CN100439552C - Composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100439552C CN100439552C CNB2006100282499A CN200610028249A CN100439552C CN 100439552 C CN100439552 C CN 100439552C CN B2006100282499 A CNB2006100282499 A CN B2006100282499A CN 200610028249 A CN200610028249 A CN 200610028249A CN 100439552 C CN100439552 C CN 100439552C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength and high-flexibility quenched and tempered steel and making method to manufacture high-anti-collapsing casing, which comprises the following steps: allocating raw materials with 0.23-0.31% C, 0.23-0.55% Si, 0.9-1.3% Cr, 0.75-1.0% Mn, 0-0.7% Ni, 0.15-0.5% Mo, 0.01-0.05% V, 0.01-0.06% Nb, 0.08-0.25%Cu, 0.01-0.07% Al , 0.01-0.08% Ti, Fe and inevitable impurity; soaking the ingot at 1200-1260 deg. c; doing multipath rolling; setting the terminal rolling temperature over 800 deg. c and the accumulated compressing rate over 4-7; doing air cooling after rolling; tempering; heating to 860-910 deg. c to insulate 5-60 min; doing water quenching; tempering at 600-680 deg. c; fitting for manufacturing the high-anti-collapsing casing of deep well.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of quenched and tempered steel and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel and manufacture method thereof that can be used for producing high collapse-resistance casing.
Background technology:
High collapse strength generally has following requirement with steel, high steel grade oil casing steel etc. to the performance of material:
(1) good hardening capacity; (2) good temper resistance; (2) high obdurability.Be extensive use of the CrMo steel at present, make as 4130 steels.Because this steel contains elements such as higher Cr, Mo, Mn, the hardening capacity of steel is better, and the adding of Mo makes it have good temper resistance again.600 ℃ of tempering, yield strength can reach 800MPa.Along with the difficulty of the oil mining in China western part increases, show that mainly well depth increases, well is pressed and is increased, thereby the obdurability of oil well pipe is had higher requirement.For this reason, Chinese patent publication number CN1390972 disclosed " ultrahigh-strength low-alloy steel ", this steel grade yield strength σ
sReach 860Mpa, tensile strength sigma
bReach 1000-1300MPa, greater than 33J, grain fineness number is 7 grades to unit elongation 6 greater than 15%, 0 ℃ of transverse impact toughness; The composition of the composition of this steel and a kind of oil and gas exploitation middle-deep well, the employed steel of ultra deep well petroleum casing pipe (CN1619005) does not contain elements such as Ti, Nb, Al, see Table 1, and these elements can improve the obdurability of material by refine austenite crystal grain.Improve the obdurability of iron and steel, the weight/power ratio that alleviates member also is the inevitable requirement of building a conservation-minded society.
As everyone knows, the reinforcement of material generally is divided into precipitation strength, solution strengthening, refined crystalline strengthening etc.Precipitation strength is owing to second of the small and dispersed of separating out hinders the reinforcement that dislocation motion produces mutually, is the important strengthening mechanism of quenched and tempered steel; Solution strengthening then is because solute atoms contraposition Wrong Shipment movable property is given birth to obstruction.The general solution strengthening unit that deposits have Si, Mn etc. in the steel, comprises elastic interaction (Ke Shi air mass), electric interaction (tinkling of pieces of jade wood gas group) and chemical interaction; Refined crystalline strengthening is that crystal grain quantity increases because crystal grain reduces, and has increased the reinforcement that the resistance of the continuous slippage of dislocation causes; Because slippage disperses, plasticity is increased simultaneously.When being unique, this strengthening mechanism increases intensity and flexible mechanism.
For the CrMo steel, general what pay close attention to is mechanical property behind its Q-tempering, seldom traces back to the original austenite grains degree of iron and steel.Tiny original austenite grains can provide more nucleation site for follow-up phase transition process, helps forming tiny ferrite and carbide.Therefore, the original austenite grains degree of steel can have a significant impact the performance index such as intensity, toughness and fatigue resistance of steel.In the material design, as everyone knows, behind the solidification of molten steel, alloying elements such as Ti, Nb, V all can form TiN, TiC, NbN, NbC, VN, VC carboritride respectively with the elements such as C, N in the steel in the cooling and the operation of rolling, these several compound solid solubility are long-pending to be increased successively, formation temperature reduces successively, (Nb, Ti) CN can also bring out between austenite non-recrystallization district deformation phases and separate out, a large amount of undersized particle of these existence can pinning original austenite crystal boundary in heat-processed, stops original austenite grains to be grown up effectively.Traditional AlN metallurgy also can obtain tiny austenite crystal; On technology controlling and process, generally speaking, thin brilliant acquisition has two kinds of methods, i.e. recrystallize method and phase transition method.Recrystallize is included in the dynamic recrystallization of austenitic area and ferrite area, and the phase transformation rule comprises that strain-induced transformation and strain hardening phase transformation are to obtain tiny tissue.Use these methods, Japanese national Materials science institute has successfully obtained the ultra-fine grain steel that diameter reaches 1 μ m.Because quenched and tempered steel needs reheat to austenitizing temperature after hot rolling, suitable heating process not only can not cause austenite crystal to be grown up, and can also reach the effect of further refinement.But, will reduce distortion during quenching and avoid cracking, thereby the CrMo steel generally adopts oil quenching technology.Because the cooling performance of oil approaches desirable cooling performance, yet oil quenching brings the defective in the environment protection, particularly fire hazard.Glassware for drinking water has the characteristics of cheapness, safety and environmental protection, but its highest speed of cooling can be up to 700-800 ℃/s, and the distortion that quenching causes and the expansion of crackle are just unavoidable.
Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is to develop and a kind ofly can satisfy high collapse strength and reach quenched and tempered steel and manufacture method thereof high-intensity high-tenacity, can shrend with the complex intensifying mechanism of utilizing of steel requirement.
Thinking of the present invention is: start with from the composition design of material, adopt suitable carbon content to reduce the possibility of shrend strain cracking.And adopt multiple reinforcement means, improve the obdurability of material, content with suitable C, Cr, Mo, in the hope of obtaining best phase transformation strengthening effect, suitably add V, Nb, Ti, Cu to reach the effect of dispersion-strengthened, refined crystalline strengthening, add an amount of Al crystal grain thinning, add an amount of Ni to improve the toughness of material; Control finishing temperature, reheat austenitizing temperature, tempering temperature and soaking time obtain tiny original austenite grains, and the precipitate that small and dispersed distributes is to reach maximum highly malleablized effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel, and the weight percent proportioning of its moiety is:
C：0.23-0.31％
Mn：0.75-1.0％
Si：0.23-0.55％
Cr：0.9-1.3％
Mo：0.15-0.5％
Ni：0-0.7％
Cu：0.08-0.25％
Al：0.01-0.07％
Ti：0.01-0.08％
Nb：0.01-0.06％
V：0.01-0.05％
P：＜0.02％
S：＜0.015％
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The preferable range of the weight percent proportioning of its moiety of quenched and tempered steel of the present invention is: C 0.25-0.29%, Si0.25-0.40%, Cr 0.9-1.1%, Mn 0.80-1.0%, Ni 0.10-0.30%, Mo 0.38-0.42%, V0.03-0.05%, Nb 0.03-0.05%, Cu 0.18-0.22%, Al 0.02-0.05%, Ti 0.03-0.05%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The composition principle of design is as follows:
C: in order to alleviate shrend rimose susceptibility, by weight percentage, C content should not be greater than 0.31%, but the too low intensity that will diminish material of C content should adopt carbon content 0.23-0.31%.
Mn: mainly be dissolved in ferrite and play strengthening effect, be used for improving the hardening capacity of steel, but content when too high segregation serious, by weight percentage, should adopt Mn content is 0.75-1.0%.
Si: solid solution improving the yield strength of steel, but will be lost plasticity and toughness in ferrite simultaneously, and by weight percentage, should adopt silicone content is 0.23-0.55%.
Cr: improve the hardening capacity element strongly, the strong carbide forming element, carbide precipitate improves the intensity of steel during tempering, also improves the solidity to corrosion of steel, by weight percentage, should adopt content 0.9-1.3%.
Mo: improve the hardening capacity element, the strong carbide forming element can effectively improve the temper resistance of steel, owing to cost an arm and a leg, content is unsuitable too high, by weight percentage, should adopt content 0.15-0.5%.
Ni: improve the hardening capacity element.Can improve the intensity of steel and significantly not reduce its toughness.Improve the low-temperature flexibility of steel.Nickel can also improve the resistance to corrosion of steel, can not only be acidproof, and can alkali resistant and atmospheric corrosion.By weight percentage, should adopt content 0-0.7%.
Cu: be insoluble to α-Fe substantially in room temperature, and separate out, and steel is strengthened, can also improve the corrosion resistance nature of steel with the form of ε-Cu or face-centered cubic α-Cu.By weight percentage, should adopt content 0.08-0.25%.
Al: traditional nitrogen killer, forming AlN can refine austenite crystal grain, can also improve the corrosion resistance nature of steel simultaneously, by weight percentage, should adopt content 0.01-0.07%.
Ti: strong carbonitride forming element forms TiN, TiC and all can stop austenite crystal to grow up refine austenite crystal grain in soaking and reheat process; If content is too high, easily form thick TiN, do not reach the purpose of interpolation.By weight percentage, should adopt content 0.01-0.08%.
