CN102498999B - Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production - Google Patents
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production Download PDFInfo
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- CN102498999B CN102498999B CN2011103929001A CN201110392900A CN102498999B CN 102498999 B CN102498999 B CN 102498999B CN 2011103929001 A CN2011103929001 A CN 2011103929001A CN 201110392900 A CN201110392900 A CN 201110392900A CN 102498999 B CN102498999 B CN 102498999B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, which includes germination testing, seed sun-drying and selection, seed soaking and sprouting, bed soil fertility improving, seedling bed making, laying seedling trays, sowing seeds, exercising seedlings, topdressing and transplanting. The mechanized transplanting method has the advantages that wizened seeds are removed via seed selection so that balanced seedling quality is guaranteed; lowest temperature in film removing is controlled via the step of seedling exercising, and accordingly, seedling adaptability is enhanced and damage of the seedlings by ultralow temperature is avoided, sufficient nutrition supply for the seedlings after film removal is guaranteed via the step of topdressing; seedling blocks are regular in shape, solid and less prone to breaking, and convenient in transport after water is supplemented in transplanting; and seedling root systems coil firmly and survival rate of the seedlings transplanted is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cover cultivation methods, be specifically related to a kind of mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production.
Background technology
It is the paddy rice planting method of commonly using that the paddy rice production of hybrid seeds is transplanted, but traditional paddy rice producing method for seed can only be applicable to artificial transplanting, inefficiency.And the rice shoot colony quality is unbalanced, and the rice shoot quantity of weak seedling, diseased plant is many; Root system dish knot is insecure, and packing band soil thickness is unlikely, and the seedling piece is mentioned easily loose, has increased difficulty to transplanting; The block-shaped irregular scarce limit of seedling, unfilled corner; Root system is undeveloped, 10 of the common less thaies of the white root of individual plant, and transplanting survival rate is low.Traditional paddy rice production of hybrid seeds transplanting method has been not suitable for the requirement of modern agriculture high-yield and high-efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention namely is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of quality of seedlings mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production that high and suitable machinery is transplanted is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 2 ~ 4 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 2 ~ 3 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked after 8 ~ 14 hours 24 ~ 36 hours, then seed being carried out the high temperature moisturizing processes, temperature is controlled at 35 ~ 38 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make the seed heap, after the broken chest of seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, place indoor airing 3 ~ 4 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: one month earlier carry out an earth culture fertilizer, every mu even executes 1500 ~ 2500 kilograms of the dung polluted waters of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 60 ~ 70 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of nitrogen content 14%, phosphorus content 5%, potassium content 6%, 35 ~ 45 kilograms of superphosphate, 4 ~ 6 kilograms in potassium chloride, execute rear turning over continuously 2 ~ 3 times, get the topsoil stacking and cover plastic sheeting for farm use to soil-ripening; Or directly use per 100 kilograms of fine earths to add 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of non-irrigated seedling seedling strengthen agent and mix the soil that obtains thoroughly;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.3 ~ 1.4 meters, and 0.25 ~ 0.3 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.15 ~ 0.2 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 3 ~ 4 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 4 ~ 5 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 3 ~ 7 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 65 ~ 75% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 85 ~ 90% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.3 ~ 0.5 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled between 28 ~ 35 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, taking off film fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 3 ~ 5 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 2 ~ 3 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1 ~ 1.5 gram is converted clear water 150 ~ 200 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 3 ~ 4 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1 ~ 1.5 gram and is converted clear water 150 ~ 200 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 3 ~ 4 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
In the described sowing step, every thousand kernel weight 25 ~ 28 grams of seed, every dish sowing 90 ~ 105 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 5 ~ 10 seedlings.
The specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 2 meters, and male parent is planted false 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.78 ten thousand nests.
The specification of planting of described transplant step also can be wide 3.4 meters for the railway carriage or compartment, and male parent is planted large 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.85 ten thousand nests.
The path of planting of described transplant step is the leeway of leaving 1.5 meters of working widths around field, and after having interleave in the field, rice transplanter carries out rice transplanting in 1.5 meters along the field edge, and rolls field away from.
The planting the path and also can directly plant near balk for the first row of described transplant step, two 1.5 spacious and comfortable ground are left at turning, field two ends, after having interleave in the field, keep straight on by ridge, inserted two ends after, roll field away from.
