CN102527069B - A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102527069B CN102527069B CN201210008221.4A CN201210008221A CN102527069B CN 102527069 B CN102527069 B CN 102527069B CN 201210008221 A CN201210008221 A CN 201210008221A CN 102527069 B CN102527069 B CN 102527069B
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- capillary
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof, i.e. it is dependent on capillary tube and there is capillary tube rising i.e. surface tension phenomena in the liquid phase, the intrinsic capillary rise phenomenon of liquid and surface tension phenomena thereof, invented a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof whereby.Capillary evaporator of the present invention be by solution constantly boiling evaporation and many capillary evaporation thereof are restrained the effect of its surface tension of liquid and are realized the constantly condensation of solvent vapo(u)r and discharge and realize the concentration of solution and the capillary condensation of solvent vapo(u)r and separate the most again.Evaporation is boiled and is evaporated by external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube or outer circulation or rise film or falling liquid film or molecule evaporation realizes, capillary evaporation condensation can be nature directly condense or indirect air-cooled solidifying or indirect water-cooling solidifying with cool down.This capillary evaporator can use single-action or two effects or triple effect or multiple-effect to be applied in combination.Capillary evaporator evaporation effect of the present invention is good, and work efficiency is high, energy-conservation for the utilization of heat energy, low-carbon (LC), efficiently.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof.This technology belongs to thermal technology's conduction of Chemical Engineering
Separation engineering and Thermal Equipment technical field.
Background technology:
The present invention relates to a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment, the i.e. present invention and be dependent on capillary tube in the liquid phase
There is capillary tube rising i.e. surface tension phenomena, the whereby intrinsic capillary rise phenomenon of liquid and surface tension phenomena thereof, send out
Understand a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof.
It is known that when clean capillary glass tube inserts in liquid, if this liquid energy moistening capillary wall, then because of table
The effect of surface tension, liquid rises along capillary tube, until the power risen is balanced by the gravity of fluid column and stops rising, is i.e. referred to as
Rise for capillary tube, this principle that capillary evaporation is accelerated just and power.This capillary force can be accelerated to evaporate solvent gas phase
Separate！
Liquid film has the trend of contraction automatically, and the power on this contraction surface is surface tension.Its physical significance is that surface is opened
Power is along the direction with plane tangent, shrinks the power on surface perpendicular through arbitrary unit length on liquid surface.Any liquid,
The most all there is certain surface tension.If water is 72.75mN/m in the surface tension that 20 DEG C are.
In consideration of it, capillary evaporator evaporation effect of the present invention is good, work efficiency is high, energy-conservation for the utilization of heat energy, low
Carbon, efficiently.
Summary of the invention:
A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Capillary of the present invention is steamed method principle and is capillary tube nature rise method.
It is known that capillary tube nature climbing power its almost the most not by any Impact direction effect with affect.When totally
Capillary glass tube when inserting in liquid, if this liquid energy moistening capillary wall, then because of capillary effect, liquid is along capillary
Pipe rises, until the power (2 π γ cos θ) risen is by gravity (the π r of fluid column2ρ gh) balanced and stop rising, it may be assumed that
2 π γ cos θ=π r2ρgh (1)
(1) formula of arrangement, obtains:
In formula: γ is surface tension, r is capillary diameter, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, θ
For contact angle.
Liquid film has the trend of contraction automatically, and the power on this contraction surface is surface tension.Its physical significance be along with
The direction of plane tangent, shrinks the power on surface, is usually present surface tension perpendicular through arbitrary unit length on liquid surface, its
Unit mN/m represents.
Any liquid, the most all has certain surface tension.As the water surface tension when 20 DEG C is
72.75mN/m。
The present invention relates to a kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof, be i.e. dependent on capillary tube present in the aqueous phase
Surface tension phenomena, and the surface tension by means of the existence of liquid achieves capillary evaporation technique and equipment thereof.
Solution capillary evaporation technique of the present invention is based on the surface tension phenomena existed in the liquid phase in capillary tube, and by
Add the capillary combination of quick-dissolving agent in the intrinsic solvent surface tension of liquid, couplingization condenses, separation and the concentration of solution thereof.
Its technological process is: see Fig. 1.
The capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of the present invention is: see Fig. 2.
