CN103944409A - Control method, equipment and system for frequency convertor - Google Patents
Control method, equipment and system for frequency convertor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103944409A CN103944409A CN201410155047.5A CN201410155047A CN103944409A CN 103944409 A CN103944409 A CN 103944409A CN 201410155047 A CN201410155047 A CN 201410155047A CN 103944409 A CN103944409 A CN 103944409A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method, equipment and system for a frequency convertor. The control method comprises the steps that three-phase voltage and three-phase current output by the inverter side of the frequency convertor are detected; the current power factor of the frequency convertor is obtained, and the current power factor is adjusted to a target power factor according to DC bus current; the magnitude of given excitation current is determined according to the target power factor and given torque current; target voltage is determined through the given excitation current and the given torque current; the wave emitting states of a PWM wave emitter are selected according to the positive state and the negative state of the three-phase current; the on-off state of a switching device in an inverter is controlled by determining at least three wave emitting states from the selected wave emitting states according to the target voltage, so that the three-phase voltage output by the inverter synthesizes the target voltage, and the target voltage makes the inverter side have no energy feedback to a DC bus; in this way, the DC bus current is always positive, the energy is supplied to the inverter side from a power grid via a rectifier side, the charging and discharging energy on a capacitor of the DC bus is reduced, and the capacity of the capacitor of the DC bus is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic technical field, particularly a kind of control method of frequency converter, equipment and system.
Background technology
Frequency converter is widely used in electric machine speed regulation, and the topological structure of conventional frequency converter can be shown in Figure 1.
Frequency converter mainly comprises rectifier 100, dc-link capacitance Cdc and inverter 200;
Wherein input voltage vin becomes direct voltage Vdc after rectifier 100 rectifications, and one end of dc-link capacitance Cdc is connected on positive bus-bar, and the other end is connected in negative busbar.
Inverter 200 is that alternating voltage Vout exports by direct voltage Vdc inversion.Inverter 200 comprises six switching device Q1-Q6;
Inverter 200 is general adopts SVPWM to send out ripple or SPWM to send out the on off state of ripple control switching device wherein, and DC bus current Idc is for just in the time that some sends out state wavy, and in the time that some sends out state wavy, for bearing, Cdc is by repeated charge like this.For example, when Idc is timing, energy outputs to Vout side from DC bus through inverter 200; When Idc is when negative, Vout feeds back to bus bar side through inverter 200.
If the capacity of Cdc is too little, when energy feedback is after bus, busbar voltage can be filled highlyer, if too high Cdc and the switching device of will causing of busbar voltage damages.
In order to solve the above problem existing of dc-link capacitance, in prior art, conventionally there are following two kinds of modes.
First kind of way is: the necessary larger Cdc of installed capacity on DC bus, generally adopts electrochemical capacitor.
But when Cdc capacity is larger, corresponding volume is larger, cost is high, and radiating treatment is more difficult.Meanwhile, shorter needs in the life-span of electrochemical capacitor regularly replaces.
The second way is: the rectifier that employing can feedback energy, referring to Fig. 2, this figure is the frequency converter topological diagram that there is no dc-link capacitance of the prior art.
The mode that Fig. 2 provides is that the diode of rectification side is replaced with to full-controlled switch device (for example IGBT), when Idc is when negative, energy feedback after DC bus, at once by control rectification side (T1-T6) by energy feedback to electrical network.Energy just can not rest on bus like this, and can directly feed back to electrical network, therefore, does not need to install dc-link capacitance.Equally, when Idc is timing, energy from electrical network through over commutation side to DC bus, then offer load through inversion side.
But, although the mode of Fig. 2 can be saved dc-link capacitance, but the diode of rectification side need to be replaced with to full-controlled switch device, need to increase LC filter at input side, the cost rising of whole frequency converter, topological result and control become more complicated simultaneously.
To sum up, those skilled in the art need to provide a kind of control method of frequency converter, can, in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, can reduce the capacity of dc-link capacitance.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of control method, equipment and system of frequency converter, can, in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, can reduce the capacity of dc-link capacitance.
