CN102515907A - Aerobic composting method for organic perishable garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide an aerobic composting method for organic perishable garbage. The method comprises the following steps: adding effective microorganism (EM) strains; crushing and mixing uniformly; forming a pile; entering a first composting period; turning the pile; entering a second composting period; sieving; and entering a later composting period so as to obtain the initial fertilizer. According to the method, the perishable garbage is utilized completely, and the perishable garbage is decomposed into the initial fertilizer according with the national standard by simple methods of composting, turning the materials and the like. Due to proper ventilation, pile-turning time and two-stage composting period, no odor and flies exist in the composting process, and the popularization and the application are more convenient.

Description

A kind of aerobic compost method of organic perishable rubbish

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of treatment process of organic waste, specifically the aerobic compost method of organic perishable rubbish.

Background technology

The three big problems that Modern World faces: food problems, environmental problem and energy problem.We can say that the solution of these three big problems is all relevant with mikrobe, with regard to feed; Development along with livestock industry production; Guarantee that the essential protein fodder of domestic animal more and more lacks, need to solve the present situation of China's feed protein wretched insufficiency, actively utilize renewable resource; Utilizing the waste material of various agricultural byproducts processings to produce feedstuff protein, is an important channel.Estimate that according to the parties concerned there are 1,000 hundred million tons of cellulose resource in the whole world every year approximately, China has 5,000,000,000 tons approximately, and wherein agricultural crop straw (table straw, straw, corn stalk etc.) just reaches about 500,000,000 tons.What these agricultural crop straws can be used for silage is minority, and great majority are as fuel and fertilizer, even also adopt traditional direct feeding method as the sub-fraction of feed, digestive utilization ratio is very low more.If stalk is carried out microbiological treatment, or the physics and chemistry processing, or comprehensive treating process, then can improve the digestibility of animal greatly.Wherein, the microbiological treatment technology, noticeable especially, the whole world is all making great efforts to explore further investigation, and has obtained remarkable progress.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of aerobic compost method of organic perishable rubbish in order to solve the defective of above-mentioned prior art.

Technical solution of the present invention has following steps:

A, fragmentation are mixed

The perishable rubbish of about 10t one car was crushed to the sieve mesh that can cross 1.2cm * 1.2cm in 3-5 hour; Get into aerobic fermentation chamber then; And in aerobic fermentation chamber, add EM (useful microbe crowd) bacterial classification; Abundant mixing, the C/N ratio of regulating perishable rubbish is at 25 ~ 35:1, and water ratio is 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

B, in heaps

The perishable rubbish that obtains behind per two car mixings with the A step is a pile body unit; 4 ~ 8 forced-ventilation pipes of uniform distribution in the heap body; Said waste height is less than 2 meters, and bottom width is less than 5 meters, and the heap surface is carried out and covered 10 ~ 20cm oversize or semi-mature material; Ventpipe communicates with aeration equipment, is provided with TM in the heap body;

C, first becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

Perishable rubbish after the B step is in heaps was first to become thoroughly decomposed the phase in 10 ~ 15 days, and every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this; Before the said heap temperature to 60 °, ventilate twice every day, each about 30 minutes, heap temperature extended to 30 ~ 50 minutes at 60 ° ~ 75 ° aeration time, control heap body water ratio 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

D, turning

Carry out the turning first time in the time of 10 ~ 15 days in heaps, heap is stopped the surface after the turning does not need to carry out again and covers the sieve thing, regulates water ratio 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

E, second becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

For the first time after the turning 15 ~ 20 days be second to become thoroughly decomposed the phase; Every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this, through long-time ventilation or turning in 2 ~ 3 days once, and to make the control heap temperature less than 75 °; Preceding 10 days through the not moisturizing of only ventilating after 50 ~ 60%, 10 days of moisturizing control water ratio;

F, screening

Second becomes thoroughly decomposed the heap body of phase through the screen cloth of 1.2cm * 1.2cm, tells top sieve thing and sieve thing down, and the top sieve thing is used to pile body to be carried out lid or make addition material, becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase after the following sieve thing entering;

G, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase

Under sieve and become thoroughly decomposed the phase after thing gets into, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase less than 30 days, met " townm refuse agricultural standards " composting production (GB8172-87) at last.

Below, enumerate embodiment and comparative example specifies the present invention, but the present invention does not receive any qualification of these embodiment.

The invention has the advantages that and make full use of perishable rubbish; Through simple means such as compost stirrings is the first fertilizer of National standard with perishable garbage decomposition; Because suitable ventilation, turning time and two sections become thoroughly decomposed the phase, composting process is destitute of smell does not have fly, is convenient to promote and use.

