CN102527069A - Capillary evaporation principle and process as well as equipment thereof - Google Patents
Capillary evaporation principle and process as well as equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102527069A CN102527069A CN2012100082214A CN201210008221A CN102527069A CN 102527069 A CN102527069 A CN 102527069A CN 2012100082214 A CN2012100082214 A CN 2012100082214A CN 201210008221 A CN201210008221 A CN 201210008221A CN 102527069 A CN102527069 A CN 102527069A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a capillary evaporation principle and a capillary evaporation process as well as equipment of the capillary evaporation principle and the capillary evaporation process. The invention invents the capillary evaporation principle and the capillary evaporation process as well as equipment of the capillary evaporation principle and the capillary evaporation process on the basis of the existence of the capillary ascending, i.e. the surface tension phenomenon in capillary liquid phases through the inherent capillary ascending phenomenon and the surface tension phenomenon of liquid. A capillary evaporator disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the continuous condensation and the continuous discharging of solvent steam are realized through the continuous reboiling evaporation of the solution and the liquid surface tension effect of a plurality of capillary evaporation tubes, and the solution concentration and the capillary condensation and separation of the solvent steam are further realized. The evaporation reboiling is realized through the evaporation of external heating sources such as coil tubes or short tubes, or external circulation or film ascending or film descending or molecular evaporation, and the capillary evaporation condensation can be natural direct condensation or indirect air condensation or indirect water condensation and cooling. The capillary evaporator can be used in a single-effect or double-effect or triple-effect or multi-effect combination mode. The capillary evaporator has the advantages that the evaporation effect is good, the work efficiency is high, and energy saving, low carbon and high efficiency are realized in the heat energy utilization aspect.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof.The thermal technology that this technology belongs to Chemical Engineering is conducted separation engineering and Thermal Equipment technical field.
Background technology:
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof; Be that the present invention is dependent on capillary to exist in liquid phase that capillary rises be the surface tension phenomenon; Liquid intrinsic capillary rising phenomenon and surface tension phenomenon thereof have been invented a kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof whereby.
As everyone knows; When clean capillary glass tube inserts in the liquid, if the wetting capillary wall of this liquid ability, then because of capillary effect; Liquid rises along capillary; Stopped by the gravity of fluid column institute's balance rising up to the power that rises, promptly be referred to as capillary and rise, this is the principle and the power of capillary evaporation acceleration just.This capillary force could be quickened the separation of evaporating solvent gas phase!
Liquid film has the trend of automatic contraction, and the power of this shrinkage surface is surface tension.Its physical significance is that surface tension is along the direction tangent with the surface, vertically passes through the power of arbitrary unit length shrinkage surface on the liquid surface.Any liquid all has certain surface tension under certain conditions.Is 72.75mN/m like water 20 ℃ of surface tension that are.
Given this, capillary evaporator evaporation effect of the present invention is good, high efficiency, energy-conservation with regard to the utilization of heat energy, low-carbon (LC), efficient.
Summary of the invention:
A kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Capillary of the present invention is steamed the method principle and is capillary nature rise method.
We know, it almost is not receive any effect that receives force direction and influence for a capillary nature climbing power.When clean capillary glass tube inserted in the liquid, if this liquid can wetting capillary wall, then because of capillary effect, liquid rose along capillary, up to the power (2 π γ cos θ) that rises by the gravity of fluid column (π r
2ρ gh) institute's balance and stop to rise, that is:
2πγcosθ＝πr
2ρgh (1)
Arrangement (1) formula obtains:
In the formula: γ is a surface tension, and r is a capillary diameter, and ρ is a fluid density, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, and θ is a contact angle.
Liquid film has the trend of automatic contraction, and the power of this shrinkage surface is surface tension.Its physical significance is along the direction tangent with the surface, vertically through the power of arbitrary unit length shrinkage surface on the liquid surface, has surface tension usually, and its unit representes with mN/m.
Any liquid all has certain surface tension under certain conditions.Like the surface tension of water 20 ℃ the time is 72.75mN/m.
