CN1281906A - High-strength, high-toughness and corrosion resistant mooring chain steel and its production process - Google Patents
High-strength, high-toughness and corrosion resistant mooring chain steel and its production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resisting steel for mooring chain and its production process. Said steel contains (wt%) C 0.25%-0.33%, Si 0.15%-0.30%, Mn 1.45%-1.75%, Cr 0.90%-1.40%, Ni 1.00%-1.20%, Mo 0.45%-0.65%, Nb 0.02%-0.06%, Al 0.020%-0.05%, residual and harmful elements: P is less than or equal to 0.020%, S is less than or equal to 0.015%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20%, Sn is less than or equal to 0.03%, Sb is less than or equal to 0.01%, As is less then or equal to 0.04%, B is less than or equal to 0.005%, [N] is less than or equal to 0.009%, [O] is less than or equal to 0.0020%, [H] is less than or equal to 0.0002% and the rest is Fe. At the same time the carbon equivalent must be greeter than 1.40. Said steel produced by adopting EAF+LF+VD+CCM process can be used as R4-level morring chain for semi-submerged well drilling platform, single-point mooring structure, floating tanker and other marine installation.
Description
The invention belongs to the ferrous alloy steel, relate to R4 level marine mooring chain (OFFSHORE MOORINGCHAIN) and design and production technique with the steel alloy steel grade.
In recent years, deep development along with marine resources development, maritime facilitieies such as especially deep-sea oil recovery, seafari, national defense construction need use a large amount of mooring chains, because the especially abominable operating environment in deep-sea and the maximization of maritime facilities of ocean, over-all properties to mooring chain steel has proposed more harsh requirement, desired strength height not only, good toughness, in light weight, also require seawater corrosion resistance, antifatigue, wear-resistant and good welding property and weld bond low-temperature impact toughness preferably.Make the mooring chain diameter of rod and be generally φ 70mm-φ 160mm, the length 100m-2000m of whole piece chain.The tensile strength of four-grade mooring chain requires greater than 860 MPa, and yield strength requires greater than 580MPa, and domestic three grades of chain steels peculiar to vessel of producing can not satisfy above marine mooring chain performance requriements far away at present.Therefore, marine mooring chain especially R4 level marine mooring chain seem particularly important and urgent with the research and the production of steel.Domestic R4 level marine mooring chain was once done some researchs with steel, as the 9th phase of " metal heat treatmet " nineteen ninety " fracture toughness property of level Four chain steel ", " metal heat treatmet journal " 1991 the 12nd volume the 4th phases " the ductile fracture toughness of level Four chain steel and the somatotype of fracture surface ", " heat processing technique " 1991 the 5th phases " mechanical property of novel level Four chain steel ", " special steel " 1992 the 2nd phases " development and the application of ocean platform chain steel 30MnCrV ".These documents have reported that all some are used for the steel grade of R4 level mooring chain, because the thermal treatment susceptibility of these steel grades is strong, welding property mechanical property poor, the commissure is on the low side, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of system chain technology, therefore only limit to the trial-production of breadboard short run, industry is big produces and do not change over to, and this product still belongs to blank at home so far.
The contrast situation of the domestic several four-grade mooring chain steel grades reported and steel grade of the present invention is as follows.
Steel grade of the present invention contrasts with the composition (%) of contrast grade of steel
In the system chain technological process of mooring chain, bar is after flash welding, make the long chain of km, the whole piece chain is again through quenching+tempered quenching-and-tempering process. very easily produce quenching and temper crack defective for large-scale chain on its surface and commissure, in case produce such defective, wherein there is the chain link of crackle must from whole chain, take down and make again, this will increase energy consumption significantly, reduce production efficiency, simultaneously because in welding process, the commissure principal element is (as C, Si, Mn etc.) scaling loss and accumulation will reduce the mechanical property of commissure.By the optimization design of composition, reduce the thermal treatment susceptibility of steel grade, improve the mechanical property of weld bond part, be the key of this steel grade design.
| Element | C | ?Si | Cr | ?Ni | ????P | ????S | ????Al | Sn | Sb | As | ????B | |||
| The present invention | ?0．28 | ?0．27 | ?1．58 | ?1．00 | ?1．12 | ?0．58 | ?0．014 | ?0．006 | ?0．029 | ?0．04 | ?0．02 | ?0．008 | ?0．03 | ?0．003 |
| Compared steel 1 | ?0．26 | ?0．31 | ?1．64 | ?1．04 | 0．47 | ?0．009 | ?0．008 | ?0．025 | ||||||
| Compared steel 2 | 0．205 | ?0．695 | ?1．50 | ?0．78 | ?0．79 | ?0．44 | ?0．020 | ?0．005 | ?0．070 | |||||
| Compared steel 3 | ?0．22 | ?0．67 | ?1．49 | ?0．84 | ?0．80 | ?0．50 | ?0．022 | ?0．005 | ?0．075 | ?0．028 |
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, high strength, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel and production technique thereof are provided.
