CN102453841A - Steel used for sea oil extraction platform R4S grade mooring chain and its manufacture method - Google Patents
Steel used for sea oil extraction platform R4S grade mooring chain and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to steel used for a sea oil extraction platform R4S grade mooring chain and its manufacture method, which is characterized in that the steel used for the chain comprises the following chemical components by weight ratio(%): 0.20-0.25 of C, 0.15-0.30 of Si, 0.20-0.60 of Mn, 0.90-1.30 of Cr, 0.45-0.60 of Mo, 0.80-1.20 of Ni, 0.02-0.06 of Nb, 0.02-0.05 of Al, less than or equal to 0.025 of P, less than or equal to 0.025of S, less than or equal to 0.20 of Cu, less than or equal to 0.0120 of [N], less than or equal to 0.0030 of [O], the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacture method comprises the following steps: quenching and carrying out tempering heat treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 950-970 DEG C and the insulation time is 60-120 minutes, water cooling, tempering at the temperature of 570-590 DEG C, insulating for 60-120 minutes and water cooling, wherein the quenching time and the tempering time is same. The steel of the invention is capable of realizing the high strength performance index and excellent welding performance of the R4S grade mooring chain steel, breaking the technical problem of tensile ratio of the R4S grade mooring chain, overcoming the weakest link weld of the chain as well as satisfying the standard requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel and method of manufacture thereof.
Background technology
Mooring chain product is mainly used in marine petroleum exploitation with floating production system, semi-submersible rig, swinging mooring's structure and floating production facility; Because the chain long period of soaking is in seawater; Inclement condition; Therefore require mooring chain steel not only intensity height, good toughness, antifatigue, characteristic such as wear-resistant, but also requirement has seawater corrosion resistance.
Issue its standard 2009 versions, clearly list R5, R4S grade of steel in its latest edition standard " GUIDE FOR THE CERTIFICATION OF OFFSHORE MOORING CHAIN-DECEMBER 2009 " according to ABS surveying society; DNV surveying society issues its " OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-E302-October 2008 " formal standard equally; R5, R4S grade of steel mooring chain is included; On R4 rank mooring chain material foundation, must improve 10% above tensile strength (>=960Mpa) and can not significantly increase ys; Yield tensile ratio≤0.92; Will guarantee the requirement of the intensity and the technical specifications regulations such as toughness, fatigue property and stress corrosion resistant of material simultaneously, ABS, DNV surveying society latest edition standard are seen table 1 to the mechanical property requirements of R4, R4S grade of steel material:
Table 1
Can find out that from table 1 R4S had both required to improve intensity to more than the 960Mpa than R4, yield tensile ratio still requires below 0.92, and the impelling strength of having relatively high expectations.
Because; The manufacturing of mooring chain must be made chain link through weldprocedure; The welding property of chain link depends on the height of the carbon equivalent (Cq) of material again; R4S level mooring chain steel also should have the composition combination of low-carbon-equivalent (Cq), thereby determine R4S level mooring chain steel to possess the characteristic of " composition of converted steel, the performance of quenched and tempered steel " when guaranteeing its high-strength mechanical properties.
Simultaneously; The ME of mooring chain is to adopt welding back+thermal treatment to realize the mechanical property of chain; FW is remelting and recrystallization process to starting material, receives the acting in conjunction of high temperature and oxidation, and the relative mother metal of the chemical ingredients of weld seam will change; The soldered both sides can form the heat affected zone, so weld seam will become the weakest link of chain.
In sum; Realize the high-intensity performance index of R4S level mooring chain steel, good welding property; Especially solving the weakest link weld seam of chain and " yield tensile ratio (σ s/ σ b) " problem of heat affected zone thereof, is the gordian technique of R4S level mooring chain with the steel making method.