First aspect, provides a kind of control method of frequency converter, comprising:
Detect three-phase voltage and the three-phase current I of the inversion side output of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Obtain the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current;
The size of determining the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current, the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined target voltage, described given torque current is given known quantity;
According to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out state wavy and coming switching device in control inverter, the synthetic described target voltage of three-phase voltage that makes described inverter output, described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
In the possible implementation of the first of first aspect, described according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, be specially:
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor negative and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: open and close, open open and close, pass, open, open and close, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor just and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: open and close, pass, open, open and close, pass, open and close, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor just and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: open, open and close pass, open and close, close, open, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor just and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: pass, open and close, close, open, open, close, close, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor negative and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: close, open, open, close, close, open, open and close, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor negative and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: close, close, open, open and close, open, open and close, pass, open, open, open, and closes, closes, pass; Control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe.
In first aspect and above-mentioned any possible implementation, in the possible implementation of the second, regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current, be specially:
If described DC bus current, for just, is controlled described current power factor and is started to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding;
If described DC bus current is for negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
In first aspect and above-mentioned any possible implementation, in the third possible implementation, also comprise: detect DC bus-bar voltage and DC bus current;
When described DC bus-bar voltage exceedes predetermined threshold value, and/or, when described DC bus current is for negative, control described PWM wave emitter and stop sending PWM ripple.
Second aspect, provides a kind of control appliance of frequency converter, comprising: detecting unit, power factor controlling unit, the given unit of exciting current, target voltage determining unit, on off state selected cell and on off state determining unit;
Described detecting unit, the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current I that export for detection of the inversion side of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Described power factor controlling unit, for obtaining the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current;
The given unit of described exciting current, for determining the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current;
Described target voltage determining unit, for determining target voltage by the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current, described given torque current is given known quantity; Described on off state selected cell, for according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy;
Described on off state determining unit, for the to send out wavy state definite at least three kinds of on off states of sending out state wavy and come switching device control inverter from having selected according to described target voltage, the synthetic described target voltage of three-phase voltage that makes described inverter output, described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
In the possible implementation of the first of second aspect, described power factor controlling unit comprises: DC bus current judgment sub-unit and power factor controlling subelement;
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit, for judging the positive and negative of DC bus current, sends to described power factor controlling subelement by judged result;
Described power factor controlling subelement, for judging that when described DC bus current judgment sub-unit DC bus current is timing, control described current power factor and start to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding, in the time that described DC bus current judgment sub-unit judges that DC bus current is negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
In second aspect and above-mentioned any possible implementation, in the possible implementation of the second, also comprise: DC bus-bar voltage judging unit and protected location;
Described DC bus-bar voltage judging unit, when judging that described DC bus-bar voltage exceedes predetermined threshold value, sends voltage protecting signal to described protected location;
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit, for judging that described DC bus current when negative, sends current protection signal to described protected location;
Described protected location, in the time receiving described voltage protecting signal and/or current protection signal, controls described PWM wave emitter and stops sending PWM ripple.
The third aspect, provides a kind of control system of frequency converter, comprising: rectifier, inverter, DC bus, controller and PWM wave emitter;
Described rectifier, for being to export to described inverter after direct current by AC rectification;
Described inverter, for by described DC inverter being powering load after alternating current;
It between described rectifier and inverter, is DC bus;
Described controller, for obtaining the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current; , determine the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current, the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined target voltage, according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out wavy state and coming switching device in control inverter, make the three-phase voltage of described inverter output synthesize described target voltage; Described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
In the possible implementation of the first of the third aspect, described controller, be used for according to three-phase voltage and the described three-phase current control target power factor of DC bus current and the output of inversion side, be specially: if described DC bus current is for just, control described current power factor and start to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding, if described DC bus current is for negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
In the third aspect and above-mentioned any possible implementation, in the possible implementation of the second, described controller, also for exceeding predetermined threshold value when described DC bus-bar voltage, and/or, when described DC bus current is for negative, control described PWM wave emitter and stop sending PWM ripple.
In the third aspect and above-mentioned any possible implementation, in the third possible implementation, described load is permagnetic synchronous motor, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is in motoring condition.
