CN103887981A - Full-bridge DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Full-bridge DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103887981A
CN103887981A CN201410104425.7A CN201410104425A CN103887981A CN 103887981 A CN103887981 A CN 103887981A CN 201410104425 A CN201410104425 A CN 201410104425A CN 103887981 A CN103887981 A CN 103887981A
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full
bridge
former limit
converter
circuit
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李武华
蒋群
梅烨
何湘宁
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a full-bridge DC-DC converter. The full-bridge DC-DC converter comprises two primary side modules connected in series and two secondary side modules connected in parallel, wherein the primary side modules are used for converting direct current after voltage sharing into alternating current, and transmitting the alternating current to the corresponding secondary side modules through a coupling method, and the secondary side modules are used for converting the received alternating current into direct current; the two secondary side modules jointly apply the direct current obtained in the respective conversion process to a load. According to the full-bridge DC-DC converter, a low-voltage and high-performance switching element can be selected, loss is reduced, the efficiency of the converter is improved, and the size of the converter is reduced. The full-bridge DC-DC converter can achieve automatic voltage sharing of a bus capacitor at a direct current side, lowers the complexity of a control ring, and can achieve high-efficiency and high-performance DC-DC conversion on the occasion with high input voltage.

Description

A kind of full-bridge DC-DC converter
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to a kind of full-bridge DC-DC(DC-to-DC) converter.
Background technology
Along with the consumption and exhaustion of fossil energy, sending out of regenerative resource opened and utilizes the extensive concern that has been subject to various circles of society.For solving the problem of utilizing of the new forms of energy such as photovoltaic, wind energy, fuel cell, the concepts such as direct current distributed power source and direct current microgrid are suggested, and make the utilization of new forms of energy no longer be subject to the restriction of the factor such as mains frequency, phase place.In DC distributed power system or direct current micro-grid system, relate to high voltage dc bus, for improving electric energy transfer capability and reducing transition loss, efficient high voltage bearing DC-DC converter is essential.
The general conventional bridge structure being formed by high tension apparatus or the three level structures that formed by low-voltage device of adopting of existing high pressure DC-DC converter.The high tension apparatus that conventional bridge circuit adopts comprises IGBT or high-voltage MOSFET etc.IGBT, owing to there being larger hangover electric current, has limited the raising of switching frequency, has reduced power density; And high-voltage MOSFET has higher conducting resistance, on-state loss is large, has reduced circuit whole efficiency.The lower voltage that tri-level circuit can bear power device is 1/2nd of busbar voltage, therefore can utilize low-voltage device, improves switching frequency, thereby improves power density and efficiency.
Input series and output parallel code converter is also a kind of converter that is applicable to very much high pressure applications, and it is applied the development of push module converter, make following low-power, low-voltage, standardized circuit module can produce with different connected modes the converter of various different capacity grades, greatly improve flexibility, simplified design cycle.But the equilibrium of input voltage is most important for input series and output parallel code converter, the unbalanced collapse that may cause circuit of input voltage.The method of various optimal controls is proposed for and solves the unbalanced problem of input voltage, but has increased complexity and the cost of changer system.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of input series and output parallel type full-bridge DC-DC converter, can automatically realize the electric voltage equalization of dc-link capacitance, and switching device stress is low, control simple.
A kind of full-bridge DC-DC converter, comprises two former limit module and two secondary modules parallel with one another of series connection mutually;
Described former limit module is used for the direct current after dividing potential drop to change into alternating current, and by the mode of coupling, described alternating current is transferred to corresponding secondary module, and described secondary module is for changing into direct current by the alternating current receiving;
Two secondary modules put on the direct current being converted to separately in load jointly.
Described former limit module comprises a single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, a bus capacitor, a former limit inductance and a former limit winding; Single-phase full bridge inverter circuit DC side two ends are in parallel with bus capacitor; The positive terminal of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit AC is connected with one end of former limit inductance, and negative pole end is connected with the different name end of former limit winding; The other end of former limit inductance is connected with the Same Name of Ends of former limit winding; Described former limit winding is coupled with corresponding secondary module.