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof, promptly be dependent on the surface tension phenomenon that capillary exists at aqueous phase, and realized capillary evaporation technology and equipment thereof by means of the surface tension of the existence of liquid.
Solution capillary evaporation technology of the present invention is to be dependent on the surface tension phenomenon that capillary exists in liquid phase, and by means of the intrinsic solvent surface tension of liquid the concentrating of capillary combination, couplingization condensation, separation and solution thereof of accelerated solvent.
Its technological process is: see Fig. 1.
Capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of the present invention is: see Fig. 2.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention mainly comprises: capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., the couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 3., capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., steam, heat conduction wet goods heating agent 7., refrigerants such as air or water 8., 9. incoagulable gas wait.
Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser are 4. mainly restrained 3. by the capillary condensation suction nozzle and 10. the capillary condensation tube bank is formed.
Capillary evaporator processing of the present invention is simple, and it is strong to be suitable for ability, and evaporating principle is clear, reasonable, and heat exchanger efficiency is high, has realized efficient, energy-conservation evaporation, is specially adapted to the normal press-steamed method of solvent, has realized the innovation of solution evaporation new principle, new technology and new equipment thereof.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention be through solution constantly boil again and the effect of its surface tension of liquid of many capillary evaporation tube bank realizes that the continuous condensation of solvent vapo(u)r realizes that with eliminating the concentrated of solution separates with the capillary evaporation of solvent.The boiling with many capillary Shu Lengning again, separate of solution capillary evaporation, concentrate and make up, be coupled that changing into boils separates two parts or integrated evaporation with capillary condensation again.Boil again and can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Capillary evaporation can be through many capillary evaporation pipe modularizations the effect of surface tension of liquid realize direct or indirect naturally air-cooled the coagulating or direct or indirect water condensation and eliminating thereof of solvent, and then realize the capillary evaporation condensation separation with solvent that concentrates of solution.
Capillary evaporator discharge opeing of the present invention is effective, high efficiency, energy-conservation with regard to the utilization of heat energy, low-carbon (LC), efficient.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 capillary evaporation process principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 capillary evaporation process equipment of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 3 is a steam honeycomb duct type capillary evaporator structural representation of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating clamber, and 2 are the evaporation separation chamber, and 3 is condenser, and 4 are fluid-tight and relief groove, and 5 is capillary condenser, and 6 is pressure-equalizing pipe, and 7 are bundle of capillary tubes, and 8 is the steam mozzle;
Fig. 4 is a steam direct-type capillary evaporator structural representation of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating clamber, and 2 are the evaporation separation chamber, and 3 is condenser, and 4 are fluid-tight and relief groove, and 5 is capillary condenser, and 6 is pressure-equalizing pipe, and 7 are bundle of capillary tubes;
Fig. 5 is a single hose capillary evaporator structural representation of the present invention.Wherein 1 is heating clamber, and 2 are the evaporation separation chamber, and 3 is coiled tube condenser, and 4 are fluid-tight and solvent pressure compensating groove, and 5 is the single hose capillary condenser;
Fig. 6 is a capillary evaporator single tube capillary pipe structure sketch map of the present invention.Wherein 1 is capillary conehead section, mm; 2 is the capillary changeover portion, mm; 3 is capillary tube segment, mm; d
InBe capillary conehead small end internal diameter, mm; D
InBe the big end internal diameter of capillary conehead, mm; L
1Be capillary conehead length, mm; L
2Be capillary transitioning end length, mm; L
3Be capillary conehead+transitioning end length, mm; L
4Be capillary length of straigh line, mm.
The specific embodiment:
Technological core of the present invention is to have invented the capillary evaporation principle and the capillary sheet surface tension is applied to capillary evaporation, has realized that in solution capillary evaporation capillary combination, bonding force and the technology thereof of the tube bank of capillary suction nozzle are used for the application and the design of capillary evaporation technology, equipment.