The chemical element Mn content of the mooring chain steel of traditional R4 level Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo series is higher; Because Mn is unfavorable for the reduction of steel carbon equivalent Cq; To the hardening capacity of steel, improve strength of materials aspect all relatively a little less than; Its alloy structure can not be strengthened chain welded seam area performance, and is bigger with the mechanical property gap of R4S level mooring chain.Design a kind of suitable alloying combination, become one of exploitation R4S level mooring chain steel urgent problem.
The comprehensive mechanical property of mooring chain not only leans on the good welding property of starting material to realize, also will rely on suitable thermal treatment process to give play to the potential performance of material, satisfies each item requirement of chain technical indicator.The modified thermal treatment present situation of mooring chain moves in oil (gas) stove continuously carries out, and the gait of march of chain has determined the heat-up time of chain, but the quenching of chain is consistent with tempering time.Steel plant carries out respectively in quenching furnance or tempering stove the modified thermal treatment of material; Select tempering temperature or tempering time to make material reach the requirement of mechanical performance index according to its quenching hardness after material quenches, its thermal treatment process is discontinuous.Since R4S level mooring chain especially the chain weld bond to thermal treatment process interval require extremely narrow, steel plant to the modified thermal treatment of material after results of property often can not get realizing in chain factory.Unified soaking time (h), the adjustment temperature adopts " equivalent pseudo-continuous refining thermal treatment "; Simulation chain continuous refining thermal treatment process; Realizing the narrow interval modifier treatment of circular chain steel, satisfy the chain performance index, is the another problem that needs solution of exploitation R4S level mooring chain steel.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency; A kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel is provided; Realize the high-intensity performance index of R4S level mooring chain steel, good welding property; Break the yield tensile ratio technology barriers of R4S level mooring chain, overcome the weakest link weld seam of chain, satisfy standard-required.
Two of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of manufacture of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel, realizes the narrow interval modifier treatment of circular chain steel, satisfies the chain performance index.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
A kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel, it is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of said chain steel consists of (% weight ratio): C 0.20～0.25, and Si 0.15～0.30, and Mn 0.20～0.60; Cr 0.90～1.30, and Mo 0.45～0.60, and Ni 0.80～1.20, and Nb 0.02～0.06; Al 0.02～0.05, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cu≤0.20; [N]≤0.0120, [O]≤0.0030, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
A kind of method of manufacture of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel, said method of manufacture comprise quenches and tempering heat treatment 950 ℃-970 ℃ of said quenching temperatures, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled; 570 ℃-590 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled, said quenching is consistent with the tempered time.
Said quenching temperature is 960 ℃, soaking time 120min, and water-cooled, tempering temperature are 580 ℃, soaking time 120min, water-cooled.
The concrete steps of said method are: electric furnace, and------continuous casting--------flaw detection--is quenched and tempering heat treatment--, and tandem rolling is put in storage in surface finish in slow cooling by-packing in vacuum outgas in refining.
The theoretical foundation of chemical composition design of the present invention is following:
The carbon equivalent formula that adopts: Cq=C+Mn/6+ [Cr+Mo]/15+Ni/40+Si/24+V/14
By can knowing in the above-mentioned carbon equivalent formula, Mn is 6.6 times of Ni to the contribution coefficient of Cq, and for improving welding property, the present invention compares with R4 level mooring chain steel, has reduced the content of Mn.But for guaranteed performance, chain weak link---the performance of commissure particularly, the present invention has improved the content of Ni.
