CN103007564B - Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment - Google Patents
Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103007564B CN103007564B CN201310009240.3A CN201310009240A CN103007564B CN 103007564 B CN103007564 B CN 103007564B CN 201310009240 A CN201310009240 A CN 201310009240A CN 103007564 B CN103007564 B CN 103007564B
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Abstract
The invention relates to capillary rectification principle, process and equipment. The capillary rectification is based on a surface tension phenomenon of a capillary tube in a liquid phase, and accelerates capillary vaporization and condensation, combination of purification and separation, and coupled rectification of a rectification solution through surface tension, that is, capillary rectification refers that the rectification solution realizes operation of capillary rectification through the effect of the liquid surface tension of various capillary rectification tube bundles. The capillary rectification re-boiling can be realized by evaporation, external circulation heating or the like through an external heating source, such as a coil pipe or a short pipe. Condensing refrigerant for the capillary rectification is cooled by using opened type air cooling, sealed water, or freezing liquid. The capillary rectification solution provided by the invention is continuously vaporized and separated through the capillary rectification, so that a solution rectification and purification effect is good, and the efficiency is high. On the aspect of the utilization of heat, energy conversation, low carbon and high efficiency can be realized.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary principles of rectification, technique and its equipment.This technology belongs to thermal technology's conduction of Chemical Engineering
Separation engineering and Thermal Equipment technical field.
Background technology：
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary principles of rectification, technique and its equipment, it is dependent on capillary tube and there is hair in the liquid phase
Tubule rising is surface tension phenomena, and the intrinsic capillary rise phenomenon of liquid and its surface tension phenomena, have invented one kind whereby
The continuous alternately and repeatedly capillary vaporization of rectification solution and principle, technique and its equipment condensing rectification.
It is known that when in clean capillary glass tube insertion liquid, if this liquid energy moistening capillary wall, because of table
The effect of face tension force, liquid rises along capillary tube, and the power until rising is balanced by the gravity of fluid column and stops rising, that is, be referred to as
For capillary tube rising, this principle that exactly capillary evaporation accelerates and power.This capillary force can accelerate to evaporate solution gas phase
Separate！
Liquid film has the trend of automatic contraction, and the power on this contraction surface is surface tension.Its physical significance is that surface is opened
Power is along the direction with plane tangent, shrinks the power on surface perpendicular through unit length arbitrary on liquid surface.Any liquid,
All there is certain surface tension under certain conditions.If water is 72.75mN/m in 20 DEG C of surface tension being.
In consideration of it, present invention achieves a kind of capillary rectifying column, its rectification effect is good, rectification efficiency is high, with regard to the profit of heat energy
With for energy-conservation, low-carbon (LC), efficiently.
Content of the invention：
A kind of capillary principles of rectification, technique and its equipment are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Capillary principles of rectification of the present invention is capillary tube nature rise method.
It is known that capillary tube nature climbing power its be not almost subject to the effect of any Impact direction and affect.When clean
Capillary glass tube insertion liquid in when, if this liquid energy moistening capillary wall, because of capillary effect, liquid is along capillary
Pipe rises, until the power (2 π γ cos θ) rising is by gravity (the π r of fluid column2ρ gh) balanced and stop rising, that is,：
2 π γ cos θ=π r2ρgh (1)
(1) formula of arrangement, obtains：
In formula：γ is surface tension, and r is capillary diameter, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, θ
For contact angle.
Liquid film has the trend of automatic contraction, and the power on this contraction surface is surface tension.Its physical significance be along with
The direction of plane tangent, shrinks the power on surface, is usually present surface tension perpendicular through unit length arbitrary on liquid surface, its
Unit is represented with mN/m.
Any liquid, all has certain surface tension under certain conditions.As the surface tension when 20 DEG C for the water is
72.75mN/m.
The present invention relates to a kind of capillary principles of rectification, technique and its equipment, that is, it is dependent on capillary tube present in aqueous phase
Surface tension phenomena, and invent, achieve solution distillation solvent steam capillary rectification by means of the surface tension of the presence of liquid
Principle, technique and its equipment.
