CN1025708C - Coating agent prescription for tobacco seed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a formula of a coating agent for a tobacco seed, which uses talcum powder and bentonite as basic raw materials, adds an adhesive agent and adds trace elements, compound fertilizer, plant growth regulators and pesticides for preventing and treating insect pest as auxiliary materials which are lacked by soil of seeding areas; after being ground and sieved, the basic raw materials, the adhesive agent and the auxiliary materials are put in a coating machine to coat the seed at the time of spraying the adhesive agent. The coated seed has the advantages of large particle size, good adhesiveness of coating layer, smooth surface, good pellet performance and simple particle efficiency of 98%; after being sown, the coated seed has high rooting and germinating speed and strong inset pest resistant capability.

Description

Coating agent prescription for tobacco seed

The invention belongs to a kind of crop seeds processing method prior to seeding, mainly is to be used for tobacco seed is carried out Cotton seeds, and sowing is even, a saving of labor plants in province to reach, the good effect of emerging.

Tobacco seed is tiny, and 1 gram has 12000～15000, make sowing evenly, does not waste seed, and is very difficult.Every mu of field planting only needs 1000～1200 strains, as long as 0.12～0.3 gram seed.But generally in the sowing process, all sow to exceed 20～50 times of actual requirement.Both caused the waste of cigarette kind, and owing to broadcast overstockedly, made the cigarette seedling thin and delicate again, and striven fertile giving prominence to, it is irregular to emerge, and must just can cultivate strong sprout through the repeatedly thinning of taking turns.Increase peasant's the recruitment of growing seedlings, prolonged cigarette seedling finishing period, also just influenced links such as in good time transplanting, harvesting, baking certainly.In recent years, various in order to make crop seeds increase the fast seed coating technology of ability, germinating growth of disease and insect resistance, be employed gradually.As the dressing of tobacco seed, except that have require with the similar purpose of other seed, very important one side is the size that increases seed grain, the uniformity of control sowing does not need thinning repeatedly after emerging easily, makes the healthy and strong growth in impregnable environment of cigarette seedling.But because the tobacco seed seed is very tiny, except that the art for coating difficulty greatly, preparation to the dressing raw material just has its specific (special) requirements, and the soil used of dressing especially is the basis that seed can germinating growth, general soil can satisfy the germinating growth requirement, but want to make the pill of seed pelleting good, adhesion strength is strong, makes its good water absorption again, deliquescence is fast, is impossible.The selection of dressing soil is just very difficult.Domestic relatively success be that Jiangsu Province's soil is succeeded in developing, employing attapulgite is a primary raw material, the fertilizer, somatotropin etc. that are equipped with medicine, the seed sprouting growth of talcum powder, carboxymethyl cellulose and prevention and elimination of disease and pests are made cigarette kind dressing compound, and the machine dressing is gone up in layering respectively.Capsuled seed weight behind the dressing generally reaches 20～40 times of cigarette kind weight.This seed coating medicine is raw materials used, limits except the attapulgite as primary raw material is subjected to the place of production, and all the other raw materials all can be bought on market.Therefore, some do not have the place of attapulgite raw material, all will arrive Jiangsu and buy.As Yunnan or the close tobacco leaf producing region of other situation that distance Jiangsu number is from afar, raw material to be transported in user's hand, the per kilogram attapulgite is worth and reaches more than 1 yuan.Cost height not only, and can not make capsuled seed on time, beginning sowing in good time by the climate and other natural phenomena of a season is restricted.Influenced cigarette kind nursery effect, so the overall process of leaf tobacco production.

The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of composition of raw materials of making the tobacco seed seed coating medicine,, reach and reduce the dressing cost, guarantee the purpose of beginning sowing in good time for the cigarette district that does not possess attapulgite place of production condition provides a kind of new method of preparing cigarette kind seed coating medicine.

The scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:

Coating agent prescription for tobacco seed is to be base stock with the essential soil of talcum powder and seed sprouting growth, add adhesive, and the trace element that in the regional soil of sowing, needs increase of joining, compound fertilizer, the relevant agricultural chemicals of somatotropin and prevention and elimination of disease and pests is an auxiliary material, in them, the solid that granularity is bigger, after processing is sieved, according to interior, in, the effect requirement of outer three layers of dressing batching, be mixed with basic compound, liquid agricultural chemicals, nutriment and somatotropin, by them and the proportionate relationship of grain weight, the same adhesive for preparing in advance mixes, and does fully to use in the dressing process in advance.They are taken up in order of priority insert in the dressing machine, layering is wrapped on the seed, becomes spherical particle; Main points are that the base stock of seed coating medicine adopts bentonite and talcum powder, sieve through attrition process, again by interior, in, the proportionate relationship of outer three layers of dressing batching is formulated; In expect substantially in the middle level of preparation, add through solid powders such as composite fertilizer that processing is sieved, trace element, root-inducing powder, agricultural chemicals, mix.