Above technical scheme, can be in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, by control method, DC bus current is just always, energy directly offers inversion side from electrical network through over commutation side, and inversion side does not have energy feedback to DC bus, the energy (electric current) that therefore can reduce to discharge and recharge on dc-link capacitance, thereby can reduce the capacity of dc-link capacitance, even can save dc-link capacitance, and then reduce the cost of frequency converter, improve the functional reliability of frequency converter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of topology of the frequency converter with dc-link capacitance schematic diagram of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the frequency converter topology schematic diagram that there is no dc-link capacitance in prior art;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the load of frequency converter provided by the invention is permagnetic synchronous motor;
Fig. 4 is control method embodiment mono-flow chart of frequency converter provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 a-5e is five kinds of five kinds of conducting state figure that on off state is corresponding;
Fig. 6 is control method embodiment bis-flow charts of frequency converter provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the control block diagram of control method provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is the control block diagram of another kind of control method provided by the invention;
Fig. 9 is control appliance embodiment mono-schematic diagram of frequency converter provided by the invention;
Figure 10 is control appliance embodiment bis-schematic diagrames of frequency converter provided by the invention;
Figure 11 is control appliance embodiment tri-schematic diagrames of frequency converter provided by the invention;
Figure 12 is control system embodiment mono-schematic diagram of frequency converter provided by the invention.
Embodiment
First the control method that the embodiment of the present invention is realized to a kind of frequency converter describes, and comprising:
Detect the three-phase current I of the inversion side output of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
According to three-phase voltage and the described three-phase current control target power factor of the output of DC bus current and inversion side, determine the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current; The given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined described target voltage;
According to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine that sending out state wavy at least three kinds synthesizes described target voltage; Described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
It should be noted that, the load of frequency converter can be permagnetic synchronous motor, and such as the inside such as DC frequency-changeable compressor and frequency conversion fan is all embedded with permagnetic synchronous motor.Referring to Fig. 3, the schematic diagram that the load that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention is permagnetic synchronous motor.
Alternating current Vin is direct voltage Vdc by rectifier rectification, and then through inverter, inversion is alternating current Vout to Vdc, then drives permagnetic synchronous motor M.
Be understandable that, the load of frequency converter can be also other power factors higher (approaching 1) and load that can not feedback energy, for example pure resistive load, resistance sense load, capacitance resistance load, for load that can not feedback energy, its power factor is uncontrollable, therefore controlling is that permagnetic synchronous motor is simpler than load, is introduced below taking the load of frequency converter as permagnetic synchronous motor as example.Certainly, the control method of controlling permagnetic synchronous motor is equally applicable to the load of other classifications, and its general principle is identical, the follow-up introduction of distinctive points.
Embodiment of the method one:
Referring to Fig. 4, control method embodiment mono-flow chart that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
S401: the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current I that detect the inversion side output of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Due to the state difference of the three-phase current of inversion side output, corresponding PWM wave emitter send out state difference wavy, therefore need to detect the state of three-phase current.
Because three-phase current can not, entirely for just, can not be also entirely negative, therefore, three-phase current I
a, I
band I
ctotal following six kinds of assembled state one:
Positive and negative, negative;
Just, positive and negative;
Negative, positive, negative;
Negative, positive, just;
Negative, negative, positive;
Positive and negative, just.
S402: obtain the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current; Determine the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current; The given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined described target voltage;
Be understandable that, the three-phase voltage of being exported by inversion side and three-phase current can obtain the current power factor of frequency converter.The starting point that is regulating power factor is current power factor.Start to adjust from current power factor according to DC bus current again, the power factor after adjustment is target power factor.
For example, obtaining current power factor according to three-phase voltage and three-phase current is 0.9, and DC bus current is for negative, and regulating power factor increases since 0.9, but power factor can not exceed 1, and maximum is 1.If power factor regulation to 1, DC bus current still, for negative, can not increase power factor again, if power factor is not to 1 o'clock DC bus current for just, stops adjusting.
It should be noted that, the PWM that DC bus current can send according to the three-phase current of inversion side output and PWM wave emitter sends out state wavy and calculates, also can obtain by direct-detection.
Target power factor can be by DC bus current, and three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of the output of inversion side are determined.
Can determine the given electric current of excitation by target power factor and given torque current, this is the prior art in Electric Machine Control.
Be understandable that, given torque current is known quantity.
Can determine target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref by the given electric current of excitation and given torque current.
S403: according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out wavy state and coming switching device in control inverter, make the three-phase voltage of described inverter output synthesize described target voltage; Described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
For PWM wave emitter, target voltage is known, and three-phase target voltage is respectively Varef, Vbref, Vcref.
