alloy ball with become operate much at one state with actual shot-peening after, carry out peening.The Vickers hardness of the zinc-containing alloy ball after the projection is shown in table 4 in advance.
The thin rectangle test film of the length 17mm of the thickness 5mm of the following processing of peening test use process, width 15mm, parallel portion; Promptly; Be passed through AC4CH cast continuously material and in 520 ℃, carries out liquation processing in 8 hours after; Carry out water-cooled, place after 12 hours, at 160 ℃ of thin rectangle test films that carry out 6 hours Ageing Treatment.
The peening evaluation is that following projects are carried out.
Assessment item is done as follows corresponding with the peening effect " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " and " toughness (resistance to impact) ".
< compressive residual stress rate of change >
Mensuration is from the residual stress of central portion surface to the degree of depth of 0.15mm of the face that is processed of test film, utilizes with respect to the rate of change of the residual stress-100MPa of peening item for disposal not and estimates by following benchmark.
◎: more than 250%,
Zero: more than or equal to 200% and less than 250%,
△: less than 200%.
<ball consumption >
With using the zinc-containing alloy ball to carry out amount that peening became the micro mist loss in 8 hours, estimate according to following benchmark as " ball consumption ".
◎: smaller or equal to 0.06kg/ (hHP),
Zero: greater than 0.06kg/ (hHP) and smaller or equal to 0.08kg/ (hHP),
△: greater than 0.08kg/ (hHP) and smaller or equal to 0.10kg/ (hHP),
*: greater than 0.10kg/ (hHP).
Above " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " " consumption of ball " carried out " synthetic determination ", extremely good situation is evaluated as the situation that ◎, good situation are evaluated as zero, slightly the situation of elementary errors is evaluated as △, difference be evaluated as *.This evaluation result is shown in table 4.
[table 4]
As the zinc-containing alloy ball of the embodiment 1-2～1-5 of the zinc-containing alloy ball of first invention because in advance projection and Vickers hardness descends 27%～45% approximately, thereby Vickers hardness becomes 90～97HV.The addition that can know Al and Cu added up to less than 7.5% o'clock, because the repeated use of zinc-containing alloy ball, the mechanical strength of zinc-containing alloy ball, Vickers hardness descend thereby metal structure recrystallizes.That is, the total of Al and Cu was less than 7.5% o'clock, and the ball that not talkative conduct is used for peening is the most suitable.
Therefore; The zinc-containing alloy ball of embodiment 1-2～1-5 is than the Vickers hardness 104HV that is processed article; The hardness step-down of zinc-containing alloy ball; Can not cause sufficient plastic deformation at the article superficial layer of being processed, thereby become the evaluation of " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " peening effect few " △ " less than 200%.The overall merit of the zinc-containing alloy ball of embodiment 1-2～1-5 becomes slightly " △ " of elementary errors.
Though be that Vickers hardness descends 29%～32% approximately through preparatory projection greater than 7.5% embodiment 1-7 and the zinc-containing alloy ball of 1-8 for the total of zinc-containing alloy ball and Al and Cu of first invention; But the Vickers hardness before the projection is the high rigidity of 180～183HV in advance, and the Vickers hardness after the projection is 122～130HV in advance.Owing to guaranteed the Vickers hardness higher than the Vickers hardness 104HV that is processed article; The zinc-containing alloy ball of acetonideexample 1-6,1-7 can cause sufficient plastic deformation at the article superficial layer of being processed, and becomes the evaluation that " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " is peening effect more than 250% high " ◎ ".The consumption of ball is that few " zero " estimates, and the overall merit of the zinc-containing alloy ball of embodiment 1-7 and 1-8 is good " zero ".
The comparative example 2-1 that relates to second invention is 0.001% of a Mg addition very few (Mg: less than 0.01%).Though added Mg, the effect of the crystallization reaction that is not inhibited again, the Vickers hardness after the projection drops to 92HV (descending 36%) in advance.
Therefore, among the comparative example 2-1, the hardness of zinc-containing alloy ball becomes and is lower than the Vickers hardness 104HV of the article of being processed, and the result becomes " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " peening effect less than 200% few " △ " and estimates.The overall merit of this zinc-containing alloy ball becomes slightly " △ " of elementary errors.
The zinc-containing alloy ball of comparative example 2-2 is 0.3% of a Mg addition too much (greater than 0.2%).Though infer owing to add Mg and separate out the Mg compound at the crystalizing interface of kirsite; The decline of the Vickers hardness after the result throws in advance is suppressed in 3%; Can prevent to recrystallize, become the evaluation of " ball consumption " many " * " but resistance to impact descends.The overall merit of this zinc-containing alloy ball becomes poor " * ".
The addition of Al of the present invention and Cu add up to below 7.5% and the scope of Mg:0.01%～0.2% in the recrystallizing of the metal structure that causes because of repeated use of the zinc-containing alloy ball owing to suppressed of embodiment 2-1～2-3, the decline of the Vickers hardness after the projection is merely about 6%～12% in advance.But the absolute value of its Vickers hardness after the projection is 123～141HV in advance, has guaranteed the abundant high hardness than the Vickers hardness 104HV that is processed article.
