CN102551810B - Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device and method - Google Patents
Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device and method. The multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device comprises a laser, a multi-element ultrasonic detector, a front amplification circuit and a data imaging processing unit, wherein the data imaging processing unit comprises a plurality of field programmable gate array (FPGA) acquisition cards, a clock synchronous board card, a programmable communication interface (PCI) extensions for instrumentation express (PXIe) backboard and a central processing unit (CPU) board card, and can be used for realizing acquisition processing for at least 32 paths of synchronous photoacoustic signals. The multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging method comprises the following steps that: the multi-element ultrasonic detector receives the photoacoustic signals produced by laser irradiation on a biological tissue, amplifies the photoacoustic signals and respectively transmits the signals to the FPGA acquisition cards; and each FPGA acquisition card performs preprocessing, deconvolution, continuous wavelet transformation and photoacoustic attenuation compensation on the signals, then transmits the signals to another FPGA acquisition card in a peer-to-peer (P2P) manner, performs imaging processing by adopting a 2-D (two-dimensional) filtration back-projection algorithm, and finally transmits the structure to an upper computer. The method is finished on an FPGA processor; according to a modular design, the expansion of the large-scale detector is simplified; and the device and the method are favorable for clinical application of photoacoustic imaging systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photoacoustic imaging research field, particularly a kind of Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device and method.
Background technology
Photoacoustic imaging has become a large focus of Medical image technology research at present, and photoacoustic imaging is the Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of a kind of unionized and Noninvasive, can reflect architectural feature, metabolism state and the characteristics of lesion of biological tissue.It combines the advantage of pure optical imagery and ultra sonic imaging, can obtain mechanics of biological tissue and the functional imaging of high-resolution and high-contrast.And photoacoustic imaging can combine with ultra sonic imaging easily, provide multi-functional diagnostic imaging.
Photoacoustic imaging system has experienced from the collection of unit collection, multiple phase control, multichannel switching collection, the design process of multi-channel synchronous parallel acquisition, and acquisition time has shortened widely.But because current imaging system is all that the data that collect are processed by certain imaging algorithm at host computer, so imaging time is subject to the restriction of the processing speed of host computer.
Application number be CN200610035700.X Patent Application Publication method and the device thereof of multi-channel electronic parallel scanning photoacoustic real-time tomo graphic-imaging.This device comprises laser instrument, high-density array ultrasonic transducer, multi-channel electronic parallel scanning circuit, computer.Multi-channel electronic parallel scanning circuit comprises time gain amplifier, second order signal filtering, AD conversion, FPGA date processing, and the date processing of FPGA comprises the impulse response of detector, digital filtering, and dynamic focusing multi-beam numeral is synthetic.The method is easy to operate, control also fairly simple, employing multi-beam is synthetic, resolution and signal to noise ratio have been improved, can realize tomography, but still there are some shortcomings: 1, imaging algorithm is to complete at host computer, greatly reduces the processing speed of computer, cannot complete from collecting the real-time of imaging; 2, owing to adopting independently board to carry out acquisition process, between board, there is no communication capacity, therefore cannot complete multichannel board expansion, for large-scale multichannel (being at least 256 passages) acquisition process, can only take the mode of array element switching, greatly reduce the processing speed of imaging.
Therefore, a kind of multichannel need to be provided and digitized opto-acoustic imaging devices and method can be synchronously carried out in real time.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is that the shortcoming that overcomes prior art is with not enough, a kind of Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device is provided, this device is made simplicity of design, stability is high, the handling capacity of data is large, transfer rate and bandwidth high, apply more flexible.The present invention also provides a kind of formation method based on above-mentioned Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device.
One object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: a kind of Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device, comprise laser instrument, the polynary ultrasonic detector, pre-amplification circuit and the data imaging processing unit that are connected successively, described laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, then by polynary ultrasonic detector, photoacoustic signal is converted to voltage signal, then amplifies and be sent to data imaging processing unit through pre-amplification circuit;
Described data imaging processing unit comprises several FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array) capture card, PXIe(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation Express, PCI expansion towards instrument system) backboard, CPU board card and clock synchronous board, each FPGA capture card is all connected with pre-amplification circuit signal; Described PXIe backboard comprises PCIe/PCI connection-bridge, PCIe exchanger, connection and communication for CPU board card, FPGA capture card, between described CPU board card and FPGA capture card, by PCIe exchanger, carry out transfer of data, each FPGA capture card sticks into Serial Communication by PXIe bus and CPU board; Between described FPGA capture card, by PCIe exchanger, carry out the P2P (Peer-to-Peer between capture card, point-to-point) transfer of data, described clock synchronous board is connected with PXIe backboard, by clock bus, provide system differential clocks, difference synchronizing signal, the star-like triggering of difference, and backward compatible PXI clock, realizes the synchronous processing of a plurality of FPGA capture cards.
