CN202502109U - Device and system for measuring flow velocity of debris flow movement and measuring test system - Google Patents
Device and system for measuring flow velocity of debris flow movement and measuring test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202502109U CN202502109U CN2012200882130U CN201220088213U CN202502109U CN 202502109 U CN202502109 U CN 202502109U CN 2012200882130 U CN2012200882130 U CN 2012200882130U CN 201220088213 U CN201220088213 U CN 201220088213U CN 202502109 U CN202502109 U CN 202502109U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device and a system for measuring the flow velocity of debris flow movement. Aiming to the problem that the flow velocity of debris flow movement cannot be effectively measured in the prior art, the measuring device disclosed by the utility model comprises a base frame which is fixed in debris flow ditch and includes an upstream face and a waterside face vertical to each other; the upstream face is vertical to the flowing direction of debris flow; the waterside face is parallel with the flowing direction of the debris flow; the upstream face is provided with at least one impact force sensor; the waterside face is provided with at least one hydrostatic pressure sensor; and one impact force sensor and one hydrostatic pressure sensor at the same level form a sensor set. The utility model also provides a flow velocity system for debris flow movement formed by expanding the measuring device and a measuring test system. The device and system are reliable in theory, simple in device, low in material cost and easy for operating, and can be used for measuring the flow velocity of debris flow movement, particularly for measuring the vertical or horizontal distribution characteristics of the flow velocity of debris flow movement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of debris flow velocity measurement device and measuring system and experiments of measuring system, particularly relates to a kind of device and system of measuring the mud-rock flow movement flow velocity.
Background technology
Rubble flow is a kind of fluid that is made up of loose fines materials such as mud, sand, stone and water body.Its character is the viscous mud-flow that can constitute the one phase flow body, and the diluted debris flow of two-phase fluid is between the transitional rubble flow of the two.Mud-rock flow movement flow velocity, the particularly distribution characteristics of mud-rock flow movement flow velocity are one of core contents of mud-rock flow movement mechanics study, also are one of core parameters of debris flow control works design.。The measurement of rubble flow flow velocity is related to the calculating of important engineering design parameters such as rubble flow flow, mean flow rate, impulsive force, motion frictional resistance, is the important foundation data that domestic and international STUDY OF DEBRIS FLOW personnel and engineering technical personnel thirsted for obtaining always.
The method of confirming the rubble flow flow velocity is except that surveying; Can also be dark according to rubble flow hydraulic gradient, debris flow gully bed roughness coefficient, the average mud of rubble flow section, indexs such as rubble flow severe and viscosity calculate, but all there is different defects in these methods.Because rubble flow is water, clay, a gravel and air mixed heterogeneous body together, high viscosity, high unit weight, opaque, light can't penetrate; The impulsive force of mud flow and erosional competency are huge, and the surveying instrument that is placed on the rubble flow stream is very easily destroyed by rubble flow; And the fluidised form complicacy of rubble flow is various, and mostly the front portion is turbulent flow, is difficult to follow the tracks of fixed target.These characteristics make condition restriction such as common fluid measurement method and common fluid measurement instrument be powerless; Make the measuring method of present mud-rock flow movement flow velocity all exist measuring error bigger; To experiment or environmental baseline is had relatively high expectations, can not all weather operations; Have more empirical and subjectivity in the measurement; Poor in timeliness, and the defective such as average movement velocity and superficial velocity that can only measure the rubble flow fluid, the situation that has caused the measurement to mud-rock flow movement flow velocity and distribution characteristics thereof to be difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is exactly that the deficiency that is directed against prior art provides a kind of mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device to reach the measuring system that is formed by this device expansion.This measurement mechanism is realized the measurement to the mud-rock flow movement flow velocity through the measurement to the impulsive force of mud flow, and particularly, this system can realize the measurement to vertical distribution of mud-rock flow movement motion flow velocity or horizontal distribution characteristic.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is following:
A kind of mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device is characterized in that: said measurement mechanism comprises pedestal, and pedestal is fixed in the debris flow gully, comprises with rubble flow to flow to vertical upstream face, flow to the parallel side water surface with rubble flow; At least one shock sensors is installed on the said upstream face, and the shock sensors stress surface is parallel with upstream face, and at least one hydrostatic force sensor is installed on the side water surface, and hydrostatic force sensor stress surface is parallel with the side water surface; A shock sensors and a hydrostatic force sensor of being positioned at same level height constitute a sensor groups.
