CN102528303A - Dual laser-arc hybrid welding method for T-shaped structural component - Google Patents
Dual laser-arc hybrid welding method for T-shaped structural component Download PDFInfo
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- CN102528303A CN102528303A CN2011104595830A CN201110459583A CN102528303A CN 102528303 A CN102528303 A CN 102528303A CN 2011104595830 A CN2011104595830 A CN 2011104595830A CN 201110459583 A CN201110459583 A CN 201110459583A CN 102528303 A CN102528303 A CN 102528303A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual laser-arc hybrid welding method for a T-shaped structural component. The method comprises the following steps of: utilizing spot welding or an assembling fixture to vertically fix a wallboard and a rib plate of the T-shaped structural component and keeping a contact clearance between the wallboard and the rib plate being not more than 2mm; utilizing a laser-arc hybrid welding gun to weld the two sides of the rib plate of the T-shaped structural component; and utilizing a welding control system to simultaneously trigger two sets of laser-arc hybrid welding heat sources and finishing the welding of the T-shaped structural component at same welding speed. During the welding process, two sets of laser-arc hybrid welding devices are formed into a mirror symmetrical structure about the rib plate; the laser and the arc are in a same plane; an included angle alpha between the laser beam and the rib plate is 30-75 degrees; the height a between a laser incidence point and the wallboard is not more than 10mm; the included angle beta between the laser beam and the arc axis direction is 30-60 degrees; and a light distance d is 0.5-5mm. The method is high in speed and low in heat damage; the welding deformation is controllable; and the manufacturing demand on the T-shaped structural components of an airplane and a high-tech ship is met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material engineering technology, relate to a kind of welding method, particularly a kind of complex welding method of T type structural member.
Background technology
T type structural member is a kind of typical structure part that is mutually combined and formed by floor and wallboard; Because floor has good supporting and booster action for wallboard; And then can significantly improve weight loss effect and comprehensive serviceability, so T type structural member is used widely in large-scale transportation equipment manufacturing fields such as aircraft, boats and ships.
T type structural member adopts arc welding method to carry out the angle welding welding in the floor both sides usually in the shipbuilding field at present, because arc welding speed is slower, the sweating heat input is big, causes welding efficiency lower, welding deformation control difficulty.Domestic in recent years researcher has developed serial Novel T-shaped structural member welding method successively, comprises the laser-electric arc complex welding method (Chinese invention patent application 200910077012.3) of the laser-double arc double sided compound welding method (Chinese invention patent 200810064589.6) of large-sized T shaped joint full penetration assembled welding process (Chinese invention patent application 200710038432.1), T connector, a kind of light sheet T type joint.Above-mentioned these welding methods all are through thermal source heating wallboard and floor, make the complete penetration of wallboard and floor, and then good connection the between realization floor and the wallboard.
Along with high-end manufacturing fast developments such as big aircraft, high performance ships; Manufacturing for T type structural member has in recent years proposed requirements at the higher level; Particularly in crucial large size, thin walled T type member manufacture processes such as big overall aircraft wallboard and high performance ship superstructure; Should reduce welding deformation, realize the high-quality and efficient welding between floor and the wallboard, again penetration thin-walled part not; Reduce as much as possible for the wallboard fire damage, therefore need exploitation badly and have low-heat input, high efficiency Novel T-shaped structural member welding method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the existing in prior technology deficiency; The present invention is intended to disclose the two laser-electric arc complex welding methods of a kind of T type structural member; Adopt two groups of laser-electric arc composite welding systems on floor and the formed symmetric angle weld seam of wallboard, to weld simultaneously; Utilize characteristics such as energy gradient that the laser-electric arc composite welding has is controlled, high-speed welding good stability, realize high speed, the low-heat input welding of T type structural member, be particularly suitable for the efficient production of thin-wall T-shaped structural member.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
The two laser-electric arc complex welding methods of a kind of T type structural member comprise the steps:
At first, T type structural member wallboard and floor are utilized spot welding or frock clamp vertical fixing, the gap that keeps both to contact is not more than 2mm;
Then, adopt the compound welding gun of laser-electric arc to weld simultaneously in the floor both sides of T type structural member; Two groups of laser-electric arc composite welding thermals source adopt a welding control system to trigger simultaneously, under same weld speed, accomplish the welding of T type structural member;
In the welding process; Keeping two groups of laser-electric arc composite welding equipment is mirror symmetrical structure with the floor; Laser and electric arc are in a plane; Wherein laser beam and floor angle are adjustable in 30～75 ° of scopes, and the height a between laser incidence point and the wallboard is adjustable in being not more than the scope of 10mm; Laser beam and arc axis angular separation β are adjustable in 30～60 ° of scopes; Laser spot diameter 0.2mm-2mm, laser average output power are 400W-6000W; The welding arc average current is 50A-400A, and arc voltage is 10V-36V; Distance between laser and the arc welding wire, promptly chevilled silk spacing d is 0.5～5mm; Speed of welding is 0.5-5m/min.
