CN102462701B - The method of enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract - Google Patents
The method of enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract Download PDFInfo
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- CN102462701B CN102462701B CN201010543481.2A CN201010543481A CN102462701B CN 102462701 B CN102462701 B CN 102462701B CN 201010543481 A CN201010543481 A CN 201010543481A CN 102462701 B CN102462701 B CN 102462701B
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Abstract
A kind of method that the present invention relates to enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract, the method comprises the following steps: 1) obtain water or the alcohol extract of Chinese medicine, the concentrated traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that becomes; 2) by step 1) obtain traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract in be added in reactor, then in reactor, add the amount of 0.01-5 weight portion to add one or more to be selected from following enzyme by traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract described in every 100 weight portions: cellulase, pectase, zytase, neutral proteinase, neutral proteinase, papain and 1,4 beta-glucanase, form mixture and the mixture obtaining is stirred to form uniform mixture in reactor; 3) by step 2) in obtain uniform mixture at 40~60 DEG C, at pH? under the condition of 3-5, react 2-3 hour, obtain Chinese medical extract clarified solution. Described method can be as required repeatedly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process for purification of Chinese medical extract, relate to a kind of enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract of adoptingMethod.
Background technology
The application of enzyme engineering in food processing is in recent years very extensive, and enzyme class used is more and more, and quantity is also got overCome larger, if the mankind have developed the multiple enzyme glue enzyme, pectinesterase, the cellulose that are applied in fruits and vegetables, beer, beverageEnzyme, rhamnosidase, neutral proteinase, galactomannans enzyme, liquefaction glucuroide etc., wherein using maximum is pectinEnzyme and cellulase.
Use enzyme abroad the thirties in 20th century industrialization. Domestic research starts from the sixties in last century, 80Age Mo just starts suitability for industrialized production. In natural products production process, pectase can remove pectin fast up hill and dale, reducesFruit juice viscosity, is beneficial to fruit juice filtration clear filtrate and clarity stable.
Pectase (pectolyticenzyme or pectinase) refers to be prevalent in bacterium, fungi and plant and isThe general name of the plurality of enzymes of decompose pectin class material. In garden stuff processing, feed, textile and paper industry, application is very extensive.
In Juice is produced, pectase is one of most important enzyme preparation, has been widely used in the extraction of JuiceWith the filterability of clarifying, improve Juice, and the dipping of plant tissue and extraction. At present in fruit and vegetable juice processing industry,Extensively adopt pectase degraded fruits and vegetables cell membrane to improve pressability, reduce viscosity, to increase crushing juice rate and progressive nutritional labeling.Use pectase, cellulase and hemicellulase can promote cell separation, cell membrane deliquescing, this is particularly suitable for fruits and vegetables[1]. Pectase acts on the glycosidic bond between D-galacturonic acid residue in pectic substance, and high molecular polygalacturonic acid is fallenFor small-molecule substance. Can improve the greatly crushing juice rate of fruit and vegetable varieties, improves its rate of filtration and ensures product storageStability [2].
Pectase, except reducing viscosity, also can produce flocculation, makes Juice clarification. The essence of clarification mechanism comprises fruitElectrostatic bunching two parts of the enzymatic hydrolysis of glue and non-enzyme. In fruit juice, there are a lot of materials as cellulose, protein, starch, pectinThe impact clarifications such as material and pectin substance are the principal elements that causes fruit juice muddiness. In the process of cherry juice, add pectinEnzyme, makes hydrolyzed pectin, thereby cherry juice viscosity is reduced, and filtration resistance reduces, and the rate of filtration is accelerated; Simultaneously due in cherry juiceSuspension fruit grain lose the protection of macromolecule pectin, be easy to occur sedimentation, and make the limpid clarification afterwards of upper strata juiceIn journey, the consumption of glutin clarificant just can greatly reduce, and even exempts to add fining agent [3].