Embodiment 1

A, fragmentation are mixed

The perishable rubbish of about 10t one car was crushed to the sieve mesh that can cross 1.2cm * 1.2cm in 3 hours; Get into aerobic fermentation chamber then; And in aerobic fermentation chamber, add the EM-1 type bacterial classification of Guangzhou Bioisystech Co., Ltd of benefit nation; Abundant mixing, the C/N ratio of regulating perishable rubbish is at 25:1, and water ratio is 50% weight percent;

B, in heaps

The perishable rubbish that obtains behind per two car mixings with the A step is a pile body unit, 4 forced-ventilation pipes of uniform distribution in the heap body, and said waste height is less than 2 meters; Bottom width is less than 5 meters; The heap surface is carried out and is covered the 10cm semi-mature material, and ventpipe communicates with aeration equipment, is provided with TM in the heap body;

C, first becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

Perishable rubbish after the B step is in heaps was first to become thoroughly decomposed the phase in 10 days, and every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this; Before the said heap temperature to 60 °, ventilate twice every day, each about 30 minutes, heap temperature extended to 30 minutes at 60 ° of aeration time, control heap body water ratio 50% weight percent;

D, turning

Carry out the turning first time in the time of 10 days in heaps, heap is stopped the surface after the turning does not need to carry out again and covers the sieve thing, regulates water ratio 50% weight percent;

E, second becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

For the first time after the turning 15 days be second to become thoroughly decomposed the phase, every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this, and by long-time ventilation, making the control heap temperature less than 75 °, preceding 10 days by the not moisturizing of only ventilating after 50%, 10 day of moisturizing control moisture content;

F, screening

Second becomes thoroughly decomposed the heap body of phase through the screen cloth of 1.2cm * 1.2cm, tells top sieve thing and sieve thing down, and the top sieve thing is used to pile body to be carried out lid or make addition material, becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase after the following sieve thing entering;

G, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase

Under sieve and become thoroughly decomposed the phase after thing gets into, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase less than 30 days, met " townm refuse agricultural standards " composting production (GB8172-87) at last.

Embodiment 2

With embodiment 1, be perishable refuse breaking 5 hours in the described A step, C/N ratio is adjusted to 35:1, and water ratio is 70% weight percent; 8 forced-ventilation pipes of B step heap body uniform distribution, the debugging of heap body is 1.5 meters, and bottom width is 4 meters, and the heap surface is carried out and is covered the 20cm oversize; C step the first phase of becoming thoroughly decomposed is 15 days, extends to 40 minutes when heap temperature to 65 is spent, control heap body water ratio 60% weight percent; The D step is turning for the first time in the time of 14 days in heaps, regulates water ratio 70% weight percent; After the turning for the first time of E step 20 days be second to become thoroughly decomposed the phase, turning in 3 days once, moisturizing in preceding 10 days control water ratio 60%.

Embodiment 3

With embodiment 1, be perishable refuse breaking 4 hours in the described A step, C/N ratio is adjusted to 30:1, and water ratio is 60% weight percent; 6 forced-ventilation pipes of B step heap body uniform distribution, the debugging of heap body is 1 meter, and bottom width is 3 meters, and the heap surface is carried out and is covered the 15cm oversize; C step the first phase of becoming thoroughly decomposed is 13 days, extends to 50 minutes when heap temperature to 75 is spent, control heap body water ratio 70% weight percent; The D step is turning for the first time in the time of 15 days in heaps, regulates water ratio 60% weight percent; After the turning for the first time of E step 17 days be second to become thoroughly decomposed the phase, turning in 2 days once, moisturizing in preceding 10 days control water ratio 55%.

Claims (1)

1. the aerobic compost method of organic perishable rubbish is characterized in that following steps are arranged:

A, fragmentation are mixed

The perishable rubbish of about 10t one car was crushed to the sieve mesh that can cross 1.2cm * 1.2cm in 3-5 hour; Get into aerobic fermentation chamber then, and in aerobic fermentation chamber, add the EM bacterial classification, fully mixing; The C/N ratio of regulating perishable rubbish is at 25 ~ 35:1, and water ratio is 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

B, in heaps

The perishable rubbish that obtains behind per two car mixings with the A step is a pile body unit; 4 ~ 8 forced-ventilation pipes of uniform distribution in the heap body; Said waste height is less than 2 meters, and bottom width is less than 5 meters, and the heap surface is carried out and covered 10 ~ 20cm oversize or semi-mature material; Ventpipe communicates with aeration equipment, is provided with TM in the heap body;

C, first becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

Perishable rubbish after the B step is in heaps was first to become thoroughly decomposed the phase in 10 ~ 15 days, and every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this; Before the said heap temperature to 60 °, ventilate twice every day, each about 30 minutes, heap temperature extended to 30 ~ 50 minutes at 60 ° ~ 75 ° aeration time, control heap body water ratio 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

D, turning

Carry out the turning first time in the time of 10 ~ 15 days in heaps, heap is stopped the surface after the turning does not need to carry out again and covers the sieve thing, regulates water ratio 50 ~ 70% weight percents;

E, second becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase

For the first time after the turning 15 ~ 20 days be second to become thoroughly decomposed the phase; Every day at upper and lower noon is respectively detected heap temperature once during this, through long-time ventilation or turning in 2 ~ 3 days once, and to make the control heap temperature less than 75 °; Preceding 10 days through the not moisturizing of only ventilating after 50 ~ 60%, 10 days of moisturizing control water ratio;

F, screening

Second becomes thoroughly decomposed the heap body of phase through the screen cloth of 1.2cm * 1.2cm, tells top sieve thing and sieve thing down, and the top sieve thing is used to pile body to be carried out lid or make addition material, becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase after the following sieve thing entering;

G, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase

Under sieve and become thoroughly decomposed the phase after thing gets into, after become thoroughly decomposed the phase less than 30 days, met " townm refuse agricultural standards " composting production (GB8172-87) at last.