The capillary evaporator of the present invention, specifically include that capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., couplingization vapour liquid separator 2.,
Capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 3., capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser 4., take over 5., take over 6., steam, conduction oil etc.
Heating agent 7., the coolant such as air or water 8., incoagulable gas 9. etc..
4. mainly by the tube bank of capillary condensation suction nozzle, 3. and 10. capillary condensation restrained for capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser
Composition.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention processing is simple, is suitable for ability strong, and clearly, rationally, heat exchanger efficiency is high for evaporating principle, it is achieved
Evaporation efficient, energy-conservation, is particularly well-suited to the normal press-steamed method of solvent, it is achieved that solution evaporation new principle, new technology and newly set
Standby innovation.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention is that boiling and many capillary evaporation thereof the most again by solution are restrained its liquid surface and opened
The capillary evaporation of constantly concentration and solvent that condensation realizes solution with getting rid of that the effect of power realizes solvent vapo(u)r separates.Solution
The boiling again of capillary evaporation and many capillarys Shu Lengning, separate, concentrate the most combined, coupling chemical conversion boiling and capillary condensation again and separate
Two parts or integration evaporation.Again boiling can by external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporate outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method or
Rising film or falling liquid film steams method or molecule evaporation etc. and realizes, capillary evaporation can be by the liquid surface of many capillary evaporation pipe modularizatioies
The effect of tension force realizes the most direct or indirect air-cooled solidifying or direct or indirect water-cooled of solvent and coagulates and get rid of, Jin Ershi
The concentration of existing solution and the capillary evaporation condensation separation of solvent.
Capillary evaporator discharge opeing of the present invention is effective, and work efficiency is high, energy-conservation for the utilization of heat energy, low-carbon (LC), efficiently.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 capillary evaporation of the present invention process principle figure；
Fig. 2 capillary evaporation of the present invention process equipment flow chart；
Fig. 3 is steam honeycomb duct type capillary evaporator configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating chamber, and 2 separate for evaporation
Room, 3 is condenser, and 4 is fluid-tight and relief groove, and 5 is capillary condenser, and 6 is pressure-equalizing pipe, and 7 is bundle of capillary tubes, and 8 are
Steam mozzle；
Fig. 4 is steam direct-type capillary evaporator configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating chamber, and 2 separate for evaporation
Room, 3 is condenser, and 4 is fluid-tight and relief groove, and 5 is capillary condenser, and 6 is pressure-equalizing pipe, and 7 is bundle of capillary tubes；
Fig. 5 is single hose capillary evaporator configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating chamber, and 2 is evaporation separation chamber, and 3 are
Coiled tube condenser, 4 is fluid-tight and solvent pressure compensating groove, and 5 is single hose capillary condenser；
Fig. 6 is capillary evaporator single tube capillary pipe structure schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein 1 is capillary tube conehead section, mm；2 are
Capillary tube changeover portion, mm；3 is capillary tube segment, mm；dInFor capillary tube conehead small end inner diameter, mm；DInFor in the big end of capillary tube conehead
Footpath, mm；L1For capillary tube conehead length, mm；L2For capillary tube transitioning end length, mm；L3For capillary tube conehead+transitioning end length,
mm；L4For capillary tube length of straigh line, mm.
Detailed description of the invention:
The technological core of the present invention is to have invented Capillary evaporation principle and capillary sheet surface tension is applied to capillary evaporation,
Solution capillary evaporation achieves the capillary combination of capillary suction nozzle tube bank, bonding force and technology thereof for capillary evaporation technique,
The application of equipment and design.
The composition of the capillary evaporator of the present invention, specifically include that capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., couplingization vapor-liquid separation
Device 2., capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 3., capillary evaporation modularization condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., steam, conduction oil etc.
Heating agent 7., the coolant such as air or water 8., incoagulable gas 9. etc..
3. mainly by the tube bank of capillary suction nozzle, 4. and 10. condensing tube group forms for capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser.
Embodiments of the invention are described below:
The solution Capillary evaporation principle of capillary evaporator first embodiment of the present invention is capillary tube nature rise method.Main public
Formula is:
2 π γ cos θ=π r2ρgh (1)
In formula: γ is surface tension, r is capillary diameter, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, θ
For contact angle.