During use, above-mentioned measurement mechanism is installed in the rubble flow observation ditch or simulates in the experimental trough that rubble flow takes place, the stress surface of shock sensors is vertical with the rubble flow flow direction; The stress surface of hydrostatic force sensor flows to parallel with rubble flow.According to measuring purpose sensor and sensor groups are fixed on two vertical planes of pedestal in pairs; And pedestal is fixed in the rubble flow observation ditch; The stress surface that guarantees shock sensors is vertical with the rubble flow flow direction, and the stress surface of hydrostatic force sensor flows to parallel with rubble flow.The principle of work of motion mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device is: when having certain initial velocity V
0The debris flow slurry head-on crash on during rigid body, reduce to 0 with the slurry speed that position, rigid body surface contacts, its kinetic energy all is converted into the impact pressure energy.When measuring system is installed, shock sensors is installed in the upstream face that rubble flow flows to, the sensor stress surface flows to vertical with rubble flow; In the side vertical with upstream face, and with the position of the same level height of shock sensors the hydrostatic force sensor is installed, the sensor stress surface flows to parallel with rubble flow.A shock sensors and a hydrostatic force sensor are a sensor groups.When rubble flow through out-of-date, debris flow slurry strikes the shock sensors stress surface, the sensor energy measurement obtains the original impulsive force of debris flow slurry; Simultaneously, debris flow slurry is through hydrostatic force sensor stress surface, and sensor measurement obtains the hydrostatic force P of rubble flow
0Just obtain debris flow slurry stamping press P after utilizing the original impulsive force signal filtering of rubble flow
1, again by surge pressure P
1Deduct the hydrostatic force P of debris flow slurry
0Just obtain the dynamic pressure P of slurry.According to the Bernoulli equation of incompressible fluid,, just can obtain the motion flow velocity of rubble flow then by the dynamic pressure of debris flow slurry through correction to a certain degree.
Above-mentioned measurement mechanism can be installed a plurality of sensors and sensor groups according to the needs of measuring purpose.Vertical differentiated levels is installed a plurality of sensor groups when the pedestal upper edge, can be used for measuring the vertical distribution characteristics of mud-rock flow movement flow velocity; On pedestal, a plurality of sensor groups are installed side by side, then can be used for measuring the horizontal distribution characteristic kinematic of mud-rock flow movement flow velocity in same level height.For surface measurements rubble flow flow velocity, can be installed in the level height place of measuring the debris flow slurry surface velocity to sensor groups of major general.
It is the mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system that the basic structure expansion forms that the utility model also provides more than one to state the mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device, and its technical scheme is following:
A kind of mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system; It is characterized in that: comprise above-mentioned mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device; The sensor of said measurement mechanism is connected with data collector, and data collector is a data collector or supporting a plurality of data acquisition units that synchronizer is installed; Said data collector is connected with data processing equipment.
In the above-mentioned debris flow velocity measurement system, in debris flow gully, flow to and be furnished with a plurality of mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring devices, then can measure the rubble flow change in flow characteristic in the stroke that flows along rubble flow.
Based on above-mentioned mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device and system, the utility model also provides a kind of mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system, and its technical scheme is following:
A kind of mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system is characterized in that: comprise experimental trough and mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system, said measuring system comprises measurement mechanism and is connected data collector and data processing equipment successively with measurement mechanism; Said measurement mechanism comprises sensor and sensor pedestal, and pedestal is installed in the experimental trough, is the rectangular parallelepiped column; Pedestal is positive vertical with the experimental trough sidewall, and shock sensors is installed on it, and the shock sensors stress surface is parallel with the pedestal front; Pedestal side and experimental trough parallel sidewalls are equipped with the hydrostatic force sensor on it, hydrostatic force sensor stress surface and pedestal parallel sided.
