CN102458843A - 用于电线绝缘的高性能、高温轻质薄膜、带或护套 - Google Patents
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Abstract
薄轻质绝缘电线包括具有绝缘聚合物护套的芯(10)，所述绝缘聚合物护套包括允许电绝缘的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的内层(12)、提供增强的机械性质(诸如耐磨损和耐切割性)的含芳族和/或杂环环的聚合物(诸如聚醚醚酮(PEEK))的中间层(14)和提供电阻和耐化学性且允许将整体构造烧结的PTFE的外层(16)。所述中间层在烧结期间可经历一些流动和合金化，其可提供额外且出乎意料的益处。各薄膜的优选厚度为25-50μm。使用所述薄膜允许制得紧凑、薄且轻质的绝缘材料。
Description
本发明涉及尤其用作在各种环境中使用的电线和电缆的绝缘材料的轻质、高性能、耐高温且耐火的薄膜或带，所述环境包括苛刻的状况，诸如钻井或采矿、商业或军队航空航天及船舶应用及汽车、铁道和大量运输。这类电缆可能暴露于高温或低温以及腐蚀性物质或气氛或火。高性能电线通常包括功能芯，诸如电导体或光学纤维；和一个或多个绝缘和/或保护性涂层。这些涂层应为柔性且体积不太大的，因为在很多情况下需要电线具有轻重量和小直径。
已知适用于电线和电缆护套的各种类型的聚合物，诸如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚醚醚酮(PEEK)。PTFE具有非常坚韧以及化学惰性、高软化点、低摩擦系数和良好电绝缘性质的优势。
由于具有以极少的烟自熄的良好耐燃性，PEEK已经在电线和电缆护套中获得了日益增加的用途。其还具有良好的伸长率、在诸如薄膜的薄部分中的良好柔性和对于动态切割和擦刮磨损的良好机械阻力。然而，其可对电弧径迹以及由丙酮和强酸引起的侵蚀敏感。
EP-A-572177公开了多孔PTFE和PEEK的电绝缘层压材料。其目的在于提供用于飞机机架电线绝缘的柔性电绝缘材料，其为轻质的，具有高机械强度、耐热性和耐化学性及降低的介电常数。
然而，仍存在对于薄且轻质的电线和电缆的需要，该电线和电缆具有对火以及高温和其它恶劣条件具有抵抗性的绝缘材料。赋予这种耐燃性的一种方式是施用包含分散在聚合物基质中的云母粒子(典型地薄片)的涂料。例如，JP-A-2003100149公开了云母细粉和玻璃粉在硅氧烷树脂中的分散体用于涂覆耐火电缆的用途。然而，云母可增加成本且因此需要降低或避免云母含量。
2008年6月5日提交的申请人的同时待审的专利申请GB 0810294.9公开并要求包括芯和聚合物护套的电线或电缆，包括5-150μm厚的PEEK或PEEK的聚合物共混物或合金的缠绕膜(wrapped film)，所述PEEK的聚合物共混物或合金含有至少30%重量的PEEK与另一聚合物。该PEEK层可与配置了云母粒子的聚合物基质的耐火层组合，且还可具有保护性外层，例如含氟聚合物，诸如PTFE。
本发明提供用于高性能、高温电线的护套，其包括PTFE的内层、含有芳族和/或杂环环的聚合物薄膜的中间层和PTFE的烧结外层，各层的厚度在12-100μm范围内。
绝缘材料可包括绕电线缠绕或可直接挤压到电线上的层压带，至少PTFE外层经原位烧结。绝缘层优选以优选25-65%、更优选40-55%的重叠螺旋地缠绕芯。所述层可单独施用或使用两层或三层的所述层的层压材料施用。优选的重叠角为45°-55°。
中间层可例如含有聚芳醚酮(PAEK)或含有含氮、硫和/或氧的杂环的聚合物。优选的杂环聚合物包括包含与五元环稠合的六元环的杂环聚合物，诸如聚苯并咪唑、聚苯并噁唑和聚苯并噻唑及这些化合物的共混物和合金。
优选的PAEK为聚醚醚酮(PEEK)，但可单独使用或以共混物或合金形式使用其它PAEK，例如聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚酮醚酮酮(PEKEKK)和聚醚酮酮(PEKK)。
PTFE外层的烧结将整体复合材料以密封构造熔融结合，除了由PAEK层赋予的优良机械性质以外，还提供了优异的耐化学性。烧结优选在350-420℃的温度下发生。可烧结所有三个绝缘层。PEEK通常在约343℃下熔融。烧结引起PTFE收缩，由此提供非常紧密的绝缘材料护套。烧结的停留时间优选为30秒-2分钟，更优选为60-90秒。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供包括聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的第一层、含芳族和/或杂环环的聚合物的中间第二层和PTFE的第三层的三层复合绝缘薄膜或带。
各层的优选厚度为25-75μm。因此，利用本发明可以由相对廉价材料制得非常薄、重量非常轻的电线，尽管如此，所述电线仍具有优良机械性质以及耐高温和化学侵蚀。
附图为本发明的具有3-层护套的绝缘电线的放大横断面图。该绝缘电线包含芯导体10，该芯导体10可为例如铜、铝、银或钢的单丝或多丝导电金属芯。对于其它目的，该芯可替代为聚合物、碳纤维或陶瓷芯。
围绕该芯的是PTFE的内层12，该内层12优选具有25-75μm的厚度。在导电金属芯的情况下，这帮助提供电绝缘。该内层非常坚韧且具有低摩擦系数，即使在电线经受可能损坏其它材料的绝缘层的应力时，也可依赖该内层来保护芯。该层赋予的电保护包括对干/湿电弧径迹的抵抗性。
围绕PTFE内层的是含芳基或杂环环的聚合物(诸如聚芳醚酮、优选聚醚醚酮(PEEK))的中间层14。该层具有12-100μm、优选25-75μm的厚度。该层提供优良机械性质，诸如耐擦刮和动态切割性。
围绕该PEEK层的是烧结PTFE的最后外层16。该外层提供电阻和耐化学性。具有PTFE外层允许整体构造烧结。该PEEK层在烧结期间可经历流动和合金化，其可增强所有三层的性质。
施用薄膜以构成根据本发明的绝缘电线允许制得紧凑、薄且轻质的绝缘材料。
图示的电线可通过缠绕单个层、缠绕两层或三层的层压复合薄膜或通过挤压这三个保护层、接着烧结而制得。该烧结引起单个层的性质的出乎意外的协同增强。
以下实施例说明根据本发明的高性能、高温轻质电线的制造。
将三个连续层从带螺旋缠绕到包含22awg铜的镀镍铜线上。首先，将PTFE内层从具有4.0mm的宽度和48μm的厚度的Lenzing LD-PTFE带缠绕，以45°-55°的重叠角螺旋缠绕。
为了形成中间层，将具有6.0mm的宽度和45μm的厚度的PEEK带(APTIV 1,000)带在与内层相对的方向上再次以45-55 的重叠角缠绕。
最后，将外层在中间层上从具有6.5mm的宽度和50μm的厚度的3P 500级PTFE带缠绕，在与内层相同的缠绕方向上且再次以45°-55°的重叠角缠绕。
随后将由此形成的三层复合材料在400℃的温度下、在60-90秒的停留时间下烧结，以形成轻质、高性能、高温的绝缘材料。
Claims (18)
1.电线或电缆，其包括芯和绝缘聚合物护套，其中所述护套包括具有12-100μm的厚度的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的内层、围绕所述内层的具有12-100μm的厚度的包含含芳族和/或杂环环的聚合物的中间层和具有12-100μm的厚度的PTFE的烧结外层。
2.权利要求1的电线或电缆，其中所述中间层包含聚芳醚酮(PAEK)或其共混物或合金。
3.权利要求2的电线或电缆，其中所述PAEK中间层包含聚醚醚酮(PAEK)或其共混物或合金。