Due in inverter, the on off state of the top tube and down tube on same brachium pontis is just in time contrary, and for example, for A phase brachium pontis, when upper pipe Q1 is conducting, corresponding lower pipe Q2 is for turn-offing.Therefore, for convenience of description, be described as an example of pipe in inverter three example, the opposite states of the state of three lower pipes and three upper pipes, no longer specifically introduces at this.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, in order to ensure that DC bus current is for just, the on off states of three upper pipes corresponding to every kind of three-phase current assembled state are three kinds, are understandable that, " 1 " on off state represents pipe conducting, and " 0 " represents that pipe turn-offs.Because the on off state of the each pipe in inverter is driven by PWM ripple, that is, PWM ripple corresponding to pipe conducting is high level, and it is low level that pipe turn-offs corresponding PWM ripple.
In addition, except every kind of corresponding 3 kinds of on off states of current status combination in table 1, can also add two kinds of on off states shown in following table 2, it is on off state in every kind of current status combination corresponding 5, it should be noted that, in order to make DC bus current for just, every kind of current status need to select at least 3 kinds of on off states to synthesize from 5 kinds of on off states.
Table 2
It should be noted that, simple three upper pipe standard-sized sheets as shown in Table 2, or three upper pipe complete shut-downs, only cannot synthesize target voltage by these two kinds of on off states, at least needs three kinds of on off states could synthesize target voltage.
For example, describe as an example of first currents combination state example, A phase current is for just, and B phase and C phase current are negative, can select five kinds of on off states 101,100,110,111, and 000 synthesizes target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref.
The first on off state 101 corresponding diagram 5a, the state of three upper pipes respectively: conducting, shutoff and conducting;
The second on off state 100 corresponding diagram 5b, the state of three upper pipes respectively: conducting, shutoff and shutoff;
The third on off state 110 corresponding diagram 5c, the state of three upper pipes respectively: conducting, turn-on and turn-off;
The 4th kind of on off state 111 corresponding diagram 5d, the state of three upper pipes respectively: conducting, conducting and conducting.
The 5th kind of on off state 000 corresponding diagram 5e, the state of three upper pipes respectively: turn-off, turn-off and turn-off.
In Fig. 5 a-5d, be the topological schematic diagram of inverter, the arrow in figure shows sense of current,
From Fig. 5 a-5d, also can find out, the on off state of three lower pipes is just in time contrary with the on off state of three upper pipes, i.e. complementary conducting: when upper pipe conducting, lower pipe turn-offs; When upper pipe turn-offs, lower pipe conducting.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the control method of frequency converter, can be in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, by control method, DC bus current is just always, energy directly offers inversion side from electrical network through over commutation side, the energy (electric current) that can reduce to discharge and recharge on dc-link capacitance, thus the capacity of dc-link capacitance can be reduced, even can save dc-link capacitance, reduce the cost of frequency converter, improved the functional reliability of frequency converter.
Embodiment of the method two:
Referring to Fig. 6, control method embodiment bis-flow charts that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
In order to improve the operating efficiency of frequency converter, permagnetic synchronous motor is worked in the time approaching breakdown torque current ratio, need to control target power factor.In the present embodiment, specifically introduce the control method of target power factor.
S601: detect the positive and negative of DC bus current;
S602: if described DC bus current is for just, controls described current power factor and be reduced to since 1 power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding;
S603: if described DC bus current is for negative, controls described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
Be understandable that, power factor maximum increases to 1, can not exceed 1.
Be understandable that, S602 and S603 do not have sequencing.
It should be noted that, the adjusting of target power factor is completed by power factor controller.The groundwork principle of control method provided by the invention is described below in conjunction with control block diagram.
The control method that the present embodiment provides, send out the state of ripple except controlling PWM, also need to control target power factor, control frequency converter and be operated in the breakdown torque electric current place of motor by controlling target power factor, can improve like this operating efficiency of frequency converter.
Embodiment of the method three:
Referring to Fig. 7, the control block diagram that this figure is control method provided by the invention.
DC bus current in the present embodiment is calculated out by bus current supposition device 10.
Bus current infer device 10 can according to PWM wave emitter 70 send out state Pwma, Pwmb wavy, Pwmc and three-phase current I
a, I
band I
ccalculate DC bus current Idc.
Be understandable that, DC bus current Idc also can directly measure acquisition.
