CN102494814A - Photoelastic tester for particulate matters - Google Patents
Photoelastic tester for particulate matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494814A CN102494814A CN2011103238003A CN201110323800A CN102494814A CN 102494814 A CN102494814 A CN 102494814A CN 2011103238003 A CN2011103238003 A CN 2011103238003A CN 201110323800 A CN201110323800 A CN 201110323800A CN 102494814 A CN102494814 A CN 102494814A
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- particulate matter
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012045 magnetic resonance elastography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelastic tester for particulate matters. A carrying framework is arranged on a cabinet; a horizontal sliding bracket is fixedly connected to the carrying framework, and is supported by a steel column with a roller; a light source for emitting parallel light rays is arranged on the horizontal sliding bracket; a particulate container case is arranged in the carrying framework; two side faces of the particulate container case, which are vertical to the parallel light rays, are glass plates; a loading steel plate is arranged in the particulate container case; a slot, of which the size is the same as that of the loading steel plate, is formed in the particulate container case; the loading steel plate can freely get in or get out of the particulate container case through the slot; a horizontal steel tube with a slit is fixed on the carrying framework; a vertical steel tube is clamped and slide in the slit of the horizontal steel tube; a polariscope is fixed on the vertical steel tube; the mirror surface of the polariscope is parallel to the glass plates; the photoelastic tester also comprises a camera device which is opposite to the light source; and the carrying framework is arranged between the camera device and the light source. The photoelastic tester can track macroscopic physical quantities, such as force, displacement and the like, in real time, and comprehensively observing a mechanics performance test on the particulate matters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bulk solid Mechanics Performance Testing, especially a kind of particulate matter photoelastic test appearance.
Background technology
Particulate matter is that a large amount of discrete solid particles interact and the complex system of composition, extensively is present in occurring in nature, such as rockfill, damming body and chip stream etc.Over the past two decades, from basic physical layer, the research of particulate matter system balance and the characteristics of motion and application thereof is become gradually a new branch--the particle mechanics of mechanics.
Come in contact between particle and form the totally different riding chain of many intensity, they join the formation network each other also anisotropically in particulate matter.Greater than average contact force riding chain is divided into two types of powerful chain and weak riding chains according to whether; Though powerful chain number is less; But supported most of weight of granular system; The Light Difference of particle all can cause the surprising effect in " cave of mole cricket and ant, a thousand li inrushes " on this riding chain, just possibly cause snowslide and landslide like occurring in nature very smaller tremors.Therefore the engineering project disaster prediction of touching upon has great importance for in-depth particle force scientific principle in the evolution of observing riding chain.
The detection method of particle contact force at present commonly used is roughly divided two types: the first kind is the contact detection method; Comprise high-precision electronic balance weight method, the sensitive transfer paper impression method of colour developing etc.; This method can detect the contact force distribution situation on a certain cross section in the granular system; But inevitably granular system has been brought interference more or less, because riding chain is very responsive to the reacting condition of localized forces, detecting the slight change that causes is enough to make the riding chain structure great changes will take place; Second type is non-contact detection method, mainly comprises photoelastic experiment method, fluorescence co-focusing microscopic method and magnetic resonance elastography method.Their advantage is noiseless detection, not only can confirm the geometric position of particle, and the architectural feature of analysis system the more important thing is and can " be seen " power, and then obtains contact force distributes in the three dimensional particles system full detail, particularly riding chain structure.Professor Behringer of U.S. Duke university in 1999 utilizes photoelastic method to do a large amount of work in particle mechanics research field, makes photoelastic method in particle contact force measurement, bring into play important effect.Be published in the article on " Nature " in 2005, just adopted this equipment to make an experiment.The personnel of this seminar utilize photoelastic equipment to carry out lot of test subsequently, have delivered a large amount of articles.But the photoelastic equipment of professor Behringer development can only be followed the tracks of the behavior of internal particle, can not macromechanics characteristic and riding chain well be got in touch, physical quantitys such as the power of while on can not the real-time follow-up macroscopic property, displacement.Therefore the development equipment that can the observation chain structure can obtain the macromechanics characteristic again has great importance.
