CN102561429B - 一种平地机电控操控方法 - Google Patents

一种平地机电控操控方法 Download PDF

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CN102561429B
CN102561429B CN201010593873.XA CN201010593873A CN102561429B CN 102561429 B CN102561429 B CN 102561429B CN 201010593873 A CN201010593873 A CN 201010593873A CN 102561429 B CN102561429 B CN 102561429B
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曾卫东
潘亚敏
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Shanxi Guoli Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种装载机,尤其涉及一种平地机电控操控方法,它至少包括装载机的平铲斗、平地机体、操作机构和举升机构,平铲斗通过平地臂与平地机体连接,平地臂包括左、右臂,左、右臂上有活动关节,其特征是:左、右臂分别连接有电动缸伸缩臂,电动缸与平地机体固定,电动缸与操作机构电连接,由操作机构控制左、右臂的电动缸工作,伸缩电动缸的推杆使平铲斗举升、降落和平铲斗翻转。它提供了一种平地机电控操控方法,以解决现有装载机驱动系统所带来的安装不方便、传动效率低、使用寿命低、运行噪音大、可靠性低的技术问题。

Description

一种平地机电控操控方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装载机,尤其涉及一种平地机电控操控方法。
背景技术
平地机的平斗通过平地臂与平地机体连接,平地臂由左、右臂构成,左、右臂上有活动关节,左、右臂分别连接有油缸机构,通过控制机构控制三个油缸机构的伸缩使平铲斗举升、降落和平铲斗翻转。
但现有液压系统存在以下问题:
1、液压管路连接复杂且易产生漏油以及系统安装不方便。
2、液压传动效率低,所以电瓶叉车一般都采用单独的电机来驱动液压泵。由于液压泵的工作原理与制作工艺使得系统的工作效率较低,造成能源的浪费。
3、液压系统带来装载机整体的效率下降、可靠性降低、运行噪音大、能耗增加,制造成本高,系统复杂安装难度大。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种平地机电控操控方法,以解决现有装载机驱动系统所带来的安装不方便、传动效率低、使用寿命低、运行噪音大、可靠性低的技术问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,一种平地机电控操控方法,它至少包括装载机的平铲斗、平地机体、操作机构和举升机构,平铲斗通过平地臂与平地机体连接,平地臂包括左、右臂,左、右臂上有活动关节,其特征是:左、右臂分别连接有电动缸伸缩臂,电动缸与平地机体固定,电动缸与操作机构电连接,由操作机构控制左、右臂的电动缸工作,伸缩电动缸的推杆使平铲斗举升、降落和平铲斗翻转。
所述的电动缸包括电动机、齿轮副、齿轮箱、传动轴、传动轴承和推杆,电动机通过变速器或直接连接齿轮副,齿轮副固定在齿轮箱内,齿轮副同时连接传动轴,传动轴与传动轴承轴承连接,齿轮副使传动轴和电动机轴构成平行结构;电动缸与平地机体的操作机构连接,通过操作机构控制推杆启动、停止、伸出、缩回,使平地臂带动平铲斗举升。
所述的电动缸包括电动机、传动轴、传动轴承和推杆,电动机、传动轴、传动轴承和推杆在一条轴线上,电动机通过变速器带动传动轴转动,传动轴固定在传动轴承内,推杆随着电动机轴转动伸出或缩回,工作时,电动缸与平地机体的操作机构连接,通过操作机构控制推杆启动、停止、伸出、缩回,使平地臂带动平铲斗举升。
所述的电动缸内有角度传感器;角度传感器是磁感应传感器或光电传感器,角度传感器的输出信号送入操作机构;操作机构驱动执行机构确保电动缸的推杆伸缩位置,达到控制平铲斗的升高位置。
本发明具有的优点是:
1、本发明由于整个驱动系统采用多个电机分别驱动和控制,使得系统效率高,且系统在不提升时几乎不消耗能量。
2、本发明的电动滚珠丝杠缸具有工作行程与工作速度精确可控、可靠性高、不会产生漏油、系统安装方便的优点。采用滚珠丝杠副或滑动丝杠副进行运动转换,具有转换效率高、使用寿命长的优点。
3、本发明的电动滚珠丝杠缸运行噪音低,对环境无污染。制造成本低。
4、本发明的电动滚珠丝杠缸具有制造的一致性好、便于更换维修的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1结构示意图;
图2是电动缸结构示意图。
图中:1、平铲斗;2、平地机体;3、平地臂;4、左电动缸;5、右电动缸;6、电动缸伸缩臂;7、推杆;8、齿轮箱; 9、电动缸;10、变速器; 11、电动机;12、传动轴;13、传动轴承;14、齿轮副;15、操作机构。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示,它至少包括装载机的平铲斗1、平地机体2、操作机构15和操作机构15,平铲斗1通过平地臂3与平地机体2连接,平地臂3包括左、右臂,分布在平地机体2的左、右位置,左、右臂上有活动关节,左、右臂分别连接有电动缸9伸缩臂推杆7,电动缸9缸体的与平地机体2固定,左、右的电动缸9分别与操作机构15电连接,由操作机构15控制左、右臂的电动缸9工作,伸缩电动缸9的推杆7使平铲斗1举升、降落和平铲斗翻转。
如图2所示,电动缸9包括电动机11、齿轮副14、齿轮箱8、传动轴12、传动轴承13和推杆7,电动机11通过变速器或直接连接齿轮副14,齿轮副14固定在齿轮箱8内,齿轮副14同时连接传动轴12,传动轴12与传动轴承13轴承连接,齿轮副14使传动轴12和电动机11轴构成平行结构;电动缸9与平地机体2的操作机构15连接,通过操作机构15控制推杆7启动、停止、伸出、缩回,使平地臂带动平铲斗举升。
电动缸内有角度传感器;角度传感器是磁感应传感器或光电传感器,角度传感器的输出信号送入操作机构15;操作机构15驱动执行机构确保电动缸的推杆7伸缩位置,达到控制平铲斗的升高位置。
实施例2
电动缸9包括电动机11、传动轴12、传动轴承13和推杆7,电动机11、传动轴12、传动轴承13和推杆7在一条轴线上,电动机11通过变速器带动传动轴12转动,传动轴12固定在传动轴承13内,推杆7随着电动机11轴转动伸出或缩回,工作时,电动缸9与平地机体2的操作机构15连接,通过操作机构15控制推杆7启动、停止、伸出、缩回,使平地臂带动平铲斗举升。
本发明中,电动缸9包括左电动缸4和右电动缸5,左电动缸4和右电动缸5分别在左、右臂上。
一个完整的电动缸应包括动力控制机构、位置反馈机构、执行机构和刹车系统;动力控制机构包括电机及电机控制系统;位置反馈机构包括与电机轴同轴设置的磁感应传感器;磁感应传感器的输出信号送入电机控制系统;执行机构包括转动组件和平移组件;转动组件包括轴承室、丝杠、设置在轴承室内的两个压力轴承;丝杠的一端设置有外螺纹,其另一端与齿轮副中的一个齿轮轴同轴固连,其中部圆周侧面上设置与丝杠轴心方向垂直的限位轴台;限位轴台设置在轴承室内,两个轴承分别设置在限位轴台的轴向两边;平移组件包括限位座、设置在限位座内的执行杆、可与丝杠组合成滚珠丝杠副或滑动丝杠副的螺母;执行杆的伸出端设置有连接头,执行杆的另一端设置有盲孔,螺母嵌于盲孔内,限位座上设置有可供执行杆轴向移动的中心孔;电机连同齿轮副固定在轴承室的一侧面,限位座固定在轴承室的另一侧面;刹车系统包括与电机或丝杠同轴固的刹车盘以及可抱死刹车盘的刹车片,制动盘和制动片组成制动抱闸。在中心孔和执行杆间可设置耐磨衬套,耐磨衬套采用石墨尼龙材料制备。
如果执行杆的伸出端没有被限制转动,则需要在执行杆的圆周侧面设置两个外凸的限位块;同时在限位座上设置可供两个限位块沿轴向滑动的两个限位槽;此时限位座还需要设置两个用于密闭限位槽的盖板。限位块为方形凸块或半圆球形凸块。
限位轴台轴向两边的轴承可采用推力轴承、向心轴承。
为了密封,在执行杆(推杆7)伸出端和限位座相应端部之间可设置油封。