Power factor controller 20 is according to the three-phase current I of three-phase voltage Vout-a, the Vout-b of DC bus current, the output of inversion side, Vout-c and the output of inversion side
a, I
band I
cdetermine target power factor phi; Obtain the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current;
Given torque current Iref2 is issued the given maker 40 of exciting current by torque current control point adjustment 30;
Be understandable that, given torque current Iref2 is known.
The given maker 40 of exciting current is determined the given electric current I ref1 of excitation by target power factor phi and given torque current Iref2;
Output current controller 50 is according to the given electric current I ref1 of excitation and given torque current Iref2 and three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cdetermine target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref.
On off state selector 60 is according to target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref and three-phase current I
a, I
b, I
cdetermine on off state Cmpa, Cmpb, Cmpc.
PWM wave emitter 70 is exported PWM ripple Pwma, Pwmb, Pwmc according on off state Cmpa, Cmpb, Cmpc.
It should be noted that, safeguard measure is also provided in the present embodiment, i.e. protector 80, receives DC bus-bar voltage Udc and DC bus current Idc.
When described DC bus-bar voltage Udc exceedes predetermined threshold value, and/or when described DC bus current Idc is for negative, described PWM wave emitter 70 will stop sending PWM ripple.Be the output that PWM wave emitter 70 blocks PWM ripple, thereby protection inverter is not damaged.
Be understandable that, predetermined threshold value is a predefined magnitude of voltage, and this magnitude of voltage can be set according to concrete application scenarios, for example, set according to some parameters of frequency converter and permagnetic synchronous motor.Specifically do not limit numerical value at this.
It should be noted that, in above embodiment, be to be all introduced as permagnetic synchronous motor as example taking the load of frequency converter, and in the time that load is other loads, owing to there is no energy feedback, its power factor is determined by load, therefore have no idea power factor to regulate, therefore, omitted the bus current in Fig. 7 and inferred device 10, power factor controller 20.
As shown in Figure 8, identical in fundamental diagram Fig. 7, does not repeat them here its control principle drawing.
The control method of a kind of frequency converter providing based on above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of control appliance of frequency converter, describes in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Apparatus embodiments one:
Referring to Fig. 9, control appliance embodiment mono-schematic diagram that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
The control appliance of the frequency converter that the present embodiment provides, comprising: detecting unit 901, power factor controlling unit 902, the given unit 903 of exciting current, target voltage determining unit 904, on off state selected cell 905 and on off state determining unit 906;
Described detecting unit 901, the three-phase current I exporting for detection of the inversion side of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Due to the state difference of the three-phase current of inversion side output, corresponding PWM wave emitter send out state difference wavy, therefore need to detect the state of three-phase current.
Described power factor controlling unit 902, for according to three-phase voltage and the described three-phase current control target power factor of the output of DC bus current and inversion side;
The given unit 903 of described exciting current, for determining the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current;
Described target voltage determining unit 904, for determining target voltage by the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current;
It should be noted that, the PWM that DC bus current can send according to the three-phase current of inversion side output and PWM wave emitter sends out state wavy and calculates, also can obtain by direct-detection.
Target power factor can be by DC bus current, and three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of the output of inversion side are determined.
Can determine the given electric current of excitation by target power factor and given torque current.
Can determine target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref by the given electric current of excitation and given torque current.
Described on off state selected cell 905, for according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy;
Described on off state determining unit 906, for the to send out wavy state definite at least three kinds of on off states of sending out state wavy and come switching device control inverter from having selected according to described target voltage, the synthetic described target voltage of three-phase voltage that makes described inverter output, described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
For PWM wave emitter, target voltage is known, and three-phase target voltage is respectively Varef, Vbref, Vcref.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the control appliance of frequency converter, can be in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, by control method, DC bus current is just always, energy directly offers inversion side from electrical network through over commutation side, the energy (electric current) that can reduce to discharge and recharge on dc-link capacitance, thus the capacity of dc-link capacitance can be reduced, even can save dc-link capacitance, reduce the cost of frequency converter, improved the functional reliability of frequency converter.
Apparatus embodiments two:
Referring to Figure 10, control appliance embodiment bis-schematic diagrames that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
In order to improve the operating efficiency of frequency converter, permagnetic synchronous motor is worked in the time approaching breakdown torque current ratio, need to control target power factor.In the present embodiment, specifically introduce the control appliance of target power factor.