Therefore, embodiment 2-1～2-3 can cause sufficient plastic deformation at the article superficial layer of being processed, and becomes the evaluation that " the raising rate of compressive residual stress " is peening effect more than 250% high " ◎ ".In addition, because the decline of the resistance to impact brought of Mg is in controllable interpolation scope, so become " ball consumption " evaluation for few " ◎ " (embodiment 2-1,2-3), few " zero " (embodiment 2-2).The overall merit of this zinc-containing alloy ball is extremely good ◎ (embodiment 2-3), zero good (embodiment 2-1 and 2-2).
Explanation by the foregoing description can know that the zinc-containing alloy ball of each embodiment that first invention and second invention relate to can have high rigidity (more than the 100HV) and the high tenacity that zinc-containing alloy ball in the past is difficult to obtain concurrently.
The stress ability of the giving when deflashing of the shot-peening in the actual processing, polishing and cleaning ability and peening can be improved tremendously, and the consumption that can have ball concurrently reduces that the cost that brings reduces and the dust growing amount reduces the effect of improving of the operating environment that brings.And, do not contain Mn that belongs to PRTR system object etc.
In addition; To use the situation (embodiment 2-1) of the material of comparison low-purity and high-purity material (embodiment 2-3) to compare as the alloying element additive; Then used Vickers hardness, the Vickers hardness and the residual compression stress after the preparatory projection of the situation of high-purity material high a little; In addition, the ball consumption is few, can access better result.
In addition; The situation that the amount of contained Fe is few in the zinc-containing alloy ball (embodiment 2-1) is compared with many situation (comparative example 2-3); Vickers hardness, residual compression stress after the Vickers hardness of the comparative example 2-3 that then Fe content is high, the preparatory projection are all low, and overall merit is " * ".
In addition, the comparative example 2-3 that the Mg addition surpasses excessive (0.2%) compares with embodiment 2-2, and it is big a little to become residual compression stress, but the result that the ball consumption descends.Think that this is because the toughness of zinc-containing alloy ball descends caused along with the excessive interpolation of Mg.
Symbol description
12... ingot (parent metal)
14... crucible
16... liquation
18... liquation keeps container
22... splash into nozzle
24... cooling medium (water)
32... drying machine
34... grader
Claims (26)
1. zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; Be as adding the zinc-containing alloy ball that element contains the three component system of Al:0.5～6.5 quality %, Cu:0.5～4.5 quality %; The quality ratio of components Al/Cu of said Al and Cu is 1.0～13.0, to add up to Al+Cu be 1.5～10.5 quality % to addition, and Vickers hardness is 90～190HV0.05.
2. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the element in the said zinc-containing alloy ball beyond contained said three compositions, and promptly the total content of non-essential element is below the 0.5 quality %, and Fe content is below the 0.3 quality %.
3. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, each purity of said interpolation element al and Cu is more than the 99.9 quality %, and, the adding up to below 0.02% of the content of said non-essential element.
4. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the surface treatment of the nonferrous metal goods that are used for being formed by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy.
5. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 4 is characterized in that, is as adding the zinc-containing alloy ball that element contains the three component system of Al:3.0～6.0 quality %, Cu:1.0～3.0 quality %.
6. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the deflashing surface treatment of the nonferrous metal goods that are used for forming by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy, and Vickers hardness is 130～154HV0.05.
7. a zinc-containing alloy ball is characterized in that, is the zinc-containing alloy ball that contains the four-component system of Al:0.5～6.5 quality %, Cu:0.5～4.5 quality %, Mg:0.01～0.2 quality % as the interpolation element,
The quality ratio of components Al/Cu of said Al and Cu is 1.0～13.0, to add up to Al+Cu be 1.5～8.0 quality % to addition, and Vickers hardness is 90～190HV0.05.
8. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the content of contained said four-component non-essential element in addition is below the 0.5 quality % in the said zinc-containing alloy ball, and the content of Fe is below the 0.3 quality %.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described zinc-containing alloy balls, it is characterized in that each purity of said interpolation element al, Cu and Mg is more than the 99.9 quality %, and the adding up to below 0.02% of the content of said non-essential element.
10. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the surface treatment of the nonferrous metal goods that are used for being formed by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy.
11. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 10 is characterized in that, is as adding the zinc-containing alloy ball that element contains the four-component system of Al:3.0～5.0 quality %, Cu:1.0～3.0 quality %, Mg:0.01～0.2 quality %.
12. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the deflashing surface treatment of the nonferrous metal goods that are used for forming by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy, and Vickers hardness is 140～150HV0.05.
13. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the peening surface treatment of the nonferrous metal goods that are used for forming by acieral, zinc-containing alloy or magnesium base alloy, and Vickers hardness is 140～150HV0.05.
