CN102487755B - Degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487755B CN102487755B CN201110377910.8A CN201110377910A CN102487755B CN 102487755 B CN102487755 B CN 102487755B CN 201110377910 A CN201110377910 A CN 201110377910A CN 102487755 B CN102487755 B CN 102487755B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable nutritional seeding-raising pot and a manufacturing method thereof. The seeding-raising pot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 51 to 90 parts of edible fungus wastes, 10 to 49 parts of vegetable fibers, and 0.1 to 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the plant fibers are one or combination of more than two of corn stalks, wheat-straws, beanpoles, bagasse, sugarcane leaves and straws; and the adhesive is one or combination of more than two of white mud, modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: modifying raw materials; and pressing the raw materials by using a press. The seeding-raising pot disclosed by the invention is environmental-friendly, can be used for improving the soil quality, has low production cost, and is favorable for solving the problem on recycling wastes in the edible fungus industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pot for growing seedlings, related in particular to a kind of applicable vegetables, melon and fruit, flowers and other crops sowing, divided seedling, cuttage, group to train, plant, and used degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick is main material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present on the market, with regard to farming or gardening seedling or the cultivation of growing seedlings, as flowers, vegetables, sapling, paddy rice etc., except minority is directly spilt lower seeds cultivation in nursery, major part is that seed is implanted in the pot for growing seedlings or dish made from plastics, or implant in plastic seeding culturing alms bowl or flowerpot in the mode of transplanting, after growing to a certain degree with seed sprouting or the seedling of transplanting, again seedling or seedling are shifted out, again implant in nursery or another pot for growing seedlings or flowerpot, mode is transplanted according to this, one except waste of manpower, second may be improper because of manual operation, the seedling or the seedling that cause wish to be transplanted are impaired and dead, thus, pains through many time cultivations are just thrown sth. to the flowing water, deliver to the wind, not only arduous in vain, also sink money, if concerning the higher crop of economic worth, relative will make the cost raising of planting.In order to there is similar loss, people start development use can natural decomposition pot for growing seedlings, if Chinese Patent Application No. is 200510061570.2 to disclose a kind of compact type substrate seedling nursery culture pan, the composition and ratio of its alms bowl material is: peat 35～40, wooden nutrient 20～25, composite bacteria 0.2～0.3.Chinese Patent Application No. is 02112063.3 to disclose a kind of degradable nutrition pot/basin, and the component of its material comprises: vegetable fiber, bonding agent, auxiliary agent and fertilizer; Auxiliary agent is a kind of or its mixture of paraffin, animal and plant fat, stearic acid, talcum powder, calcium carbonate or lime stone.
In this year, China's mushroom industry is developed rapidly, and has become at present the first producing country of world edible mushroom, exported country and country of consumption.Within 2004, China's edible mushroom gross yield reaches 1,160 ten thousand tons, accounts for 80% of Gross World Product, 40% of global trade.Along with people's living standard improves and nutrition and health care effect degree of awareness of edible mushroom is improved constantly, demand also constantly increases, and edible mushroom is again one and utilizes agro-ecology resource, promote growth of agricultural efficiency, short, flat, the fast project of getting rich of peasant's approval, Edible Fungi amount is in continuous growth.The fast development of industry makes local farmers go on rich road, but has also brought worry: a large amount of obsolete fungus sticks can not get effective utilization, has had a strong impact on rural environment, sometimes also there will be the situation of living contaminants edible mushroom booth.In order to crack a difficult problem for obsolete fungus stick recycling, people start to research and develop some reutilization technologies, as using obsolete fungus stick as flammable raw material, through some complicated operations, generate fuel gas; Or be fired into charcoal etc.These methods are not that complex procedures can cause environmental pollution again exactly, and therefore upper urgent need of society found a simple new outlet of environmental protection more for obsolete fungus stick.But inventor is by searching lot of documents, but finds no the relevant report of obsolete fungus stick being made to pot for growing seedlings.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot take waste edible fungus gurry as main material and preparation method thereof is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot, and the component of pot for growing seedlings comprises waste edible fungus gurry, vegetable fiber and adhesive, the parts by weight of each component are:
51～90 parts of waste edible fungus gurrys
10～49 parts, vegetable fiber
0.1～10 part of adhesive.
Described waste edible fungus gurry is edible mushroom waste mushroom stick and/or waste edible fungus bacterium chaff.In the time of edible mushroom waste mushroom stick and waste edible fungus bacterium chaff mixing use, can mix according to arbitrary proportion.
Described vegetable fiber is selected from one or more the combination in corn straw, straw, beans bar, bagasse, sugarcane leaf, straw.In the time that vegetable fiber is selected two or more combinations, they can combine according to arbitrary proportion.
Described adhesive is one or more the combination in white clay, modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.In the time that adhesive is selected two or more combinations, they can combine according to arbitrary proportion.
