CN102522766A - Flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A purpose of the present invention is disclosing a flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with a power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof. The inverter comprises a flyback converter and a power frequency polarity conversion circuit. The flyback converter is provided with a power decoupling circuit, a decoupling capacitance voltage grade is higher than output voltage of a solar energy photovoltaic array, decoupling capacitance voltage is allowed to fluctuate in a large range, thus decoupling capacitance capacity is decreased, power decoupling can be realized by only using a non-electrolytic capacitor, using an electrolytic capacitor is avoided, a service life of the miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter is prolonged, and reliability is raised. Through the control method, not only is decoupling of miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter output power and solar energy photovoltaic array output power realized, but also direct current voltage and current waveform outputted by the solar energy photovoltaic array can maintain smooth, a service life of the solar energy photovoltaic array is guaranteed, and realization of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
A kind of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of inverse-excitation type and control method thereof that has the power decoupled circuit of the present invention.
Background technology
Miniature photovoltaic combining inverter more and more receives people's attention because its capacity usage ratio is high, system extension property is good, be easy to advantage such as installation.Particularly, when miniature inverter was combined formation AC module with single solar energy photovoltaic array, inverter needed the life-span that is complementary with photovoltaic array.
In the miniature photovoltaic combining inverter, the solar energy photovoltaic array is because the effect of MPPT produces the power of smooth direct current, and the power of surveying that is incorporated into the power networks is the power pulsations of twice mains frequency.Usually at solar energy photovoltaic array two ends and the electrochemical capacitor of the United Nations General Assembly's appearance value solve the unbalanced problem of this instantaneous power, realize power decoupled.Yet the life-span of electrochemical capacitor is very short, far below the life-span of solar energy photovoltaic array.Therefore, electrochemical capacitor becomes the key factor in restriction inverter life-span, has also reduced the reliability of whole system.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is the defective that exists to combining inverter in the background technology, for improving the life-span and the reliability of inverter, a kind of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of inverse-excitation type that has the power decoupled circuit is provided.For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of inverse-excitation type that has the power decoupled circuit, it comprises an anti exciting converter and a power frequency polarity switching; The output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array is connected with the input of output filter capacitor and said anti exciting converter through the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array; The output port of said anti exciting converter is connected with said power frequency polarity switching; Be provided with a power decoupled circuit in the said anti exciting converter, said power decoupled circuit input end is connected with input filter capacitor with the solar energy photovoltaic array, and output is connected with the former limit of said anti exciting converter.
On the basis of adopting technique scheme, the present invention also can adopt following further technical scheme:
Described power decoupled circuit comprises the first decoupling zero switching tube, the second decoupling zero switching tube, a decoupling zero diode, a decoupling zero inductance and a decoupling capacitance; The said first decoupling zero switching tube is connected with input filter capacitor with the solar energy photovoltaic array with said decoupling zero inductance series connection back; Described decoupling capacitance one end is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and an end of said input filter capacitor, and the described decoupling capacitance other end is connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode, the source electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube; The negative pole of said decoupling zero diode is connected with the source electrode of said decoupling zero switching tube and an end of said decoupling zero inductance, and the other end of said decoupling zero inductance is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and the other end of said input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the former limit of all anti exciting converters switching tube.
Said anti exciting converter comprises former limit switching tube, transformer, secondary-side switch pipe and secondary rectifier diode; The end of the same name of the former limit winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and an end of said input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the drain electrode of said former limit switching tube, the drain electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube; The source electrode of said former limit switching tube is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of the other end of said input filter capacitor and solar energy photovoltaic array; The non-same polarity of the secondary winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with missing of said secondary-side switch pipe; The source electrode of said secondary-side switch pipe is connected with the positive pole of said secondary rectifier diode; One end of the negative pole of said secondary rectifier diode and output filter capacitor be connected.The end of the same name of the secondary winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the other end of said output filter capacitor.
The input of said power frequency polarity switching is connected with said output filter capacitor.Said power frequency polarity switching is the full bridge inverter that is made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive signal of four switching tubes in the said power frequency polarity switching drives homophase to pipe, and pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
Said input filter capacitor, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance are non-electrolytic capacitor.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of control method of above-mentioned photovoltaic combining inverter.For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: the former limit of the transformer of said anti exciting converter exciting current adopts peak current control, and transformer secondary output average current is modulated to the half-sinusoid shape; The output voltage of said anti exciting converter is clamped by line voltage; Said power frequency polarity switching is handled the half-sinusoid electric current that said anti exciting converter is exported through the method for polar switching, and it is connected to the grid, and realizes the sinusoidal grid-connected current of output.