Claims (1)

1.一种平地机电控操控方法,它至少包括装载机的平铲斗、平地机体、操作机构和举升机构,平铲斗通过平地臂与平地机体连接,平地臂包括左、右臂,左、右臂上有活动关节,其特征是:左、右臂分别连接有电动缸伸缩臂,电动缸与平地机体固定,电动缸与操作机构电连接,由操作机构控制左、右臂的电动缸工作,伸缩电动缸的推杆使平铲斗举升、降落和平铲斗翻转;所述的电动缸包括电动机、齿轮副、齿轮箱、传动轴、传动轴承和推杆,电动机通过变速器或直接连接齿轮副,齿轮副固定在齿轮箱内,齿轮副同时连接传动轴,传动轴与传动轴承连接,齿轮副使传动轴和电动机轴构成平行结构;电动缸与平地机体的操作机构连接,通过操作机构控制推杆启动、停止、伸出、缩回,使平地臂带动平铲斗举升;所述的电动缸内有角度传感器;角度传感器是磁感应传感器或光电传感器,角度传感器的输出信号送入操作机构;操作机构驱动执行机构确保电动缸的推杆伸缩位置,达到控制平铲斗的升高位置;推杆圆周侧面设置两个外凸的限位块。
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CN1401895A (zh) * 2002-09-13 2003-03-12 甘肃工业大学 双作用四柱塞液体压力输送泵
CN101761100A (zh) * 2009-11-25 2010-06-30 李新桥 一种双铲斗挖掘机械手
CN202081438U (zh) * 2010-12-17 2011-12-21 陕西国力信息技术有限公司 一种平地机电控操控装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3617673A1 (de) * 1986-05-26 1987-12-10 Fritz Hildebrandt Hydraulik-bagger
CN1401895A (zh) * 2002-09-13 2003-03-12 甘肃工业大学 双作用四柱塞液体压力输送泵
CN101761100A (zh) * 2009-11-25 2010-06-30 李新桥 一种双铲斗挖掘机械手
CN202081438U (zh) * 2010-12-17 2011-12-21 陕西国力信息技术有限公司 一种平地机电控操控装置

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Denomination of invention: A motor grader control method

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