CN1025149C - 用于假肢的二级驱动机构 - Google Patents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/68—Operating or control means
- A61F2/70—Operating or control means electrical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
- F16H37/0826—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one output shaft
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30518—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements with possibility of relative movement between the prosthetic parts
- A61F2002/30523—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements with possibility of relative movement between the prosthetic parts by means of meshing gear teeth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/68—Operating or control means
- A61F2/70—Operating or control means electrical
- A61F2002/701—Operating or control means electrical operated by electrically controlled means, e.g. solenoids or torque motors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种假肢驱动机构,其包括一具有两个驱动装置和一个从动装置的行星传动机构,此机构设有三个带内齿的、相互同轴布置齿数各异的外齿环3、4、5,至少两组星轮6、7与之相啮,其中每组行星轮均与中间外齿环4啮合,同时始终只与邻接于中间外齿环一侧的两外齿环3、5之一啮合,借此行星轮6、7可有选择地由二带外齿的内齿环8、9之一驱动。
Description
本发明涉及一种假肢驱动机构,它包括一个具有两个驱动装置的和一个从动装置的行星传动机构。
对假肢驱动机构而言,尤其对那些用于实施手指自然夹紧运动的夹爪之驱动机构,要求代表姆指和与中指相连的食指的二个夹爪能迅速(以微小的转矩)相对运动,而需抓取的物体一旦被此二夹爪夹住,二夹爪则以慢速且大转矩继续运动,以便能夹牢物体并操纵之。另外,假肢驱动机构之结构应节省空间,以使假肢能达到重量小、外形美观等要求。
本发明旨在提供一种满足上述要求的驱动机构。
本发明的这一目的借助本文开头所述的假肢驱动机构而得以实现:根据本发明的驱动机构设有三个带内齿的、相互同轴布置的外齿环,它们的齿数各异,这些外齿环与至少两组行星轮啮合,其中每个行星轮均与中间的外齿环啮合、但只与同中间外齿环一侧邻接的两外齿环之一啮合。此时,行星轮可有选择地由两个带外齿的内齿环驱动。借此结构,夹爪可以最佳的方式动作,即迅速转动到夹紧位,然后产生所需的夹紧力。代表手指的夹爪与从动装置相接。内啮合外齿环的齿数差可视模数情况任意选择。
假肢驱动机构的另一实施例表明,行星轮中至少有一组(需要时可以两个)构成二级(即呈阶梯状)。借此可以对传动件进行有利的空间分配,传动比变化可方便地通过相应的阶梯选择而实现、且达到有利的效率。当然构成一级行星轮也是可以的、亦即是说构成行星轮且与相邻内啮合的外齿环啮合的轮子就直径来说相互之间没有
距离。
本发明的又一构型表明,中间内啮合的外齿环具有一个齿顶圆,其直径至少与中间外齿环相邻且内啮合的外齿环之直径相等,此结构形状表明其制造特别容易,但效率则相应降低了。
为能以简便的方法获得两驱动装置之间所需的转数比,对由中间、内啮合外齿环和与之相邻、内啮合的外齿环所构成的外齿环组,至少有一组前接一个或若干个前置级(Vorstufe),后者必要时亦可作为行星传动机构。为实现从一驱动装置到另一驱动装置的自动转换,可为二驱动装置设置一开关(最好是电子开关),此开关在一驱动装置电流达极限值时使之停止,并同时接通另一驱动装置。
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明,附图中:
图1是假肢驱动机构第一实施例的轴向剖面图;
图2是假肢驱动机构第二实施例的轴向剖面图;
图3是图1沿Ⅲ-Ⅲ线的剖图;
图4是电路方框图。
附图中,标号1表示两个相互同轴设置的驱动装置,此装置由微型电机构成,行星传动机构具有唯一的一个从动装置2a、2b,它呈套筒状并套装在两驱动装置1之外,在从动装置2b上可连接代表手指、即食指和中指的夹爪,在从动装置2a上可连接代表姆指的爪。行星传动机构有三个齿数各不相同的带内齿的外齿环3、4、5,外齿环3、4和5是同轴布置的,至少二组行星轮6、7与外齿环3、4和5啮合。两组行星轮中的每个均与中间的外齿环4啮合,而且总是只与同中间外齿环4一侧相邻的外齿环3、5中的一个外齿环啮合,行星轮6、7可选择地由带外齿的内齿环8、9驱动。在图1所示的实施例中,两行星轮6、7的结构是两级(即呈阶梯状)的。与之不同的,图2所示的假肢驱动机构的两组行星轮是无级的,在此实施例中,中间内啮合的外齿环4有一齿顶圆,其直径与两个同中间外齿环相邻
布置的内啮合外齿环3和5的齿顶圆直径相同,与之相反,图1的实施例中,中间内啮合的外齿环4的齿顶圆直径较之与中间内啮合外齿环4相邻的内啮合外齿环3、5的齿顶圆直径为小。
图1、2实施例中的图号10、11表示一前置级,它被中间、内啮合的外齿环4和与之邻近的行星轮6预接。此前置级在所述的两实施例中是作为行星传动机构的,但亦可用另外一种传动机构充当前置级。为有选择地接通两驱动装置1,设置了一(如电子)开关装置(未绘出),如一驱动装置(如右方的驱动装置)在达到其电流极限值时,此开关会使其停止,同时又接通(图中左方示出的)另一驱动装置。
行星传动机构配制在套筒状外壳12中,从动装置2b通过一插塞连接13而与内啮合的外齿环5联接,驱动装置2a以同样方式通过插塞连接14而与内啮合的外齿环3联接。
所述带外齿的内齿环8、9或直接与驱动装置1(由电机构成)连接,或通过一已提及的由驱动装置控制的前置级10、11与驱动装置连接。
如图3所示,三个行星轮7设置在内啮合的外齿环5中,与此雷同,行星轮6亦以三个一组设置在外齿环3中。行星轮7可转动地支承在一保持器14中。为支承行星轮6的轴15,设有一保持器16。图中所示的假肢驱动机构是以如下方式工作的:
若位于图中右方的电机1以高速运转,则与从动装置2a、2b相连的夹爪快速地沿接合方向相对运动,此时第二电机(处于图中左方)处于停止。一旦两夹爪之间产生较高的电阻,这表明两夹爪已抓到要抓取的物体,此时驱动电机的电流增高,从而电路中开关转换到第二驱动电机(图中左方),同时位于右方的驱动电机停转。此时位于图中左方的电机的电流限值与最大夹紧力对应。夹爪从夹紧运动转变为松开动作可通过一手动开关进行,但亦可通过肌肉电流
