CN104294161A - High-temperature-resistant free-cutting high-strength steel - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant free-cutting high-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104294161A CN104294161A CN201410600323.4A CN201410600323A CN104294161A CN 104294161 A CN104294161 A CN 104294161A CN 201410600323 A CN201410600323 A CN 201410600323A CN 104294161 A CN104294161 A CN 104294161A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to high-temperature-resistant free-cutting high-strength steel which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.15-0.35 percent of C, 0.40-0.60 percent of Si, 1.2-1.5 percent of Mn, P being equal to or less than 0.015 percent, S being equal to or less than 0.015 percent, 0.04-0.06 percent of N, 0.01-0.02 percent of B, 0.01-0.03 percent of Al, 0.04-0.06 percent of Ti, 0.025-0.035 percent of Mo, and 0.06-0.12 percent of Cr. The high-temperature-resistant free-cutting high-strength steel provided by the invention has the advantages that the environmental pollution does not exist, the machinability is excellent, namely the machinability is the same as that of the Pd series free-cutting steel, on the premise that the components are simple, and the conventional process is adopted only, the yield strength Rel is larger than or equal to 750 Mpa, the tensile strength Rm is larger than or equal to 1,000 Mpa, the elongation A is larger than or equal to 20%, and the percentage reduction of area Z is larger than or equal to 35%, through Cr-Mo alloying, the heat resistance of the steel is improved, namely, the heat-resistance temperature of the steel is increased to be not less than 500 DEG C from the 400 DEG C at present, the life cycle is prolonged six months above compared with 24 months in the prior art, and the requirements of heat-resistant high-strength steel are fully met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of free-cutting steel, belong to a kind of high temperature resistant middle component Cutting free high-strength steel particularly.
Background technology
Along with the development of mechanical industry, the particularly popularization and application of numerically-controlled machine, high temperature resistant component steel is as component steel such as boiler, engine, heating pipe networks, not only require the resistance toheat identical with main equipment and good mechanical property, also require more strict to component machinability, and conventional art improves cutting ability often to sacrifice premised on steel mechanical property, this makes prior art face the problem that cannot overcome, even if steel still have higher resistance toheat while having good cutting, mechanical property concurrently.
With regard to current free-cutting steel: though Lead Treated Steel has the feature of excellent cutting ability (cutter life, chip treatability, machined surface smooth finish etc.), but because lead can move in entered environment from steel, especially in hot environment, rate of migration is faster, harmful, environmental pollution is larger, from the angle of environmental protection, it obviously not the object continuing utilization and researchdevelopment from now on.
Though be unleaded environment protection type easy Cutting Steel for free-cutting steels such as sulphur system, bismuth systems, but produce due to it or apply and all face various problem: as sulphur higher in resulfurizing series free cutting steel, oxygen level, can reduce purity of steel, severe exacerbation steel mechanics performance and in steel MnS be mingled with, Mechanical Property Anisotropy can be caused to increase, limit its range of application; For containing Se(selenium), Te(tellurium), Bi(bismuth) etc. the free-cutting steel of rare elements, although its cutting ability can improve, and significantly can not worsen steel mechanics performance, limit its application because of cost intensive equally.
Be confined to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, free-cutting machinability is often difficult to become the target that heat resistant type high-strength steel is considered, and this causes heat resistant type high-strength steel to be difficult to meet the requirement of numerically-controlled machine to the machinability of material, reduces production efficiency, improves production cost.
BN type free-cutting steel belongs to novel environment-friendly lead free free-cutting steel, it utilizes to be mingled with the similar BN of crystal structure of graphite and improves cutting rolled steel performance, steel are made to have the machinability suitable with lead series free cutting steel, and mechanical property and mother metal are as good as, thus become international free-cutting steel research and development focus.