In Chinese medicine, especially in root class medicinal material, usually contain many stickums, generally speaking, these stickums are logicalOften comprise protein, starch, tannin, pectin, mucilaginous substance etc. The existence of these materials can affect the viscosity of Chinese medicine extract and clearClear degree, thereby can affect being further purified of effective ingredient in Chinese. For this reason, the extract of this type of medicinal material usually needs after extractingWant clarification steps, according to the type of impurity, conventional defecation method is got the alcohol precipitation method, alcohol extracting water sedimentation method etc. as water extraction. To the greatest extentPipe said method has certain effect, but is far not by far up to the mark for the production of high-purity Chinese medicine, especially contains pectase moreMedicinal material, not only causes productive rate to decline, and also consumes more energy and processing cost is increased.
At present, the industrial applications of biology enzyme aspect traditional Chinese medicine extraction also entered the elementary development phase. Part of Chinese MedicinalCell membrane formed by cellulose, the active ingredient of plant is often wrapped in cell membrane. Cellulose is β-D-GlucoseConnect with Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-β glucoside chain, can destroy β-D-Glucose key with cellulose, and then be conducive to the extraction of active ingredient. RootAccording to this principle, the domestic people of having uses it for golden cypress and extracts the pretreatment in jamaicin, and contrasts real with not enzyme-added extractionTest, yield improves. Someone decocts pretreatment in advance by papain for Psoralea corylifolia, and Psoralea corylifolia is legumes psoraleaeSeed, contains rich in protein, and protein is in decoction process, and heat is solidified, and affects the fried of other active ingredients. ThereforeCan carry out pretreatment with papain to Psoralen cosmetics decocting in advance, proteolysis is become to peptide and amino acids, heat is notSolidify again, thereby promote the increase of the fried amount of various active ingredients.
Domestic have some enterprises and scientific research institution to research and develop a collection of application of cellulase in technology and the product of herbal pharmaceutical,And obtained domestic patent, but few in number. In these patents, except only adopt cellulase, adopt in addition fiberPlain enzyme and another kind of or several enzymes composition complex enzyme class enzymolysis and extraction Chinese medicine, but not for clarification and reduction viscosity.
As can be seen here, current above-mentioned enzyme process for purification is applied very extensive in food processing, and only applies at Chinese herbal medicine industryBe limited in traditional Chinese medicine extraction, object, in order to increase recovery rate, is not used in extract refining is processed. Therefore need a kind of techniqueSimply, easy to operate, quick, greatly reduce Chinese medicine extract refining processing that water, electricity, fining agent (or ethanol) consumesTechnique, for the processing of product that clarity is had relatively high expectations.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of method (hereinafter referred to as " method of the present invention ") of enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract,The method comprises the following steps:
1) obtain water or the alcohol extract of Chinese medicine, the concentrated traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that becomes;
2) by step 1) be added in reactor in the traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that obtains, then in reactor by every 100Described in weight portion, traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract adds the amount of 0.01-5 weight portion to add one or more to be selected from following enzyme: celluloseEnzyme, pectase, zytase, neutral proteinase, zytase, neutral proteinase, papain and 1,4 beta-glucanase, formMixture also stirs to form uniform mixture by the mixture obtaining in reactor;
3) by step 2) in the uniform mixture that obtains at 40~60 DEG C, under the condition of pH3-5, react 2-3 littleTime, obtain Chinese medical extract clarified solution.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein said Chinese medicine is the medicinal material containing stickum.
In another embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein the consumption of enzyme described in step 1 is for pressing every 100 weightThe described traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract of part adds 0.01-5 weight portion, preferably 0.05-1 weight portion.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 2) in the enzyme that uses be cellulase or pectinEnzyme.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 2) in the enzyme that uses be the compound of two kinds of enzymes compositionsEnzyme, the combination of preferred cellulose enzyme and pectase, the proportioning of described two kinds of enzymes is 1: 1 by weight.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, the method also comprises: detecting step 3) in obtain Chinese medicine carryGet the viscosity of thing clarified solution, if this viscosity and step 1) in reduce compared with the viscosity of traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that obtains approximately 5% withUnder, adopt and be different from the last enzyme using or the combination repeating step 1 of enzyme)-3).