On the basis of adopting technique scheme, the present invention also can adopt following further technical scheme:
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array; The former limit of said anti exciting converter switching tube is open-minded; The former limit of said transformer magnetizing inductance magnetizes by the sinusoidal current benchmark, and the former limit of said subsequently anti exciting converter switching tube turn-offs, said decoupling zero circuit working; The said first decoupling zero switching tube is open-minded, and the said first decoupling zero switching tube turn-offed after said decoupling zero inductive current reached decoupling zero peak current benchmark; Said decoupling zero inductive current is through the solar energy photovoltaic array, and said decoupling capacitance and said decoupling zero diode continuousing flow reduce to zero until electric current; The conducting of said subsequently anti-violent change depressor secondary-side switch pipe, the energy of transformer storage is coupled to secondary, discharges to electrical network through said power frequency polarity switching.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter during greater than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the former limit of said anti exciting converter switching tube is open-minded, the former limit of the transformer of sending out magnetizing inductance magnetize by the fixed current benchmark; The former limit of said subsequently anti exciting converter switching tube turn-offs; The said second decoupling zero switching tube is open-minded, and said decoupling capacitance continues to the magnetizing inductance charging, behind the sinusoidal current benchmark; The said second decoupling zero switching tube turn-offs; The conducting of said transformer secondary-side switch pipe, the energy of transformer storage is coupled to secondary, discharges to electrical network through said power frequency polarity switching.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the sinusoidal current benchmark i of said magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
The decoupling zero peak current benchmark i of said decoupling zero inductance
DecouplingFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, V
PvBe the output voltage values of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mBe the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dBe decoupling zero inductance, V
dBe the instantaneous voltage on the decoupling capacitance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter during greater than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the fixed current benchmark i of said magnetizing inductance
ReffixFor:
Said sinusoidal current benchmark i when said decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mMagnetizing inductance for anti exciting converter.
The present invention adopts decoupling capacitance to replace electrochemical capacitor on the former dc bus to play the effect of decoupling zero through the decoupling zero circuit; Make the decoupling capacitance electric pressure be higher than the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array, allow decoupling capacitance voltage wide fluctuations, thereby the decoupling capacitance capacity is reduced; Only need use non-electrolytic capacitor can realize power decoupled; Thereby avoided the use electrochemical capacitor, prolonged the useful life of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter, improved reliability.Through this control method; Not only realized the decoupling zero of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter power output and photovoltaic array output power; And can let the direct voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array output and current waveform keep mild; Guarantee the useful life of solar energy photovoltaic array, also helped realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter circuit theory diagrams of inverse-excitation type that have the power decoupled circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is be incorporated into the power networks in the power frequency period voltage, electric current and corresponding power oscillogram.
Fig. 3 is for using each signal waveforms of high frequency period of control method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done detailed description.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of miniature photovoltaic combining inverter 10 of inverse-excitation type that has the power decoupled circuit of the present invention, it comprises an anti exciting converter 101 and a power frequency polarity switching 103; The output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array 20 is connected with the input of anti exciting converter 101 through the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array; The output port of anti exciting converter 101 is connected with power frequency polarity switching 103 with output filter capacitor; Be provided with a power decoupled circuit 102 in the anti exciting converter 101, power decoupled circuit 102 inputs are connected with input filter capacitor with solar energy photovoltaic array 20, and output is connected with said anti exciting converter 101 former limits.
Power decoupled circuit 102 comprises the first decoupling zero switching tube 1021, decoupling zero inductance 1022, decoupling zero diode 1023, decoupling capacitance 1024 and the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025; The first decoupling zero switching tube 1021 is connected with input filter capacitor with solar energy photovoltaic array 20 with decoupling zero inductance 1022 series connection backs; Decoupling capacitance 1,024 one ends are connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array 20 and an end of input filter capacitor, and decoupling capacitance 1024 other ends are connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode 1023, the source electrode of the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025; The negative pole of decoupling zero diode 1023 is connected with the source electrode of the first decoupling zero switching tube 1021 and an end of decoupling zero inductance 1022, and the other end of decoupling zero inductance 1022 is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array 20 and the other end of input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025 is connected with the drain electrode of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube 1012.
Anti exciting converter 101 comprises transformer 1011, former limit switching tube 1012, secondary-side switch pipe 1013 and secondary rectifier diode; The end of the same name of the former limit winding of anti-violent change depressor 1011 is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array 20 and an end of said input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of anti-violent change depressor 1011 is connected with the drain electrode of said former limit switching tube 1012, the drain electrode of the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025; The source electrode of former limit switching tube 1012 is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of the other end of input filter capacitor and solar energy photovoltaic array 20; The non-same polarity of the secondary winding of said anti-violent change depressor 1011 is connected with missing of secondary-side switch pipe 1012; The source electrode of 1013 secondary-side switch pipes is connected with the positive pole of secondary rectifier diode; One end of the negative pole of secondary rectifier diode and output filter capacitor be connected.The end of the same name of the secondary winding of anti-violent change depressor 1011 is connected with the other end of output filter capacitor.