(Muskelstrom)进行。
可以肯定,整个动作过程中只有一驱动装置(电机)在工作,也就是说一电机运转的同时另一驱动器(电机)暂停,亦即不作回程传动例如可通过设置一反转闭锁器之类装置。
图4中标号17表示一可选择地给电机18或19提供电压的电池,控制信号由皮肤电极(Hautelektroden)20、21、22、23提供。此信号在电路24或25中处理,首先强化并使均值,电路24、25把已处理的信号输送到比较电路26,此电路输出端为选择逻辑27的输入端,在功率级30或31中代表电流的信号在此反馈。选择逻辑的输出端与一转换开关32相接,后者视开动电机19或是电机18而接通功率级30或31,电机18、19中始终有一个是不开动的。
Claims (6)
1、一种假肢驱动机构,包括一具有两个驱动装置和一个从动装置的行星传动机构,其特征在于:所述行星传动机构设有三个带内齿的、相互同轴布置、齿数相异的外齿环3、4、5,至少两组行星轮6、7与这几个外齿环啮合,而两组行星轮中每一组均与中间的外齿环4啮合,且总是只与同中间外齿环一边邻接的两外齿环3、5之一啮合,借此行星轮6、7可选择地由两个带外齿的内齿环8、9中的一个驱动。
2、如权利要求1所述的假肢驱动机构,其特征在于:所述行星轮6、7中至少有一组,必要时也可以是两组都构成二级(呈阶梯状)。
3、如权利要求1所述的假肢驱动机构,其特征在于:中间、内啮合的外齿环4有一齿顶圆,其直径至少与邻接中间外齿环4、且内啮合的外齿环3、5中某一个的直径相等。
4、如权利要求1-3中任一权项所述的假肢驱动机构,其特征在于:由中间、内啮合外齿环4和与之邻接、内啮合的外齿环3或5构成的两组外齿环3、4或4、5中至少有一组与一个或若干个前置级预接,后者必要时也可作为行星传动机构10、11。
5、如权利要求1-3中任一权项所述的假肢驱动机构,其特征在于:所述两驱动装置设有一电子开关,此开关在一驱动装置的电流达极限值之时使之停止,同时接通另一驱动装置。
6、如权利要求4所述的假肢驱动机构,其特征在于:所述两驱动装置设有一电子开关,此开关在一驱动装置的电流达极限值之时使之停止,同时接通另一驱动装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA1842/88 | 1988-07-18 | ||
AT1842/88A AT391077B (de) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Prothesenantrieb |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1039353A CN1039353A (zh) | 1990-02-07 |
CN1025149C true CN1025149C (zh) | 1994-06-29 |
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ID=3522203
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN89104947A Expired - Fee Related CN1025149C (zh) | 1988-07-18 | 1989-07-18 | 用于假肢的二级驱动机构 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4923477A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0352253B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2866670B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1025149C (zh) |
AT (2) | AT391077B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1321683C (zh) |
DD (1) | DD283927A5 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE58906352D1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU1828398C (zh) |
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AT393548B (de) * | 1988-07-18 | 1991-11-11 | Bock Orthopaed Ind | Planetenreibraedergetriebe |
DE4232602C2 (de) * | 1992-09-29 | 1995-01-12 | Bock Orthopaed Ind | Gelenk in orthopädischen Prothesen und Orthesen |
US5411487A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1995-05-02 | Castagna; John F. | Hypodermic syringe with automatic needle cover |
GB9404830D0 (en) * | 1994-03-12 | 1994-04-27 | Lothian Health Board | Hand prosthesis |
US6010536A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-01-04 | Veatch; Bradley D. | Low-energy sequential-action prehensor |
US6423099B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2002-07-23 | Motion Control, Inc. | Safety clutch for a prosthetic grip |
US6358285B1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-03-19 | Teh Lin Prosthetic & Orthopaedic Inc. | Motor-driven prosthetic prehensor |
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US8372044B2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2013-02-12 | Safety Syringes, Inc. | Syringe with needle guard injection device |
WO2006138388A2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Ada Technologies, Inc. | Cable lock device for prosthetic and orthotic devices |