Specifically, the invention relates to:
A kind of high strength, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel, it is characterized in that: contain (weight %) C:0.25%-0.33%, Si:0.15%-0.30%, Mn:1.45%-1.75%, Cr:0.90%-1.40%, Ni:1.00%-1.20%, Mo:0.45%-0.65%, Nb:0.02%-0.06%, Al:0.020%-0.050%, remnants and harmful element P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Cu :≤0.20%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb :≤0.01%, As :≤0.04%, B :≤0.005%, [N] :≤0.009%, ［ O ］ :≤0.0020%, all the other are Fe.
Above-mentioned high strength, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel is characterized in that, carbon equivalent must be greater than 1.40, i.e. carbon equivalent Ce=C (%)+1/3Cr (%)+1/3Mn (%)+2/3Mo (%).
Below, describe the qualification reason of high strength of the present invention, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel chemical ingredients in detail.
C: carbon can improve the intensity of steel, can improve the hardening capacity of steel simultaneously again.Be lower than 0.25%, the mechanical property of commissure does not reach the requirement of strength of four-grade mooring chain, is higher than 0.33%, and in quenching technology, mother metal easily produces quenching crack, and the residual carbon of flash welding part increases, and will reduce the impelling strength of commissure.Therefore carbon content is defined as: 0.25-0.33%.
Si: silicon can improve the intensity and the hardening capacity of steel, and its minimum content is 0.15%, just can reach its effect, but silicone content is too high particularly when itself and manganese, the coexistence of chromium element, the silicon solid solution makes AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING in austenite, increase the temper brittleness of superheated susceptivity one steel of steel.Because silicon is easily oxidized, the existence that steel mesosilicic acid salt is mingled with will reduce the impelling strength of steel simultaneously.The silicone content of compared steel 2, compared steel 3 is higher, and this is that the impelling strength of chain commissure is low, produces to quench or the major cause of temper crack in the modifier treatment process.The Si upper content limit of steel grade of the present invention is 0.30%.
Mn: as improving intensity and toughness, improve the hardening capacity of steel and add, but the manganese too high levels easily produces the tendency of crystalline grain of steel alligatoring, and increased the susceptibility of the temper brittleness of steel, when manganese content surpasses 1.75%, easily produce quenching crack, so the manganese content range is defined as 1.45-1.75%.
Cr: chromium is the principal element that improves mooring chain steel anti-seawater corrosion ability, and chromium can suppress and reduce the velocity of diffusion of carbon simultaneously, reduces the scaling loss of steel carbon when welding, improves the mechanical property of commissure.Chromium improves the effect of the hardening capacity and the temper resistance of steel in addition.Therefore chromium should be not less than 0.90%, and the higher formed oxide inclusion of chromium content is stranded in the commissure, will reduce the impelling strength of steel, and the chromium upper limit is defined as 1.40%.Compared steel 2, compared steel 3 chromium content are on the low side, and with respect to steel grade of the present invention, its temper resistance, hardening capacity are lower, and the comprehensive mechanical property of its commissure is not as good as this steel grade.
Mo: molybdenum can improve the hardening capacity of steel, prevents temper brittleness, can obviously improve the quenching characteristics at steel welding seam place, reduces quenching crack, improves the impelling strength of commissure.When molybdenum content surpasses 0.65%, will no longer increase the effect of improved performance.Molybdenum element also is one of element as the corrosion resistance nature that improves steel simultaneously.
Ni: nickel can improve the intensity of steel, reduce the low temperature brittleness transition temperature of steel, also can improve the anti-fatigue performance and the susceptibility that reduces breach of steel, can obviously improve the mother metal of chain and the low-temperature impact toughness of commissure, nickel element also is one of element as the corrosion resistance nature that improves steel simultaneously.But too high levels not only increases cost, and is difficult for oxidation owing to the metallic matrix under the oxide skin becomes rich nickel, thereby causes oxide skin to adhere to, and forms the oxide skin of difficult drop-off, " misrun " phenomenon occurs in the technology of welding deburring is made.This steel grade content range is defined as 1.00-1.20%.Compared steel 1 as residual element, rather than adds nickel as alloying element, with respect to steel grade of the present invention, the mother metal of its chain link and the comprehensive mechanical property of commissure and corrosion resistance nature are not as good as steel grade of the present invention.