Concrete, two groups of Laser Power Devices are selected CO for use
2Laser, YAG Solid State Laser, optical fiber laser or semiconductor laser; The arc welding mode adopts argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) or melt pole electrical arc (MIG or MAG) welding method, and the electric arc droplet transfer mode is the cold metal transition.
The present invention utilizes attraction and the compression of laser to electric arc through regulating the angle of laser beam and floor, can adjust the shape and the size in angle welding sweating heat input between floor and the wallboard and angle welding molten bath on the one hand, and reduction is to the fire damage of wallboard; Laser and arcing can improve the stability of electric arc on the other hand, realize the continous-stable transition of high-speed welding and packing material, and then improve welding efficiency.Advantages such as the inventive method possesses at a high speed, low fire damage and welding deformation are controlled can satisfy the preparation demand of aircraft and high performance ship T type structural member.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is two laser-electric arc composite welding equipment front views;
Fig. 2 is two laser-electric arc composite heat source welding gun side views.
Among the figure, 1, floor, 2, arc welding gun, 3, laser beam, 4, welding pool, 5, wallboard;
α is the angle between compound welding gun of laser-electric arc and the floor,
β is the angle between laser and the arc welding gun,
A is the height of laser incidence point apart from wallboard,
D is the chevilled silk spacing.
The specific embodiment
The two laser-electric arc composite welding process of the thick 6061 aluminum alloy T type structural members of embodiment 12mm
To the thick 6061 aluminum alloy T type structural members of 2mm; Adopt double-pulse laser-TIG electrical arc composite heat source welding method to weld; Wherein floor is of a size of 500mm * 50mm * 2mm; Wallboard is of a size of 500mm * 150mm * 2mm, and wherein solder wire material is the aluminium alloy welding wire of Φ 1.2mm, and concrete welding process is following:
At first make demand, two end spot welding at test specimen between floor and the wallboard are coupled together according to concrete T type structural member.Adopt the frock jig with compressing between wallboard and the workbench then.Adopt the two The laser-arc hybrid welding equipments of planer-type that T type structural member is welded.Angle between two compound welding guns is 140 °, and the angle between single welding gun and the floor is 70 °.Wherein the laser action point is on the floor, is 0.7mm apart from wallboard upper surface distance.Electric arc is that TIG adds an electric arc in the test, electric arc preceding laser after, electric arc and laser action are on same straight line.Laser-electric arc composite welding parameter is following:
TIG welding parameter: average current 120A, voltage 12V;
Laser weld parameter: laser power 800W, laser facula size 0.7mm;
Speed of welding 2m/min; Chevilled silk spacing 1mm.
Front end in welding piece has added the long run-on tab of 10mm; Move simultaneously through two compound welding guns of portal frame control then; Trigger the control system through the laser-electric arc composite welding; Trigger control when realizing two compound welding guns, promptly the two begins to carry out composite welding jointly, and finally finishes simultaneously.Adopt said method successfully to realize the high-quality and efficient welding of the long 6061 aluminum alloy T type structural members of 500mm.Still keep vertical between postwelding aluminium alloy floor and the wallboard, wallboard and floor are not seen obvious distortion.
The two laser-electric arc composite welding process of the thick stainless steel of embodiment 22mm (0Cr18Ni9Ti) T type structural member
Adopt two laser-MAG arc composite heat source method to weld to the thick stainless steel materials T of 2mm type structural member.Wherein floor is of a size of 500mm * 50mm * 2mm, and wallboard is of a size of 500mm * 150mm * 2mm, and wherein solder wire material is the stainless steel welding stick of Φ 1.2mm, and concrete welding process is following:
At first make demand, be connected all carrying out spot welding in the both sides, two ends of test specimen between floor and the wallboard according to concrete T type structural member.Adopt the frock jig with compressing between wallboard and the workbench then.Adopt the two The laser-arc hybrid welding equipments of planer-type that T type structural member is welded.Angle between two compound welding guns is 150 °, and the angle between single welding gun and the floor is 75 °.Wherein the laser action point is on the floor, is 0.5mm apart from wallboard upper surface distance.Electric arc is MAG cold metal transition welding arc in the test, electric arc preceding laser after, electric arc and laser action are on same straight line.Under the laser-electric arc composite welding parameter:
MAG welding parameter: average current 130A, voltage 28V;
Laser weld parameter: laser power 1700W, laser facula size 0.6mm;
Speed of welding 1m/min; Chevilled silk spacing 2mm.