The control appliance of the frequency converter that the present embodiment provides, described power factor controlling unit 902 comprises: DC bus current judgment sub-unit 902a and power factor controlling subelement 902b;
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit 902a, for judging the positive and negative of DC bus current, sends to described power factor controlling subelement 902b by judged result;
Described power factor controlling subelement 902b, for judging that as described DC bus current judgment sub-unit 902a DC bus current is timing, controls described current power factor and is reduced to since 1 the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding; , control described current power factor and stop reducing when negative when described DC bus current judgment sub-unit 902a judges DC bus current, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.Be understandable that, power factor maximum increases to 1, can not exceed 1.
It should be noted that, the adjusting of target power factor is completed by power factor controller.The groundwork principle of control method provided by the invention is described below in conjunction with control block diagram.
The control appliance that the present embodiment provides, send out the state of ripple except controlling PWM, also need to control target power factor, control frequency converter and be operated in the breakdown torque electric current place of motor by controlling target power factor, can improve like this operating efficiency of frequency converter.
Apparatus embodiments three:
Referring to Figure 11, control appliance embodiment tri-schematic diagrames that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
The control appliance of the frequency converter that the present embodiment provides, also comprises: DC bus-bar voltage judging unit 907 and protected location 908;
Described DC bus-bar voltage judging unit 907, when judging that described DC bus-bar voltage exceedes predetermined threshold value, sends voltage protecting signal to described protected location 908;
Be understandable that, predetermined threshold value is a predefined magnitude of voltage, and this magnitude of voltage can be set according to concrete application scenarios, for example, set according to some parameters of frequency converter and permagnetic synchronous motor.Specifically do not limit numerical value at this.
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit 902a, for judging that described DC bus current when negative, sends current protection signal to described protected location 908;
Described protected location 908, in the time receiving described voltage protecting signal and/or current protection signal, controls described PWM wave emitter and stops sending PWM ripple.
Be understandable that, in the time that DC bus-bar voltage exceedes threshold value, need to block the output of PWM ripple; When DC bus current is when negative, the output that also needs to block PWM ripple.Can protect like this inverter not damaged.
It should be noted that, in above embodiment, be to be all introduced as permagnetic synchronous motor as example taking the load of frequency converter, and in the time that load is other loads, owing to there is no energy feedback, its power factor is determined by load, therefore has no idea power factor to regulate.
The control method of a kind of frequency converter providing based on above embodiment and control appliance, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of control system of frequency converter, describes in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Figure 12, control system embodiment mono-schematic diagram that this figure is frequency converter provided by the invention.
The control system of the frequency converter that the present embodiment provides, comprising: rectifier 1200, inverter 1300, DC bus 1400, controller 1500 and PWM wave emitter 1600;
Described rectifier 1200, for being to export to described inverter 1300 after direct current by AC rectification;
Described inverter 1300, for by described DC inverter being powering load after alternating current;
Between described rectifier 1200 and inverter 1300, it is DC bus 1400;
Described controller 1500, for obtaining the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current; Determine the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current; The given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined described target voltage; According to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter 1600 send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out wavy state and coming switching device in control inverter, make the three-phase voltage of described inverter output synthesize described target voltage; Described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus 1400.
Be understandable that, described given torque current is known quantity.
Due to the state difference of the three-phase current of inversion side output, corresponding PWM wave emitter send out state difference wavy, therefore need to detect the state of three-phase current.
It should be noted that, the PWM that DC bus current can send according to the three-phase current of inversion side output and PWM wave emitter sends out state wavy and calculates, also can obtain by direct-detection.
Target power factor can be by DC bus current, and three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of the output of inversion side are determined.
Can determine the given electric current of excitation by target power factor and given torque current.
Can determine target voltage Varef, Vbref, Vcref by the given electric current of excitation and given torque current.
For PWM wave emitter, target voltage is known, and three-phase target voltage is respectively Varef, Vbref, Vcref.
It should be noted that, PWM wave emitter 1600 is used for sending PWM ripple to each pipe in inverter, controls the on off state of each pipe.For example, when PWM ripple is high level, corresponding pipe conducting, when PWM ripple is low level, corresponding pipe turn-offs.