In the method for the invention, step 3) in viscosity and the step 1 of Chinese medical extract clarified solution that obtain) in acquisitionThe viscosity of traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract is compared and is reduced 5-95%, more preferably reduces 10-95% and most preferably reduces 20-95%.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, the method also comprises:
4) by step 3) the Chinese medical extract clarified solution that obtains adsorbs through macroporous absorbent resin, and collects eluent.
In a preferred embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 4) in macroporous absorbent resin be selected from the non-utmost pointProperty is to any in low pole macroreticular resin.
The present invention is by adding pectase, cellulase, mixed enzyme to decompose pectin, the cellulose etc. in Chinese medical extract,Reduce intrinsic viscosity, replaced alcohol deposition method and removed pectin, cellulose, polysaccharide etc., reduced the precipitating reagents such as water, electricity, ethanolA large amount of consumption, be conducive to further separation, purifying effective ingredient in Chinese composition (Note: the present invention is subject to state natural sciences fund 30772755,30830118; The great special 2009ZX09103-317 of national science and technology subsidizes)。
Detailed description of the invention
Method of the present invention is a kind of method of enzyme process refining Chinese medicine extract, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) obtain water or the alcohol extract of Chinese medicine, the concentrated traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that becomes;
2) by step 1) be added in reactor in the traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that obtains, then in reactor by every 100Described in weight portion, traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract adds the amount of 0.01-5 weight portion to add one or more to be selected from following enzyme: celluloseEnzyme, pectase, zytase, neutral proteinase, zytase, neutral proteinase, papain and 1,4 beta-glucanase, formMixture also stirs to form uniform mixture by the mixture obtaining in reactor;
3) by step 2) in the uniform mixture that obtains at 40~60 DEG C, under the condition of pH3-5, react 2-3 littleTime, obtain Chinese medical extract clarified solution.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein said Chinese medicine is the medicinal material containing stickum, bagDraw together animal and plant medicinal material. For vegetable drug, the position of containing stickum comprises different agents areas, for example root class, rootStem class, skin class, flower, fruit, seed etc. The example of such medicinal material includes, but not limited to prepared rhizome of rehmannia, matrimony vine, longan, mountain ZhuCornel, sealwort, radix polygonati officinalis, cattail pollen, lucid asparagus, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, radix jurineae, plantain seed, the sterculia seed, rheum officinale, the wind-weed, the stem of noble dendrobium, coltsfootFlower, Poria cocos, keel, lepidium seed etc.
In the method for the invention, the extraction of Chinese medicine can make for example alcohol of water or organic solvent extract, described alcoholCan be that concentration is methyl alcohol, the ethanol etc. of 30-100%, preferably use 50~95% ethanol. Traditional Chinese medicine extraction method can referenceConventional Traditional Chinese medicine extraction method, general step is: by pulverizing medicinal materials, add suitable quantity of water or organic solvent (for example, medicinal material weight at every turn6~10 times of amount), heating is boiled and is kept 1~2 hour/time, extracts 2-5 time, preferred 2-3 time, gained extract is merged.
In an embodiment in the method for the invention, carry out enzyme refining before, step 1) in obtain inMedicament extracting solution can be concentrated to relative density 1.05~1.30 (60 DEG C of heat are surveyed) to reduce enzyme dosage as far as possible.
In the method for the invention, before being added to reactor, step 1) the middle traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract obtaining canBe cooled in advance room temperature, and then be added in reactor.
In another embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 1) described in the consumption of enzyme for by every 100 weightsAn amount part described traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract adds 0.01-5 weight portion, preferably 0.05-1 weight portion. Described enzyme can take suitablyAfter weight, be directly added in traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract, also can be with a small amount of distilled water or for extracting the organic solvent of Chinese medicineAfter dissolving a little and diluting, add. For example, as the dissolubility hour of enzyme in water, after can weighing, add a small amount of distilled water or inFurnishing pasty state after medicament extracting solution (soak into and be as the criterion, approximately 2g/ml), is then added in traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract so that disperse.Those skilled in the art can come comprehensive according to the combination of the viscosity of medicinal material used, concentrated traditional Chinese medicine extract, enzyme used or enzyme etc.Determine the consumption of enzyme.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 2) middle enzyme preferred cellulose enzyme or the pectin usingEnzyme, because Chinese medicine is mostly plant, wherein cellulose and pectin content are compared with horn of plenty.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 2) in the enzyme that uses be the compound of two kinds of enzymes compositionsEnzyme, the combination of preferred cellulose enzyme and pectase, the proportioning of described two kinds of enzymes is 1: 1 by weight. If adopt other enzymesCombination, also can be used according to the weight proportion of 1: 1.