The principle that main alloy element of the present invention is confirmed is:
1) C content confirms
Consider plasticity, toughness, machinability and the weldableness of steel, C content is unsuitable high, selects for use soft steel more suitable.The scope of C content of the present invention confirms as 0.20～0.25%;
2) Si content confirms
The Si here is a reinforced ferrite, can improve the matrix strength of material, and Tensile strength is had contribution.Si content range of the present invention confirms as 0.15～0.30%;
3) Mn content confirms
Can find out that by the carbon equivalent formula coefficient of Mn is higher, bigger to the harm of welding property.The scope of Mn content of the present invention confirms as 0.20～0.60%;
4) Cr content confirms
Cr is medium carbide forming element.Dissolve in austenitic Cr during heating and improve hardening capacity strongly.Cr in the steel, part displacement iron forms alloyed cementite, improves stability; A part is dissolved in the ferritic, produces solution strengthening, improves ferritic intensity and hardness.The scope of Cr content of the present invention confirms as 0.90～1.30%;
5) Ni content confirms
Ni is non-carbide forming element.Ni is present in the steel with the solid solution form.When being used, can significantly improve the hardening capacity of steel with Cr.Ni reduces the C content of eutectoid point, increases pearlitic volume(tric)fraction, helps improving intensity.Ni reduces the Ar3 transition temperature, and ferrite crystal grain is attenuated, and simultaneously, perlite sheet spacing is reduced, and helps flexible and improves.Can be known that by the carbon equivalent formula coefficient of Ni is less, less to the harm of welding property, for guaranteeing the commissure performance, the scope of Ni content of the present invention confirms as 0.80～1.20%;
6) Mo content confirms
Mo is present in the sosoloid and carbide of steel, and the solution strengthening effect is arranged, and can improve the hardening capacity and the temper resistance of steel, can also crystal grain thinning, and improve the carbide ununiformity, thereby improve the intensity and the toughness of steel.Mo has significant retardation function to perlitic transformation, and less to bainite transformation influence, thereby in sizable speed of cooling scope, can to obtain all be the tissue of bainite.The scope of Mo content of the present invention confirms as 0.45～0.60%;
7) Nb content confirms
Nb is typical micro alloying element, has very strong avidity with C, N, can form stable carbide and carbonitride.The present invention has adopted higher quenching temperature, and an amount of Nb can stop crystal grain in the heat tracing process, too to be grown up.In addition, its effect also is embodied in aspects such as precipitation strength, raising resistance to tempering.The scope of Nb content of the present invention confirms as 0.02～0.06%;
8) Al content confirms
Adding the Al element mainly is to be used for crystal grain thinning.The scope of Al content of the present invention confirms as 0.02～0.05%.
For material has good obdurability coupling, need heat-treat tissue and the performance of improving weld metal.The present invention simulates the actual procedure that R4S level mooring chain chain is made, and Q-tempering thermal treatment all is that on-line synchronous is carried out, and heat treatment period parameter and rhythm of production are consistent, and in the heat treatment test of back, quenching, tempering insulation time are 120min.
Therefore, the present invention adopts " equivalent pseudo-continuous refining thermal treatment ", selects 950 ℃-970 ℃ of high quenching temperatures, soaking time 120min, water-cooled; 570 ℃-590 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 120min, water-cooled.
?
The Selection of technological conditions of method of manufacture of the present invention is according to being:
The present invention selects high quenching temperature (the Ac3 temperature is 810 ℃-820 ℃); Main purpose is to obtain big martensite+residual austenite of crystal grain and mixed with little amount bainite structure; To obtain the good obdurability coupling of R4S level mooring chain material, help the yield tensile ratio requirement of material simultaneously.
The tissue of this steel weld seam and heat affected zone is mainly mixed with bainite+martensite and small portion of residual austenite structure; Behind 950 ℃-970 ℃ insulation 1h cold quenchings, be organized as lath martensite+(6%-10%) residual austenite (comprising the M-A island) and mixed with little amount bainite structure.When quenching temperature was increased to 1000 ℃, crystal grain was thick unusually.
Numerous documents draw, and crystal grain is tiny more, and the yield tensile ratio of steel is high more, therefore, improve quenching temperature, and increase grain-size that can be suitable is favourable to reducing yield tensile ratio.Owing to contain micro-Nb, Al, Ti, N etc. in the material, in steel, form tiny AlN, NbN, NbC, TiC particle, can stop austenite crystal under high quenching temperature, excessively to be grown up, and worsen toughness, the plasticity index of material.