Capillary rectification process principle of the present invention is dependent on the surface tension phenomena that capillary tube exists in the liquid phase, and by means of
The intrinsic solution surface tension of solution rectification solution and accelerate the capillary of solution to combine, couplingization rectification, condense and separate.
Capillary rectification process of the present invention is：The solution being distillated boils through capillary rectification again and becomes steam after heater heating,
Successively enter capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section, couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section after capillary rectifying column rectification,
Carry out capillary rectification combination, couplingization vapour-liquid condensation separation, that is, capillary rectification steam is restrained and its cold by capillary condensation suction nozzle
Solidifying pipe group and condense and obtain capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid.Capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid sub-fraction returns in rectifying column, uses
In the concentration of balance rectifying column liquid fractionation, most of capillary rectification condensation liquid fractionation is received to storage tank after cooling down further.Hair
The heating agent that heating is boiled in thin rectification again is superheated steam or heat conduction deep fat.Capillary rectification combination, couplingization condense suction nozzle restrain and its
The condensation of condensing tube group, cooling coolant are air or water or freezing liquid.Incoagulability gas in capillary rectification combination, couplingization condensation
Body is discharged through normal pressure or evacuation.The capillary condensation suction nozzle tube bank of capillary rectification and capillary condensation and its condensing tube group condensation group
Close, couplingization is constituted.
The capillary rectifying device of the present invention mainly has：Boil again heater 1., capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section
2., capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section 3., capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser 4., take over 5. 6., steam or
Conduction oil heating agent 7., air or water or freezing liquid coolant 8., incoagulable gas 9., solvent cooler 10..
The capillary rectification process equipment flowsheet of the present invention is：The solution that is distillated first boils heater again via capillary rectification and 1. adds
Become steam after heat, successively enter capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section 2., capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary smart
Evaporate section 3., and then by capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser 4. condensation separation, that is, capillary rectification steam is by capillary condensation
Suction nozzle tube bank and its condensing tube group and condense and obtain capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid.Capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid is respectively through adapter
6. sub-fraction returns in rectifying column, and for balancing the concentration of rectifying column liquid fractionation, most of capillary rectification condenses liquid fractionation warp
10. receive to storage tank after cooling down through solvent cooler again after adapter 6..Capillary rectification boil again heating heating agent 7. have superheated steam or
Heat conduction deep fat.Capillary rectification combination, couplingization condense suction nozzle tube bank and its 8. the condensation of condensing tube group, cooling coolant select air
Or water or freezing liquid.Incoagulable gas in capillary rectification combination, couplingization condensation 9. through adapter, 5. discharge by normal pressure or evacuation.
Capillary rectification is restrained with the capillary condensation suction nozzle of capillary condensation and its condensation of condensing tube group is combined, couplingization is constituted.
Capillary rectification process equipment flowsheet of the present invention is simple, and applicable ability is strong；Principles of rectification is clear, reasonable, rectification efficiency
High it is achieved that efficiently, energy-saving rectifying, be particularly well-suited to the vaporization of solvent atmospheric distillation with condensation it is achieved that rectification new principle, new work
Skill, the innovation of the science and technology of new equipment.
Capillary rectification is mainly realized molten by the effect of its surface tension of liquid of bundle of capillary tubes of solution rectification steam
Liquid constantly alternately vaporizes and condensation is purified, and thus makes constantly repeatedly vaporizing and condensing of solution bundle of capillary tubes rectification solution
And achieve the capillary couplingization vaporization of rectification solution and the rectification and purification of condensation, separate and its technological operation.
It is good with condensation rectification and purification effect that capillary rectification solution of the present invention constantly vaporizes repeatedly, and rectification efficiency is high, with regard to heat energy
Utilization for energy-conservation, low-carbon (LC), efficiently.