Added the long run-on tab of 15mm at the welding piece front end; Move simultaneously through two compound welding guns of portal frame control then; Trigger the control system through the laser-electric arc composite welding; Trigger control when realizing two compound welding guns, promptly the two begins to carry out composite welding jointly, and finally finishes simultaneously.Adopt said method successfully to realize the high-quality and efficient welding of the long stainless steel T of 500mm type structural member.Still keep vertical between postwelding stainless steel floor and the wallboard, floor and wallboard do not have distortion.
The two laser-electric arc composite welding process of the thick aluminium alloy of embodiment 35mm (Al-Cu-Li) T type structural member
Adopt two laser-MAG arc composite heat source method to weld to the thick aluminum alloy plate materials T of 5mm type structural member.Wherein floor is of a size of 500mm * 50mm * 5mm, and wallboard is of a size of 500mm * 150mm * 4mm, and wherein solder wire material is the aluminium alloy welding wire of Φ 1.6mm, and concrete welding process is following:
At first make demand, be connected all carrying out spot welding in the both sides, two ends of test specimen between floor and the wallboard according to concrete T type structural member.Adopt the frock jig with compressing between wallboard and the workbench then.Adopt the two The laser-arc hybrid welding equipments of planer-type that T type structural member is welded.Angle between two compound welding guns is 140 °, and the angle between single welding gun and the floor is 70 °.Wherein the laser action point is on the floor, is 0.6mm apart from wallboard upper surface distance.Electric arc is MAG cold metal transition welding arc in the test, electric arc preceding laser after, electric arc and laser action are on same straight line.Under the laser-electric arc composite welding parameter:
MIG welding parameter: average current 150A, voltage 32V;
Laser weld parameter: laser power 3100W, laser facula size 0.8mm;
Speed of welding 3m/min; Chevilled silk spacing 1.5mm.
Front end in welding piece has added the long run-on tab of 10mm; Move simultaneously through two compound welding guns of portal frame control then; Trigger the control system through the laser-electric arc composite welding; Trigger control when realizing two compound welding guns, promptly the two begins to carry out composite welding jointly, and finally finishes simultaneously.Adopt said method successfully to realize the high-quality and efficient welding of the T type structural member of the long aluminium alloy of 500mm.Still keep vertical between postwelding aluminium alloy floor and the wallboard, wallboard and floor are not seen obvious distortion.
The two laser-electric arc composite welding process of the thick titanium alloy of embodiment 44mm (TC15) T type structural member
Adopt two laser-TIG arc composite heat source method to weld to the thick titanium alloy plate T of 4mm type structural member.Wherein floor is of a size of 500mm * 50mm * 4mm, and wallboard is of a size of 500mm * 150mm * 4mm, and wherein solder wire material is the titanium alloy welding wire of Φ 1.6mm, and concrete welding process is following:
At first make demand, be connected all carrying out spot welding in the both sides, two ends of test specimen between floor and the wallboard according to concrete T type structural member.Adopt the frock jig with compressing between wallboard and the workbench then.Adopt the two The laser-arc hybrid welding equipments of planer-type that T type structural member is welded.Angle between two compound welding guns is 130 °, and the angle between single welding gun and the floor is 65 °.Wherein the laser action point is on the floor, is 0.4mm apart from wallboard upper surface distance.Electric arc is TIG welding arc (add automatically silk) in the test, electric arc preceding laser after, electric arc and laser action are on same straight line.Under the laser-electric arc composite welding parameter:
TIG welding parameter: direct current 180A;
Laser weld parameter: laser power 4400W, laser facula size 0.8mm;
Speed of welding 2.5m/min; Chevilled silk spacing 2mm.
Front end in welding piece has added the long run-on tab of 10mm; Move simultaneously through two compound welding guns of portal frame control then; Trigger the control system through the laser-electric arc composite welding; Trigger control when realizing two compound welding guns, promptly the two begins to carry out composite welding jointly, and finally finishes simultaneously.Adopt said method successfully to realize the high-quality and efficient welding of the T type structural member of the long titanium alloy of 500mm.Still keep vertical between postwelding titanium alloy floor and the wallboard, wallboard and floor are not seen obvious distortion.
The above; Be merely the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention; But protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the two laser-electric arc complex welding methods of T type structural member comprise the steps:
At first, T type structural member wallboard and floor are utilized spot welding or frock clamp vertical fixing, the gap that keeps both to contact is not more than 2mm;
Then, adopt the compound welding gun of laser-electric arc to weld simultaneously in the floor both sides of T type structural member; Two groups of laser-electric arc composite welding thermals source adopt a welding control system to trigger simultaneously, under same weld speed, accomplish the welding of T type structural member;
In the welding process; Keeping two groups of laser-electric arc composite welding equipment is mirror symmetrical structure with the floor; Laser and electric arc are in a plane; Wherein laser beam and floor angle are adjustable in the 30-75 ° of scope, and the height a between laser incidence point and the wallboard is adjustable in being not more than the scope of 10mm; Laser beam and arc axis angular separation β are adjustable in 30～60 ° of scopes, the distance between laser and the arc welding wire, and promptly chevilled silk spacing d is 0.5-5mm.