The preparation method of described nutritional seedling-raising pot comprises the following steps in order:
(1) first waste edible fungus gurry and plant fiber material are baked dryly, then raw material is crushed to respectively to 30～80 orders, and modification;
(2) waste edible fungus gurry, vegetable fiber and adhesive are mixed to agglomerating and not rotten by above-mentioned parts by weight, then the raw material being stirred is filled with in the mould of choosing in advance, be the finished product of pot for growing seedlings through baking dry again after pressing mold, Cheng Mo, the demoulding.
The process of above-mentioned pressing mold, Cheng Mo, the demoulding is that mould is placed on the pressure position of press, start press, allow lifting shaft drive interior mould rotation to drop to the position of setting, after raw material is compacted, mould in rising, take out an instead pressure gently of mould, pot for growing seedlings, with regard to break away from moulds, just can obtain the semi-finished product of pot for growing seedlings.
Described modification be waste edible fungus gurry after a kind of pulverizing needing and vegetable fiber after adding water and lime spontaneous fermentation, treat that its water content is reduced to 40%～50% biochemical denaturation way of suppressing of can prepare burden.
The parts by weight of waste edible fungus gurry, vegetable fiber and adhesive in above-mentioned preparation method are successively:
51～90 parts of waste edible fungus gurrys
10～49 parts, vegetable fiber
0.1～10 part of adhesive.
Described mould is made up of the outer mold of feeding and internal mold that is installed on the lifting shaft of press.
The shape of described mould is conical or cylindrical or the rounded square etc. of all size.
Above-mentioned waste edible fungus gurry is the discarded object of producing after Edible mushroom processing completes; Be divided in bulkly or packed, the solid material that loose paving ferments is planted bacterial classification and is produced edible mushroom on ground, frame, remaining solid material after gathering; The solid material fermenting is put in bag and become edible mushroom rod to produce, the bacterium bag material of having gathered.
Above-mentioned white clay is a kind of mixture, and formal name used at school kaolin ore, belongs to nonmetallic minerals, and the chances are for main chemical compositions: SiO
2al
2o
3fe
2o
3.Modified starch, English name: Modified Starch, ative starch is after processing someway, change to some extent its original physics or chemical property, for improve starch performance, expand its range of application, utilize physics, chemistry or enzymatic treatment, on starch molecule, introduce new functional group or change starch molecule size and starch granular property, thereby the natural characteristic (as: gelatinization point, thermoviscosity and stability thereof, freeze-thaw stability, gel force, film forming, the transparency etc.) that changes starch, makes it be more suitable for the requirement in certain application.This through secondary operations, the starch that changes character is referred to as modified starch.White clay and modified starch all can be bought and obtain on market.
If above-mentioned adhesive uses polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, before mix and blend, need it to carry out heat of solution, then be uniformly mixed in the main material adding.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. raw material sources are extensive, and cost of manufacture is cheap.Mushroom industry in China's development rapidly, very extensive as the edible mushroom waste mushroom stick source of its industrial waste, and purchasing price is also cheap, greatly reduces and makes the cost of producing pot for growing seedlings.
2. environmental protection, economy, discarded object recycling, can improve soil quality.Edible mushroom waste mushroom stick can improve soil physical and chemical property, increases soil fertility, and the discarded object of Edible Fungi is adequately and reasonably recycled, and realizing waste mushroom stick turns waste into wealth, for utilizing waste mushroom stick that a new outlet is provided.
3. can natural degradation, decomposition.Raw material of the present invention be substantially all adopted can natural decomposition nutriment as raw material, as main material adopts waste edible fungus gurry; Adhesive has adopted white clay, modified starch or the polyvinyl alcohol etc. of easy degraded, decomposition, and its usage amount is less again, therefore use pot for growing seedlings of the present invention to grow seedlings, after treating that seedling is bred as, can directly be transplanted to soil together with seedling band alms bowl, avoid the damage of seedling in transplanting, and pot for growing seedlings is after decomposing, can also serve as nutrient, for seedling absorbs.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
51 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
10 kilograms of corn straws
0.1 kilogram of white clay
Edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, corn straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, corn straw and white clay added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the conical mould that bore is 5cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 2:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
60 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
15 kilograms of corn straws
1 kilogram of modified starch
Above-mentioned waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then by agglomerating and not rotten to waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw and modified starch water adding mix and blend, then put into the columniform mould that bore is 5cm, after suppressing with press, bake the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings.