Through retrieval: China Patent Publication No. is the patent documentation of CN102703839A, it discloses a kind of high-strength simple-cutting steel.Its chemical component weight per-cent is, C:0.05-0.20%, Si:0.10-0.40%, Mn:1.00-2.00%, P :≤0.040%, S:0.070-0.200%, Al :≤0.010%, Cr:0.20-0.50%, Ti:0.03-0.10%, B:0.008-0.0035%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.Its deficiency existed: document steel grade is low-carbon (LC) resulfurizing series free cutting steel, although adopt Ti microalloying, but not good (the i.e. yield strength Rel >=450MPa of its mechanical property, tensile strength Rm >=650MPa, unit elongation A >=20%, relative reduction in area Z >=55%), adding of its sulphur improves cutting rolled steel performance, but increase Mechanical Property Anisotropy, thus limit its range of application, and separately rely on Cr(0.20-0.50% in steel) to improve steel resistance toheat effect poor.China Patent Publication No. is the patent documentation of CN103397255, it discloses the high-performance free-cutting steel that a kind of anisotropy is little, its chemical composition weight percent is, C:0.10-0.70%, Si:0.10-0.60%, Mn:0.20-1.50%, P:<0.025%, S:<0.010%, Al:0.02% to 0.08%, B:0.021-0.028%, N:0.02-0.04%, Cu:0.70-2.00%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.Its deficiency existed: this patent belongs to BN type free-cutting steel and has excellent cutting ability, although adopt Cu to improve steel mechanics performance, but it is undesirable to improve effect, i.e. its yield strength Rel >=400Mpa, tensile strength Rm >=600Mpa, unit elongation A >=16%, is difficult to the requirement meeting high strength, and in chemical composition, shortage strengthens the element of steel resistance toheat as Cr, Mo etc., thus cannot guarantee steel resistance to elevated temperatures.
For avoiding steel strength to reduce or Lead contamination in prior art, and its processing characteristics not being paid attention to, in heat resistant type high-strength steel, namely not adding Cutting free element, thus cutting rolled steel poor performance; Also have the report of relevant environment-friendly type BN patent, if China Patent Publication No. is the patent documentation of CN103397255, but its resistance toheat and intensity lower, be difficult to adapt to the service requirements under hot environment.
For overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention utilizes BN to be mingled with to improve cutting rolled steel performance, and improves steel resistance toheat and intensity by Cr-Mo and Ti Alloying, produces a kind of heat resistant type high-strength simple-cutting steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, one not only non-environmental-pollution is provided, cutting ability is excellent, and yield strength Rel >=750Mpa, tensile strength Rm >=1000Mpa, unit elongation A >=20%, relative reduction in area Z >=35%, and by adopting Cr-Mo alloying to improve steel resistance toheat, to be namely increased at about 400 DEG C by existing heat resisting temperature and to be not less than 500 DEG C, and life cycle be improved for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel, its component and weight percent content are: C:0.15 ~ 0.35 %, Si:0.40 ~ 0.60 %, Mn:1.2 ~ 1.5 %, P≤0.015 %, S≤0.015 %, N:0.04 ~ 0.06 %, B:0.01 ~ 0.02 %, Al:0.01 ~ 0.03 %, Ti:0.04 ~ 0.06 %, Mo:0.025 ~ 0.035 %, Cr:0.06 ~ 0.12 %, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably: the weight percent content of C is 0.17 ~ 0.33%.
Preferably: the weight percent content of Mo is 0.028 ~ 0.033%.
Preferably: the weight percent content of Cr is 0.08 ~ 0.12%.
Each element interaction in the present invention:
C: carbon content has material impact to steel strength, too high carbon content makes steel Medium pearlite ratio increase, and the intensity of steel is improved, is unfavorable for the machining of free-cutting steel; And too low carbon content can reduce the intensity of steel, and make steel partially soft, reduce steel mechanics performance and chip-breaking performance.Found through experiments when carbon content lower than 0.15% time steel partially soft, working angles iron filings are long and not easily broken, and thus cutting ability is not good, and steel strength is lower simultaneously; When carbon content is more than 0.35%, steel matrix hardness is higher, and Cutter wear is comparatively serious and mechanical property surplus capacity is higher, and thus consider mechanical property and cutting ability, carbon content is designed to 0.15 ~ 0.35%, preferably: C is 0.17 ~ 0.33%.
Si: the intensity mainly improving steel with solution strengthening form, but too high silicone content can worsen the cold deformation ability of steel, and its deoxidation products has higher hardness, working angles Cutter wear is serious, and therefore silicone content of the present invention is designed to 0.40 ~ 0.60%.
The solution strengthening effect of Mn: in ferrite, Mn is only second to P and Si, can improve steel strength, and significantly can not worsen the deformability of steel, but content lower than 0.80% time, its strengthening effect is not obvious; Mn can also react with S and generate MnS and be mingled with and improve cutting rolled steel performance, and can prevent from causing hot short low melting point FeS to separate out at crystal boundary, simultaneously MnS is mingled with can also become BN and be mingled with forming core core, reduce BN and be mingled with required this free energy of jeep of precipitation, increase BN and be mingled with precipitation quantity, thus improve the cutting ability of steel.Therefore, Fe content of the present invention is designed to 1.2 ~ 1.5%.