Between sowing step and transplant step, remove at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. through seed selection, rejected shrivelled seed, guaranteed that the quality of seedlings is balanced;
2. the hardening step has been controlled the minimum temperature when taking off film, has namely played the effect that strengthens the rice shoot adaptive faculty, has also avoided temperature to cross the low infringement that rice shoot is caused;
3. the step of topdressing has guaranteed that rice shoot has enough nutrient supplies after taking off film;
4. moisturizing when transplanting, the block-shaped rule of seedling, solid being difficult for falls apart, convenient transportation;
5. rice shoot root system dish knot is firmly transplanted rear survival rate height.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
Embodiment 1:
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 2 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 2 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked 24 hours after 8 hours, then seed is carried out the high temperature moisturizing and process, temperature is controlled at 35 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make seed heap, after the broken chest of the seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, places indoor airing 3 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: one month earlier carry out an earth culture fertilizer, every mu even executes 1500 kilograms of the dung polluted waters of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 60 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of nitrogen content 14%, phosphorus content 5%, potassium content 6%, 35 kilograms of superphosphate, 4 kilograms in potassium chloride, execute rear turning over continuously 2 times, get the topsoil stacking and cover plastic sheeting for farm use to soil-ripening;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.3 meters, and 0.25 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.15 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 3 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 4 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 3 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1000 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 65% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 85% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.3 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled at 28 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, take off film and fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 3 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 2 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1 gram is converted clear water 150 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 3 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1 gram and is converted clear water 150 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 3 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
In the described sowing step, every thousand kernel weight 25 grams of seed, every dish sowing 90 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 5 seedlings.
The specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 2 meters, and male parent is planted false 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.78 ten thousand nests.
The path of planting of described transplant step is the leeway of leaving 1.5 meters of working widths around field, and after having interleave in the field, rice transplanter carries out rice transplanting in 1.5 meters along the field edge, and rolls field away from.
Between sowing step and transplant step, remove at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
Embodiment 2:
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 3 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 2.5 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked 30 hours after 12 hours, then seed being carried out the high temperature moisturizing processes, temperature is controlled at 36 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make the seed heap, after the broken chest of seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, place indoor airing 3.5 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: one month earlier carry out an earth culture fertilizer, every mu even executes 2000 kilograms of the dung polluted waters of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 65 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of nitrogen content 14%, phosphorus content 5%, potassium content 6%, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 5 kilograms in potassium chloride, execute rear turning over continuously 3 times, get the topsoil stacking and cover plastic sheeting for farm use to soil-ripening;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.35 meters, and 0.27 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.17 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 3.5 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 4.5 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 5 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1250 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 70% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 87% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.4 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled at 31 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, take off film and fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 4 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 3 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1 gram is converted clear water 175 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 4 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1.3 grams and is converted clear water 180 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 3.5 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
In the described sowing step, every thousand kernel weight 27 grams of seed, every dish sowing 95 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 7 seedlings.
The specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 3.4 meters, and male parent is planted large 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.85 ten thousand nests.
The path of planting of described transplant step is that the first row is directly planted near balk, and two 1.5 spacious and comfortable ground are left at turning, field two ends, after having interleave in the field, keeps straight on by ridge, inserted two ends after, roll field away from.
Between sowing step and transplant step, remove at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
Embodiment 3:
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 4 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 3 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked 36 hours after 14 hours, then seed is carried out the high temperature moisturizing and process, temperature is controlled at 38 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make seed heap, after the broken chest of the seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, places indoor airing 4 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: one month earlier carry out an earth culture fertilizer, every mu even executes 2500 kilograms of the dung polluted waters of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 6 kilograms of 70 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of nitrogen content 14%, phosphorus content 5%, potassium content 6%, peroxophosphoric acid Ca45 kilogram, potassium chloride, execute rear turning over continuously 3 times, get the topsoil stacking and cover plastic sheeting for farm use to soil-ripening;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.4 meters, and 0.3 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.2 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 4 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 5 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 7 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1500 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 75% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 90% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.5 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled at 35 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, take off film and fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 5 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 3 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1.5 grams are converted clear water 200 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 4 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1.5 grams and is converted clear water 200 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 4 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
In the described sowing step, every thousand kernel weight 28 grams of seed, every dish sowing 105 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 10 seedlings.
The specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 2 meters, and male parent is planted false 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.78 ten thousand nests.
The path of planting of described transplant step is that the first row is directly planted near balk, and two 1.5 spacious and comfortable ground are left at turning, field two ends, after having interleave in the field, keeps straight on by ridge, inserted two ends after, roll field away from.
Between sowing step and transplant step, remove at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
Embodiment 4:
Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 3 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 2.5 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked 30 hours after 12 hours, then seed being carried out the high temperature moisturizing processes, temperature is controlled at 36 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make the seed heap, after the broken chest of seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, place indoor airing 3.5 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: per 100 kilograms of fine earths add 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of non-irrigated seedling seedling strengthen agent and mix thoroughly;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.35 meters, and 0.27 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.17 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 3.5 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 4.5 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 5 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1250 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 70% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 87% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.4 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled at 31 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, take off film and fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 4 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 3 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1 gram is converted clear water 175 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 4 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1.3 grams and is converted clear water 180 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 3.5 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
In the described sowing step, every thousand kernel weight 27 grams of seed, every dish sowing 95 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 7 seedlings.
The specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 3.4 meters, and male parent is planted large 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.85 ten thousand nests.
The path of planting of described transplant step is that the first row is directly planted near balk, and two 1.5 spacious and comfortable ground are left at turning, field two ends, after having interleave in the field, keeps straight on by ridge, inserted two ends after, roll field away from.