Brief description：
Fig. 1 capillary of the present invention rectification process schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 capillary of the present invention rectification process equipment flowsheet；
Fig. 3 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization is horizontal or inclined capillary condenser structural representation.Its in figure 1 is that capillary is cold
Solidifying steam guiding end socket and guide wire, 2 is the tube bank of capillary tube conehead, and 3 is upper perforated plate, and 4 is capillary evaporation condensing tube group, under 5 are
Tube sheet, 6 is low head；
Fig. 4 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization vertical capillary condenser modularization condenser structure schematic diagram.Its in figure 1 is
Capillary condensation steam guiding end socket and guide wire, 2 is the tube bank of capillary tube conehead, and 3 is upper perforated plate, and 4 is capillary evaporation condensing tube group,
5 is lower perforated plate, and 6 is low head；
Fig. 5 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization direct guiding type capillary condenser structural representation.Its in figure 1 is that capillary is cold
Solidifying steam guiding end socket and guide wire, 2 is the tube bank of capillary tube conehead, and 3 is vapor-liquid separation chamber, and 4 is fluid-tight and pressure adjustment
Groove, 5 is pressure-equalizing pipe；
Fig. 6 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization single tube capillary bead tube structural representation.Its in figure 1 is capillary tube conehead
Section, 2 is capillary tube changeover portion, and 3 is capillary tube segment, dInteriorFor capillary tube conehead small end inner diameter, mm；DInteriorFor in the big end of capillary tube conehead
Footpath, mm；L1For capillary tube conehead length, mm；L2For capillary tube transitioning end length, mm；L3For capillary tube conehead+transitioning end length,
mm；L4For capillary tube length of straigh line, mm.
Fig. 7 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization tradition condensation configuration capillary rectifying tower structure schematic diagram.Its in figure 1 is capillary
Rectifying column rectifying section, 2 is capillary rectifying column stripping section, and 3 is reboiler, and 4 is condenser, and 5 is regarding cup, and 6 is solution reservoir；
Fig. 8 capillary of the present invention rectification modularization capillary condensation configures the structural representation of capillary rectifying column.Its in figure 1 is hair
Thin rectifying column rectifying section, 2 is capillary rectifying column stripping section, and 3 is reboiler, and 4 is that capillary rectification modularization is horizontal or inclined capillary
Condenser or the vertical capillary condenser of capillary rectification modularization, 5 is regarding cup, and 6 is solution reservoir, and 7 is that capillary rectification modularization is straight
Connect guiding type capillary condenser, 8 is fluid-tight and pressure adjustment groove.
Specific embodiment：
The technological core of the present invention is to have invented capillary principles of rectification and its capillary surface tension force is applied to rectification solution
Constantly capillary vaporization alternately and repeatedly and the rectification and purification of condensation, achieve the tube bank of rectification solution capillary suction nozzle in solution rectification
Capillary combination, bonding force and its technology be used for principles of rectification, the application of Processes and apparatus and the design of capillary rectification.
The composition of the capillary condenser of the present invention, main inclusion：Boil again heater 1., couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section
2., couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section 3., capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser 4., take over 5. 6., steam or heat conduction deep fat
Deng heating agent 7., air or the coolant such as water or freezing liquid 8., incoagulable gas 9., solvent cooler 10. etc..
Embodiments of the invention are described below：
The first embodiment of the present invention is capillary tube nature rise method for capillary principles of rectification.Main formulas are：
2 π γ cos θ=π r2ρgh (1)
In formula：γ is surface tension, and r is capillary diameter, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is that fluid column is high, θ
For contact angle.
The second embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification process flow process, as shown in Figure 1.Rectification solution constantly alternately and repeatedly leads to
The continuous vaporization of rectification liquid and the rectification and purification of condensation are realized in the effect crossing its surface tension of liquid of bundle of capillary tubes.Rectification solution
The new capillary rectification process of bundle of capillary tubes vaporization, condensation, purification combination, coupling chemical conversion.Capillary rectification is by many capillary rectification
Pipe bundle combinations, the effect of the surface tension of liquid of couplingization are realized the bundle of capillary tubes vaporization of rectification solution, are condensed, purify, and are carried
Pure detached solvent passes through naturally direct or indirect air-cooled solidifying or direct or indirect water condensation and its row of capillary condenser
Remove, and then realize the capillary rectification process of rectification solution.