The enzyme that used is in the method for the invention unrestricted, can be commercially available, can be also according to this area institutePrepared by known conventional method.
In the method for the invention, the selection of reactor is unrestricted, as long as can carry out the extraction of Chinese medicine, Ke YigenUse container reactor, evaporator etc. according to extraction scale. In the method for the invention, mixed enzyme and traditional Chinese drug inspissation in reactorThe method of extract is unrestricted, can adopt method as known in the art according to the scale of reactor and type, as stirredRod, agitator, blender etc. The temperature of preferably controlling reactant mixture in the time mixing, is no more than the temperature in reactorThe denaturation temperature of the enzyme using or reaction temperature, for example, be no more than 60 DEG C conventionally.
By said method, the method according to this invention obtain Chinese medical extract clarified solution with enzyme process before inThe viscosity (as intrinsic viscosity) of medicine concentrated extracting solution is compared can be reduced by least approximately 5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, preferably extremelyFew 70%, preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 85% and most preferably at least 90%; For example, can reduce 5-95%, 10-90%,20-90%,30-90%,10-80%,20-80%,30-80%,10-70%,20-70%,30-70%,10-60%,20-60%, 30-60%, more preferably 20-95% and most preferably 30-95%.
If the Chinese medicine adopting cannot pre-determine may originating of its viscosity, and in the group that adopts a kind of enzyme or enzymeClose after processing, the degree that the viscosity of traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract reduces is less than approximately 5%, can take its in enzyme recited aboveHis kind or combination carry out the method step of repetition the invention described above, until viscosity is reduced by least more than 5%. Such repeating stepBe also included within scope of the present invention,, in another embodiment of method of the present invention, the method also comprises: detect stepRapid 3) viscosity of Chinese medical extract clarified solution obtaining in, if this viscosity and step 1) in the sticking of the traditional Chinese drug inspissation extract that obtainsDegree is compared and is reduced (to be approximately more than 95% of the latter) approximately 5% below, adopts and is different from enzyme that the last time uses or enzymeCombination repeating step 1)-3). As required, this repeating step can carry out 2-4 time.
In an embodiment of method of the present invention, the method also comprises:
4) by step 3) the Chinese medical extract clarified solution that obtains adsorbs through macroporous absorbent resin, and collects eluent.
In a preferred embodiment of method of the present invention, wherein step 4) in macroporous absorbent resin be selected from the non-utmost pointProperty is to any in low pole macroreticular resin. This resinoid can use commercially available resin, comprises AB-8, D101 type, ADS-9Type, HP-20 type etc., the aperture of above-mentioned resin is generally 100-1000nm. Resin adsorption step of the present invention can adopt abilityThe known method of field technique personnel and step, generally carry out at ambient temperature, for example, under normal temperature (approximately 25 DEG C), carry out absorptionSpeed be generally 1~2 bed volume/hour, and with suitable solvent, for example water or 10%~70% ethanol gradient are washedDe-.
The eluent that the method according to this invention obtains can further extract and purifying as required.