The solution capillary evaporation technological process of capillary evaporator the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.Solution is the most open close
Crossing boiling heating and many capillary evaporation thereof again to restrain the effect of its surface tension of liquid and realize constantly condensation and the row of solvent vapo(u)r
The capillary evaporation of the concentration and solvent that remove and realize solution separates.The boiling again of solution capillary evaporation and many bundles of capillary tubes condensation,
Separate, concentration is the most combined, coupling chemical conversion boiling again separates two parts with capillary condensation or integration is evaporated.Boil again by additional
The evaporation of thermal source such as coil pipe or short tube or outer circulation or interior circulation are steamed method or rise film or the falling liquid film steaming realization such as method or molecule evaporation, capillary
Evaporation can realize the naturally direct or indirect of solvent by the effect of the surface tension of liquid of many capillary evaporation pipe modularizatioies
Air-cooled solidifying or direct or indirect water-cooled solidifying and get rid of, and then realize the concentration of solution and the capillary evaporation condensation point of solvent
From.
The solution capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of capillary evaporator the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2.Mainly by
Capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary evaporation suction nozzle restrain 3., capillary evaporation combination, coupling
Change condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., the heating agent such as steam, conduction oil 7., the coolant such as air or water 8., incoagulable gas 9. etc..
3. mainly by the tube bank of capillary condensation suction nozzle, 4. and 10. condensing tube group forms for capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser.
Capillary evaporator the 4th embodiment of the present invention is steam honeycomb duct type capillary evaporator configuration, as shown in Figure 3.Mainly
By capillary evaporation heating chamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, steam condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, capillary condenser
5, pressure-equalizing pipe 6, bundle of capillary tubes 7, steam mozzle 8 form.
Capillary evaporation heating chamber 1 can by external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporate outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method or
Rising film or falling liquid film steams method or molecule evaporation etc. and realizes, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 is flow-guiding type vapour liquid separator, steam condenser
3 can be that shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser, fluid-tight and relief groove 4 can be with normal pressure or vacuum
Formula, capillary condenser 5 is flow-guiding type condenser, pressure-equalizing pipe 6 can vacuum or atmospheric operation.
Capillary evaporator the 5th embodiment of the present invention is steam direct-type capillary evaporator configuration, as shown in Figure 4.Mainly by
Capillary evaporation heating chamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, steam condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, capillary condenser 5,
Pressure-equalizing pipe 6, bundle of capillary tubes 7 form.
Capillary evaporation heating chamber 1 can by external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporate outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method or
Rising film or falling liquid film steams method or molecule evaporation etc. and realizes, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 is direct-type vapour liquid separator, steam condenser
3 can be that shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser, fluid-tight and relief groove 4 can be with normal pressure or vacuum
Formula, capillary condenser 5 is direct-type condenser, pressure-equalizing pipe 6 can vacuum or atmospheric operation.
Capillary evaporator sixth embodiment of the present invention is single hose capillary evaporator configuration, as shown in Figure 5.Main by capillary
Evaporation heating chamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, steam condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, single hose capillary condenser
Composition.
Capillary evaporation heating chamber 1 can by external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporate outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method or
Rising film or falling liquid film steams method or molecule evaporation etc. and realizes, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 can be direct-type or flow-guiding type vapor-liquid separation
Device, steam condenser 3 can be shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser, fluid-tight and relief groove 4
Can be with normal pressure or vacuum type, single hose capillary condenser 5 simply direct-type single tube condenser.
Capillary evaporator the 7th embodiment of the present invention is capillary evaporator single tube capillary pipe structure, as shown in Figure 6.Main mark
Capillary tube conehead section 1, capillary tube changeover portion 2, capillary tube segment 3, capillary tube conehead small end inner diameter d are knownIn, the big end of capillary tube conehead
Internal diameter DIn, capillary tube conehead length L1, capillary tube transitioning end length L2, capillary tube conehead+transitioning end length L3, capillary tube straight line
Segment length L4。
Capillary evaporation capillary tube of the present invention and tube bank suction nozzle vertebra degree be: DIn/L1=0.20～0.28, suction nozzle caliber gradient
Ratio is: dIn/DIn=0.1～0.7.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention can be applied in combination with single-action or two effects or triple effect or multiple-effect.
Capillary evaporator the 8th embodiment of the present invention is series capillary evaporation single tube evaporative condenser Contrast on effect experiment, effect
The most notable.Main result is as shown in table 1,2,3,4,5,6.