The third embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification process equipment flowsheet, as shown in Figure 2.Main inclusion：Boil heating again
Device 1., couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section 2., couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section 3., capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser
4., adapter 5. 6., the heating agent such as steam or heat conduction deep fat 7., air or the coolant such as water or freezing liquid 8., incoagulable gas 9., solvent
10. etc. cooler.
Capillary rectification process equipment flowsheet of the present invention is simple, and applicable ability is strong；Principles of rectification is clear, reasonable, rectification efficiency
High it is achieved that efficiently, energy-saving rectifying, be particularly well-suited to the vaporization of solvent atmospheric distillation with condensation it is achieved that rectification new principle, new work
Skill, the innovation of the science and technology of new equipment.
The fourth embodiment of the present invention is that capillary rectification modularization is horizontal or inclined capillary condenser structure, as shown in Figure 3.
Mainly end socket and guide wire 1, capillary tube conehead tube bank 2, upper perforated plate 3, capillary evaporation condensing tube group are guided by capillary condensation steam
4th, lower perforated plate 5, low head 6 form.
The fifth embodiment of the present invention is the vertical capillary condenser structure of capillary rectification modularization, as shown in Figure 4.Main by
Capillary condensation steam guiding end socket and guide wire 1, capillary tube conehead tube bank 2, upper perforated plate 3, capillary evaporation condensing tube group 4, down tube
Plate 5, low head 6 form.
The sixth embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification modularization direct guiding type capillary condenser structure, as shown in Figure 5.
Mainly end socket is guided by capillary condensation steam and guide wire 1, capillary tube conehead tube bank 2, vapor-liquid separation chamber 3, fluid-tight and pressure are adjusted
Section compensating groove 4, pressure-equalizing pipe 5 form.
The seventh embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification modularization capillary condenser single tube capillary pipe structure, as shown in Figure 6.
Primary identity capillary tube conehead section 1, capillary tube changeover portion 2, capillary tube segment 3, capillary tube conehead small end inner diameter dInterior, capillary tube cone
Head is big to hold internal diameter DInterior, capillary tube conehead length L1, capillary tube transitioning end length L2, capillary tube conehead+transitioning end length L3, capillary
Pipe length of straigh line L4.
Capillary rectification weeping out of the present invention and its tube bank suction nozzle vertebra degree are：DInterior/L1=0.20～0.28, suction nozzle caliber
Gradient proportion is：dInterior/DInterior=0.1～0.7.
Capillary rectification modularization capillary condenser of the present invention can be applied in combination in parallel or series.
The eighth embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification modularization tradition condensation configuration capillary rectifying tower structure, as Fig. 7 institute
Show.Mainly by capillary rectifying column rectifying section 1, capillary rectifying column stripping section 2, reboiler 3, condenser 4, regard cup 5, solvent feed tank 6
Deng composition.
The ninth embodiment of the present invention is that capillary rectification modularization capillary condensation configures capillary rectifying tower structure, as Fig. 8 institute
Show.Main by capillary rectifying column rectifying section 1, capillary rectifying column stripping section 2, reboiler 3, capillary rectification horizontal or inclined capillary
The vertical capillary condenser 4 of condenser or capillary rectification, regard cup 5, solvent feed tank 6, capillary rectification direct guiding type capillary cold
Condenser 7, fluid-tight and pressure adjustment groove 8 etc. form.
The tenth embodiment of the present invention is capillary rectification modularization series capillary rectification condensation effect contrast experiment.Main according to
According in all multiple different solvents, tower is drawn with powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test, its evaporation is very notable with condensation effect.
Main result is as shown in table 1,2,3,4,5,6.