Add trace element in the material; As Nb (0.02-0.05%), Al (0.02-0.05%), N (80-120ppm), when Ti is an amount of; In the quenching temperature scope, mainly separate out MX precipitation strength phase, improve the intensity of material, and the pinning through gap phase particle and towing mechanism can effectively suppress austenite crystal and grows up; After 960 ℃ * 1h quenched, the grain fineness number of R4S material was the 4-5 level.Micronutrient levels quenches through 960 ℃ * 1h during less than this scope, and grain fineness number reaches the 1-2 level, and crystal grain is thick, and impact toughness is totally unfavorable.
Improve quenching temperature, can make weld seam fusion area crystal boundary impurity dissolve in austenitic amount on the one hand increases, and has reduced the Impurity Distribution of crystal boundary; Improve the rate of diffusion of alloying element on the one hand, reduce the component difference of weld seam and matrix, increase the homogeneity of structural constituent, thereby improved the impelling strength Akv of weld bond after the tempering.Simultaneously, form residual austenite and M-A island tissue behind the quench hot, can reduce YIELD STRENGTH and yield tensile ratio, the strain inducing martensitic transformation on residual austenite and M-A island makes material little to the influence of tensile strength.
Tissue after weld seam and the heat affected zone tempering is mainly the tempered sorbite tissue, and along with the rising of tempering temperature, dislocation desity reduces in the lath; Residual austenite quantity is decomposed minimizing; Carbide is separated out, is grown up and nodularization trend is arranged in the martensite, thereby the intensity of weld bond reduces along with the rising of tempering temperature gradually; And toughness significantly raises, and ys and yield tensile ratio are also in rising trend.
Martensite that black particle shape is tiny, disperse is distributed in the crystal boundary place and residual austenite M-A island make the key that the yield tensile ratio of material meets the demands; The high density dislocation that has martensitic transformation to bring out in the residual austenite; When movable dislocation desity in the steel surpasses a threshold value, show as the yield behavior of material.Therefore, along with tempering temperature raises, further decompose on residual austenite and M-A island; Yield tensile ratio is rising trend, and when tempering was 610 ℃, residual austenite and M-A island major part were decomposed; Be transformed into perlite, the yield tensile ratio of this moment has exceeded standard-required, and value is 0.928.
For obdurability, the yield tensile ratio of material all can satisfy the requirement of ship inspection standard preferably, tempering temperature of the present invention is chosen as 580 ℃.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Through the reasonable setting of composition of steel, realize the high-intensity performance index of R4S level mooring chain steel, good welding property, break the yield tensile ratio technology barriers of R4S level mooring chain, overcome the weakest link weld seam of chain, satisfy standard-required.The reasonable setting of method of manufacture, processing parameter realizes the narrow interval modifier treatment of circular chain steel, satisfies the chain performance index.The present invention on R4 rank mooring chain material foundation, improve 10% above tensile strength (>=960Mpa) and not increase ys; Yield tensile ratio≤0.92; ABS, DNV surveying society latest edition code requirement are satisfied in the requirement that simultaneously true intensity of protecting material and technical specificationss such as toughness, fatigue property and stress corrosion resistant are stipulated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the heat treatment cycle curve figure of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the photo of organizing of weld seam before quenching and heat affected zone.
Fig. 3 be after 960 ℃ of quenchings weld seam and heat affected zone organize photo.
Fig. 4 be after 1000 ℃ of quenchings weld seam and heat affected zone organize photo.
Fig. 5 is grain fineness number (Nb 0.02-0.05%) photo of weld seam and heat affected zone after 960 ℃ of quenchings.
Fig. 6 is grain fineness number (Nb≤0.015%) photo of weld seam and heat affected zone after 960 ℃ of quenchings.
Fig. 7 is that quenching temperature is to effect of material performance.
Fig. 8 is that tempering temperature is to effect of material performance.
Fig. 9 is tissue (decomposition on martensite, residual austenite, the M-A island changes) photo of different tempering temperatures.