Due in inverter, the on off state of the top tube and down tube on same brachium pontis is just in time contrary, and for example, for A phase brachium pontis, when upper pipe Q1 is conducting, corresponding lower pipe Q2 is for turn-offing.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the control system of frequency converter, can be in the situation that not changing frequency converter topology, by control method, DC bus current is just always, energy directly offers inversion side from electrical network through over commutation side, the energy (electric current) that can reduce to charge and discharge on dc-link capacitance, thus the capacity of dc-link capacitance can be reduced, even can save dc-link capacitance, reduce the cost of frequency converter, improved the functional reliability of frequency converter.
It should be noted that, in system embodiment one, the load of frequency converter can be permagnetic synchronous motor, and such as the inside such as DC frequency-changeable compressor and frequency conversion fan is all embedded with permagnetic synchronous motor.Because DC bus current is always for just, therefore permagnetic synchronous motor can be operated in motoring condition always.
Be understandable that, the load of frequency converter can be also other power factors higher (approaching 1) and load that can not feedback energy, for example pure resistive load, resistance sense load, capacitance resistance load, for load that can not feedback energy, its power factor is uncontrollable, therefore controls more simpler than permagnetic synchronous motor load.Do not repeat them here, control principle can be referring to embodiment corresponding to Fig. 8.
System embodiment two:
In order to improve the operating efficiency of frequency converter, permagnetic synchronous motor is worked in the time approaching breakdown torque current ratio, need to control target power factor.In the present embodiment, specifically introduce the control of target power factor.
Described controller, for regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current, be specially: if described DC bus current is for just, controls current power factor and be reduced to since 1 the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding; If described DC bus current is for negative, control current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.Be understandable that, power factor maximum increases to 1, can not exceed 1.
The control method that the present embodiment provides, send out the state of ripple except controlling PWM, also need to control target power factor, control frequency converter and be operated in the breakdown torque electric current place of motor by controlling target power factor, can improve like this operating efficiency of frequency converter.
System embodiment three:
In order to ensure the safe operation of whole frequency converter, the controller providing in system embodiment of the present invention also has defencive function.
Described controller, also for exceeding predetermined threshold value when described DC bus-bar voltage, and/or, when described DC bus current is for negative, control described PWM wave emitter and stop sending PWM ripple.Block PWM ripple, can protect like this inverter not damaged.
Be understandable that, predetermined threshold value is a predefined magnitude of voltage, and this magnitude of voltage can be set according to concrete application scenarios, for example, set according to some parameters of frequency converter and permagnetic synchronous motor.Specifically do not limit numerical value at this.
The method, apparatus and system that each embodiment provides above can be controlled DC bus current in frequency converter always for just, thereby make inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus, can reduce like this electric weight that charges and discharge of dc-link capacitance, thereby reduce the capacitance of dc-link capacitance, and then reduce the volume of whole frequency converter, reduce hardware cost.
Each embodiment in the present invention is introduced as permagnetic synchronous motor as example taking the load of frequency converter, and while being permagnetic synchronous motor due to load, its power factor can be controlled.In the time of load that load is other types, owing to there is no energy feedback, so power factor determined by load, be uncontrollable, therefore, control while getting up to be permagnetic synchronous motor than load more simply, no longer specifically introduce at this.For example, in the time that load is pure resistive load, the necessity that does not also use the method to control.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a control method for frequency converter, is characterized in that, comprising:
Detect three-phase voltage and the three-phase current I of the inversion side output of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Obtain the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulate described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current;
The size of determining the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current, the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined target voltage, described given torque current is given known quantity;
According to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out state wavy and coming switching device in control inverter, the synthetic described target voltage of three-phase voltage that makes described inverter output, described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
2. the control method of frequency converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, be specially:
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor negative and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: open and close, open open and close, pass, open, open and close, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor just and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: open and close, pass, open, open and close, pass, open and close, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor just and I
cwhen negative, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: open, open and close pass, open and close, close, open, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor just and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: pass, open and close, close, open, open, close, close, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor negative, I
bfor negative and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out state wavy be following five kinds of states: close, open, open, close, close, open, open and close, open, open, open, open, close, close, close, control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe;
As described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative state be: I
afor just, I
bfor negative and I
cfor timing, select three upper pipes of control inverter that PWM wave emitter sends to send out wavy state be following five kinds of states: close, close, open, open and close, open, open and close, pass, open, open, open, and closes, closes, pass; Control sending out wavy state and controlling the above complementation of pipe of lower pipe.