Table 1 ethyl acetate extraction column draws powder extracting solution single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 2 ethanol extraction tower draws powder extracting solution single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 3 normal hexane n-hexane extraction column draws powder extracting solution to evaporate solvent vapo(u)r capillary condensation result of the test
Table 4 methanol extraction tower draws powder extracting solution single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 5 acetone extraction tower draws powder extracting solution single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 6 Petroleum ether extraction tower draws powder extracting solution single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, for the backroom boys of the art, is not taking off
On the premise of the principle of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (1)
1. a capillary evaporation technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Capillary evaporation is dependent on the surface tension phenomena that capillary tube exists in the liquid phase, and it is by means of the intrinsic solution of solution evaporation
Capillary internal motivation and accelerate solution capillary combination, couplingization evaporate, condense and separate；
Capillary evaporation technique is: it restrains the work of its surface tension of liquid by boiling and many capillary evaporation thereof the most again of solution
Separate with the capillary evaporation of the constantly concentration and solvent that condensation realizes solution with getting rid of that realize solvent vapo(u)r；Solution capillary is steamed
Boiling again and many capillarys Shu Lengning sent out, separate, concentrate combined, coupling chemical conversion boiling and capillary condensation again separate two parts or
Integration evaporation；Boil again by external heat source coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulating and evaporating or rise film or falling film evaporation
Or molecule evaporation realizes, capillary evaporation realizes solvent by the effect of the surface tension of liquid of many capillary evaporation pipe modularizatioies
The most direct or indirect air-cooled solidifying or direct or indirect water-cooled solidifying and get rid of, and then realize concentration and the solvent of solution
Capillary evaporation condensation separation；After i.e. heating is boiled in evaporation solution entrance capillary evaporation again, enter capillary evaporation couplingization vapour-liquid and divide
From device gas-liquid separation；Evaporated vapor carries out capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condensation just obtains capillary evaporation solvent, and incoagulability gas
Body is discharged by normal pressure or evacuation；The circulation fluid of capillary evaporation couplingization gas-liquid separation chamber is by capillary circulating and evaporating repeatedly
Obtain capillary evaporation concentrated solution；The heating of boiling again of capillary evaporation uses steam or conduction oil heating agent；Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization
Condensation or the cooling coolant of condenser use air or water；
Capillary evaporator by capillary evaporation reboiler (1), couplingization vapour liquid separator (2), capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner (3),
Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser (4), adapter (5), adapter (6), steam or conduction oil heating agent (7), air or cool water media
(8), incoagulable gas (9) is constituted；Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser (4) by capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner (3) and
Capillary condensation tube bank (10) composition；
Capillary evaporation process equipment flow process is: after evaporation solution enters capillary evaporation reboiler (1) heating, enters capillary immediately and steams
Send out couplingization vapour liquid separator (2), capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner (3) gas-liquid separation；Evaporated vapor entrance capillary evaporation combination,
Couplingization condenser (4), capillary condensation tube bank (10) just obtain capillary evaporation solvent, and incoagulable gas (9) is by adapter (5)
Normal pressure or evacuation are discharged；Capillary evaporation coupling activating QI liquid/gas separator (2), the circulation fluid of capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner (3) lead to
Cross adapter (6) capillary circulating and evaporating repeatedly and obtain capillary evaporation concentrated solution；Capillary evaporation reboiler (1) heating use steam or
Conduction oil heating agent (7) heats；Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser (4), capillary condensation tube bank (10) use air or water-cooled
Matchmaker (8) condenses or cools down.
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| CN201210008221.4A CN102527069B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103007564B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2017-02-08 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
| CN104069644A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rotary evaporation theory, technology and equipment for laboratory |
| CN110053693B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳市简行科技开发有限公司 | Foldable electric scooter |
| CN113577802A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南京金日轻工科技发展有限公司 | Extensible energy-saving evaporator |
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| US4898231A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1990-02-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Heat-pipe system and method of and apparatus for controlling a flow rate of a working fluid in a liquid pipe of the heat pipe system |
| CN1639532A (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2005-07-13 | 麦克罗斯制造公司 | Capillary evaporator |
| CN2775567Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-04-26 | 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 | Heat pipe isolated horizontal tray high efficiency evaporator |
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