The described each brachium pontis of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit is built by some power switch pipe series connection.
Described power switch pipe adopts the MOSFET with anti-and diode.
Described secondary module comprises a secondary winding, a rectification circuit and a filter circuit; Described secondary winding centre cap and being coupled with corresponding former limit module, rectification circuit AC two ends are connected with the two ends of secondary winding respectively, the DC output end of rectification circuit is connected with the input of filter circuit, filter circuit outlet side two ends are in parallel with load, and the tap terminals of secondary winding is connected with the low-pressure end of filter circuit outlet side.
Described filter circuit is made up of a filter inductance and a filter capacitor; One end of filter inductance is connected with the DC output end of rectification circuit, and the other end is connected with one end of filter capacitor and one end of load; The other end of filter capacitor is connected with the tap terminals of secondary winding and the other end of load.
Described rectification circuit adopts full-wave rectifying circuit, full bridge rectifier or current-doubling rectifier.
Preferably, in two former limit modules, the positive terminal of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit AC connects by striding capacitance, coordinates appropriate switching signal by power switch pipe in single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, can realize the automatically equalizing voltage of DC side bus capacitor.
Preferably, leakage the two poles of the earth, source of described power switch pipe are parallel with electric capacity, and voltage build-up rate that can power-limiting switching tube blocking interval has reduced the turn-off power loss of power switch pipe; Utilize leakage inductance during power switch pipe is opened, to extract the energy on shunt capacitance, the no-voltage that can realize all power switch pipes is open-minded simultaneously, effectively reduces the turn-on consumption of switching tube.
In full-bridge DC-DC converter of the present invention, after two bus capacitor series connection in two former limit modules, be parallel to DC power supply two ends.In the ideal case, the voltage of each bus capacitor is 1/2nd of DC power supply voltage.The shutoff voltage stress of the power switch pipe in single-phase full bridge inverter circuit is single bus capacitor voltage, is 1/2nd of DC power supply voltage.Therefore converter of the present invention can be selected low pressure, high performance switching device, has reduced loss, be conducive to Lifting Transform device efficiency, reduce the volume of converter.Compared with traditional input series and output parallel converter, the present invention can realize the automatically equalizing voltage of DC side bus capacitor, has reduced the complexity of control ring.Therefore the present invention can realize the DC-DC conversion of high-efficient high performance under high input voltage occasion.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of conventional bridge DC-DC converter.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the working waveform figure of DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order more specifically to describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention and relative theory thereof are elaborated.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the electrical block diagram of conventional bridge DC-DC converter, Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of DC-DC converter of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of full-bridge DC-DC converter, comprises two former limit module and two secondary modules parallel with one another of series connection mutually.
Two former limit modules of connecting mutually comprise a DC power supply V in, two bus capacitor C 1～C 2, a striding capacitance C f, four composition the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuits power switch tube S 11, S 12, S 13and S 14, four composition the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuits power switch tube S 21, S 22, S 23and S 24, two former limit inductance L lk1～L lk2, two groups of former limit winding T 1～T 2; Wherein:
DC power supply V inpositive pole and bus capacitor C 1one end and two power switch tube S 11～S 12drain electrode be connected, V innegative pole and bus capacitor C 2first end and two power switch S 23～S 24source electrode be connected;
Power switch tube S 11source electrode and striding capacitance C fone end, power switch tube S 13drain electrode and former limit inductance L lk1one end be connected;
Power switch tube S 12source electrode and power switch tube S 14drain electrode and former limit winding T 1different name end be connected;
The C of bus capacitor 1the other end and bus capacitor C 2one end, two power switch tube S 13～S 14source electrode and two power switch tube S 21～S 22drain electrode be connected;
Power switch tube S 23drain electrode and the C of striding capacitance fthe other end, power switch tube S 21source electrode and former limit inductance L lk2one end be connected;
Power switch tube S 24drain electrode and power switch tube S 22source electrode and former limit winding T 2one end be connected;
Former limit inductance L lk1the other end and former limit winding T 1same Name of Ends be connected; Former limit inductance L lk2the other end and former limit winding T 2same Name of Ends be connected;
Eight power switch tube S 11～S 14, S 21～S 24grid the switching signal that provides of external equipment is provided; Wherein:
Power switch tube S 11with power switch tube S 21receive identical switching signal;
Power switch tube S 11with power switch tube S 13the switching signal complementation receiving;
Power switch tube S 21with power switch tube S 23the switching signal complementation receiving;
Power switch tube S 12with power switch tube S 14the switching signal complementation receiving;
Power switch tube S 22with power switch tube S 24the switching signal complementation receiving.