Embodiment 3:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
65 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
20 kilograms of straws
0.5 kilogram of polyvinyl alcohol
Above-mentioned waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, straw and polyvinyl alcohol added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the columniform mould that bore is 4cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 4:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
60 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
18 kilograms, beans bar
0.75 kilogram of polyethylene
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, beans bar are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, beans bar and polyethylene added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the mould that bore is the rounded square of 8cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 5:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
60 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
30 kilograms of bagasses
1 kilogram of polypropylene
Above-mentioned waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, bagasse are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, bagasse and polypropylene added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the columniform mould that bore is 12cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 6:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
75 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
25 kilograms, sugarcane leaf
0.9 kilogram of polyvinyl chloride
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, sugarcane leaf are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, sugarcane leaf and polyvinyl chloride added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the conical mould that bore is 7cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 7:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
70 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
35 kilograms of straw
5 kilograms of modified starches
Above-mentioned waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then by agglomerating and not rotten to waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, straw and modified starch water adding mix and blend, then put into the conical mould that bore is 10cm, after suppressing with press, bake the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings.
Embodiment 8:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
50 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
20 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
10 kilograms of corn straws
20 kilograms of straws
7 kilograms of modified starches
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then by agglomerating and not rotten to edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw and modified starch water adding mix and blend, then put into the columniform mould that bore is 5cm, after suppressing with press, dry the finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings.
Embodiment 9:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
85 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
10 kilograms of straws
15 kilograms, beans bar
8 kilograms of straw
1 kilogram of white clay
4 kilograms of modified starches
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, straw, beans bar, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, straw, beans bar, straw and white clay, modified starch water adding mix and blend is agglomerating and not rotten, then put into the conical mould that bore is 4cm, after suppressing with press, bake the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings.
Embodiment 10:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
90 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
49 kilograms, beans bar
8 kilograms of white claies
0.5 kilogram of polyvinyl alcohol
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, beans bar are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, beans bar and white clay, polyvinyl alcohol added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the columniform mould that bore is 4cm, bakes the dry finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press after suppressing.
Embodiment 11:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
90 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
10 kilograms of corn straws
39 kilograms of bagasses
10 kilograms of white claies
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, corn straw, bagasse are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, corn straw, bagasse and white clay added water is agglomerating and not rotten, then puts into the conical mould that bore is 12cm, after suppressing, dries the finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press.
Embodiment 12:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
55 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
20 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
10 kilograms of corn straws
7 kilograms of straws
1.5 kilograms of modified starches
0.75 kilogram of polyvinyl chloride
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw and modified starch, polyvinyl chloride added water is agglomerating and not rotten, putting into bore is the columniform mould of 12cm again, after suppressing, dries the finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press.
Embodiment 13:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
50 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
35 kilograms of waste edible fungus bacterium chaffs
10 kilograms of corn straws
20 kilograms of straws
5 kilograms of straw
1.5 kilograms of modified starches
0.75 kilogram of polyvinyl chloride
0.5 kilogram of polyvinyl alcohol
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, corn straw, straw, straw and modified starch, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol added water is agglomerating and not rotten, putting into bore is the columniform mould of 8cm again, after suppressing, dries the finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press.
Embodiment 14:
The weight of the each component of pot for growing seedlings:
70 kilograms of edible mushroom waste mushroom sticks
10 kilograms, beans bar
7 kilograms of straws
5 kilograms of straw
1.5 kilograms of modified starches
0.75 kilogram of white clay
0.5 kilogram of polyvinyl alcohol
Above-mentioned edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, beans bar, straw, straw are baked dry, respectively pulverize after carry out modification; Then the mix and blend that edible mushroom waste mushroom stick, waste edible fungus bacterium chaff, beans bar, straw, straw and modified starch, white clay, polyvinyl alcohol added water is agglomerating and not rotten, putting into bore is the columniform mould of 9cm again, after suppressing, dries the finished product that can obtain pot for growing seedlings with press.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps in order:
(1) first waste edible fungus gurry and plant fiber material are baked dryly, then raw material is crushed to respectively to 30～80 orders, and carries out modification;
Described modification be a kind of the waste edible fungus gurry after pulverizing and vegetable fiber after adding water and lime spontaneous fermentation, treat that its water content is reduced to 40%～50% biochemical denaturation way of suppressing of can prepare burden;
(2) waste edible fungus gurry, vegetable fiber and adhesive are mixed to by weight agglomerating and not rotten, then the raw material being stirred is filled with in the mould of choosing in advance, be the finished product of pot for growing seedlings through baking dry again after pressing mold, Cheng Mo, the demoulding;
The parts by weight of described each component are: 51～90 parts of waste edible fungus gurrys, 10～49 parts, vegetable fiber, 0.1～10 part of adhesive; Described waste edible fungus gurry is edible mushroom waste mushroom stick and/or waste edible fungus bacterium chaff; Described vegetable fiber is selected from one or more the combination in corn straw, straw, beans bar, bagasse, sugarcane leaf, straw; Described adhesive is one or more the combination in white clay, modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
2. the preparation method of degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mould is made up of the outer mold of feeding and internal mold that is installed on the lifting shaft of press.
3. the preparation method of degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the shape of described mould comprises the conical or cylindrical of all size.
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| CN201110377910.8A CN102487755B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Degradable nutritional seedling-raising pot and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102487755B true CN102487755B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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