Nb: can postpone austenite recrystallization during hot rolling and reach the purpose of crystal grain thinning, in cooling and course of hot rolling subsequently, Nb (C, N) particle dispersion is separated out, and can play the effect of precipitation strength again.In the reheat process, can hinder austenite crystal and grow up, by weight percentage, should adopt content 0.01-0.06%.
V: the carbonitride of vanadium is separated out in ferrite, can further reach the effect of precipitation strength in the tempered process, by weight percentage, should adopt content 0.01-0.05%.
A kind of manufacture method of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel, comprise batching melting, rolling and modifier treatment, to smelt the back steel ingot 1200-1260 ℃ of soaking by said ratio, in the austenite recrystallization district, non-recrystallization zone and deformation induced ferrite transformation district be rolling, 1200 ℃ of open rollings, finishing temperature is greater than 800 ℃, and temperature is treated in the centre, to make full use of element precipitate particulate effect of dragging refine austenite crystal grain such as Al, Ti, Nb, accumulative total compression ratio 4-7.Roll the back air cooling.Modifier treatment reheat temperature is 860-910 ℃ of insulation 5-60min shrend, in 600-680 ℃ of tempering.If soaking time is long, the dissolving of part precipitate, the austenite grain boundary of formation will lose pinning effect and grow up unusually, obtain mixed grain structure, not reach expected effect.
The present invention compared with prior art has the significant advantage of following conspicuous outstanding feature: the present invention is by utilizing the effect of alloying element in steel, Comprehensive Control from smelting solidify, each link such as rolling, thermal treatment to be to obtain maximum highly malleablized effect.The quenched and tempered steel original austenite grains Du Keda of invention is more than 10 grades, and in tempering more than 600 ℃, yield strength is more than 940MPa, and unit elongation is not less than 20%, and impelling strength is greater than 70J.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of steel of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the hardening capacity comparison diagram of the present invention and Comparative Examples
Embodiment:
According to the set of dispense ratio of technical solution of the present invention quenched and tempered steel, use 50Kg vacuum induction melting and rolling test in the laboratory, chemical ingredients sees Table 2.Operational path sees Table 3.Mechanical property sees Table 4, and the typical gold phase constitution is a tempered sorbite, sees accompanying drawing 1.Wherein B0, B1, B2 are the chemical ingredients of Comparative Examples 1-3, and Al, A2, A3, A4 are the chemical ingredients of inventive embodiments 1-4.The hardening capacity of steel of the present invention is good, and according to GB/T225-1988 regulation determination of test method, the hardening capacity of the present invention and Comparative Examples is relatively seen accompanying drawing 2, does not have the phenomenon of hardening break to take place.Under identical rolling and thermal treatment process since add the complex intensifying effect that element plays, the yield strength of the CrMo steel that steel of the present invention is more traditional is high by 25%; The influence of the refinement impact flexible of original austenite grains degree is very significant, and when autstenitic grain size refine to 10 grades by original 8 grades, transverse impact toughness has improved 100%, and impact of collision toughness has improved 50%.
Table 3 process system
Table 4 mechanical property detected result
Claims (4)
1, a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel, the weight percent proportioning of its moiety is:
C：0.23-0.31％
Mn：0.75-1.0％
Si：0.23-0.55％
Cr：0.9-1.3％
Mo：0.15-0.5％
Ni：0-0.7％
Cu：0.08-0.25％
Al：0.01-0.07％
Ti：0.01-0.08％
Nb：0.01-0.06％
V：0.01-0.05％
P：＜0.02％
S：＜0.015％
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2, a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight percent proportioning of its moiety is: C 0.25-0.29%, Si 0.25-0.40%, Cr 0.9-1.1%, Mn 0.80-1.0%, Ni 0.10-0.30%, Mo 0.38-0.42%, V 0.03-0.05%, Nb 0.03-0.05%, Cu 0.18-0.22%, Al 0.02-0.05%, Ti 0.03-0.05%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3, the manufacture method of the described a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel of claim 1, comprise batching melting, rolling and modifier treatment, it is characterized in that, to smelt the back steel ingot 1200-1260 ℃ of soaking by said ratio, multiple tracks is rolling, and finishing temperature is greater than 800 ℃, accumulative total compression ratio 4-7, roll the back air cooling, modifier treatment reheat temperature is shrend behind the 860-910 ℃ of insulation 5-60min, again in 600-680 ℃ of tempering.
4, the manufacture method of a kind of composite high-strength high-ductility hardened and tempered steel according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described multiple tracks is rolling be in the austenite recrystallization district, non-recrystallization zone and deformation induced ferrite transformation district be rolling.
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| CN101532113B (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2011-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Anti-collapse oil casing and manufacturing method thereof |
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