14., it is characterized in that the average grain diameter of particle is 0.1～3mm according to each described zinc-containing alloy ball in the claim 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13.
15. the manufacturing approach of a zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; Be the manufacturing approach of each described zinc-containing alloy ball in the claim 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13, wherein, will pass through the molten metal that makes fusion and splash into the operation in the cooling mediums such as water; The operation of in this cooling medium, solidifying, piling up, the operation of make that this solidifies, deposit the is dry and coccoid that obtains carries out classification and make.
16. the manufacturing approach of zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; Be the manufacturing approach of the described zinc-containing alloy ball of claim 14, wherein, will pass through the molten metal that makes fusion and splash into the operation in the cooling mediums such as water; The operation of in this cooling medium, solidifying, piling up, the operation of make that this solidifies, deposit the is dry and coccoid that obtains carries out classification and make.
17. zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; It is the zinc-containing alloy ball that utilizes the described manufacturing approach of claim 15 to make; Wherein, with the length of the length direction of the particle of zinc-containing alloy ball be made as a, in the time of will being made as b with the maximum diameter of the direction of said length direction quadrature, the a/b of the ball more than 60% is in 1.0～1.2 scope.
18. zinc-containing alloy ball; It is characterized in that; It is the zinc-containing alloy ball that utilizes the described manufacturing approach of claim 16 to make; Wherein, with the length direction length of the particle of zinc-containing alloy ball be made as a, in the time of will being made as b with the maximum diameter of the direction of said length direction quadrature, the a/b of the ball more than 60% is in 1.0～1.2 scope.
19., it is characterized in that the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm according to claim 7 or 12 described zinc-containing alloy balls.
20. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm.
21. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 17 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm.
22. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 18 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm.
23. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 19 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～0.6mm.
24. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～0.6mm.
25. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 21 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm.
26. zinc-containing alloy ball according to claim 22 is characterized in that, the average grain diameter of particle is 0.3～2.0mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009250356 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| JP2009-250356 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2010/064443 WO2011052287A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-26 | Zinc-based alloy shots |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102574274A true CN102574274A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102574274B CN102574274B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120294756A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5007776B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101237904B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102574274B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012007528A2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201125987A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011052287A1 (en) |
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| CN103225027A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-31 | 戴国水 | Zinc alloy |
| CN107699740A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-16 | 广州番禺于金属加工有限公司 | A kind of kirsite and preparation method thereof and key billet |
| CN108779516A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-11-09 | 昌原大学校产学协力团 | Zn-Al alloy and preparation method thereof with directionality crystal grain |
| CN110306081A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-08 | 空中客车防卫和太空有限责任公司 | The method of ejection medium, injecting-unit and preparation method thereof and injecting-unit |
| CN110769978A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-02-07 | 新东工业株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy pellet and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN110799305A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-02-14 | 新东工业株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy pellet and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN113333766A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-03 | 广东长信精密设备有限公司 | Automatic change pelletization device |
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| JP2012125900A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-05 | Sintokogio Ltd | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| JP5787215B2 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-09-30 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| US9528804B2 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-12-27 | Amick Family Revocable Living Trust | Ballistic zinc alloys, firearm projectiles, and firearm ammunition containing the same |
| CN107155318B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2020-03-31 | 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 | Polishing method |
| JP5939339B2 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2016-06-22 | 新東工業株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy shot |
| FR3040013B1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-02-23 | Safran Aircraft Engines | METHOD FOR COMPACTING AN ANTI-CORROSION PAINT OF A TURBOMACHINE PIECE |
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- 2010-08-26 WO PCT/JP2010/064443 patent/WO2011052287A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-26 BR BR112012007528A patent/BR112012007528A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-08-26 JP JP2011538293A patent/JP5007776B2/en active Active
- 2010-08-26 KR KR1020127007236A patent/KR101237904B1/en active IP Right Grant
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| CN103225027A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-31 | 戴国水 | Zinc alloy |
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| CN108779516A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-11-09 | 昌原大学校产学协力团 | Zn-Al alloy and preparation method thereof with directionality crystal grain |
| CN110769978A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-02-07 | 新东工业株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy pellet and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN110799305A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-02-14 | 新东工业株式会社 | Zinc-based alloy pellet and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN107699740A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-16 | 广州番禺于金属加工有限公司 | A kind of kirsite and preparation method thereof and key billet |
| CN110306081A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-08 | 空中客车防卫和太空有限责任公司 | The method of ejection medium, injecting-unit and preparation method thereof and injecting-unit |
| CN113333766A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-03 | 广东长信精密设备有限公司 | Automatic change pelletization device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101237904B1 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
| US20120294756A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
| JPWO2011052287A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
| TW201125987A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
| WO2011052287A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| TWI379012B (en) | 2012-12-11 |
| CN102574274B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
| JP5007776B2 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
| BR112012007528A2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
| KR20120098999A (en) | 2012-09-06 |
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