Preferably, described laser instrument is nanosecoud pulse laser, and pulsewidth is between 1-100ns, and wavelength is between 532-1319nm, and the energy being irradiated in biological tissue is less than 20mJ/cm
2.
Preferably, the array number of described polynary ultrasonic detector is a kind of in 64,128,256,384, the dominant frequency of detector, from 100KHz to 30MHz, is mated with the photoacoustic signal dominant frequency of surveying, and polynary ultrasonic detector is the polynary ultrasonic detector of linear, fan-shaped, annular and other shape.
Preferably, described pre-amplification circuit amplification between 25dB～60dB, bandwidth between 100KHz～100MHz, pre-amplification circuit Front-end Design impedance inverter circuit, tuning circuit is used for realizing impedance matching with polynary ultrasonic detector.
Concrete, described FPGA capture card comprises signal condition and acquisition module, FPGA controller, PXIe controller and DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory, dynamic RAM), described signal condition is connected with FPGA controller respectively with acquisition module, PXIe controller and DRAM, and PXIe controller is connected with the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard.
Further, described FPGA controller comprises FIFO(First Input First Output, first in first out data buffer) module, main control unit, internal RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), CMT(Clock Management Tile, Clock management module) and DSP48E Slices; Described signal condition and acquisition module are input to fifo module by bus after the analogue signal of input being converted to the digital signal of serial, fifo module transfers signals to main control unit, then by DSP48E Slices, carry out relevant computing and by result store in internal RAM the inside, CMT provides FPGA capture card internal operation clock and outside, DRAM, PXIe clock.
As preferably, described signal condition and acquisition module comprise data/address bus, control bus and clock with the bus between fifo module, and data/address bus is LVDS(Low-Voltage Differential Signaling, Low Voltage Differential Signal) transmission.
Further, described signal condition and acquisition module comprise VCA(Variable Gain Amplifier, variable gain amplifier), A/D modular converter, Serial Control module, LVDS modular converter, for the analogue signal of input being converted to LVDS output.
Preferably, described PXIe backboard adopts industrial standard, can be 9 grooves, 14 grooves, and 18 grooves or even other meet the PXIe backboard of industrial standard.
Preferably, described CPU board card comprises internal memory, CPU, hard disk, USB interface, gpib interface and RS232 interface.
Another object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: a kind of multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method, comprises the following steps:
(1) laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, and produce synchronous acquisition signal and trigger FPGA capture card, polynary ultrasonic detector synchronously receives the photoacoustic signal of generation and is converted into voltage signal, after pre-amplification circuit amplifies, is sent to respectively several FPGA capture cards in data imaging processing unit;
(2) signal condition and the acquisition module in each FPGA capture card amplifies and filtering signal, then through A/D conversion, send to FPGA controller, FPGA controller to signal deconvolute, continuous wavelet transform (Continuous Wavelet Transform, CWT), acousto-optic attenuation compensation, finally signal is transferred on the FPGA capture card of a wherein setting by the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard with P2P data transfer mode;
(3) the FPGA capture card of this setting adopts 2-D filter back-projection algorithm to carry out imaging processing to all signals, then by the data after processing by DMA channel transfer to CPU board card, thereby on host computer, by demonstration, storage, image adjustment, realize real-time demonstration and dynamic playback, three dimensional display.
Concrete, deconvoluting of adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm:
(2-1-1) obtain initializing signal: by diameter, be that 10-20 the laser focusing between micron is to black tape surface, then with polynary ultrasonic detector, receive the photoacoustic signal producing, after signal condition and acquisition module, by FPGA capture card, gather again, obtain the impulse response of system, i.e. initializing signal;
(2-1-2) deconvolute: the initializing signal that the photoacoustic signal of the current FPGA of being delivered to controller and step (2-1-1) are obtained carries out contrary convolution algorithm, and then obtain reflecting the primary light acoustical signal of absorption of sample characteristic.
Concrete, the continuous wavelet transform adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm: the signal deconvoluting is carried out take the nine rank wavelet decomposition that three order derivatives of Gaussian function are female small echo, and the radio-frequency component that then increases signal by weight factor carries out wavelet reconstruction.Adopt continuous wavelet transform can make the biological tissue images border that collects sharper keen.