The composition of capillary evaporator of the present invention mainly comprises: capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., the couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 3., capillary evaporation modularization condenser 4., take over 5., take over 6., steam, heat conduction wet goods heating agent 7., refrigerants such as air or water 8., 9. incoagulable gas wait.
Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser are 3. mainly restrained 4. by the capillary suction nozzle and 10. the condenser pipe group is formed.
Embodiments of the invention are set forth as follows:
The solution capillary evaporation principle of capillary evaporator first embodiment of the present invention is a capillary nature rise method.Main formulas is:
2πγcosθ＝πr
2ρgh (1)
In the formula: γ is a surface tension, and r is a capillary diameter, and ρ is a fluid density, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, and θ is a contact angle.
The solution capillary evaporation technological process of capillary evaporator second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.Solution constantly realizes that through the effect of its surface tension of liquid of heating and many capillary evaporation thereof tube bank that boils again the continuous condensation of solvent vapo(u)r realizes that with eliminating the concentrated of solution separates with the capillary evaporation of solvent.The boiling with many bundle of capillary tubes condensations again, separate of solution capillary evaporation, concentrate and make up, be coupled that changing into boils separates two parts or integrated evaporation with capillary condensation again.Boil again and steam method or rises film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation; Capillary evaporation can be through many capillary evaporation pipe modularizations the effect of surface tension of liquid realize direct or indirect naturally air-cooled the coagulating or direct or indirect water condensation and eliminating thereof of solvent, and then realize the capillary evaporation condensation separation with solvent that concentrates of solution.
The solution capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of capillary evaporator the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2.Mainly by capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., the couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary evaporation suction nozzle tube bank 3., capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., steam, heat conduction wet goods heating agent 7., refrigerants such as air or water 8., 9. incoagulable gas wait.Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser are 3. mainly restrained 4. by the capillary condensation suction nozzle and 10. the condenser pipe group is formed.
Capillary evaporator the 4th embodiment of the present invention is steam honeycomb duct type capillary evaporator structure, and is as shown in Figure 3.Mainly form by capillary evaporation heating clamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, stram condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, capillary condenser 5, pressure-equalizing pipe 6, bundle of capillary tubes 7, steam mozzle 8.
Capillary evaporation heating clamber 1 can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 is flow-guiding type vapour liquid separators; Stram condenser 3 can be shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser; Fluid-tight and relief groove 4 can normal pressure or vacuum type, but capillary condenser 5 is flow-guiding type condenser, pressure-equalizing pipe 6 vacuum or atmospheric operation.
Capillary evaporator the 5th embodiment of the present invention is steam direct-type capillary evaporator structure, and is as shown in Figure 4.Mainly form by capillary evaporation heating clamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, stram condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, capillary condenser 5, pressure-equalizing pipe 6, bundle of capillary tubes 7.
Capillary evaporation heating clamber 1 can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 is direct-type vapour liquid separators; Stram condenser 3 can be shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser; Fluid-tight and relief groove 4 can normal pressure or vacuum type, but capillary condenser 5 is direct-type condenser, pressure-equalizing pipe 6 vacuum or atmospheric operation.
Capillary evaporator the 6th embodiment of the present invention is single hose capillary evaporator structure, and is as shown in Figure 5.Mainly form by capillary evaporation heating clamber 1, couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2, stram condenser 3, fluid-tight and relief groove 4, single hose capillary condenser.
Capillary evaporation heating clamber 1 can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Couplingization vapor-liquid separation chamber 2 can be direct-type or flow-guiding type vapour liquid separator; Stram condenser 3 can be that shell and tube or coiled or tube-sheet type or capillary type condenser, fluid-tight and relief groove 4 can normal pressure or vacuum type, and single hose capillary condenser 5 is direct-type single tube condenser just.