Table 1 ethyl acetate extraction column draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
Table 2 acetone extraction tower draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
Table 3 ethanol extraction tower draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
Table 4 normal hexane n-hexane extraction column draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
Table 5 methanol extraction tower draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
Table 6 Petroleum ether extraction tower draws powder extracting solution capillary evaporation and agglutination,cold test result
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, for the backroom boys of the art, is not taking off
On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of capillary rectification process is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Capillary rectification is dependent on the surface tension phenomena that capillary tube exists in the liquid phase, and it is by means of the intrinsic solution of solution rectification
Capillary internal motivation and accelerate the capillary combination of solution, couplingization rectification, condense and separate；
Capillary rectification process is：The solution being distillated boils through capillary rectification again and becomes steam after heater heating, successively enters hair
Thin rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section, capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section, after capillary rectifying column rectification, enter
Row capillary rectification combination, couplingization vapour-liquid condensation separation；Capillary rectification steam is restrained and its condensing tube by capillary condensation suction nozzle
Group and condense and obtain capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid；Capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid sub-fraction returns in rectifying column, for putting down
The concentration of liquid fractionation in weighing apparatus rectifying column, most of capillary rectification condensation liquid fractionation is received to storage tank after cooling down further；Capillary
The heating agent that heating is boiled in rectification again is superheated steam or heat conduction deep fat；Capillary rectification combination, couplingization condensation suction nozzle are restrained and its cold
The condensation of solidifying pipe group, cooling coolant are air or water or freezing liquid；Incoagulable gas in capillary rectification combination, couplingization condensation
Discharge through normal pressure or evacuation；Capillary rectification is restrained with the capillary condensation suction nozzle of capillary condensation and its condensation of condensing tube group is combined,
Couplingization is constituted；
Capillary rectifying device mainly has：Boil heater (1), capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section (2), capillary rectification again
Couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section (3), capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser (4), adapter (5,6), steam or heat-conduction oil heat
Matchmaker (7), air or water or freezing liquid coolant (8), incoagulable gas (9), solvent cooler (10)；
Capillary rectification process equipment flowsheet is：Rectification solution boils via capillary rectification again and becomes steam after heater (1) heating, first
Enter capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary stripping section (2), capillary rectification couplingization vapour-liquid capillary rectifying section (3), Jin Ertong afterwards
Cross capillary rectification combination, couplingization condenser (4) condensation separation, that is, capillary rectification steam restrained by capillary condensation suction nozzle and its
Condensing tube group and condense and obtain capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid；Capillary rectification condensate fractionation liquid is respectively through taking over (6) sub-fraction
Return in rectifying column, for balancing the concentration of liquid fractionation in rectifying column, most of capillary rectification condensation liquid fractionation is after adapter (6)
Receive to storage tank after solution cooler (10) cooling again；Employing steam or the conduction oil heating agent (7) of heating is boiled in capillary rectification again；
Capillary rectification combination, couplingization condense suction nozzle tube bank and its condensation of condensing tube group, cooling adopt air or water or freezing liquid cold
Matchmaker (8)；Incoagulable gas (9) in capillary rectification combination, couplingization condensation is discharged through adapter (5) normal pressure or evacuation；Capillary
Rectification is restrained with the capillary condensation suction nozzle of capillary condensation and its condensation of condensing tube group is combined, couplingization is constituted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310009240.3A CN103007564B (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310009240.3A CN103007564B (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2013-01-11 | Capillary rectification principle, process and equipment |
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| CN103007564A CN103007564A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103007564B true CN103007564B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103499517B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-07-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method for measuring internal contact angle of high-temperature and high-pressure capillary tube |
| CN113797578B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-03-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rectification equipment and method for separating azeotropic mixed solution |
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| US4118285A (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1978-10-03 | Villanova University | Separation of liquid mixtures |
| CN2036442U (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1989-04-26 | 南通环球膜技术工程总公司 | Capillary membrane distilling device with casing pipe of thin wall |
| CN102527069A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary evaporation principle and process as well as equipment thereof |
| CN102553285A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-11 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Principle and process of capillary condensation and device thereof |
| CN202366495U (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-08-08 | 上海星可高纯溶剂有限公司 | Capillary molecular distiller |
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2013
- 2013-01-11 CN CN201310009240.3A patent/CN103007564B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4118285A (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1978-10-03 | Villanova University | Separation of liquid mixtures |
| CN2036442U (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1989-04-26 | 南通环球膜技术工程总公司 | Capillary membrane distilling device with casing pipe of thin wall |
| CN202366495U (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-08-08 | 上海星可高纯溶剂有限公司 | Capillary molecular distiller |
| CN102527069A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Capillary evaporation principle and process as well as equipment thereof |
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