Two power switch tube S in the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuit 11, S 13with two power switch tube S 12, S 14adopt phase-shift control mode, two power switch tube S in the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit 21, S 23with two power switch tube S 22, S 24adopt phase-shift control mode, first, second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit phase shifting angle is separate.
In present embodiment, power switch pipe adopts the MOSFET with anti-and diode, and four MOSFET S 11～S 14drain-source the two poles of the earth on be parallel with respectively four capacitor C s11～C s14; Four MOSFETS 21～S 24drain-source the two poles of the earth on be parallel with respectively four capacitor C s21～C s24.
The direct current after dividing potential drop is changed into alternating current by former limit module, and by the mode of coupling, alternating current is transferred to corresponding secondary module.
In the present embodiment, rectification circuit adopts full-wave rectifying circuit.Wherein: two secondary modules parallel with one another comprise two groups of secondary winding T 1～T 2, composition the first full-wave rectifying circuit two diode D o11and D o12, composition the second full-wave rectifying circuit two diode D o21and D o22, composition the first filter circuit inductance L f1, capacitor C o1and the filter inductance L of composition the second filter circuit f2with filter capacitor C o2; Wherein,
Diode D o11anode and secondary winding T 1one end be connected, negative electrode and diode D o12negative electrode and filter inductance L f1one end be connected;
Diode D o12anode and secondary winding T 1the other end be connected;
Diode D o21anode and secondary winding T 2one end be connected, negative electrode and diode D o22negative electrode and filter inductance L f2one end be connected;
Diode D o22anode and secondary winding T 2the other end be connected;
Filter inductance L f1the other end and capacitor filtering C o1one end, filter inductance L f2the other end, filter capacitor C o2one end be connected;
Filter capacitor C o1the other end and secondary winding T 1centre tap end, filter capacitor C o2the other end, secondary winding T 2centre tap end be connected.
Secondary module changes into the alternating current receiving the direct current of pulsation by full-wave rectifying circuit, the direct current of this pulsation, by after filter circuit filtering, exports load to.
Wherein, the rectification circuit in secondary module can also adopt full bridge rectifier or current-doubling rectifier.
The power of the DC-DC converter of present embodiment is 2kW, DC power supply V inthe input voltage at two ends is 600V, load R othe output voltage at two ends is 48V.
Fig. 3 is drive waveforms and the work wave of the DC-DC converter of present embodiment.Wherein waveform V gs11～V gs24it is respectively power switch tube S 11～S 24switching signal.V gs11with V gs21identical; V gs11with V gs13complementary; V gs21with V gs23complementary; V gs12with V gs14complementary; V gs22with V gs24complementary.Between each complementary drive signal, exist one section to be low level Dead Time jointly.Signal V gs11, V gs13with V gs12, V gs14for phase shifting control, there is phase shifting angle
Figure BDA0000479478540000051
(phase angle
Figure BDA0000479478540000052
); Signal V gs21, V gs23with V gs22, V gs24for phase shifting control, there is phase shifting angle
Figure BDA0000479478540000053
(phase angle
Figure BDA0000479478540000054
); Two phase shifting angles are separate.Waveform V a1b1, V a2b2be respectively the transformer primary side input voltage of the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuit and the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit; Waveform i p1, i p2be respectively the transformer primary side input current of the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuit and the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit.I pm1, I pm2be respectively the transformer primary side input current peak value of the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuit and the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the specific works process of the DC-DC converter of present embodiment is as follows:
In a switch periods, have 15 working stages, due to symmetry, only front 8 working stages are described in detail.Wherein: working stage 1 is power switch tube S 11, S 14and S 21, S 24stable state when conducting; Working stage 2,3 is power switch tube S 11and S 21commutation course when shutoff; Working stage 4～6 is power switch tube S 14commutation course when shutoff; Working stage 5～7 is power switch tube S 24commutation course when shutoff, working stage 8 diode D o11and D o21turn-off, finish transformer secondary short circuit state, S 12, S 13and S 22, S 23start to stablize conducting.