The simultaneously domestic relevant report that does not also have about particulate matter photoelastic test appearance.The development of this equipment should be able to be filled up the blank of domestic this equipment.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of particulate matter photoelastic test appearance, macroscopic physical quantities such as ability real-time follow-up power, displacement can be accomplished the Mechanics Performance Testing of omnibearing observation particulate matter.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is:
A kind of particulate matter photoelastic test appearance comprises rack 1, and bearing frame 2 is arranged on the rack 1; Be fixedly connected horizontal slip support 3 on the bearing frame 2, horizontal slip support 3 supports through the steel column 5 that has roller 4, and the light source 6 of emitting parallel light line is arranged on the horizontal slip support 3; Be provided with container for granule case 7 in the bearing frame 2, container for granule case 7 is a glass plate 14 perpendicular to two sides of said parallel rays, and the steel plate 8 of loading is arranged in the container for granule case 7; The end face of container for granule case 7 has and the end face fluting that loads steel plate 8 consistent size; Container for granule case 7 is parallel to be had above at least one of two sides of said parallel rays and the side fluting that loads steel plate 8 consistent size, also is fixed with the horizontal steel tube 11 of trough of belt seam on the bearing frame 2, and vertically steel pipe 10 is stuck in the line of rabbet joint of horizontal steel tube 11 and slides; Vertical fixing polariscope 9 on the steel pipe 10; Polariscope 9 minute surfaces are parallel with said glass plate 14, also comprise camera head 17, and camera head 17 is relative across bearing frame 2 with light source 6.
Said bearing frame 2 sides are provided with side direction electricity cylinder 12, and the top is provided with vertical electric cylinder 13, and the front end of side direction electricity cylinder 12 and vertical electric cylinder 13 all is provided with tension-compression sensor and displacement transducer.
Said bearing frame 2 is made up of the vertical cylinder 15 on upper steel plate 21, lower steel plate 22, left plate 23 and right side; One end of upper steel plate 21 is connected left plate 23 with an end of lower steel plate 22; The other end of the other end of upper steel plate 21 and lower steel plate 22 is connected vertical cylinder 15; Plane, left plate 23 place is vertical with said glass plate 14, and vertically cylinder 15 is as the rotation axis of container for granule case 7.
Have and the perforate 24 that loads steel plate 8 consistent size on the upper steel plate 21 of said bearing frame 2 and the left plate 23.
Have on the bottom surface of said container for granule case 7 with the bottom surface of loading steel plate 8 consistent size and slot 18, pass through the movable steel plate 20 of pin installation and its consistent size on the bottom surface fluting 18.
On the end face fluting of said container for granule case 7 photoelastic installation funnel 16 is installed.
The invention new particulate matter loading equipemtn.Simple to operate, safe and reliable.Can be widely used in particulate matter mechanics field such as research sand, ground.Help accelerating the progress of particulate matter, have higher promotional value, market outlook are wide.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 B-B to view.
Fig. 3 gets rid of side direction electricity cylinder left view afterwards for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is explained further details.
As shown in figures 1 and 3; The present invention is a kind of particulate matter photoelastic test appearance, comprises rack 1, and bearing frame 2 is arranged on the rack 1; Bearing frame 2 is made up of the vertical cylinder 15 on upper steel plate 21, lower steel plate 22, left plate 23 and right side; One end of upper steel plate 21 is connected left plate 23 with an end of lower steel plate 22, and the other end of the other end of upper steel plate 21 and lower steel plate 22 is connected vertical cylinder 15, has on upper steel plate 21 and the left plate 23 and the perforate 24 that loads steel plate 8 consistent size.Be fixedly connected horizontal slip support 3 on the bearing frame 2, horizontal slip support 3 supports through the steel column 5 that has roller 4, can move forward and backward towards bearing frame 2 through roller 4.The light source 6 of emitting parallel light line is arranged on the horizontal slip support 3, be provided with container for granule case 7 in the bearing frame 2, the vertical cylinder 15 of bearing frame 2 makes that as the rotation axis of container for granule case 7 container for granule case 7 can be along vertical cylinder 15 rotation turnover.
Container for granule case 7 is used to place the loading steel plate 8 of photoelastic particle; The left surface of container for granule case 7 has and the side fluting that loads steel plate 8 consistent size, and the end face of container for granule case 7 has and the end face fluting that loads steel plate 8 consistent size, on the end face fluting photoelastic installation funnel 16 is installed; Have on the bottom surface and the fluting 18 that loads steel plate 8 consistent size; Through the movable steel plate of pin installation, pull out side pin on the fluting 18, can lay down test material with the fluting consistent size.Container for granule case 7 is a glass plate 14 perpendicular to two sides of said parallel rays, and plane, glass plate 14 place is vertical with the plane, left plate place of bearing frame 2.