Concrete, the acousto-optic attenuation compensation adopting in described step (2) is to compensate according to Exponential growth mode, growth factor and the degree of depth are linear.Because sound and light can produce decay when depth direction is propagated, thereby along with the intensification of imaging depth, the contrast of image can variation.Sound and light are all exponential dampinies in tissue, and the decay of light is relevant with attenuation quotient and the degree of depth of tissue, and the acoustic attenuation coefficient of tissue is followed in the decay of sound, frequency and the degree of depth of sound are relevant.Based on reason above, the acousto-optic attenuation compensation in the present invention in photoacoustic imaging is that light harmony is all compensated, and according to Exponential growth mode, growth factor and the degree of depth are linear.
Concrete, the 2-D filter back-projection algorithm adopting in described step (3) specifically adopts following steps:
(3-1-1) by deconvoluting, continuous wavelet transform and acousto-optic attenuation compensation obtain the actual light acoustical signal that each array element of polynary ultrasonic detector receives;
(3-1-2) distance of the actual light acoustical signal of polynary each array element of ultrasonic detector being put to this array element according to light absorption is carried out index, and after index value is multiplied by weight factor as this array element the photoacoustic signal value at this light absorption point place, and complete the photoacoustic signal value of all absorption points with this;
(3-1-3) the photoacoustic signal value of each light absorption point of imaging region is that all array element is in the stack of the projection value at this place.
Further, the weight factor of described polynary ultrasonic detector refers to the directivity function of polynary ultrasonic detector, and this directivity function is relevant with the width of whole polynary ultrasonic detector, array element size and ultrasonic angle of incidence to polynary ultrasonic detector.Because each array element of polynary ultrasonic detector has the dimensions, when receiving signal, there is certain range of receiving, therefore when calculating, need to consider the directivity function of polynary ultrasonic detector.
The present invention compares with existing photoacoustic imaging technology, and tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts the structure of FPGA capture card+clock synchronous board+PXIe backboard+CPU board card.Modular design has reduced the fabric swatch difficulty of PCB, has increased the capacity of resisting disturbance of hardware circuit.High stable, high-precision high-frequency clock has reduced the time delay between board, has increased the stability of photoacoustic imaging system.
2, in the present invention, FPGA capture card adopts the FPGA processor with DSP48E Slices, only need to just can complete the acquisition controlling of photoacoustic imaging, the imaging algorithm of photoacoustic signal by embedded FPGA processor, do not need special-purpose dsp processor to carry out digitized processing, greatly simplified the design difficulty of existing photoacoustic imaging system hardware circuit.
3, because the demonstration that collects imaging and the host computer time used from photoacoustic signal is tens milliseconds, can meet the requirement of real-time imaging completely.And the two field picture real-time storage of employing host computer, can carry out by the mode of playback three dimensional display and the static analysis of scanning area.
4, the data acquisition process in the present invention and imaging algorithm all complete in flush bonding processor, do not need to process by upper computer software, therefore than existing polynary photoacoustic imaging system, are easier to clinical practice.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of data imaging processing unit in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the inventive method;
Fig. 4 is wavelet decomposition and wavelet reconstruction schematic diagram in the inventive method;
Fig. 5 (a) is primary signal figure before embodiment 1 optical attenuation and acoustic attenuation compensation;
Fig. 5 (b) is the gain compensation characteristic curve adopting in embodiment 1 optical attenuation and acoustic attenuation backoff algorithm;
Fig. 5 (c) is the signal graph after embodiment 1 optical attenuation and acoustic attenuation compensation;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of 2-D filter back-projection algorithm in the inventive method.