Working stage 1(t 0～t 1): power switch tube S 11, S 14and S 21, S 24in stablizing conducting state, energy is transmitted to secondary from former limit, diode D o11with diode D o21conducting, diode D o12with diode D o22turn-off striding capacitance C fwith bus capacitor C 1parallel connection, makes striding capacitance C fwith bus capacitor C 1on voltage equate.Primary current i p1, i p2linear rising.
Working stage 2(t 1～t 2): power switch tube S 11, S 21start to turn-off, due to former limit inductance L lk1, L lk2existence, i p1, i p2keep substantially constant, shunt capacitance C s11, C s21linear-charging, shunt capacitance C s13, C s23linear electric discharge, switching tube S 11and S 21can realize no-voltage turn-offs.
Working stage 3(t 2～t 3): shunt capacitance C s13, C s23completely, voltage reduces to zero, power switch tube S in electric discharge 13and S 23body diode conducting, be S 13and S 23create no-voltage and open condition.Striding capacitance C fwith bus capacitor C 2parallel connection, makes C fwith C 2on voltage equate.
Working stage 4(t 3～t 4): power switch tube S 14start to turn-off shunt capacitance C s14charging, C s12electric discharge, makes diode D o12conducting, secondary current flows through D simultaneously o11and D o12.
Working stage 5(t 4～t 5): power switch tube S 24start to turn-off shunt capacitance C s24charging, C s22electric discharge, similar to working stage 4, diode D o22conducting, secondary current flows through D simultaneously o21and D o22.
Working stage 6(t 5～t 6): C s12being discharged to voltage is zero, S 12body diode conducting, S 12can realize no-voltage open-minded, 1/2nd supply voltage puts on former limit inductance L lk1upper, and contrary with itself voltage direction, make primary current i p1linear decline.
Working stage 7(t 6～t 7): i p1be down to downward zero and also oppositely rise, flow through power switch tube S 12and S 13, C s22being discharged to voltage is zero, S 22body diode conducting, S 22no-voltage can be realized open-minded, primary current i p2linear decline.
Working stage 8(t 7～t 8): i p2be down to downward zero and also oppositely rise, flow through power switch tube S 22and S 23, flow through secondary diode D o11electric current drop to zero, D o11turn-off.T 8moment is flow through secondary diode D o21electric current drops to zero, D o21turn-off.After this enter S 12, S 13and S 22, S 23stablize conducting phase.
At working stage t 0～t 8in, the AC voltage v of the first single-phase full bridge inverter circuit a1b1and the AC voltage v of the second single-phase full bridge inverter circuit a2b2conversion as shown in Figure 3.
The DC-DC converter of present embodiment can be realized DC side bus capacitor voltage automatic equalization, can improve the reliability of system applies in the time of high voltage DC-DC occasion.The specific implementation of its voltage automatic equalization ability is as follows:
Work as S 11and S 21when conducting, striding capacitance C fwith bus capacitor C 1in parallel; Work as S 13and S 23when conducting, striding capacitance C fwith bus capacitor C 2in parallel.In this parallel connection process, striding capacitance discharges to high-tension bus capacitor, to the bus capacitor charging of low-voltage, finally can make the voltage of two bus capacitors reach balanced.

Claims (9)

1. a full-bridge DC-DC converter, is characterized in that: comprise two former limit module and two secondary modules parallel with one another of series connection mutually;
Described former limit module is used for the direct current after dividing potential drop to change into alternating current, and by the mode of coupling, described alternating current is transferred to corresponding secondary module, and described secondary module is for changing into direct current by the alternating current receiving;
Two secondary modules put on the direct current being converted to separately in load jointly.
2. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described former limit module comprises a single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, a bus capacitor, a former limit inductance and a former limit winding; Single-phase full bridge inverter circuit DC side two ends are in parallel with bus capacitor; The positive terminal of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit AC is connected with one end of former limit inductance, and negative pole end is connected with the different name end of former limit winding; The other end of former limit inductance is connected with the Same Name of Ends of former limit winding; Described former limit winding is coupled with corresponding secondary module.
3. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in two former limit modules, the positive terminal of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit AC connects by striding capacitance.
4. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described each brachium pontis of single-phase full bridge inverter circuit is built by some power switch pipe series connection.
5. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described power switch pipe adopts the MOSFET with anti-and diode.
6. according to the full-bridge DC-DC converter described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: leakage the two poles of the earth, source of described power switch pipe are parallel with electric capacity.
7. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described secondary module comprises a secondary winding, a rectification circuit and a filter circuit; Described secondary winding centre cap and being coupled with corresponding former limit module, rectification circuit AC two ends are connected with the two ends of secondary winding respectively, the DC output end of rectification circuit is connected with the input of filter circuit, filter circuit outlet side two ends are in parallel with load, and the tap terminals of secondary winding is connected with the low-pressure end of filter circuit outlet side.
8. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described filter circuit is made up of a filter inductance and a filter capacitor; One end of filter inductance is connected with the DC output end of rectification circuit, and the other end is connected with one end of filter capacitor and one end of load; The other end of filter capacitor is connected with the tap terminals of secondary winding and the other end of load.
9. full-bridge DC-DC converter according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described rectification circuit adopts full-wave rectifying circuit, full bridge rectifier or current-doubling rectifier.
CN201410104425.7A 2014-03-20 2014-03-20 Full-bridge DC-DC converter Pending CN103887981A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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CN104865998A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-08-26 重庆希诺达通信有限公司 Programmable control single-phase alternating current power supply device
CN106100346A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-11-09 北京交通大学 A kind of have the combination type controlled resonant converter all pressing flow equalizing function
CN107070231A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-08-18 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 Series-to-parallel converter with multi input and use its charging and conversion electric facility
WO2018148932A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 Abb Schweiz Ag Dc to dc converter
CN111431416A (en) * 2020-04-18 2020-07-17 河北汇能欣源电子技术有限公司 Three-level LL C converter and control method thereof
CN112910260A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-06-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 DC-DC conversion device, control method thereof and switching power supply
CN113131595A (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-16 蜂巢传动系统(江苏)有限公司保定研发分公司 Discharge circuit

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CN203883678U (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-10-15 浙江大学 Full-bridge DC-DC converter

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104865998A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-08-26 重庆希诺达通信有限公司 Programmable control single-phase alternating current power supply device
CN106100346A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-11-09 北京交通大学 A kind of have the combination type controlled resonant converter all pressing flow equalizing function
CN107070231A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-08-18 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 Series-to-parallel converter with multi input and use its charging and conversion electric facility
CN107070231B (en) * 2017-01-05 2024-04-09 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 Series-parallel converter with multiple inputs and charging facility using same
WO2018148932A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 Abb Schweiz Ag Dc to dc converter
CN113131595A (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-16 蜂巢传动系统(江苏)有限公司保定研发分公司 Discharge circuit
CN111431416A (en) * 2020-04-18 2020-07-17 河北汇能欣源电子技术有限公司 Three-level LL C converter and control method thereof
CN112910260A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-06-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 DC-DC conversion device, control method thereof and switching power supply

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Application publication date: 20140625