Nb: niobium adds as crystal grain thinning element and precipitation strength element, and is obvious to reducing gas content in the steel and improving the low-temperature impact toughness effect of steel.When its content surpassed 0.06%, it improved effect and no longer increases.Simultaneously niobium is with the effect of carbon in the fixing steel, thus the performance of raising steel anti intercrystalline corrosion.Do not add this element in compared steel 1, the compared steel 2, with respect to steel grade of the present invention, the mother metal of its chain link and the comprehensive mechanical property of commissure and corrosion resistance nature are not as good as steel grade of the present invention.
Al: the effect of aluminium and niobium is similar, mainly is gas oxygen, nitrogen content in crystal grain thinning and the reduction steel, to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of chain mother metal and commissure.Aluminium surpasses at 0.050% o'clock, and the oxide inclusion of aluminium increases, and will worsen the impelling strength of steel.The aluminium content of compared steel 2, compared steel 3 is higher than 0.050%, the increase that easily causes aluminum oxide to be mingled with in the weldprocedure.With respect to steel grade of the present invention, the mother metal of its chain link and the comprehensive mechanical property of commissure and corrosion resistance nature are not as good as steel grade of the present invention.
Residual element Sn, Sb, As, Cu, B, P, S: people confirm by great deal of experimental, and P, As, Sn, Sb cause embrittlement of grain boundaries in that intergranular is poly-partially, are that to produce tempering crisp, particularly the crisp primary factor of high tempering.When residual element content adds AS, Sn, when P surpasses certain content, also will reduce the low-temperature impact toughness of steel, improve the brittle transition temperature of steel, worsen the comprehensive mechanical property of steel.Steel grade of the present invention is controlled at residual element: Sn≤0.03%, Sb≤0.01%, As≤0.04%, Cu≤0.20%, P≤0.02%S≤0.015%.B has the temper brittleness that increases steel and makes the austenite crystal tendency of growing up, so B is controlled at≤0.005% in, its influence to thermal treatment susceptibility can be ignored.Compared steel 1, compared steel 2, compared steel 3 do not have narration.Steel grade of the present invention has more advantage.
O: under lesser temps, intensity and plasticity reduce sharp with the increase of oxygen level.Oxygen level impact toughness is also influential, and along with the increase of oxygen level, the maximum value of impact value reduces gradually, and brittle transition temperature also raises soon, and the scope of brittle transition temperature is also along with broadening.The present invention and production technique can be with Control for Oxygen Content in 0.0020% (20ppm).Compared steel 1, compared steel 2, compared steel 3 do not have narration.Steel grade of the present invention has more advantage.
N:, can produce remarkable influence to the mechanical property of steel though residual nitrogen content is few in the steel.Nitrogen can make steel produce the strain aging phenomenon, and promptly intensity and hardness improve, and toughness reduces, and notch sensitivity increases, and nitrogen content is high more, and the fragility tendency that is caused by nitrogen content is just more obvious.The present invention and production technique can be controlled at nitrogen content in 0.0090% (90ppm).Compared steel 1, compared steel 2, compared steel 3 do not have narration.Steel grade of the present invention has more advantage.
Mooring chain steel according to the present invention produces can obtain higher intensity, lower yield tensile ratio, thereby has excellent low-temperature impact toughness.Test portion is taken a sample after whole modifier treatment, records yield strength σ
δ=830-860MPa, tensile strength sigma
b=900-1070MPa, unit elongation δ
5=16-21%, relative reduction in area ψ=65-70%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 110-150J.
The production technique of steel of the present invention below is described:
(1) electrosmelting is smelted in 100t ultra high power direct current electric arc furnace, adds the steel scrap and the pig iron, realizes pre-deoxidation and composition initial adjustment;
(2) trimming is carried out in LF refining in the 100tLF refining furnace;
(3) VD refining adopts the 100tVD stove to realize vacuum outgas, guarantees [H]≤0.0002%;
(4) continuous casting, the 5 stream caster machines that the employing radius is 12 meters, continuous casting becomes the 300mm square billet;
(5) tandem rolling by 16 frame tandem rolling units, is rolled into the mooring chain bar;
Nondestructive testing adopts the ultrasonic eddy current testing equipment group that involves to carry out the surface of rolled piece and the check of internal soundness.
Embodiment 1
C：0．28％、Si：0．27％、Mn：1．58％、Cr：1．00％、Ni：1．12％、Mo：0．58％、Al：0．029％、Nb：0．04％、P：0．014％、S：0．006％、Cu：0．12％、Sn：0．02％、Sb：0．008％、As：0．02％、B：0．003％、[N]：0．0056％、[O]：0．0015％、[H]0．00015％。
Bar is through complete heat treatment (890 ℃ of 600 ℃ of tempering of quenching), takes a sample in the back, and the mechanical property that is obtained is as follows:
σ
δ=850MPa, tensile strength sigma
b=980MPa, unit elongation σ
5=18%, relative reduction in area Ψ=67%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 145J.
Embodiment 2
C：0．30％、Si：0．28％、Mn：1．52％、Cr：1．20％、Ni：1．15％、Mo：0．58％、Al：0．032％、Nb：0．035％、P：0．015％、S：0．008％、Cu：0．12％、Sn：0．02％、Sb：0．008％、As：0．02％、B：0．003％、[N]：0．0062％、[O]：0．0016％、[H]O．00014％。
Bar is through complete heat treatment (890 ℃ of 600 ℃ of tempering of quenching), takes a sample in the back, and the mechanical property that is obtained is as follows:
σ
δ=830MPa, tensile strength sigma
b=960MPa, unit elongation σ
5=19%, relative reduction in area ψ=65%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 142J.
Embodiment 3
C：0．2?6％、Si：0．25％、Mn：1．52％、Cr：0．95％、Ni：1．15％、Mo：0．58％、Al：0．025％、Nb：0．045％、P：0．015％、S：0．008％、Cu：0．12％、Sn：0．02％、Sb：0．008％、As：0．02％、B：0．003％、[N]：0．0060％、[O]：0．0015％、[H]0．00012％。
Bar is through complete heat treatment (890 ℃ of 600 ℃ of tempering of quenching), takes a sample in the back, and the mechanical property that is obtained is as follows:
σ
δ=840MPa, tensile strength J
b=995MPa, unit elongation σ
5=17%, relative reduction in area Ψ=62%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 135J.
In order to further specify the practical application effect of mooring chain steel of the present invention, below illustrate the mechanical property of the mooring anchor chain finished product made from this steel grade.
The system chain technology of anchor chain product is: adopt the special-purpose unit of flash of light preheating butt welding that bar is compiled the ring butt welding, after chain was made, needing quenches in the modified heat treatment furnace of vertical continous way adds the tempering processing: quenching temperature 870-920 ℃, water-cooled was to room temperature, 580-630 ℃ of tempering, water-cooled is to room temperature.Stretching and impact specimen are got in the ring back of the body and commissure at chain link, and its assay is as follows.
The ring back of the body: σ
δ=830MPa, tensile strength sigma
b=917MPa, unit elongation σ
5=22%, relative reduction in area Ψ=67%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 141J.
Weld seam: σ
δ=825MPa, tensile strength sigma
b=913MPa, unit elongation σ
5=17%, relative reduction in area Ψ=58%; Ballistic work under-20 ℃ (v-notch) is 105J.
Above mooring chain bar production factory (emerging clear Iron And Steel Company) and mooring chain manufacturer (Zhenjiang Anchor Chain Works) be the works approval by ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), DNV (Veritas), three surveying societies of LR (Lloyd's Register of Shipping) all, and obtaining works approval and product recognized certificate, its mechanical performance data is the measured data of above-mentioned three tame surveying societies product approval.
Claims (3)
1. high strength, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel, it is characterized in that: contain (weight %) C:0.25%-0.33%, Si:0.15%-0.30%, Mn:1.45%-1.75%, Cr:0.90%-1.40%, Ni:1.00%-1.20%, Mo:0.45%-0.65%, Nb:0.02%-0.06%, Al:0.020%-0.050%, remnants and harmful element P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Cu :≤0.20%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb :≤0.01%, As :≤0.04%, B :≤0.005%, [N] :≤0.009%, [O] :≤0.0020%, all the other are Fe.
2. the described high strength of claim 1, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel is characterized in that, carbon equivalent must be greater than 1.40, i.e. carbon equivalent Ce=C (%)+1/3Cr (%)+1/3Mn (%)+2/3Mo (%).
3. the production technique of claim 1 or 2 described a kind of high strength, high tenacity, corrosion resistant mooring chain steel is characterized in that this technology comprises:
(1) electrosmelting is smelted in 100t ultra high power direct current electric arc furnace, adds the steel scrap and the pig iron, realizes pre-deoxidation and composition initial adjustment;
(2) trimming is carried out in LF refining in the 100tLF refining furnace;
(3) VD refining adopts the 100tVD stove to realize vacuum outgas, guarantees [H]≤0.0002%;
(4) continuous casting, the 5 stream caster machines that the employing radius is 12 meters, continuous casting becomes the 300mm square billet;
(5) tandem rolling by 16 frame tandem rolling units, is rolled into the mooring chain bar;
(6) nondestructive testing adopts the ultrasonic eddy current testing equipment group that involves to carry out the surface of rolled piece and the check of internal soundness.
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