Wherein: 1-data imaging processing unit, 2-FPGA capture card, 3-PXIe backboard, 4-clock bus, 5-signal condition and acquisition module, 6-FPGA controller, 7-data/address bus, 8-wavelet conversion coefficient, 9-wavelet reconstruction weight factor, 10-polynary ultrasonic detector, the single array element of 11-polynary detection detector, the sample of 12-imaging, 13-light absorption point, the distance of array element is put in 14-light absorption, 15-ultrasonic the angle of incidence to detector, 16-by light absorption, put the signal of detector distance index.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device, comprise laser instrument, the polynary ultrasonic detector, pre-amplification circuit and the data imaging processing unit 1 that are connected successively, described laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, then by polynary ultrasonic detector, photoacoustic signal is converted to voltage signal, then amplifies and be sent to data imaging processing unit 1 through pre-amplification circuit.In the present embodiment, laser instrument is the Nd:YAG laser instrument of wavelength 1064nm, frequency 10Hz, pulsewidth 8ns.The array number of described polynary ultrasonic detector is 64, and dominant frequency is 7.5MHz.Pre-amplification circuit gain is 25dB, and bandwidth is 50MHz.Pre-amplification circuit front end has also designed impedance transformation, and tuning circuit is used for realizing impedance matching with polynary ultrasonic detector.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, described data imaging processing unit 1 comprises several FPGA capture cards 2, PXIe backboard 3, CPU board card and clock synchronous board, and each FPGA capture card 2 is all connected with pre-amplification circuit signal; Described PXIe backboard 3 comprises PCIe/PCI connection-bridge, PCIe exchanger, connection and communication for CPU board card, FPGA capture card 2, between described CPU board card and FPGA capture card 2, by PCIe exchanger, carry out transfer of data, each FPGA capture card 2 sticks into Serial Communication by PXIe bus and CPU board; Between described FPGA capture card 2, by PCIe exchanger, carry out the P2P transfer of data between capture card, described clock synchronous board is connected with PXIe backboard 3, by clock bus 4, provide system differential clocks, difference synchronizing signal, the star-like triggering of difference, and backward compatible PXI clock, realizes the synchronous processing of a plurality of FPGA capture cards 2.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described FPGA capture card 2 comprises signal condition and acquisition module 5, FPGA controller 6, PXIe controller and DRAM, described signal condition is connected with FPGA controller 6 respectively with acquisition module 5, PXIe controller and DRAM, and PXIe controller is connected with the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard 3.Wherein, the bus transfer after described signal condition and collection comprises data/address bus 7, control bus and clock, and data/address bus is LVDS transmission.Meanwhile, described signal condition and acquisition module 5 comprise VCA, A/D modular converter, Serial Control module, LVDS modular converter, for the analogue signal of input being converted to LVDS output.
As shown in Figure 2, described FPGA controller 6 comprises fifo module, main control unit, internal RAM, CMT and DSP48E Slices; Described signal condition and acquisition module 5 are input to fifo module by bus after the analogue signal of input being converted to the digital signal of serial, fifo module transfers signals to main control unit, then by DSP48E Slices, carry out relevant computing and by result store in internal RAM the inside, CMT provides FPGA capture card internal operation clock and outside, DRAM, PXIe clock.
General PXIe backboard adopts industrial standard, can be 9 grooves, 14 grooves, and 18 grooves or even other meet the PXIe backboard of industrial standard.In the present embodiment, select 14 grooves.
Described CPU board card comprises internal memory, CPU, hard disk, USB interface, gpib interface and RS232 interface.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization of the present invention acousto-optic imaging method, comprises the following steps:
(1) laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, and produce synchronous acquisition signal and trigger FPGA capture card, polynary ultrasonic detector synchronously receives the photoacoustic signal of generation and is converted into voltage signal, after pre-amplification circuit amplifies, is sent to respectively several FPGA capture cards in data imaging processing unit 1;
(2) signal condition and the acquisition module in each FPGA capture card amplifies and filtering signal, then through A/D conversion, send to FPGA controller, FPGA controller to signal deconvolute, continuous wavelet transform, acousto-optic attenuation compensation, finally signal is transferred on the FPGA capture card of a wherein setting by the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard with P2P data transfer mode;
(3) the FPGA capture card of this setting adopts 2-D filter back-projection algorithm to carry out imaging processing to all signals, then by the data after processing by DMA channel transfer to CPU board card, thereby on host computer, by demonstration, storage, image adjustment, realize real-time demonstration and dynamic playback, three dimensional display.
Deconvoluting of adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm:
(2-1-1) obtain initializing signal: by diameter, be that 10-20 the laser focusing between micron is to black tape surface, then with polynary ultrasonic detector, receive the photoacoustic signal producing, after signal condition and acquisition module, by FPGA capture card, gather again, obtain the impulse response of system, i.e. initializing signal;
(2-1-2) deconvolute: the initializing signal that the photoacoustic signal of the current FPGA of being delivered to controller and step (2-1-1) are obtained carries out contrary convolution algorithm, and then obtain reflecting the primary light acoustical signal of absorption of sample characteristic.