4.权利要求1的电线或电缆，其中所述中间层包含含有与五元环稠合的六元环的杂环单元的聚合物。
5.权利要求4的电线或电缆，其中所述中间层包含聚苯并咪唑、聚苯并噁唑和/或聚苯并噻唑的单元。
6.前述权利要求中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述中间层薄膜具有25-75μm的厚度。
7.权利要求6的电线或电缆，其中围绕所述芯的三层中的每一层具有25-75μm的厚度。
8.前述权利要求中任一项的电线或电缆，其中将所述护套的所述中间层和/或内层烧结。
9.前述权利要求中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述芯为导电金属芯。
10.权利要求9的电线或电缆，其中所述芯具有铜、铝、银或钢。
11.权利要求1-8中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述芯为聚合物、碳纤维或陶瓷芯。
12.前述权利要求中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述层中的每一层为单独缠绕的层。
13.权利要求1-11中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述绝缘层中的两层或三层以层压复合薄膜的形式施用。
14.权利要求12或13的电线或电缆，其中所述绝缘层和/或层压复合薄膜以25-60%的重叠螺旋缠绕到所述芯上。
15.权利要求1-11中任一项的电线或电缆，其中所述绝缘层通过挤压形成。
16.制造绝缘电线或电缆的方法，其包括以下步骤：向伸长的芯上螺旋缠绕具有12-100μm的厚度的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的内层、具有12-100μm的厚度的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的中间层和具有12-100μm的厚度的PTFE的外层和烧结至少所述外层。
17.权利要求16的方法，其中所述烧结在350-420℃的范围内的温度下发生。
18.复合绝缘薄膜或带构造，其包括聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的第一层、含有芳族和/或杂环环的聚合物的中间第二层和PTFE的第三层。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0911047A GB2471322B (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | High performance, high temperature lightweight insulating film, tape or sheath |
| GB0911047.9 | 2009-06-26 | ||
| GB0913634A GB2471344B (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-08-05 | High performance, high temperature lightweight film, tape or sheath for wire insulation |
| GB0913634.2 | 2009-08-05 | ||
| PCT/GB2010/051000 WO2010149994A1 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-16 | High performance, high temperature lightweight film, tape or sheath for wire insulation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102458843A true CN102458843A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
Family
ID=41008281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010800277847A Pending CN102458843A (zh) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-16 | 用于电线绝缘的高性能、高温轻质薄膜、带或护套 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120090874A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2445716B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP5623517B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102458843A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1013803A2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2412888T3 (zh) |
| GB (2) | GB2471322B (zh) |
| IN (1) | IN2012DN00450A (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2011013759A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2526683C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2010149994A1 (zh) |
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| CN104900345A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江秦山电缆有限公司 | 一种导电效率高的光伏电缆的生产工艺 |
| CN107141792A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 盐城申源塑胶有限公司 | 一种包覆型耐高温阻燃材料及其制备方法 |
| CN112743736A (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 九江天赐高新材料有限公司 | 聚醚醚酮/可熔性聚四氟乙烯复合膜及其制备方法及应用 |
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| GB2492087B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2018-09-19 | Tyco Electronics Ltd Uk | High temperature insulating tape and wire or cable sheathed therewith |