Embodiment
A kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel that the present invention relates to, its chemical ingredients consists of (% weight ratio) C 0.20～0.25, and Si 0.15～0.30, and Mn 0.20～0.60; Cr 0.90～1.30, and Mo 0.45～0.60, and Ni 0.80～1.20, and Nb 0.02～0.06; Al 0.02～0.05, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cu≤0.20; [N]≤0.0120, [O]≤0.0030, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, the embodiment in specifically can seeing table:
The method of manufacture of the offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel of different components is in the foregoing description: electric furnace (EAF), and------continuous casting (CCM)--------tandem rolling is put in storage in flaw detection (ET/IT+UT)--thermal treatment (equivalence is QT continuously)--in surface finish in slow cooling by-packing in vacuum outgas (VD) in refining (LF).
Its thermal treatment comprises quenches and tempering 950 ℃-970 ℃ of said quenching temperatures, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled; 570 ℃-590 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled, said quenching is consistent with the tempered time.
The optimum condition of above-mentioned thermal treatment process is: quenching temperature is 960 ℃, soaking time 120min, and water-cooled, tempering temperature are 580 ℃, soaking time 120min, water-cooled is referring to Fig. 1.
Claims (4)
1. offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of said chain steel is formed weight percent and is: C 0.20～0.25, and Si 0.15～0.30, and Mn 0.20～0.60; Cr 0.90～1.30, and Mo 0.45～0.60, and Ni 0.80～1.20, and Nb 0.02～0.06; Al 0.02～0.05, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cu≤0.20; [N]≤0.0120, [O]≤0.0030, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the method for manufacture of a kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said method of manufacture comprises quenches and tempering heat treatment; 950 ℃-970 ℃ of said quenching temperatures, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled; 570 ℃-590 ℃ of tempering, soaking time 60min-120min, water-cooled, said quenching is consistent with the tempered time.
3. the method for manufacture of a kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said quenching temperature is 960 ℃, soaking time 120min, water-cooled, tempering temperature are 580 ℃, soaking time 120min, water-cooled.
4. the method for manufacture of a kind of offshore oil production platform R4S level mooring chain steel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of said method are: electric furnace, and------continuous casting--------flaw detection--is quenched and tempering heat treatment--, and tandem rolling is put in storage in surface finish in slow cooling by-packing in vacuum outgas in refining.
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| CN103276303A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength chain steel for mine, and preparation method thereof |
| WO2014114200A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-31 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | High-steel-grade anti-sulfur drill pipe material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104532143A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-22 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Mining large-specification and high-strength chain steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106521356A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-03-22 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength high-toughness corrosion-resistant chain steel and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN106636928A (en) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-05-10 | 殷匠 | Offshore mooring chain steel and thermal treatment method for mooring chain |
| WO2017117885A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | R5-grade mooring chain steel with high strength and low heat treatment sensitivity and manufacturing method therefor |
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| WO2014114200A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-31 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | High-steel-grade anti-sulfur drill pipe material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103276303A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength chain steel for mine, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104532143A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-22 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Mining large-specification and high-strength chain steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN104532143B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-11-16 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | A kind of mining big specification, high-test chain steel and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017117885A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | R5-grade mooring chain steel with high strength and low heat treatment sensitivity and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN106521356A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-03-22 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength high-toughness corrosion-resistant chain steel and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN106521356B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-12-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high-intensity high-tenacity corrosion-resistant chain steel and its heat treatment method |
| CN106636928A (en) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-05-10 | 殷匠 | Offshore mooring chain steel and thermal treatment method for mooring chain |
| CN109457085A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment process of mooring cable |
| CN111088461A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-01 | 北京科技大学 | Nano-enhanced hydrogen embrittlement resistant steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113322409A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-31 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness mining chain steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113322409B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-06-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness mining chain steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113249643A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-13 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Mining high-strength carburized chain steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116623103A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-22 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Breaking force 120 kN-level high-strength chain and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120516 |