AT504039A1 (de) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-02-15 | Univ Wien Med | Implantat zur befestigung von bändern oder sehnen |
US20080188952A1 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2008-08-07 | Ada Technologies, Inc. | Pre-positionable prosthetic hand |
EP2134260B1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2016-05-04 | Becton Dickinson and Company | Safety blood collection assembly with indicator |
US8888713B2 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2014-11-18 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Safety blood collection assembly with indicator |
WO2009140644A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | Ada Technologies, Inc. | Prosthetic split hook terminal device with adjustable pinch force, functional grasping contours and illumination |
WO2010039925A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Ada Technologies, Inc. | Anatomically-configured adjustable upper extremity prosthetic device |
CN103690279B (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | 一种基于行星齿轮系的欠驱动假肢手系统 |
USD828424S1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-09-11 | Porsche Lizenz-Und Handelsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg | Watch winder |
CN109692061B (zh) * | 2019-01-07 | 2024-02-06 | 北京理工大学 | 一种行星传动型假肢手 |
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DE2121023B2 (de) * | 1971-04-29 | 1973-05-24 | Otto Bock Orthopädische Industrie KG, 3428 Duderstadt | Prothesengetriebe |
US4598942A (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1986-07-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Force-controlled gripper with adaptive accommodation |
US4696501A (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-09-29 | Honeywell Inc. | Robot gripper |
-
1988
- 1988-07-18 AT AT1842/88A patent/AT391077B/de active
-
1989
- 1989-07-17 RU SU894614582A patent/RU1828398C/ru active
- 1989-07-17 CA CA000605853A patent/CA1321683C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-17 DD DD89330903A patent/DD283927A5/de unknown
- 1989-07-18 AT AT89890193T patent/ATE98113T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-07-18 US US07/381,609 patent/US4923477A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-18 CN CN89104947A patent/CN1025149C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-18 EP EP89890193A patent/EP0352253B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-18 JP JP1183829A patent/JP2866670B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-18 DE DE89890193T patent/DE58906352D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE58906352D1 (de) | 1994-01-20 |
ATA184288A (de) | 1990-02-15 |
EP0352253B1 (de) | 1993-12-08 |
DD283927A5 (de) | 1990-10-31 |
JP2866670B2 (ja) | 1999-03-08 |
ATE98113T1 (de) | 1993-12-15 |
EP0352253A2 (de) | 1990-01-24 |
AT391077B (de) | 1990-08-10 |
CN1039353A (zh) | 1990-02-07 |
CA1321683C (en) | 1993-08-31 |
EP0352253A3 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
JPH0280044A (ja) | 1990-03-20 |
RU1828398C (ru) | 1993-07-15 |
US4923477A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
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