The continuous wavelet transform adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm: the signal deconvoluting is carried out take the nine rank wavelet decomposition that three order derivatives of Gaussian function are female small echo, and the radio-frequency component that then increases signal by weight factor carries out wavelet reconstruction.Adopt continuous wavelet transform can make the biological tissue images border that collects sharper keen.Continuous wavelet transform principle as shown in Figure 4, due to three order derivatives of Gaussian function and the N shape Bob of photoacoustic signal more approaching, here be that the radio-frequency component that wavelet conversion coefficient 8 increases signals by wavelet reconstruction weight factor 9 carries out wavelet reconstruction by photoacoustic signal being carried out take the nine rank wavelet decomposition that three order derivatives of Gaussian function are female small echo.
While propagating in tissue due to pulse laser and with frequency dependence ultrasonic along with the increase exponentially decay of the degree of depth.Therefore when doing the photoacoustic imaging of depth direction, need to compensate decay, the acousto-optic attenuation compensation of employing is to compensate according to Exponential growth mode, and growth factor and the degree of depth are linear.For primary signal before the optical attenuation as shown in Fig. 5 (a) in the present embodiment and acoustic attenuation compensation, adopt the gain compensation characteristic curve shown in Fig. 5 (b) to carry out optical attenuation and acoustic attenuation compensation, finally obtain the signal graph after the optical attenuation shown in Fig. 5 (c) and acoustic attenuation compensation.
2-D filtered back projection is the algorithm for reconstructing based on one-dimensional filtering back projection.Its operation principle as shown in Figure 6, specifically adopts following steps:
(3-1-1) by deconvoluting, continuous wavelet transform and acousto-optic attenuation compensation obtain the actual light acoustical signal 16 that each array element 11 of polynary ultrasonic detector 10 receives;
(3-1-2) as shown in the present embodiment Fig. 6, for light absorption point 13, the actual light acoustical signal 16 of each array element 11 in polynary ultrasonic detector 10 is carried out to index according to light absorption point 13 to the distance 14 of this array element, and after index value is multiplied by weight factor, as this array element, in this light absorption, put the photoacoustic signal value at 13 places, and complete the photoacoustic signal value of all absorption points with this.
(3-1-3) the photoacoustic signal value of each light absorption point of imaging region is that all array element is in the stack of the projection value at this place.
The weight factor of described polynary ultrasonic detector refers to the directivity function of polynary ultrasonic detector, because each array element 11 of polynary ultrasonic detector 10 has the dimensions, when receiving signal, there is certain range of receiving, therefore need to consider the directivity function of polynary ultrasonic detector, directivity function is relevant with the width of whole polynary ultrasonic detector, array element size and ultrasonic angle of incidence 15 to polynary ultrasonic detector.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device, it is characterized in that, comprise laser instrument, the polynary ultrasonic detector, pre-amplification circuit and the data imaging processing unit that are connected successively, described laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, then by polynary ultrasonic detector, photoacoustic signal is converted to voltage signal, then amplifies and be sent to data imaging processing unit through pre-amplification circuit;
Described data imaging processing unit comprises several FPGA capture cards, PXIe backboard, CPU board card and clock synchronous board, and each FPGA capture card is all connected with pre-amplification circuit signal; Described PXIe backboard comprises PCIe/PCI connection-bridge, PCIe exchanger, connection and communication for CPU board card, FPGA capture card, between described CPU board card and FPGA capture card, by PCIe exchanger, carry out transfer of data, each FPGA capture card sticks into Serial Communication by PXIe bus and CPU board; Between described FPGA capture card, by PCIe exchanger, carry out the P2P transfer of data between capture card, described clock synchronous board is connected with PXIe backboard, by clock bus, provide system differential clocks, difference synchronizing signal, the star-like triggering of difference, and backward compatible PXI clock, realizes the synchronous processing of a plurality of FPGA capture cards.
2. Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser instrument is nanosecoud pulse laser, and pulsewidth is between 1-100ns, wavelength is between 532-1319nm, and the energy being irradiated in biological tissue is less than 20mJ/cm
2;
The array number of described polynary ultrasonic detector is a kind of in 64,128,256,384, and the dominant frequency of detector, from 100KHz to 30MHz, is mated with the photoacoustic signal dominant frequency of surveying, and polynary ultrasonic detector is linear, fan-shaped, annular polynary ultrasonic detector;
Described pre-amplification circuit amplification between 25dB～60dB, bandwidth between 100KHz～100MHz, pre-amplification circuit Front-end Design impedance inverter circuit, tuning circuit is used for realizing impedance matching with polynary ultrasonic detector.
3. Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described FPGA capture card comprises signal condition and acquisition module, FPGA controller, PXIe controller and DRAM, described signal condition is connected with FPGA controller respectively with acquisition module, PXIe controller and DRAM, and PXIe controller is connected with the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard.
4. Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described FPGA controller comprises fifo module, main control unit, internal RAM, CMT and DSP48E Slices; Described signal condition and acquisition module are input to fifo module by bus after the analogue signal of input being converted to the digital signal of serial, fifo module transfers signals to main control unit, then by DSP48E Slices, carry out relevant computing and by result store in internal RAM the inside, CMT provides FPGA capture card internal operation clock and outside, DRAM, PXIe clock;
Bus between signal condition and acquisition module, fifo module comprises data/address bus, control bus and clock, and data/address bus is LVDS transmission;
Described signal condition and acquisition module comprise VCA, A/D modular converter, Serial Control module, LVDS modular converter, for the analogue signal of input being converted to LVDS output.
5. Multichannel synchronous real-time digitalized photoacoustic imaging device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described PXIe backboard adopts industrial standard, is 9 grooves, 14 grooves, the PXIe backboard of 18 grooves;
Described CPU board card comprises internal memory, CPU, hard disk, USB interface, gpib interface and RS232 interface.
6. a multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) laser instrument Emission Lasers is irradiated to and in biological tissue, produces photoacoustic signal, and produce synchronous acquisition signal and trigger FPGA capture card, polynary ultrasonic detector synchronously receives the photoacoustic signal of generation and is converted into voltage signal, after pre-amplification circuit amplifies, is sent to respectively several FPGA capture cards in data imaging processing unit;
(2) signal condition and the acquisition module in each FPGA capture card amplifies and filtering signal, then through A/D conversion, send to FPGA controller, FPGA controller to signal deconvolute, continuous wavelet transform, acousto-optic attenuation compensation, finally signal is transferred on the FPGA capture card of a wherein setting by the PCIe exchanger in PXIe backboard with P2P data transfer mode;
(3) the FPGA capture card of this setting adopts 2-D filter back-projection algorithm to carry out imaging processing to all signals, then by the data after processing by DMA channel transfer to CPU board card, thereby on host computer, by demonstration, storage, image adjustment, realize real-time demonstration and dynamic playback, three dimensional display.
7. multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, deconvoluting of adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm:
(2-1-1) obtain initializing signal: by diameter, be that 10-20 the laser focusing between micron is to black tape surface, then with polynary ultrasonic detector, receive the photoacoustic signal producing, after signal condition and acquisition module, by FPGA capture card, gather again, obtain the impulse response of system, i.e. initializing signal;
(2-1-2) deconvolute: the initializing signal that the photoacoustic signal of the current FPGA of being delivered to controller and step (2-1-1) are obtained carries out contrary convolution algorithm, and then obtain reflecting the primary light acoustical signal of absorption of sample characteristic.
8. multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the continuous wavelet transform adopting in described step (2) specifically adopts following algorithm: the signal deconvoluting is carried out take the nine rank wavelet decomposition that three order derivatives of Gaussian function are female small echo, and the radio-frequency component that then increases signal by weight factor carries out wavelet reconstruction.
9. multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the acousto-optic attenuation compensation adopting in described step (2) is to compensate according to Exponential growth mode, and growth factor and the degree of depth are linear.
10. multi-channel synchronous real-time digitization acousto-optic imaging method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the 2-D filter back-projection algorithm adopting in described step (3) specifically adopts following steps:
(3-1-1) by deconvoluting, continuous wavelet transform and acousto-optic attenuation compensation obtain the actual light acoustical signal that each array element of polynary ultrasonic detector receives;
(3-1-2) distance of the actual light acoustical signal of polynary each array element of ultrasonic detector being put to this array element according to light absorption is carried out index, and after index value is multiplied by weight factor as this array element the photoacoustic signal value at this light absorption point place, and complete the photoacoustic signal value of all absorption points with this; The weight factor of described polynary ultrasonic detector refers to the directivity function of polynary ultrasonic detector, and this directivity function is relevant with the width of whole polynary ultrasonic detector, array element size and ultrasonic angle of incidence to polynary ultrasonic detector;
(3-1-3) the photoacoustic signal value of each light absorption point of imaging region is that all array element is in the stack of the projection value at this place.
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| CN103211620B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-05-20 | 杨迪武 | Breast carcinoma early-stage detecting instrument based on annular array opto-acoustic sensing technology |
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