To the present invention be described by specific embodiment below, for simplicity, description weight in embodiment and aboveMultiple part repeats no more. In addition, be noted that the following examples only represent some of the preferred embodiment of the invention, to the greatest extentManage some embodiment and do not obtain especially significant beneficial effect, but this and do not mean that and limit the scope of the invention or in factExecute. On the contrary, according to instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can be according to principle of the present invention, according to used Chinese medicineThe kind of material, the viscosity of Chinese medical extract, reaction temperature, reactor etc. are because usually selecting suitable biology enzyme to carry out traditional Chinese medicine extractionThe clarifying treatment of thing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Get cape jasmine and make water extraction liquid and be concentrated into relative density 1.036 (25 DEG C), add respectively the 0.5-1 of water extraction liquid heavy(pattern ocean in Shanghai is biological for the cellulase (Beijing Yi Xuan Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides, and 4000IU/g tires) of amount %, pectaseTechnology Co., Ltd. provides, and > 500U/mg tires), (Beijing Yi Xuan Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides zytase, tires 100Ten thousand/g), (Beijing Suo Laibao Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides neutral proteinase, tires 1,000,000/g), papain (BeijingYi Xuan Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides, tire 1,000,000/g), 1,4 beta-glucanase (carry by Beijing Yi Xuan Bioisystech Co., LtdConfession, tires 1: 3000), complex enzyme (pectase: cellulase=1: 1), at pH value=3-5, enzymolysis under the condition of temperature 50 C2-3 hour. Use black formula viscosimeter to measure the intrinsic viscosity of water extraction liquid after enzymolysis, result is presented in table 1.
In table 1 cape jasmine aqueous extract, add the result after different enzymes
From table 1, utilize as seen after enzymatic treatment, can significantly reduce the viscosity of Chinese medicine extract, its cellulase, reallyEffect the best of glue enzyme and complex enzyme.
Embodiment 2
Get respectively lucid asparagus, the bark of eucommia, tussilago, matrimony vine, 5 kinds of medicinal materials of sealwort, make water extraction liquid and be concentrated into relative densityMore than 1.026 (25 DEG C), in various water extraction liquid, add complex enzyme (pectase: cellulase with 1 % by weight of water extraction liquid respectively=1: 1), in PH=3~5, enzymolysis 2~3 hours under the condition of temperature 50 C. Use black formula viscosimeter to measure water extraction liquid after enzymolysisThe viscosity of clarified solution.
Before and after the enzyme-added processing of aqueous extract of the different medicinal materials of table 2, viscosity changes
Visible utilization after enzymatic treatment, complex enzyme can significantly reduce the viscosity of plurality of Chinese extract.
Bibliography
[1] Yang Jun, Zhao Xuehui. the research [J] of pectase to fruits and vegetables juice effect processed. food science and technology .1998 (3): 27~29.
[2] Zhang Yingjiu, Jin Cheng, Wang Hongmei, etc. the immobilization research [J] of pectase. biotechnology .1996,6 (2):26~29.
[3] Liu Songtao. the application [J] of several defecation methods in fruit-vegetable juice beverage is produced. Guangxi light industry 1999 (2):37~38.
Claims (3)
1. a method for the refining capejasmine extract of enzyme process, the method comprises the following steps:
1) obtain the water extract of cape jasmine, the concentrated cape jasmine concentrated extracting solution that to become 25 DEG C of relative densities be 1.036;
2) by step 1) the cape jasmine concentrated extracting solution that obtains is added in reactor, then in reactor by every 100 weight portionsThe amount of described cape jasmine concentrated extracting solution 0.5-1 weight portion adds cellulase, pectase, zytase, neutral proteinase, pawpawProtease, 1,4 beta-glucanase and complex enzyme, form mixture, and the mixture obtaining is stirred in reactor to form evenlyMixture;
3) by step 2) in obtain uniform mixture at 50 DEG C, under the condition of pH3-5, react 2-3 hour, obtain cape jasmine carryGet thing clarified solution,
Wherein tiring as 4000IU/g of cellulase used, tiring of pectase is greater than 500U/mg, the tiring of zytaseBe 1,000,000/g, tiring of neutral proteinase is 1,000,000/g, and tiring of papain is 1,000,000/g, the effect of 1,4 beta-glucanaseValency is 1: 3000, and described complex enzyme is made up of with the proportioning of 1: 1 by weight cellulase and pectase.
2. method according to claim 1, the method also comprises: 4) by step 3) the capejasmine extract clarified solution warp that obtainsMacroporous absorbent resin absorption, and collect eluent.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that step 4) in use macroporous absorbent resin be selected from nonpolarTo any in low pole macroreticular resin.
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