3. the control method of frequency converter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current, is specially:
If described DC bus current, for just, is controlled described current power factor and is started to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding;
If described DC bus current is for negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
4. the control method of frequency converter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: detect DC bus-bar voltage and DC bus current;
When described DC bus-bar voltage exceedes predetermined threshold value, and/or, when described DC bus current is for negative, control described PWM wave emitter and stop sending PWM ripple.
5. a control appliance for frequency converter, is characterized in that, comprising: detecting unit, power factor controlling unit, the given unit of exciting current, target voltage determining unit, on off state selected cell and on off state determining unit;
Described detecting unit, the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current I that export for detection of the inversion side of frequency converter
a, I
band I
c;
Described power factor controlling unit, for obtaining the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current;
The given unit of described exciting current, for determining the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current;
Described target voltage determining unit, for determining target voltage by the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current, described given torque current is given known quantity; Described on off state selected cell, for according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy;
Described on off state determining unit, for the to send out wavy state definite at least three kinds of on off states of sending out state wavy and come switching device control inverter from having selected according to described target voltage, the synthetic described target voltage of three-phase voltage that makes described inverter output, described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
6. the control appliance of frequency converter according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described power factor controlling unit comprises: DC bus current judgment sub-unit and power factor controlling subelement;
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit, for judging the positive and negative of DC bus current, sends to described power factor controlling subelement by judged result;
Described power factor controlling subelement, for judging that when described DC bus current judgment sub-unit DC bus current is timing, control described current power factor and start to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding, in the time that described DC bus current judgment sub-unit judges that DC bus current is negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
7. according to the control appliance of the frequency converter described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, also comprise: DC bus-bar voltage judging unit and protected location;
Described DC bus-bar voltage judging unit, when judging that described DC bus-bar voltage exceedes predetermined threshold value, sends voltage protecting signal to described protected location;
Described DC bus current judgment sub-unit, for judging that described DC bus current when negative, sends current protection signal to described protected location;
Described protected location, in the time receiving described voltage protecting signal and/or current protection signal, controls described PWM wave emitter and stops sending PWM ripple.
8. a control system for frequency converter, is characterized in that, comprising: rectifier, inverter, DC bus, controller and PWM wave emitter;
Described rectifier, for being to export to described inverter after direct current by AC rectification;
Described inverter, for by described DC inverter being powering load after alternating current;
It between described rectifier and inverter, is DC bus;
Described controller, for obtaining the current power factor of frequency converter by described three-phase voltage and three-phase current, regulates described current power factor to target power factor according to DC bus current; , determine the size of the given electric current of excitation according to described target power factor and given torque current, the given electric current of described excitation and described given torque current are determined target voltage, according to described three-phase current I
a, I
band I
cpositive and negative condition selecting PWM wave emitter send out state wavy, according to described target voltage from selected send out state wavy determine at least three kinds of on off states of sending out wavy state and coming switching device in control inverter, make the three-phase voltage of described inverter output synthesize described target voltage; Described target voltage makes inversion side there is no energy feedback to DC bus.
9. the control system of frequency converter according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described controller, be used for according to three-phase voltage and the described three-phase current control target power factor of DC bus current and the output of inversion side, be specially: if described DC bus current is for just, control described current power factor and start to be reduced to the power factor that breakdown torque electric current is corresponding, if described DC bus current is for negative, control described current power factor and stop reducing, start to increase to DC bus current for till just.
10. the control system of frequency converter according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described controller, and also for exceeding predetermined threshold value when described DC bus-bar voltage, and/or, when described DC bus current is for negative, control described PWM wave emitter and stop sending PWM ripple.
The control system of the frequency converter described in 11. according to Claim 8-10 any one, is characterized in that, described load is permagnetic synchronous motor, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is in motoring condition.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410155047.5A CN103944409B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | The control method of a kind of converter, equipment and system |
| PCT/CN2014/092009 WO2015158134A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-11-24 | Frequency inverter control method, device and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410155047.5A CN103944409B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | The control method of a kind of converter, equipment and system |
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| CN103944409B CN103944409B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN111106744A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-05-05 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Active discharge method and device for inverter |
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| CN103944409B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| WO2015158134A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
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