Above-mentioned experimental system can be done following optimization under priority condition: the long 5.5～6.5m of experimental trough, and xsect is a rectangle, transversal face width 20～40cm, the high 30～50cm of xsect, sensor pedestal are installed in apart from the about 1.7m of experimental trough afterbody～1.9m place; A plurality of sensor groups are installed on the pedestal, and sensor groups is respectively 1cm, 3cm, 5cm, 7cm, 9cm, 11cm, 13cm and 15cm apart from the height of experimental trough base plate; Sensor is miniature strain-type soil pressure case, sensitivity 0.41 ± 10%mV/V, nonlinearity≤0.5%.For ease of observing, the tank base plate is a steel plate, and sidewall is a glass.
Compared with prior art; The beneficial effect of the utility model is: said mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device and system have broken through the technology of existing measurement rubble flow flow velocity can't measure the limitation of mud-rock flow movement flow velocity, and can measure the horizontal or vertical distribution of rubble flow fluid motion flow velocity.The measuring system principle is reliable, device is simple, the material cost economic, easy operating, can be applicable to field condition also can be applicable to laboratory condition under the mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is an experiments of measuring system pedestal structural representation.
Label is following among the figure:
1 measurement mechanism, 11 pedestals, 111 upstream faces, the 112 side waters surface
12 shock sensors, 13 hydrostatic force sensors, 2 data collectors
3 data processing equipments, 4 experimental troughs
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model preferred embodiment is done further to describe.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, prepare a kind of mud-rock flow movement flow rate device.
Fig. 1 is a mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device synoptic diagram.Measurement mechanism comprises pedestal 11, and pedestal 11 is fixed in the debris flow gully, comprises with rubble flow to flow to vertical upstream face 111, flow to the parallel side water surface 112 with rubble flow; At least one shock sensors 12 is installed on the said upstream face 111, and shock sensors 12 stress surfaces are parallel with upstream face 111, and at least one hydrostatic force sensor 13 is installed on the side water surface 112, and hydrostatic force sensor 13 stress surfaces are parallel with the side water surface 112; A shock sensors 12 and a hydrostatic force sensor 13 of being positioned at same level height constitute a sensor groups.
In this measurement mechanism, in order to measure the mud-rock flow movement velocity flow profile characteristic on the different directions, the vertical differentiated levels in pedestal 11 upper edges is installed a plurality of sensor groups, also can be in same level height a plurality of sensor groups to be installed side by side on the pedestal 11.
Embodiment two
Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, prepare a kind of mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system.
Fig. 2 is a mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system synoptic diagram.Mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system comprises experimental trough 4 and mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system, and measuring system comprises measurement mechanism 1 and is connected data collector 2 and data processing equipment 3 successively with measurement mechanism 1.
Fig. 3 is an experiments of measuring system pedestal structural representation.Said measurement mechanism 1 comprises sensor and sensor pedestal 11.Pedestal 11 is installed in the experimental trough 4, is the rectangular parallelepiped column; Pedestal 11 is positive vertical with experimental trough 4 sidewalls, and shock sensors 12 is installed on it, and shock sensors 12 stress surfaces are positive parallel with pedestal 11; Pedestal 11 sides and experimental trough 4 parallel sidewalls are equipped with hydrostatic force sensor 13 on it, hydrostatic force sensor 13 stress surfaces and pedestal 11 parallel sided.
In this experiments of measuring system, sensor adopts miniature strain-type soil pressure case, sensitivity 0.41 ± 10%mV/V, nonlinearity≤0.5%.
In this experiments of measuring system, the composition characteristic of rubble flow and dynamic characteristic are slightly different when considering each the test, so the Position Design of sensor pedestal 11 in experimental trough 4 is not a hard and fast numerical value.Verification experimental verification, sensor pedestal 11 are arranged in the zone apart from the about 1.8m of tank afterbody, can cooperate multiple test well.
Claims (10)
1. mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device, it is characterized in that: said measurement mechanism comprises pedestal (11), pedestal (11) is fixed in the debris flow gully, comprises with rubble flow to flow to vertical upstream face (111), flow to the parallel side water surface (112) with rubble flow; Said upstream face (111) is gone up at least one shock sensors (12) is installed; Shock sensors (12) stress surface is parallel with upstream face (111); The side water surface (112) is gone up at least one hydrostatic force sensor (13) is installed, and hydrostatic force sensor (13) stress surface is parallel with the side water surface (112); A shock sensors (12) that is positioned at same level height constitutes a sensor groups with a hydrostatic force sensor (13).
2. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the vertical differentiated levels in said pedestal (11) upper edge is installed a plurality of sensor groups.
3. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said pedestal (11) is gone up in same level height a plurality of sensor groups is installed side by side.
4. mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system that utilizes the arbitrary described mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device of claim 1～3 to realize; It is characterized in that: comprise mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring device (1); The sensor of said measurement mechanism (1) is connected with data collector (2), and data collector (2) is a data collector or supporting a plurality of data acquisition units that synchronizer is installed; Said data collector (2) is connected with data processing equipment (3).
5. measuring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: a plurality of mud-rock flow movement flow rate measuring devices (1) flow to along rubble flow and are arranged in the debris flow gully.
6. mud-rock flow movement fluid-velocity survey experimental system; It is characterized in that: comprise experimental trough (4) and mud-rock flow movement flow velocity measuring system, said measuring system comprises measurement mechanism (1) and is connected data collector (2) and data processing equipment (3) successively with measurement mechanism (1); Said measurement mechanism (1) comprises sensor and sensor pedestal (11), and pedestal (11) is installed in the experimental trough (4), is the rectangular parallelepiped column; Pedestal (11) is positive vertical with experimental trough (4) sidewall, and shock sensors (12) is installed on it, and shock sensors (12) stress surface is positive parallel with pedestal (11); Pedestal (11) side and experimental trough (4) parallel sidewalls are equipped with hydrostatic force sensor (13) on it, hydrostatic force sensor (13) stress surface and pedestal (11) parallel sided.
7. experiments of measuring according to claim 6 system; It is characterized in that: the long 5.5～6.5m of said experimental trough (4); Xsect is a rectangle; Transversal face width 20～40cm, the high 30～50cm of xsect, said sensor pedestal (11) are installed in apart from the about 1.7m of experimental trough (4) afterbody～1.9m place.
8. experiments of measuring according to claim 7 system; It is characterized in that: said pedestal is equipped with a plurality of sensor groups on (11), and sensor groups is respectively 1cm, 3cm, 5cm, 7cm, 9cm, 11cm, 13cm and 15cm apart from the height of experimental trough (4) base plate.
9. experiments of measuring according to claim 8 system, it is characterized in that: said sensor is miniature strain-type soil pressure case, sensitivity 0.41 ± 10%mV/V, nonlinearity≤0.5%.
10. according to the arbitrary described experiments of measuring of claim 6～9 system, it is characterized in that: said experimental trough (4) base plate is a steel plate, and sidewall is a glass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200882130U CN202502109U (en) | 2012-03-10 | 2012-03-10 | Device and system for measuring flow velocity of debris flow movement and measuring test system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012200882130U CN202502109U (en) | 2012-03-10 | 2012-03-10 | Device and system for measuring flow velocity of debris flow movement and measuring test system |
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| CN2012200882130U Expired - Fee Related CN202502109U (en) | 2012-03-10 | 2012-03-10 | Device and system for measuring flow velocity of debris flow movement and measuring test system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238483A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-10 | 重庆交通大学 | For defeated harvester, the system and method for moving pressure and defeated shifting audio of boulder and cobble |
| CN114814282A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉大学 | Velocity of flow perpendicular distribution measuring device |
| CN116296265A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Device and method for measuring impact force spatial distribution of debris flow accumulation sector |
-
2012
- 2012-03-10 CN CN2012200882130U patent/CN202502109U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238483A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-10 | 重庆交通大学 | For defeated harvester, the system and method for moving pressure and defeated shifting audio of boulder and cobble |
| CN107238483B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-08-16 | 重庆交通大学 | For defeated acquisition device, the system and method for moving pressure and defeated shifting audio of boulder and cobble |
| CN114814282A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉大学 | Velocity of flow perpendicular distribution measuring device |
| CN116296265A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Device and method for measuring impact force spatial distribution of debris flow accumulation sector |
| CN116296265B (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-01 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Device and method for measuring impact force spatial distribution of debris flow accumulation sector |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121024 Termination date: 20140310 |