According to the requirement of each layer batching, choose the internal layer coating material by the component of bentonite 15～25%, talcum powder 75～85%; Component by additives 5% such as bentonite 35～45%, talcum powder 50～60%, other nutriments is chosen middle material, and comprise borax 0.6%, zinc fertilizer 0.4%, composite fertilizer 1.5%, potassium nitrate 1.5%, ABT root-inducing powder 1% in the component of the additives such as nutrients 5% that add, choose outer batching by the component of bentonite 35～45%, talcum powder 55～65%.

According to interior, in, outer three layers of seed coating medicine are to the difference of seed role, the proportionate relationship that interior layered material is prepared burden than the outer dressing of middle level dressing charge ratio is 6: 2: 2.The liquid auxin, nutrient solution and the agricultural chemicals that use in the batching of seed coating medicine middle level, after choosing in the ratio of the grain weight of required dressing and their normal usage amount, mix with carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution again, in the dressing process of middle level, progressively spray into and carry out dressing as adhesive.Carboxymethyl cellulose dilutes dissolving in 80 ℃ of warm water, 2 hours before use, it was standby to be made into 2% the aqueous solution.

The mixed liquor of above-mentioned each that get ready layer materials, adhesive, liquid somatotropin, agricultural chemicals and adhesive is respectively as using in each layer dressing operation.Internal layer coating is mainly as the particle that increases pelleted seed, avoids seed directly to contact with fertilizer with the agricultural chemicals in middle level simultaneously and damages seed.Contain nutrition that needs after seed sprouting takes root and the medicament of eliminating sick parasitosis bacterium in the dressing of middle level, make seed after germination is taken root, in the environment of favourable its life, grow immediately.The effect of outer dressing is scattering and disappearing of the nutriment that prevents to add in the middle level, medicament, reinforces the intensity and the smoothness of dressing simultaneously.

Earlier seed is inserted in the dressing machine, on seed, spray into slurry, it is evenly distributed, progressively interior layered material is slowly put into the dressing machine again and wrap up, and then the bag middle level, last encrust.In the dressing process, often spray into slurry equably, suitably be split into the oversized particles of ball difference with hand rubbing, wrap up repeatedly, it is even promptly to become balling-up, ganoid flue-cured tobacco capsuled seed.Can supply with the tobacco grower after drying uses.

Advantage of the present invention is that the dressing for the cigarette kind has increased a kind of new basic components, solved the problem of some cigarette district cigarette kind dressing raw material difficulties, reduced cost, can provide dressing cigarette kind to the peasant in good time, the dressing pull-out capacity is strong, smooth surface, balling-up is good, empirical tests has a rate to account for 99%, and the simple grain rate accounts for 98%, meets water-splitting generally in 2 minutes, after the use, germination rate is 91.5%, and these indexs are the seed coating medicine of basic material a little more than attapulgite all, wherein meets damp lytic effect and compares more much better than technology.

Provide one embodiment of the present of invention below:

The processing of seed coating medicine raw material and choosing: select for use whiteness to be not less than 85% talcum powder, dry, grind standby through the above sieve of 300 orders, bentonite drying, grinding, through the above sieve of 250 orders, borax, zinc fertilizer, composite fertilizer, potassium nitrate etc. grind after the above sieve of 200 orders is standby as the solid-state additive in the seed coating medicine of middle level.According to the requirement of the multiple of the size of capsuled seed and former seed or weight, calculate the seed coating medicine aggregate demand according to seed meter, calculate the quantity of various raw materials in every layer consumption and the every layer of seed coating medicine again by each layer dressing and total amount proportionate relationship.

According to the aforementioned calculation result, the interior layered material of preparation earlier.Promptly be 80% ratio, prepare 60% the internal layer compound that accounts for the seed coating medicine total amount by bentonite 20%, talcum powder.Prepare middle material once more, press the component preparation middle level compound of bentonite 40%, talcum powder 55%, borax 0.6%, zinc fertilizer 0.4%, composite fertilizer 1.5%, potassium nitrate 1.5%, ABT root-inducing powder 1%, it accounts for 20% in the seed coating medicine total amount.Prepare outer compound again, choose bentonite and talcum powder in 40% and 60% ratio, mix, constitute outer layered material, make its weight account for 20% of the total materials of dressing, if to the cigarette kind dressing of several kinds, difference for convenience, add the active powder dyestuff of different colours outside in the layered material, make the outward appearance of capsuled seed that obvious characteristic be arranged, in order to avoid obscure.