Capillary evaporator the 7th embodiment of the present invention is capillary evaporator single tube capillary pipe structure, and is as shown in Figure 6.Capillary conehead section 1, capillary changeover portion 2, capillary tube segment 3, capillary conehead small end inner diameter d have mainly been identified
In, the big end inside diameter D of capillary conehead
In, capillary conehead length L
1, capillary transitioning end length L
2, capillary conehead+transitioning end length L
3, capillary length of straigh line L
4
Capillary evaporation capillary of the present invention and tube bank suction nozzle vertebra degree thereof are: D
In/ L
1=0.20～0.28, suction nozzle caliber gradient ratio is: d
In/ D
In=0.1～0.7.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention can single-action or two effects or triple effect or multiple-effect combination use.
Capillary evaporator the 8th embodiment of the present invention is serial capillary evaporation single tube evaporative condenser effect comparison experiment, and effect very significantly.Main result is like table 1,2,3,4,5, shown in 6.
Table 1 ethyl acetate extraction tower draws powder extract single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 2 alcohol extract tower draws powder extract single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 3 n-hexane n-hexane extraction column draws powder extract evaporating solvent steam capillary condensation result of the test
Table 4 methyl alcohol extraction column draws powder extract single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 5 acetone extraction tower draws powder extract single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
Table 6 benzinum extraction column draws powder extract single tube capillary evaporation result of the test
The above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with regard to the backroom boys in present technique field, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, and these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Capillary of the present invention is steamed the method principle and is capillary nature rise method.
We know, it almost is not receive any effect that receives force direction and influence for a capillary nature climbing power.When clean capillary glass tube inserted in the liquid, if this liquid can wetting capillary wall, then because of capillary effect, liquid rose along capillary, up to the power (2 π γ cos θ) that rises by the gravity of fluid column (π r
2ρ gh) institute's balance and stop to rise, that is:
2πγcosθ＝πr
2ρgh (1)
Arrangement (1) formula obtains:
In the formula: γ is a surface tension, and r is a capillary diameter, and ρ is a fluid density, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, and θ is a contact angle.
Liquid film has the trend of automatic contraction, and the power of this shrinkage surface is surface tension.Its physical significance is along the direction tangent with the surface, vertically through the power of arbitrary unit length shrinkage surface on the liquid surface, has surface tension usually, and its unit representes with mN/m.
Any liquid all has certain surface tension under certain conditions.Like the surface tension of water 20 ℃ the time is 72.75mN/m.
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary evaporation principle, technology and equipment thereof, promptly be dependent on the surface tension phenomenon that capillary exists at aqueous phase, and realized capillary evaporation technology and equipment thereof by means of the surface tension of the existence of liquid.
Solution capillary evaporation technology of the present invention is to be dependent on the surface tension phenomenon that capillary exists in liquid phase, and by means of the intrinsic solvent surface tension of liquid the concentrating of capillary combination, couplingization condensation, separation and solution thereof of accelerated solvent.
Its technological process is: see Fig. 1.
Capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of the present invention is: see Fig. 2.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention mainly comprises: capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., the couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 3., capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., steam, heat conduction wet goods heating agent 7., refrigerants such as air or water 8., 9. incoagulable gas wait.
Capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser are 4. mainly restrained 3. by the capillary condensation suction nozzle and 10. the capillary condensation tube bank is formed.
Capillary evaporator processing of the present invention is simple, and it is strong to be suitable for ability, and evaporating principle is clear, reasonable, and heat exchanger efficiency is high, has realized efficient, energy-conservation evaporation, is specially adapted to the normal press-steamed method of solvent, has realized the innovation of solution evaporation new principle, new technology and new equipment thereof.
Capillary evaporator of the present invention be through solution constantly boil again and the effect of its surface tension of liquid of many capillary evaporation tube bank realizes that the continuous condensation of solvent vapo(u)r realizes that with eliminating the concentrated of solution separates with the capillary evaporation of solvent.The boiling with many capillary Shu Lengning again, separate of solution capillary evaporation, concentrate and make up, be coupled that changing into boils separates two parts or integrated evaporation with capillary condensation again.Boil again and can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Capillary evaporation can be through many capillary evaporation pipe modularizations the effect of surface tension of liquid realize direct or indirect naturally air-cooled the coagulating or direct or indirect water condensation and eliminating thereof of solvent, and then realize the capillary evaporation condensation separation with solvent that concentrates of solution.