P: its energy reinforced ferrite phase, but P is harmful element for steel performance, requires that its content is more low better in theory, the performance of guarantee steel of the present invention.Therefore, phosphorus content of the present invention is designed to less than 0.015%.
S: the MnS that in steel, sulphur and manganese can be formed is mingled with and can be used as BN and be mingled with forming core core, improves BN and is mingled with nucleation rate, increase BN in steel and be mingled with quantity, but too much MnS is mingled with the anisotropy that can increase steel performance, the application of serious restriction steel.Therefore, sulphur content of the present invention is designed to less than 0.015%.
N: in steel, N and B reaction generates and is conducive to improving that the BN of cutting ability is favourable is mingled with, and by Ti(C, N) generation realize titanium microalloying and improve the object of steel strength, therefore appropriate N content is needed in steel, if but N content is too much, and can worsen steel mechanics performance and reduce the rate of steel products produced to steel ingots.Therefore, nitrogen content of the present invention is designed to 0.04 ~ 0.06%.
The interpolation of B:B is mingled with for forming BN, to improve cutting rolled steel performance.In steel, B content is too low, and the BN being difficult to generate q.s is mingled with, too high, very easily worsens steel toughness and is unfavorable for that steel are applied.Therefore B content of the present invention is designed to 0.01 ~ 0.02 %.
Al: aluminium adds in steel as reductor, a certain amount of aluminium is conducive to the precipitation promoting that BN is mingled with, but excessive Al can affect steel mechanics performance, reduces cutting rolled steel performance.Therefore, aluminium content of the present invention is designed to 0.01 ~ 0.03%.
Ti: add as the micro alloying element improving steel strength, energy crystal grain thinning is separated out in the carbonitride intergranular precipitation of titanium, makes the intensity of steel increase and keep fine grain structure when comparatively high temps, improves thermostability and the intensity of steel.But too much titanium can increase to be smelted difficulty and causes steel hardness higher, and then increases the wearing and tearing of cutter, reduces cutting ability.Therefore, titanium content of the present invention is designed to 0.04 ~ 0.06%.
Mo: molybdenum is alloying element important in steel, has solution strengthening effect to ferrite, can improve the stability of carbide, therefore favourable to the hot strength improving steel.And effectively can improve intensity and the toughness (particularly resistance to elevated temperatures) of steel; Improve hardness and the wear resistance of steel, improve hardening capacity and the hardenability of steel part, purification crystal boundary improves resistance for delayed fracture.But too much molybdenum can increase smelting cost.Add a small amount of molybdenum in steel and significantly can strengthen steel strength, there is higher input-output ratio.Found through experiments, when Mo content in steel lower than 0.025% time steel strength lower, be difficult to the requirement meeting high strength; When Mo content higher than 0.035% time, the higher working angles tool wear that causes of steel hardness is serious.Therefore consider molybdenum content in steel of the present invention and be designed to 0.025 ~ 0.035%, preferably: Mo is 0.028 ~ 0.033%.
Cr: chromium is mainly present in cementite (Fe
3c) in, the chromium be dissolved in cementite improves the decomposition temperature of carbide, prevents the generation of greying phenomenon, and then improves the thermotolerance of steel, and can improve steel corrosion resisting property.Found through experiments, when in steel, Cr content is in 0.06% to 0.12%, steel heat and corrosion resistance performance is all good, and can meet service requirements very well.Therefore, chromium content of the present invention is designed to 0.06 ~ 0.12%, preferably: Cr is 0.08 ~ 0.12%.
The present invention compared with prior art, not only non-environmental-pollution, cutting ability is excellent, namely cutting ability is same as Pd series free-cutting steel, and it is simple at composition, under only adopting the prerequisite of existing technique, yield strength Rel >=750Mpa, tensile strength Rm >=1000Mpa, unit elongation A >=20%, relative reduction in area Z >=35%, and by adopting Cr-Mo alloying to improve steel resistance toheat, namely to be increased at about 400 DEG C by existing heat resisting temperature and to be not less than 500 DEG C, and life cycle can improve more than 6 months than about 24 months of prior art, it meets the requirement of heat resistant type high-strength steel completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the TiN playing Microalloying Effect in the present invention is mingled with shape appearance figure
Fig. 2 is the TiN energy spectrogram playing Microalloying Effect in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is steel grade As rolled of the present invention metallographic structure.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail:
Table 1 is the value list of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example;
Table 2 is various embodiments of the present invention and the list of comparative example Performance Detection situation.