Load steel plate 8 and is connected, slot, be convenient to loading steel plate 8 is advanced inward and changes displacement through the end face and the side of bearing frame 2 and container for granule case 7 with electric cylinder.
Also be fixed with the horizontal steel tube 11 of trough of belt seam on the bearing frame 2; Vertically steel pipe 10 is stuck in the line of rabbet joint of horizontal steel tube 11 and slides; Vertical fixing polariscope 9 on the steel pipe 10, polariscope 9 minute surfaces are parallel with said glass plate 4, and polariscope 9 is along the direction move left and right of parallel rays.
An other side of bearing frame 2 has camera head 17, and camera head 17 is relative across bearing frame 2 with light source 6, and the variation of photoelastic material riding chain in the experimentation is followed the tracks of.
Measurement of the present invention and control system are following:
The front end of side direction electricity cylinder 12 and vertical electric cylinder 13 all is provided with tension-compression sensor and displacement transducer; Tension-compression sensor is selected FS0.05% high stability, high-precision radial tension-compression sensor for use; Measure the power that loads on the steel plate 8; Be equipped with high-precision measurement amplification system, guaranteed the high precision of test power; Displacement sensor loads the displacement that steel plate 8 takes place.Measuring system adopts 24 A/D conversion single-chip microcomputer acquisition systems, through the system controlled by computer data processing, realizes the deformation measurement of sample.
The control system The software adopted is based on the WindowsXP operating system platform, has that travelling speed is fast, a friendly interface, simple to operate, the needs that can satisfy the test method of different materials.Satisfy stretching, compression, crooked test requirement.If any specific (special) requirements, software can be customized.And can be by the customer requirements expanding software.Can satisfy the requirement of standards such as GB, ASTM, DIN, JIS.
This software includes following principal feature:
Kernel is the center with the Access database, in conjunction with sql like language, is convenient to asking for of data.Can add new test disposal route easily.Major function:
1. the synchro measure of power value, displacement and demonstration.
2. test speed is set arbitrarily.(from 0～500mm/min, but stepless time adjustment)
3. trial curve shows in real time, horizontal ordinate and ordinate fluid drive.
4. can be provided with to fix time and stop, constant load stops, and fixed distortion stops, and the fracture criterion can be set.
5. can delete the data of certain sample of having done arbitrarily.
6. can carry out any zoom operations, printing to curve, and on curve, choose parameter point, (yield point, stretch section etc.)
7. calculation of parameter adopts the VB+SQL language, and is reliable, convenient.
Control system is up-to-date computer hardware technique, in conjunction with up-to-date semiconductor technology, moves at dynamometry, location, reliable, advanced, easy to operate, flexible aspect the speed control.Hardware system adopts up-to-date U.S. integrated circuit, the same resolution of full scale.The stepping that has overcome the traditional experiment machine amplifies the sluggish and different shelves of switching and differentiates different drawbacks.Accelerate the sampling rate of system, improved the precision and the stability of TT&C system.Thereby make test findings meet science, fidelity output.
Groundwork process of the present invention is following:
The polariscope 9 of container for granule case 7 rear sides is moved to both sides, container for granule case 7 is rotated loading frame 2, funnel 16 is installed, utilize funnel 16, take off funnel 16 the photoelastic container for granule case 7 of packing at container for granule case 7 upsides.Then container for granule case 7 is pushed loading frame 2, the fluting of container for granule case 7 is corresponding by different faces with the fluting of loading frame 2.Polariscope 9 is resetted.
Utilize control system will load steel plate 8 and move to the experiment predeterminated position.
That more than introduces only is based on preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not limit scope of the present invention with this.Any the present invention is done replacement, combination, the separation of parts well know in the art, and implementation step of the present invention done well know in the art being equal to changes or replacement does not all exceed protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a particulate matter photoelastic test appearance comprises rack (1), it is characterized in that; Bearing frame (2) is arranged on the rack (1), and bearing frame (2) is gone up and is fixedly connected horizontal slip support (3), and horizontal slip support (3) supports through the steel column (5) that has roller (4); The light source (6) that the emitting parallel light line is arranged on the horizontal slip support (3); Be provided with container for granule case (7) in the bearing frame (2), container for granule case (7) is glass plate (14) perpendicular to two sides of said parallel rays, and loading steel plate (8) is arranged in the container for granule case (7); The end face of container for granule case (7) has and the end face fluting that loads steel plate (8) consistent size; Container for granule case (7) is parallel to be had above at least one of two sides of said parallel rays and the side fluting that loads steel plate (8) consistent size, also is fixed with the horizontal steel tube (11) of trough of belt seam on the bearing frame (2), and vertically steel pipe (10) is stuck in the line of rabbet joint of horizontal steel tube (11) and slides; Vertically steel pipe (10) is gone up fixedly polariscope (9); Polariscope (9) minute surface is parallel with said glass plate (14), also comprises camera head (17), and camera head (17) is relative across bearing frame (2) with light source (6).
2. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said bearing frame (2) side is provided with side direction electricity cylinder (12), and the top is provided with vertical electric cylinder (13).
3. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the front end of said side direction electricity cylinder (12) and vertical electric cylinder (13) all is provided with tension-compression sensor and displacement transducer.
4. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said bearing frame (2) is made up of the vertical cylinder (15) on upper steel plate (21), lower steel plate (22), left plate (23) and right side; One end of one end of upper steel plate (21) and lower steel plate (22) is connected left plate (23); The other end of the other end of upper steel plate (21) and lower steel plate (22) is connected vertical cylinder (15), and plane, left plate (23) place is vertical with said glass plate (14), and vertically cylinder (15) is as the rotation axis of container for granule case (7).
5. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 4 is characterized in that, has on the upper steel plate (21) of said bearing frame (2) and the left plate (23) and the perforate (24) that loads steel plate (8) consistent size.
6. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Have on the bottom surface of said container for granule case (7) with the bottom surface that loads steel plate (8) consistent size and slot (18), bottom surface fluting (18) is gone up through the movable steel plate (20) of pin installation with its consistent size.
7. particulate matter photoelastic test appearance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, on the end face fluting of said container for granule case (7) photoelastic installation funnel (16) is installed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110323800 CN102494814B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Photoelastic tester for particulate matters |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110323800 CN102494814B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Photoelastic tester for particulate matters |
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| CN102494814A true CN102494814A (en) | 2012-06-13 |
| CN102494814B CN102494814B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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| CN 201110323800 Expired - Fee Related CN102494814B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Photoelastic tester for particulate matters |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104330306A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Grinding particle restraining device for observing particle force chain |
| CN108731859A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of photoelastic finder charge bringing device of plane |
| CN109668517A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-23 | 河海大学 | Electromagnetic impact lower sphere granular system arbitrary point normal strain measuring device and method |
| CN111006974A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 北京科技大学 | Particle material fluid-solid coupling photoelastic experimental device and using method thereof |
| CN114216820A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for identifying internal force chain of three-dimensional particle system |
| CN115949367A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-04-11 | 常州大学 | Method for predicting pressure bearing capacity of plugging layer of deep crack lost stratum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5410917A (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-05-02 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Optical force sensor for high density planar electrical interconnects |
| CN101672803A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Method and device for detecting impurities and defects of tempered glass curtain wall |
-
2011
- 2011-10-21 CN CN 201110323800 patent/CN102494814B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5410917A (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-05-02 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Optical force sensor for high density planar electrical interconnects |
| CN101672803A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Method and device for detecting impurities and defects of tempered glass curtain wall |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| T.S. MAJMUDAR ET.AL: "Contact force measurements and stress-induced anisotropy in granular materials", 《NATURE》 * |
| 刘建国等: "颗粒接触力检测方法评述", 《岩土力学》 * |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104330306A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Grinding particle restraining device for observing particle force chain |
| CN104330306B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-01-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Grinding particle restraining device for observing particle force chain |
| CN108731859A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of photoelastic finder charge bringing device of plane |
| CN109668517A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-23 | 河海大学 | Electromagnetic impact lower sphere granular system arbitrary point normal strain measuring device and method |
| CN111006974A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 北京科技大学 | Particle material fluid-solid coupling photoelastic experimental device and using method thereof |
| CN111006974B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-29 | 北京科技大学 | Particle material fluid-solid coupling photoelastic experimental device and using method thereof |
| CN114216820A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for identifying internal force chain of three-dimensional particle system |
| CN114216820B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-03-19 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for identifying internal force chain of three-dimensional particle system |
| CN115949367A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-04-11 | 常州大学 | Method for predicting pressure bearing capacity of plugging layer of deep crack lost stratum |
| CN115949367B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2024-05-14 | 常州大学 | Method for predicting bearing capacity of plugging layer of deep fracture leakage stratum |
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| CN102494814B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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