Capillary evaporator discharge opeing of the present invention is effective, high efficiency, energy-conservation with regard to the utilization of heat energy, low-carbon (LC), efficient.
2. capillary evaporator according to claim 1 is characterized in that capillary steaming method principle of the present invention, is capillary nature rise method.Main formulas has:
2πγcosθ＝πr
2ρgh (1)
In the formula: γ is a surface tension, and r is a capillary diameter, and ρ is a fluid density, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, and θ is a contact angle.
The present invention is dependent on the surface tension phenomenon that capillary exists in liquid phase, and has realized capillary evaporation technology and equipment thereof by means of the surface tension of the existence of liquid.
3. capillary evaporator according to claim 1; It is characterized in that capillary evaporation technology of the present invention; It is dependent on capillary, and to exist at aqueous phase that capillary rises be the surface tension phenomenon, and the condensation of capillary modularization, separation and the solution thereof of liquid intrinsic capillary rising phenomenon and surface tension thereof and accelerated solvent concentrates whereby; Its technological process is: see Fig. 1.
4. capillary evaporator according to claim 1 is characterized in that capillary evaporation process equipment flow process of the present invention, is: see Fig. 2.
5. capillary evaporator according to claim 1; It is characterized in that capillary evaporator of the present invention, mainly comprise: capillary evaporation boil again heater 1., the couplingization vapour liquid separator 2., capillary evaporation suction nozzle beam combination 3., capillary evaporation combination, couplingization condenser 4., adapter 5., adapter 6., steam, heat conduction wet goods heating agent 7., refrigerants such as air or water 8., 9. incoagulable gas wait.Capillary evaporation modularization condenser 3. mainly by capillary condensation suction nozzle combiner 4. and condensation tube bank 10. form.
6. capillary evaporator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that solution capillary evaporation can make boils and bundle of capillary tubes realizes combination and couplingization evaporation again.Main form evaporator has: steam honeycomb duct type capillary evaporator, steam direct-type capillary evaporator, single hose capillary evaporator.
7. capillary evaporator according to claim 4; It is characterized in that boiling again and can or rise film or realizations such as falling liquid film steaming method or molecule evaporation through external heat source such as coil pipe or short tube evaporation or outer circulation or interior circulation steaming method; Capillary evaporation can realize direct or indirect naturally air-cooled the coagulating or direct or indirect water condensation and eliminating thereof of solvent through the effect of many capillary evaporation tube bank surface tension of liquids, and then realizes that the concentrated of solution separates with the capillary evaporation of solvent.
8. capillary evaporator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, capillary evaporation capillary suction nozzle vertebra degree is: D
In/ L
1=0.20～0.28, suction nozzle caliber gradient ratio is: d
In/ D
In=0.1～0.7.
9. capillary evaporator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, capillary evaporator of the present invention can single-action or two effects or triple effect or multiple-effect combination use.
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| CN201210008221.4A CN102527069B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210008221.4A CN102527069B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | A kind of Capillary evaporation principle, technique and equipment thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103007564A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
| CN104069644A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rotary evaporation theory, technology and equipment for laboratory |
| CN110053693A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 深圳市简行科技开发有限公司 | A kind of foldable electric scooter |
| CN113577802A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南京金日轻工科技发展有限公司 | Extensible energy-saving evaporator |
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| CN103007564A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
| CN103007564B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2017-02-08 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
| CN104069644A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary rotary evaporation theory, technology and equipment for laboratory |
| CN110053693A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 深圳市简行科技开发有限公司 | A kind of foldable electric scooter |
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| CN113577802A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南京金日轻工科技发展有限公司 | Extensible energy-saving evaporator |
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