The input of power frequency polarity switching 30 is connected with output filter capacitor.Power frequency polarity switching 30 is the full bridge inverters that are made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive signal of four switching tubes in the said power frequency polarity switching; Pipe is driven homophase, and pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
V
PVThe VD of-solar energy photovoltaic array 20; V
g-grid side voltage; The transformer 1011 of T-anti exciting converter, the former secondary turn ratio is 1:N; S
m-former limit main switch 1012; S
1-the first decoupling zero switching tube 1021; S
2-the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025; L
d-decoupling zero inductance 1022; D
d-decoupling zero diode 1023; C
d-decoupling capacitance 1024; S
D-anti exciting converter secondary-side switch pipe 1013; D
DThe secondary rectifier diode of-anti exciting converter; S
AC1~ S
AC4The switching tube of-polarity switching 103; C
In-input filter capacitor; C
o-output filter capacitor; L
fThe filter inductance of-output filter; C
fThe filter capacitor of-output filter;
The input filter capacitor of photovoltaic combining inverter 10 of the present invention, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance 1024 are non-electrolytic capacitor.
With reference to Fig. 2, in the power frequency period, line voltage v
Ac(t), current i
Ac(t) be the sine wave of homophase, consequent instantaneous power is p
Ac(t):
And the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array is:
Like this, the difference of the instantaneous value of input and output is the power p that the decoupling zero circuit need be handled
d(t):
Fig. 3 is in the power frequency period, the current reference of static exciter inductance and the drive waveforms of each switching tube.Wherein, p
Pv(t) be the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, p
Ac(t) output to the instantaneous power of electrical network for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.i
1Be the transient current of solar energy photovoltaic array output, i
LmBe the electric current of the former limit of inverse excitation type converter magnetizing inductance, i
sBe the transient current of inverter secondary, S
mThe drive signal of the former limit of inverse excitation type converter switching tube, S
1Be the drive signal of the first decoupling zero switching tube in the decoupling zero circuit, S
2Be the drive signal of the second decoupling zero switching tube in the decoupling zero circuit, S
dDrive signal for inverse excitation type converter secondary-side switch pipe.i
RefsinBe the sinusoidal current benchmark of the former limit of inverse excitation type converter magnetizing inductance, i
DecouplingBe the decoupling zero peak current benchmark of decoupling zero inductance in the decoupling zero circuit, i
ReffixFixed current benchmark for the former limit of inverse excitation type converter magnetizing inductance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter was not more than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, its control procedure was following: the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube 1012 is open-minded, and transformer 1011 former limit magnetizing inductances are pressed sinusoidal current benchmark i
RefsinMagnetize, the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube 1012 turn-offs subsequently, 102 work of decoupling zero circuit, and the first decoupling zero switching tube 1021 is open-minded, and the electric current of decoupling zero inductance 1022 reaches current reference i
DecouplingThe back first decoupling zero switching tube 1021 turn-offs.Decoupling zero inductance 1022 electric currents reduce to zero through solar energy photovoltaic array 20, decoupling capacitance 1024 and 1023 afterflows of decoupling zero diode until electric current.1013 conductings of anti-subsequently violent change depressor secondary-side switch pipe, the energy of transformer 1011 storages is coupled to secondary, discharges through power frequency polarity switching 103 and gives electrical network 30.The sinusoidal current benchmark i of magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
The current reference i of decoupling zero inductance 1022
DecouplingFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, V
PvBe the output voltage values of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mBe the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dBe decoupling zero inductance, V
dBe the instantaneous voltage on the decoupling capacitance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter during greater than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube 1012 is open-minded, and transformer 1011 former limit magnetizing inductances are by fixing current reference i
ReffixMagnetize, the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube 1012 turn-offs subsequently, and the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025 is open-minded, and decoupling capacitance 1024 continues to reach sinusoidal current benchmark i to the magnetizing inductance charging until former limit exciting current
RefsinAfter, the second decoupling zero switching tube 1025 turn-offs, 1013 conductings of transformer secondary-side switch pipe, and the energy of transformer 1011 storages is coupled to secondary, discharges through said power frequency polarity switching 103 and gives electrical network 30.The fixed current benchmark i of magnetizing inductance
ReffixFor:
Said sinusoidal current benchmark i when decoupling capacitance 1024 continuation are charged to magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mMagnetizing inductance for anti exciting converter.
According to the miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of the inverse-excitation type that has the power decoupled circuit shown in Figure 1; According to above-mentioned control method; Can decoupling capacitance appearance value be reduced in the thin-film capacitor appearance value scope; Replace electrochemical capacitor with long-life thin-film capacitor, thereby realize the purpose in the life-span of the miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of raising.