2. require described pair of laser-electric arc complex welding method like right 1, it is characterized in that:
Laser spot diameter 0.2mm-2mm, laser average output power are 400W-6000W; The welding arc average current is 50A-400A, and arc voltage is 10V-36V; Speed of welding is 0.5-5m/min;
Two groups of Laser Power Devices are selected CO for use
2Laser, YAG Solid State Laser, optical fiber laser or semiconductor laser; The arc welding mode adopts argon tungsten-arc welding or melt pole electrical arc welding method, and the electric arc droplet transfer mode is the cold metal transition.
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| CN103406667A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-11-27 | 南京煜宸激光科技有限公司 | Laser welding method of stainless steel sheet fillet weld and clamp thereof |
| CN104275544A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-01-14 | 麦格纳斯太尔工程两合公司 | Method for producing a welded joint |
| CN104475977A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-01 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | IC (Integrated Circuit) equipment ultra-large aluminum alloy cavity welding method |
| CN104985326A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bilateral laser-InFocus electric arc composite welding method for T-type joint |
| CN105171243A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-23 | 南京南车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Laser-arc hybrid welding method of medium-thickness board corner joint |
| CN106964901A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Complex welding method, draw beam and the rail vehicle with the draw beam of draw beam |
| CN107020479A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-08 | 宁波金凤焊割机械制造有限公司 | The assembling and welding method of steel pipe bundle |
| CN109108508A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-01 | 金明基 | Form the welding method of uniform welding bead |
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| CN110842363A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏科技大学 | Based on laser-CO2Electric arc composite back welding method without back gouging |
| CN111515540A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | Thin plate T-shaped joint bilateral laser fuse welding device and welding method |
| CN111618438A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Magnetic field assisted double-laser-TIG coupling bilateral synchronous welding device and method |
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| CN113770534A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-10 | 上海杭和智能科技有限公司 | Double-laser-beam double-side laser-MIG (Metal inert gas) hybrid welding method and system |
| CN114669880A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | laser-MIG composite double-gun synchronous symmetrical welding method for T-shaped joint of medium-thickness plate titanium alloy |
| CN115781026A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | T-shaped joint welding method and welding system |
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| CN104275544A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-01-14 | 麦格纳斯太尔工程两合公司 | Method for producing a welded joint |
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| CN103406667A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-11-27 | 南京煜宸激光科技有限公司 | Laser welding method of stainless steel sheet fillet weld and clamp thereof |
| CN104475977A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-01 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | IC (Integrated Circuit) equipment ultra-large aluminum alloy cavity welding method |
| CN104985326A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bilateral laser-InFocus electric arc composite welding method for T-type joint |
| CN105171243A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-23 | 南京南车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Laser-arc hybrid welding method of medium-thickness board corner joint |
| CN106964901A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Complex welding method, draw beam and the rail vehicle with the draw beam of draw beam |
| CN106964901B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-05-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Complex welding method, draw beam and the rail vehicle with the draw beam of draw beam |
| CN107020479A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-08 | 宁波金凤焊割机械制造有限公司 | The assembling and welding method of steel pipe bundle |
| CN109108508B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-11-06 | 金明基 | Welding method for forming uniform welding bead |
| CN109108508A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-01 | 金明基 | Form the welding method of uniform welding bead |
| CN110814520A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-21 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一六研究所 | Double-arm gantry type robot system for realizing double-sided laser and electric arc hybrid welding |
| CN110842363A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏科技大学 | Based on laser-CO2Electric arc composite back welding method without back gouging |
| CN110842363B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-03-08 | 江苏科技大学 | Based on laser-CO2Electric arc composite back welding method without back gouging |
| CN111515540A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | Thin plate T-shaped joint bilateral laser fuse welding device and welding method |
| CN111515540B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2022-05-24 | 华北水利水电大学 | Laser fuse welding device and welding method for two sides of thin plate T-shaped joint |
| CN111618438A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Magnetic field assisted double-laser-TIG coupling bilateral synchronous welding device and method |
| CN113210868A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-06 | 西安远飞航空技术发展有限公司 | Laser welding method for manufacturing double-layer rib clamping structure |
| CN113770534A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-10 | 上海杭和智能科技有限公司 | Double-laser-beam double-side laser-MIG (Metal inert gas) hybrid welding method and system |
| CN114669880A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | laser-MIG composite double-gun synchronous symmetrical welding method for T-shaped joint of medium-thickness plate titanium alloy |
| CN115781026A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | T-shaped joint welding method and welding system |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |