CN103401463A - Miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with optimized DC (Direct Current) bus capacitor and control method - Google Patents
Miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with optimized DC (Direct Current) bus capacitor and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation, applies a power decoupling circuit to reduce the capacity of a capacitor at the side of a DC (Direct Current) bus for prolonging the service life and improving the reliability of the inverter, replaces an electrolytic capacitor with high capacity and a short service life with a thin film capacitor with low capacity and a long service life and designs a miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. To fulfill the aims, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with an optimized DC bus capacitor comprises a main circuit and a control and driving circuit, wherein the main circuit is formed by a photovoltaic cell panel, a phase-shift full-bridge circuit, a high frequency transformer, a full-bridge rectifying circuit, the DC bus capacitor, the power decoupling circuit and an inverter circuit which are sequentially connected; the control and driving circuit comprises a photovoltaic output current sampling circuit, a photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, a power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) driving circuit, a capacitor voltage sampling circuit, a grid-connected current sampling circuit, a phase-locked loop circuit and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) controller. The miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is mainly applied to photovoltaic power generation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photovoltaic power generation, more particularly, is a kind of photovoltaic generation Miniature inverter and control method thereof of applied power decoupling zero circuit, i.e. miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and the control method of dc-link capacitance optimization.
Technical background
Solar energy is as a kind of pollution-free reproducible new forms of energy, has boundless application and development prospect, along with the growing tension of the natural resourcess such as oil, natural gas, and face the abnormal severe situation of Global climate change, the regenerative resource of cleaning comes into one's own day by day.Photovoltaic generation has occupied consequence therein, it for the energy resource supply that solves productive life and improve problem of environmental pollution provide one reliably by way of.
Miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, because its efficiency is high, the expansion is simple and convenient, be easy to installation, global reliability advantages of higher, more and more receives people's concern.Miniature inverter and single photovoltaic array are combined to form to be exchanged module and becomes a kind of very promising design, and this also requires inverter to be complementary with the life-span of photovoltaic array.
In solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system, photovoltaic array is through MPPT
[1]Rear power output is constant maximum power, and the combining inverter power output presents the characteristic of periodically pulsing, and therefore the direct current input side at combining inverter needs very large electrochemical capacitor in parallel to realize the decoupling zero of photovoltaic array power output and combining inverter power output.But the introducing of electrochemical capacitor has not only increased the volume of whole solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system, and has shortened greatly the useful life of solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system, has reduced the reliability of solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is intended to improve the life and reliability of inverter, applied power decoupling zero circuit reduces the capacity of dc bus lateral capacitance, replace the short-life electrochemical capacitor of large capacity with the long-life thin-film capacitor of low capacity, the design miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter that dc-link capacitance is optimized comprises: photovoltaic battery panel, phase whole-bridging circuit, high frequency transformer, full bridge rectifier, dc-link capacitance, power decoupling circuit and the inverter circuit of main circuit for being connected successively; Driving circuits comprises photovoltaic output current sample circuit, photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, power MOSFET driving circuit, capacitance voltage sample circuit, grid-connected current sample circuit, phase-locked loop circuit, dsp controller.wherein photovoltaic battery panel provides direct current energy for device, phase whole-bridging circuit is used for realizing the inversion of direct current to high-frequency ac, the high-frequency alternating current of gained is after high frequency transformer, changed into the high-frequency alternating current of high pressure by the high-frequency alternating current of low pressure, and then through the diode full-bridge rectification, the high voltagehigh frequency alternating current is transformed to the higher direct current of voltage, pass through again power decoupled electric capacity and power decoupling circuit, the higher direct current of voltage is converted into the direct current of pulsation, the direct current that to pulse by inverter circuit finally is converted into simple sinusoidal alternating current, being injected into public electric wire net realizes being incorporated into the power networks, dsp controller gathers photovoltaic electric current, voltage by photovoltaic electric current output sample circuit, photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, dsp controller is regulated and is shifted to the full-bridge circuit duty ratio by power MOSFET driving circuit, dsp controller gathers dc-link capacitance voltage by the capacitance voltage sample circuit and in conjunction with power decoupled drive circuit power ratio control decoupling zero circuit, dsp controller carries out two closed-loop controls by grid-connected current sample circuit, phase-locked loop circuit to inverter circuit.
Described photovoltaic battery panel comprises the output filter capacitor in parallel with it, described phase whole-bridging circuit is comprised of the power MOSFET of 4 anti-paralleled diodes, input is connected with filter capacitor with photovoltaic battery panel, and resonant inductance of output series connection is connected with the input of high frequency transformer with a filter capacitor; The effect of the filter capacitor of connecting is for the flip-flop in the output of filtering preceding stage high frequency inverter circuit, and the effect of resonant inductance is to form resonance for the parasitic capacitance with power MOSFET output.
Described high frequency transformer output directly is connected with the full bridge rectifier input, and the positive pole of the output of full-bridge rectification connects the anode of a blocking diode, and the blocking diode negative electrode is connected with an end of dc-link capacitance and the inductance of power decoupling circuit.
Described power decoupling circuit is comprised of the first switching tube and antiparallel diode, second switch pipe and antiparallel diode thereof, an inductance and an electric capacity, wherein inductance and the first switching tube are first connected and are connected in parallel on dc-link capacitance again, the drain electrode of the first switching tube is connected with inductance, source electrode is connected with dc-link capacitance, second switch pipe and capacitances in series are connected in parallel on the first switching tube again, the source electrode of second switch pipe is connected with electric capacity, leaks level and is connected with inductance with the leakage level of the first switching tube.
Described full bridge inverter is that the power MOSFET by 4 anti-paralleled diodes forms, select the SPWM modulation system, filter inductance of output series connection, final output and the same sinusoidal current ripple of homophase frequently of line voltage controlled, described dc-link capacitance and decoupling capacitance are the long-life thin-film capacitor of low capacity.
The miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverting control method that a kind of dc-link capacitance is optimized, realize by means of aforementioned inverter, and comprise the steps: to move successively again and again the MPPT maximum power point tracking control program, the control program of decoupling zero circuit, inverter circuit control program, the MPPT maximum power point tracking control program is specially: the magnitude of voltage V (t that obtains this sampling instant by photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit and photovoltaic output current sample circuit
n), current value I (t
n), and calculated power value P (t
n), then calculate the power deviation △ P (t with a upper sampling instant
n) and voltage deviation value △ V (t
n), if power deviation △ P is (t
n) 0 and voltage deviation value △ V (t
n) 0, increase reference voltage level V
Pv_ref, dsp controller increases the phase whole-bridging circuit duty ratio by power MOSFET driving circuit, and vice versa;
The control program of decoupling zero circuit is specially: utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect d-c bus voltage value V
dc(n), calculating voltage deviation △ V (n)=k
p1(V
dc(n)-V
Dc_ref), as △ V (n)〉0 the time, DC bus-bar voltage V
dc(n) higher than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled the second switch pipe by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and the first switching tube works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling change parallel operation works in the Boost pattern and absorbs energy, dc-link capacitance C
dcFor the power decoupling circuit capacitor C
deThe charging storage power, adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, and the switching rule of the first switching tube: a is that initial value is 0, amplitude is 200, and frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple, voltage deviation △ V (n) and a relatively, as △ V (n)〉during a, open the first switching tube; When △ V (n)＜a, turn-off the first switching tube; When △ V (n)＜0, DC bus-bar voltage V
dcLower than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled the first switching tube by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and the second switch pipe works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling change parallel operation works in B
uck
[8]Pattern releases energy, and will be stored in C in power decoupling circuit electric capacity
deEnergy be discharged into dc-link capacitance C by the Buck circuit
dcSide, with the minimizing of compensating direct current bus bar side energy; Adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, the switching rule of second switch pipe: b is that initial value is 0, and amplitude be-200, and frequency is 10KHz, symmetric triangular ripple, voltage deviation △ V (n) and b relatively, as △ V (n)〉during b, shutoff second switch pipe; When △ V (n)＜b, open the second switch pipe.
The inverter circuit control program is specially: utilize the grid-connected current sample circuit to obtain grid-connected current instantaneous sampling value i
0(n), utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect d-c bus voltage value V
dc(n), calculate voltage error e
n, process PI controller obtains the amplitude of current reference value
The recycling phase-locked loop circuit obtains the phase place of line voltage
Calculate current reference value
Will
With i
0(n) be the poor △ i that obtains
n,, through the PR controller, obtain a c as a result
nCapacitance transfer function is fed forward to PR controller outlet side, calculates i
w(n), use c
nDeduct i
w(n) obtain Ds(n) be exactly the value that is input to the Unipolar SPWM module, the control law of inverter circuit power MOSFET S1-S4: f is that initial value is-2, final value is 2, frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple, as Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S4 by drive circuit, turn-offs S2; As Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S4 by drive circuit, opens S2; As (1) * Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S3 by drive circuit, turn-offs S1; As (1) * Ds(n) Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S3 by drive circuit, opens S1.
The present invention possesses following technique effect:
(1) compare with traditional single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system circuit, the present invention is by power decoupling circuit in parallel in traditional circuit, make primary circuit realize replacing big capacity electrolyte capacitor with the low capacity thin-film capacitor on the DC side output capacitance, improve generating efficiency and the useful life of photovoltaic system, effectively reduced cost of electricity-generating.
(2) compare with the photovoltaic module outlet side decoupling zero of conventional art, the present invention realizes power decoupled by dc bus parallel-connection decoupling electric capacity and decoupling zero circuit.Because realize power decoupled on dc bus, the corresponding voltage of decoupling zero power and voltage ripple all do not had strict restriction, allow DC bus-bar voltage to rise to very high, also allow busbar voltage that larger fluctuation can be arranged simultaneously, so just make that to reduce decoupling capacitance appearance value more remarkable.Decoupling zero and the photovoltaic battery panel of power are isolated, and for it, export not directly impact, so the sort circuit topological structure can be realized power decoupled and optimization bus capacitor well, and extremely are conducive to the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic generation.
What (3) the present invention adopted is the double loop control of outer voltage current inner loop, and wherein the current inner loop controller has adopted the PR adjuster, has avoided traditional pi regulator to have the shortcomings such as steady-state error is non-vanishing to the adjusting of grid-connected current.
(4) by the simulated capacitance control strategy, grid-connected current is controlled model and carry out conversion, in esse ac capacitor in original circuit has been transformed into grid-connected current to be controlled in the feed-forward coefficients of model, realize eliminating the effect of grid-connected current flip-flop, thereby avoided the cost that increases because use true electric capacity and on the impact of dynamic performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that dc-link capacitance is optimized miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter hardware system figure.
Fig. 2 is the MPPT maximum power point tracking control flow chart.
Fig. 3 is decoupling zero circuit control flow chart.
Fig. 4 is the control structure figure of the two closed loops of inverter circuit.
Fig. 5 is the inverter circuit control flow chart.
Fig. 6 is the overall system control flow chart.
Fig. 7 is grid-connected current and the voltage waveform of inverter circuit output.
Fig. 8 is grid-connected current harmonic analysis figure.
Fig. 9 is for incorporating decoupling zero circuit front and back dc-link capacitance change in voltage oscillogram into.
Embodiment
miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter system configuration and control device thereof that dc-link capacitance described herein is optimized, the hardware system figure of device as shown in Figure 1, its main circuit partly comprises photovoltaic battery panel 1, phase whole-bridging circuit 2, high frequency transformer, full bridge rectifier 3, dc-link capacitance, power decoupling circuit 4 and inverter circuit 5, driving circuits comprises photovoltaic electric current output sample circuit, the photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, power MOSFET driving circuit, the capacitance voltage sample circuit, the grid-connected current sample circuit, phase-locked loop circuit and dsp controller, wherein photovoltaic battery panel provides direct current energy for device, phase whole-bridging circuit has been realized the inversion of direct current to high-frequency ac, and the function of the MPPT maximum power point tracking of implement device, the high-frequency alternating current of gained is after high frequency transformer, the high-frequency alternating current of low pressure changes the high-frequency alternating current of high pressure into, and then through the diode full-bridge rectification, the high voltagehigh frequency alternating current is transformed to the higher direct current of voltage, pass through again power DC bus capacitor and power decoupling circuit, the higher direct current of voltage is converted into the direct current of pulsation, the direct current that to pulse by inverter circuit finally is converted into simple sinusoidal alternating current, being injected into public electric wire net realizes being incorporated into the power networks.
Described photovoltaic battery panel PV comprises the output filter capacitor C in parallel with it
in
Described phase whole-bridging circuit is comprised of 4 power MOSFET Q1-Q4 through anti-paralleled diode.Input is connected with filter capacitor with photovoltaic battery panel.Resonant inductance L of output series connection
rWith a filter capacitor C
rBe connected with the input of high frequency transformer HFT.The filter capacitor C that connects
rEffect be for the flip-flop in filtering preceding stage high frequency inverter circuit output, resonant inductance L
rEffect be to form resonance for the parasitic capacitance with MOSFET output.
Described high frequency transformer output directly is connected with full bridge rectifier D1-D4 input, and the positive pole of the output of full-bridge rectification connects the anode of blocking diode D5, the negative electrode of D5 and dc-link capacitance C
dcAn end and the inductance L of power decoupling circuit be connected.
Described power decoupling circuit is by the first switching tube S5 and antiparallel diode, second switch pipe S6 and antiparallel diode thereof, an inductance L and a capacitor C
deForm, switching tube S5 and S6 are power MOSFET.Wherein inductance L and the first switching tube S5 first connect and are connected in parallel to dc-link capacitance C again
dcOn, the drain electrode of S5 is connected with inductance L, and the source electrode of S5 is connected with dc-link capacitance.Second switch pipe S6 and capacitor C
deSeries connection is connected in parallel on S5 again, and the source electrode of S6 is connected with electric capacity, and the leakage level of S6 is connected with inductance L with the leakage level of S5.
Described full bridge inverter is to consist of 4 power MOSFET S1-S4 through anti-paralleled diode, selects the Unipolar SPWM modulation system, filter inductance L of output series connection
out, final output and the same sinusoidal current ripple of homophase frequently of line voltage controlled.
Described dc-link capacitance and decoupling capacitance are the long-life thin-film capacitor of low capacity.
Control method the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Control and mainly by phase whole-bridging circuit, realize for the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic battery panel.Phase whole-bridging circuit is comprised of 4 power MOSFET Q1-Q4 through anti-paralleled diode, and during work, Q1 and Q4 conducting is simultaneously turn-offed, and Q2 and Q3 conducting is simultaneously turn-offed, and two groups of conductings in turn, opens duty ratio D all less than 0.5 for every group.As Fig. 2, what adopt here is the disturbance observation, obtains the magnitude of voltage V (t of this sampling instant by photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit and photovoltaic output current sample circuit
n), current value I (t
n), and calculated power value P (t
n), then calculate the power deviation △ P (t with a upper sampling instant
n) and voltage deviation value △ V (t
n), if power deviation △ P is (t
n) 0 and voltage deviation value △ V (t
n) 0, increase reference voltage level V
Pv_ref, dsp controller increases the duty ratio D of the driving signal of shifting to full-bridge circuit by drive circuit.△ P (t
n)＜0 situation is as the same, sees Fig. 2 for details.
, for the control of decoupling zero circuit,, as Fig. 3, utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect DC bus-bar voltage V
dc(n), calculating voltage deviation △ V (n)=k
p1(V
dc(n)-V
Dc_ref).As △ V (n)〉0 the time, DC bus-bar voltage V
dc(n) higher than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled S6 by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and S5 works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling zero circuit working absorbs energy, dc-link capacitance C in the Boost pattern
dcFor decoupling change parallel operation capacitor C
deThe charging storage power, adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, and S6 turn-offs, and the switching rule of S5: a is that initial value is 0, and amplitude is 200, and frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple.Voltage deviation △ V (n) and a relatively, as △ V (n)〉during a, open S5; When △ V (n)＜a, turn-off S5.When △ V (n)＜0, DC bus-bar voltage V
dcLower than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled S5 by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and S6 works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling change parallel operation works in the Buck pattern and releases energy, and will be stored in C in decoupling change parallel operation electric capacity
deEnergy be discharged into dc-link capacitance C by the Buck circuit
dcSide, with the minimizing of compensating direct current bus bar side energy.Adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, S5 turn-offs, and the switching rule of S6: b is that initial value is 0, and amplitude is-200, and frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple.Voltage deviation △ V (n) and b relatively, as △ V (n)〉during b, turn-off S6; When △ V (n)＜b, open S6.
Control the two closed loop controlling structures that adopt based on ring and dc-link capacitance outer voltage in the grid-connected current of PR controller combined with virtual electric capacity for inversion grid connection.Fig. 4 is the control structure figure of the two closed loops of inverter circuit, utilizes the grid-connected current sample circuit to obtain grid-connected current i
0(n), utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect DC bus-bar voltage V
dc(n), calculate voltage error e
n, process PI controller obtains the amplitude of current reference value
The recycling phase-locked loop circuit obtains the phase place of line voltage
Calculate current reference value
Will
With i
0(n) be the poor △ i that obtains
n,, through the PR controller, obtain a c as a result
nGenerally at grid-connected current output series connection ac capacitor, eliminate DC component, inject in order to prevent the grid-connected current DC component this moment, capacitance transfer function feedforward PR controller outlet side, just in esse ac capacitor in original circuit has been transformed in the feed-forward coefficients of grid-connected current, because electric capacity is not objective reality, therefore be called simulated capacitance.Calculate i
w(n), use c
nDeduct i
w(n) obtain Ds(n) be exactly the value that is input to the Unipolar SPWM module.The control law of inverter circuit power tube S1-S4: f is that initial value is-2, and final value is 2, and frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple.As Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S4 by drive circuit, turn-offs S2; As Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S4 by drive circuit, opens S2.As (1) * Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S3 by drive circuit, turn-offs S1; As (1) * Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S3 by drive circuit, opens S1.Concrete control law is referring to Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is the overall system control flow chart, i.e. each control cycle T of dsp controller
0Just carry out once successively above-mentioned MPPT maximum power point tracking and control, the control of decoupling zero circuit, inverter circuit is controlled, goes round and begins again, periodic duty.
Fig. 7 is grid-connected current and the voltage waveform of inverter circuit output, this shows grid-connected current and voltage homophase, substantially realizes unity power factor to mains supply, and the quality of power supply is good.
Fig. 8 is grid-connected current harmonic analysis figure, this shows its harmonic current content THD=1.29%, and harmonic current is less, and the quality of power supply is good.
Fig. 9 is for incorporating decoupling zero circuit front and back dc-link capacitance change in voltage oscillogram into, this shows when there is no power decoupling circuit, the dc-link capacitance voltage fluctuation is at 220V-520V, the energy hunting scope is very large, causes traditional dc-link capacitance can only select the large capacity electrochemical capacitor in low life-span.And after adding power decoupling circuit, the dc-link capacitance voltage fluctuation, at 380V-420V, can be chosen the long-life thin-film capacitor of low capacity to replace, and improves the life and reliability of system.
Note:
[1] MPPT: MPPT maximum power point tracking;
[2] MOSFET: metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field-effect transistor;
[3] DSP: digital signal processor;
[4] SPWM: based on the pulse width modulation of sine wave;
[5] PWM: pulse width modulation;
[6] Boost: boost chopper;
[7] P: proportional control;
[8] Buck: buck circuit;
[9] PI: proportional plus integral control;
[10] PR: ratio resonance is controlled.
Claims (6)
1. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter optimized of a dc-link capacitance, it is characterized in that, comprising: photovoltaic battery panel, phase whole-bridging circuit, high frequency transformer, full bridge rectifier, dc-link capacitance, power decoupling circuit and the inverter circuit of main circuit for being connected successively, driving circuits comprises photovoltaic output current sample circuit, photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, power MOSFET driving circuit, capacitance voltage sample circuit, grid-connected current sample circuit, phase-locked loop circuit, dsp controller, wherein photovoltaic battery panel provides direct current energy for device, phase whole-bridging circuit is used for realizing the inversion of direct current to high-frequency ac, the high-frequency alternating current of gained is after high frequency transformer, changed into the high-frequency alternating current of high pressure by the high-frequency alternating current of low pressure, and then through the diode full-bridge rectification, the high voltagehigh frequency alternating current is transformed to the higher direct current of voltage, pass through again power decoupled electric capacity and power decoupling circuit, the higher direct current of voltage is converted into the direct current of pulsation, the direct current that to pulse by inverter circuit finally is converted into simple sinusoidal alternating current, being injected into public electric wire net realizes being incorporated into the power networks, dsp controller gathers photovoltaic electric current, voltage by photovoltaic electric current output sample circuit, photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit, dsp controller is regulated and is shifted to the full-bridge circuit duty ratio by power MOSFET driving circuit, dsp controller gathers dc-link capacitance voltage by the capacitance voltage sample circuit and in conjunction with power decoupled drive circuit power ratio control decoupling zero circuit, dsp controller carries out two closed-loop controls by grid-connected current sample circuit, phase-locked loop circuit to inverter circuit.
2. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter optimized of dc-link capacitance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic battery panel comprises the output filter capacitor in parallel with it, described phase whole-bridging circuit is comprised of the power MOSFET of 4 anti-paralleled diodes, input is connected with filter capacitor with photovoltaic battery panel, and resonant inductance of output series connection is connected with the input of high frequency transformer with a filter capacitor; The effect of the filter capacitor of connecting is for the flip-flop in the output of filtering preceding stage high frequency inverter circuit, and the effect of resonant inductance is to form resonance for the parasitic capacitance with power MOSFET output.
3. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter optimized of dc-link capacitance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high frequency transformer output directly is connected with the full bridge rectifier input, the positive pole of the output of full-bridge rectification connects the anode of a blocking diode, and the blocking diode negative electrode is connected with an end of dc-link capacitance and the inductance of power decoupling circuit.
4. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter optimized of dc-link capacitance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power decoupling circuit is by the first switching tube and antiparallel diode thereof, second switch pipe and antiparallel diode thereof, an inductance and an electric capacity form, wherein inductance and the first switching tube are first connected and are connected in parallel on dc-link capacitance again, the drain electrode of the first switching tube is connected with inductance, source electrode is connected with dc-link capacitance, second switch pipe and capacitances in series are connected in parallel on the first switching tube again, the source electrode of second switch pipe is connected with electric capacity, leaking level is connected with inductance with the leakage level of the first switching tube.
5. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter optimized of dc-link capacitance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described full bridge inverter is that the power MOSFET by 4 anti-paralleled diodes forms, select the SPWM modulation system, filter inductance of output series connection, final output and the same sinusoidal current ripple of homophase frequently of line voltage controlled, described dc-link capacitance and decoupling capacitance are the long-life thin-film capacitor of low capacity.
6. the miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverting control method optimized of a dc-link capacitance, it is characterized in that, realize by means of the described inverter of claim 1, and comprise the steps: to move successively again and again the MPPT maximum power point tracking control program, the control program of decoupling zero circuit, inverter circuit control program, the MPPT maximum power point tracking control program is specially: the magnitude of voltage V (t that obtains this sampling instant by photovoltaic output voltage sampling circuit and photovoltaic output current sample circuit
n), current value I (t
n), and calculated power value P (t
n), then calculate the power deviation Δ P (t with a upper sampling instant
n) and voltage deviation value Δ V (t
n), if power deviation Δ P is (t
n)＞0 and voltage deviation value Δ V (t
n)＞0, increase reference voltage level V
Pv_ref, dsp controller increases the phase whole-bridging circuit duty ratio by power MOSFET driving circuit, and vice versa;
The control program of decoupling zero circuit is specially: utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect d-c bus voltage value V
dc(n), calculating voltage deviation delta V (n)=k
p1(V
dc(n)-V
Dc_ref), when Δ V (n)＞0, DC bus-bar voltage V
dc(n) higher than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled the second switch pipe by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and the first switching tube works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling change parallel operation works in the Boost pattern and absorbs energy, dc-link capacitance C
dcFor the power decoupling circuit capacitor C
deThe charging storage power, adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, and the switching rule of the first switching tube: a is that initial value is 0, amplitude is 200, and frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple, voltage deviation Δ V (n) and a relatively, when Δ V (n)＞a, open the first switching tube; When Δ V (n)＜a, turn-off the first switching tube; When Δ V (n)＜0, DC bus-bar voltage V
dcLower than given reference value V
Dc_refThe time, dsp controller is controlled the first switching tube by drive circuit and is turn-offed, and the second switch pipe works in the PWM pattern, and the decoupling change parallel operation works in Buck
[8]Pattern releases energy, and will be stored in C in power decoupling circuit electric capacity
deEnergy be discharged into dc-link capacitance C by the Buck circuit
dcSide, with the minimizing of compensating direct current bus bar side energy; Adopt P to control the response speed of quickening system, the switching rule of second switch pipe: b is that initial value is 0, and amplitude be-200, and frequency is 10KHz, symmetric triangular ripple, voltage deviation Δ V (n) and b relatively, when Δ V (n)＞b, shutoff second switch pipe; When Δ V (n)＜b, open the second switch pipe.
The inverter circuit control program is specially: utilize the grid-connected current sample circuit to obtain grid-connected current instantaneous sampling value i
0(n), utilize the capacitance voltage sample circuit to detect d-c bus voltage value V
dc(n), calculate voltage error e
n, process PI controller obtains the amplitude of current reference value
The recycling phase-locked loop circuit obtains the phase place of line voltage
Calculate current reference value
Will
With i
0(n) be the poor Δ i that obtains
n,, through the PR controller, obtain a c as a result
nCapacitance transfer function is fed forward to PR controller outlet side, calculates i
w(n), use c
nDeduct i
w(n) obtain Ds(n) be exactly the value that is input to the Unipolar SPWM module, the control law of inverter circuit power MOSFET S1-S4: f is that initial value is-2, final value is 2, frequency is 10KHz, the symmetric triangular ripple, as Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S4 by drive circuit, turn-offs S2; As Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S4 by drive circuit, opens S2; As (1) * Ds(n)〉during f, dsp controller is controlled and is opened S3 by drive circuit, turn-offs S1; As (1) * Ds(n) Ds(n)＜during f, dsp controller is controlled and is turn-offed S3 by drive circuit, opens S1.
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