Various embodiments of the present invention are produced according to following common process:
Electric furnace (converter) → refining (LF, VD, RH) → continuous casting → (heating) rolling is become a useful person;
Wherein, square billet Heating temperature is controlled at 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C, soaking time 100 ~ 150min; Roughing start rolling temperature is at 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C; Finish rolling finishing temperature 850 ~ 900 DEG C; Hot rolled rod carries out Water cooling after finish rolling, speed of cooling 50 ~ 120 DEG C/min; After bundling, enter to cheat slow cooling to room temperature.The processing parameter of each embodiment is chosen arbitrarily in described scope.
The value list (wt%) of table 1 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
Table 2 various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example capabilities list
From table 2 data, mechanical property of the present invention meets: yield strength Rel >=750Mpa, tensile strength Rm >=1000Mpa, unit elongation A >=20%, relative reduction in area Z >=35%, and cutter life significantly improves, cutting ability is excellent, thermal stability is at least at 500 DEG C, and life cycle at least can extend 6 months, and after cutting, steel surface is highly polished.
Above-described embodiment is only the best and exemplifies, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel, its component and weight percent content are: C:0.15 ~ 0.35 %, Si:0.40 ~ 0.60 %, Mn:1.2 ~ 1.5 %, P≤0.015 %, S≤0.015 %, N:0.04 ~ 0.06 %, B:0.01 ~ 0.02 %, Al:0.01 ~ 0.03 %, Ti:0.04 ~ 0.06 %, Mo:0.025 ~ 0.035 %, Cr:0.06 ~ 0.12 %, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel, it is characterized in that: the weight percent content of C is 0.17 ~ 0.33%.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel, it is characterized in that: the weight percent content of Mo is 0.028 ~ 0.033%.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel, it is characterized in that: the weight percent content of Cr is 0.08 ~ 0.12%.
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| CN201410600323.4A CN104294161B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | A kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel |
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| CN201410600323.4A CN104294161B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | A kind of for high temperature resistant Cutting free high-strength steel |
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| CN104294161B CN104294161B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104946987A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High-strength finish rolled steel bar and production method thereof |
| CN105779867A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-20 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Free-cutting wear-resisting steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105950971A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Engineering machinery steel with yield strength being larger than or equal to 960 MPa grade and production method |
| CN109234626A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-01-18 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of Cutting free heavy-load automobile hub bearing steel and manufacturing method |
| RU2696802C1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-08-06 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)" | Easily machined chromo-manganese molybdenum bn-containing steel |
| RU2696798C1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-08-06 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)" | Medium carbon chrome-molybdenum easily processed bn-containing steel |
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| CN102925806A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-02-13 | 新余钢铁集团有限公司 | Y55 mark free-cutting steel plate and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102952995A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 徐芗明 | Environment-friendly leadless free-cutting steel and metallurgy method thereof |
| CN103397255A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High-performance free-cutting steel with small anisotropy |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS55110758A (en) * | 1979-02-20 | 1980-08-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | High temperature use chromium steel |
| CN1380911A (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2002-11-20 | 川崎制铁株式会社 | Non-refined steel being reduced in anisotropy of material and excellent in strength, toughness and machinability, and its making method |
| CN102952995A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 徐芗明 | Environment-friendly leadless free-cutting steel and metallurgy method thereof |
| CN102925806A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-02-13 | 新余钢铁集团有限公司 | Y55 mark free-cutting steel plate and manufacture method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104946987A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High-strength finish rolled steel bar and production method thereof |
| CN105779867A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-20 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Free-cutting wear-resisting steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105950971A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Engineering machinery steel with yield strength being larger than or equal to 960 MPa grade and production method |
| CN109234626A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-01-18 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of Cutting free heavy-load automobile hub bearing steel and manufacturing method |
| RU2696798C1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-08-06 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)" | Medium carbon chrome-molybdenum easily processed bn-containing steel |
| RU2696802C1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-08-06 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)" | Easily machined chromo-manganese molybdenum bn-containing steel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104294161B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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