Claims (10)
1. miniature photovoltaic combining inverter of inverse-excitation type that has the power decoupled circuit, it is characterized in that: it comprises an anti exciting converter and a power frequency polarity switching; The output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array is connected with the input of said anti exciting converter through the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array; The output port of said anti exciting converter is connected with said power frequency polarity switching with output filter capacitor; Be provided with a power decoupled circuit in the said anti exciting converter, said power decoupled circuit input end is connected with input filter capacitor with the solar energy photovoltaic array, and output is connected with the former limit of said anti exciting converter.
2. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power decoupled circuit comprises the first decoupling zero switching tube, the second decoupling zero switching tube, a decoupling zero diode, a decoupling zero inductance and a decoupling capacitance; The said first decoupling zero switching tube is connected with input filter capacitor with the solar energy photovoltaic array with said decoupling zero inductance series connection back; Described decoupling capacitance one end is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and an end of said input filter capacitor, and the described decoupling capacitance other end is connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode, the source electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube; The negative pole of said decoupling zero diode is connected with the source electrode of said decoupling zero switching tube and an end of said decoupling zero inductance, and the other end of said decoupling zero inductance is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and the other end of said input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the former limit of said anti exciting converter switching tube.
3. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said anti exciting converter comprises former limit switching tube, transformer, secondary-side switch pipe and secondary rectifier diode; The end of the same name of the former limit winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of solar energy photovoltaic array and an end of said input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the drain electrode of said former limit switching tube, the drain electrode of the said second decoupling zero switching tube; The source electrode of said former limit switching tube is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of the other end of said input filter capacitor and solar energy photovoltaic array; The non-same polarity of the secondary winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with missing of said secondary-side switch pipe; The source electrode of said secondary-side switch pipe is connected with the positive pole of said secondary rectifier diode; One end of the negative pole of said secondary rectifier diode and output filter capacitor be connected, the end of the same name of the secondary winding of said anti-violent change depressor is connected with the other end of said output filter capacitor.
4. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the input of said power frequency polarity switching is connected with said output filter capacitor, and said power frequency polarity switching is the full bridge inverter that is made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive signal of four switching tubes in the said power frequency polarity switching drives homophase to pipe, and pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
5. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said input filter capacitor, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance are non-electrolytic capacitor.
6. the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the former limit of the transformer of said anti exciting converter exciting current adopts peak current control, and transformer secondary output average current is modulated to the half-sinusoid shape; The output voltage of said anti exciting converter is clamped by line voltage; Said power frequency polarity switching is handled the half-sinusoid electric current that said anti exciting converter is exported through the method for polar switching, and it is connected to the grid, and realizes the sinusoidal grid-connected current of output.
7. the described control method of claim 6 is characterized in that, said photovoltaic combining inverter also has the structure of claim 2 and 3;
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array; The former limit of said anti exciting converter switching tube is open-minded; The former limit of said transformer magnetizing inductance magnetizes by the sinusoidal current benchmark, and the former limit of said subsequently anti exciting converter switching tube turn-offs, said decoupling zero circuit working; The said first decoupling zero switching tube is open-minded, and the said first decoupling zero switching tube turn-offed after said decoupling zero inductive current reached decoupling zero peak current benchmark; Said decoupling zero inductive current is through the solar energy photovoltaic array, and said decoupling capacitance and said decoupling zero diode continuousing flow reduce to zero until electric current; The conducting of said subsequently anti-violent change depressor secondary-side switch pipe, the energy of transformer storage is coupled to secondary, discharges to electrical network through said power frequency polarity switching.
8. control method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said photovoltaic combining inverter also has the structure of claim 2 and 3;
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter during greater than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the former limit of said anti exciting converter switching tube is open-minded, and the former limit of said transformer magnetizing inductance magnetizes by the fixed current benchmark; The former limit of said subsequently anti exciting converter switching tube turn-offs; The said second decoupling zero switching tube is open-minded, and said decoupling capacitance continues to the magnetizing inductance charging, behind the sinusoidal current benchmark; The said second decoupling zero switching tube turn-offs; The conducting of said transformer secondary-side switch pipe, the energy of transformer storage is coupled to secondary, discharges to electrical network through said power frequency polarity switching.
9. control method according to claim 7 is characterized in that when the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, the sinusoidal current benchmark i of said magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
The decoupling zero peak current benchmark i of said decoupling zero inductance
DecouplingFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, V
PvBe the output voltage values of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mBe the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dBe decoupling zero inductance, V
dBe the instantaneous voltage on the decoupling capacitance.
10. its control method according to claim 8 is characterized in that when the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter during greater than the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array the fixed current benchmark i of said magnetizing inductance
ReffixFor:
Said sinusoidal current benchmark i when said decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance
RefsinFor:
P wherein
PvBe the power output of solar energy photovoltaic array, T
sBe the switch periods of the former limit of anti exciting converter switching tube, L
mMagnetizing inductance for anti exciting converter.
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