Between sowing step and transplant step, remove at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
Claims (7)
1. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production is characterized in that, it comprises following steps:
(1) Seed germination: select the rice paddy seed of 2 ~ 4 kinds of different cultivars, rice paddy seed is carried out Seed germination, it is stand-by at the seed more than 80% to get germination rate;
(2) bask seeds and choose seeds: after fine day was basked seeds 2 ~ 3 hours, with seed purifier seed is chosen seeds, blow away shrivelled seed, stay evenly full seed;
(3) seed soaking and vernalization; Seed disinfection was soaked after 8 ~ 14 hours 24 ~ 36 hours, then seed being carried out the high temperature moisturizing processes, temperature is controlled at 35 ~ 38 ℃, simultaneously seed is suitably stirred, internal and external temperature is consistent up and down to make the seed heap, after the broken chest of seed until 90% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, place indoor airing 3 ~ 4 hours tack-free to seed in seed;
(4) the bed earth culture is fertile: one month earlier carry out an earth culture fertilizer, every mu even executes 1500 ~ 2500 kilograms of the dung polluted waters of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 60 ~ 70 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of nitrogen content 14%, phosphorus content 5%, potassium content 6%, 35 ~ 45 kilograms of superphosphate, 4 ~ 6 kilograms in potassium chloride, execute rear turning over continuously 2 ~ 3 times, get the topsoil stacking and cover plastic sheeting for farm use to soil-ripening; Or directly use per 100 kilograms of fine earths to add 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of non-irrigated seedling seedling strengthen agent and mix the soil that obtains thoroughly;
(5) the seedling bed is made: make the seedling bed, make seedling bed bed surface wide 1.3 ~ 1.4 meters, and 0.25 ~ 0.3 meter of seedling furrow width, 0.15 ~ 0.2 meter of seedling ditch depth is opened all around and is enclosed ditch, and bed surface is straight;
(6) spread the seedling dish: uniform fold bed soil is 3 ~ 4 kilograms on every floppy disk, and uniform fold bed soil is 4 ~ 5 kilograms on every hard disk, and seedling dish marshalling in length and breadth on the seedling bed is close between seedling dish and the seedling dish, and the floppy disk overlap is overlapping, and the seedling dish is tried to get to the heart of a matter and combined closely with seedling bed bed surface;
(7) sowing: the sowing time postponed 3 ~ 7 days than the general planting sowing time, on bed soil, spray 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid of fenaminosulf of 65 ~ 75% content before the sowing, to bed soil carry out disinfection, moisturizing, bed soil water content is 85 ~ 90% during sowing, and seed is evenly sowed in the seedling dish, after planting, seedling dish card covers 0.3 ~ 0.5 cm thick fine earth seed is covered fully, and feed water to soil saturation, then on the seedling bed, covering the arch film, temperature in the shed is controlled between 28 ~ 35 ℃;
(8) hardening: first to ventilating in the film, then take off film, the minimum air temperature is higher than 12 ℃ when taking off film, taking off film fed water to soil saturation the same day, later in good time moisturizing, take ground moistening do not do and rice shoot fine noon not leaf roll transplant and the seedling bed carried out draining in front 3 ~ 5 days as standard;
(9) topdress: take off behind the film and to topdress once in 2 ~ 3 days, each seedling dish executes that 0.1 kilogram of the human excrement of becoming thoroughly decomposed is converted 0.2 kilogram in clear water or urea 1 ~ 1.5 gram is converted clear water 150 ~ 200 grams, executes or spills and execute in watering at dusk; Transplant and topdressed once in front 3 ~ 4 days, each seedling dish is executed urea 1 ~ 1.5 gram and is converted clear water 150 ~ 200 grams, executes in spilling at dusk;
(10) transplant: play seedling when seedling leaf 3 ~ 4 leaf, suitable moisturizing when playing seedling can moulding and do not affect the volume seedling and be as the criterion with the seedling piece, then uses rice transplanter to plant.
2. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described sowing step, and every thousand kernel weight 25 ~ 28 grams of seed, every dish sowing 90 ~ 105 grams, every nest Basic Seedling is 5 ~ 10 seedlings.
3. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 2 meters, and male parent is planted false 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.78 ten thousand nests.
4. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the specification of planting of described transplant step is that the railway carriage or compartment is wide 3.4 meters, and male parent is planted large 2 row, 8 cun of line-spacings, and nest is apart from 4 cun, and female parent is 1.85 ten thousand nests.
5. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the path of planting of described transplant step is the leeway of leaving 1.5 meters of working widths around field, after having interleave in the field, rice transplanter carries out rice transplanting in 1.5 meters along the field edge, and rolls field away from.
6. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the path of planting of described transplant step is that the first row is directly planted near balk, two 1.5 spacious and comfortable ground are left at turning, field two ends, after having interleave in the field, keep straight on by ridge, after having inserted two ends, roll field away from.
7. mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, between sowing step and transplant step, removes at any time the hybrid strain and the weeds that grow on the seedling bed.
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| CN2011103929001A CN102498999B (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Mechanized transplanting method for rice seed production |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN103262771A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-28 | 中国水稻研究所 | Mud seedling raising method of transplanted seedlings for rice machine |
| CN103749132B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-12-09 | 扬州大学 | A kind of transplanting seedling-cultivating method |
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