Secondly, dissolved concentration and be 2% carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution in 80 ℃ hot water as adhesive, dressing was got ready in preceding 2 hours.The carbendazim of joining the BR-120 growth regulator of 10ml and 400ml by the per kilogram seed weight is that 2% carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution mixes standby with aforesaid concentration again.Adhesive consumption generally should account for 15～20% of three layers of dressing raw material consumption.

Dressing balling-up operation is to carry out in the dressing machine.Earlier seed is inserted in the dressing machine, in the operation of a machine process, spray into the adhesive for preparing in right amount, make the uniform adhesive bonding agent of the surface of the seed, interior layered material is slowly added, the limit is reinforced, and stir on the limit, rubs with the hands with have gentle hands in case of necessity, and agglomerate is wherein separated.When proceeding to 80% of this layer compound so repeatedly and having wrapped on the seed, taking-up is sieved, and too small continuing inserted in the machine, and the interior layered material with remaining 20% adds, and spray adhesive carries out dressing simultaneously, up to wrapping up.The pelleted seed that will before filter out is inserted in the machine together at last, allows them move in the dressing machine, further strengthens the tack of coatings.Its two, wrapped the coatings of internal layer seed after, the adhesive that is mixed with BR-120 growth regulator and carbendazim is progressively sprayed on the pelleted seed surface in machine, and be interrupted to add the middle level compound lentamente, carries out the parcel of middle level dressing.The middle level dressing finishes, and is same when spraying into adhesive, outer layered material added carry out outer dressing.About extremely outer layered material spent half of it, taking-up was sieved, and little inserting continues reinforced parcel in the machine.Outer compound has all wrapped, and the pelleted seed that stayed before sieving is all poured in the machine again, rolls together about 15 minutes, dressing is strengthened, smooth surface.Taking-up is dried, and can hand over peasant's seeding and seedling raising to use.

This seed coating medicine has adopted bentonite with soil, gathers materials on the spot in the place that conveniently has this soil resource, solves cigarette kind dressing problem, has reduced cost, has guaranteed to sow by the climate and other natural phenomena of a season in good time.The high levels that performance, seed root, the tobacco seedling growth effect all reaches the tobacco breeding technical field such as the pill of pelleted seed, the intensity of coatings, the damp cracking of chance.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of coating agent prescription for tobacco seed, with talcum powder and the essential soil of seed sprouting growth is base stock, add adhesive, and the relevant agricultural chemicals of trace element, compound fertilizer, somatotropin and the prevention and elimination of disease and pests that need increase of joining is an auxiliary material in the regional soil of sowing; In them, the solid that granularity is bigger, after processing is sieved, according to interior, in, the effect requirement of outer three layers of dressing batching, be mixed with basic compound, liquid agricultural chemicals, additive such as nutriment and somatotropin, by them and the proportionate relationship of grain weight, the same adhesive for preparing in advance mixes, and does fully to use in the dressing process in advance, they are taken up in order of priority insert in the dressing machine, layering is wrapped on the seed, becomes spherical particle, it is characterized in that the base stock of seed coating medicine adopts bentonite and talcum powder, sieve through attrition process, in pressing again, in, the proportionate relationship of outer three layers of dressing batching is formulated; In expect substantially in the middle level of preparation, add through solid powders such as composite fertilizer that processing is sieved, trace element, root-inducing powder, agricultural chemicals, mix.

2, coating agent prescription for tobacco seed according to claim 1 is characterized in that choosing the internal layer coating material according to the requirement of each layer batching by the component of bentonite 15～25%, talcum powder 75～85%; Choose middle level dressing batching by the component of bentonite 35～45%, talcum powder 50～60%, other nutriment additive 5%, and 5% comprises that borax 0.6%, zinc fertilizer 0.4%, composite fertilizer 1.5%, potassium nitrate 1.5%, ABT root-inducing powder respectively are 1% in the component, chooses outer dressing batching by the component of bentonite 35～45%, talcum powder 55～65%.

3, coating agent prescription for tobacco seed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that according to interior, in, outer three layers of seed coating medicine are to the difference of seed role, the proportionate relationship of the outer dressing batching of internal layer coating charge ratio middle level dressing charge ratio is 6: 2: 2.

4, coating agent prescription for tobacco seed according to claim 1 and 2, the liquid auxin, nutrient solution and the agricultural chemicals that it is characterized in that use in the dressing batching of seed coating medicine middle level, after choosing in the ratio of the grain weight of required dressing and their normal usage amount, mix with carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution again, in the dressing process of middle level, progressively spray into and carry out dressing as adhesive.