| US9496070B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2016-11-15 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Multi-layer insulated conductor having improved scrape abrasion resistance |
| CN103208328A (zh) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏中煤电缆股份有限公司 | 一种矿用阻水橡套软电缆 |
| EP3065929A1 (en) | 2013-11-08 | 2016-09-14 | Saint-gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Articles containing ptfe having improved dimensional stability particularly over long lengths, methods for making such articles, and cable/wire assemblies containing such articles |
| DE102013019889B4 (de) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-07-30 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Photobioreaktor mit Matten aus licht-auskoppelnden Lichtleiterfasern und ein elektrisches Wanderfeld erzeugenden elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern |
| GB2526243B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2021-07-14 | Victrex Mfg Ltd | Polymeric materials |
| EP3270201B1 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2020-08-19 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Fiber optic cable |
| CN106448894A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏中煤电缆有限公司 | 低烟无卤矿用屏蔽橡套软电缆 |
| CN110364308A (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-10-22 | 广州凯恒特种电线电缆有限公司 | 一种铝合金光滑导线及其制备方法 |
| CN115458222A (zh) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-12-09 | 泰科电子(上海)有限公司 | 带状电缆 |
| WO2022255369A1 (ja) | 2021-06-02 | 2022-12-08 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 熱交換器 |
| US11569008B1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-01-31 | Dongguan Luxshare Technologies Co., Ltd | Cable with low mode conversion performance and method for making the same |
| US11875920B2 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2024-01-16 | Luxshare Technologies International, Inc. | Cable with low mode conversion performance |
| CN117524575A (zh) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-02-06 | 缆之家电缆科技石家庄有限公司 | 一种耐磨耐高温的电线电缆及其制备方法 |
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| CN107141792A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 盐城申源塑胶有限公司 | 一种包覆型耐高温阻燃材料及其制备方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2526683C2 (ru) | 2014-08-27 |
| GB2471344B (en) | 2013-10-02 |
| GB2471344A (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| BRPI1013803A2 (pt) | 2016-04-12 |
| ES2412888T3 (es) | 2013-07-12 |
| US20120090874A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
| EP2445716B1 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| JP5623517B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
| GB0911047D0 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| JP2012531024A (ja) | 2012-12-06 |
| IN2012DN00450A (zh) | 2015-05-15 |
| RU2012102682A (ru) | 2013-08-10 |
| GB2471322B (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| MX2011013759A (es) | 2012-05-22 |
| GB0913634D0 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| GB2471322A (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| WO2010149994A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| EP2445716A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
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Application publication date: 20120516 |