CN1024280C - 新型甲醛阻聚剂工业制备方法 - Google Patents
新型甲醛阻聚剂工业制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1024280C CN1024280C CN 90105480 CN90105480A CN1024280C CN 1024280 C CN1024280 C CN 1024280C CN 90105480 CN90105480 CN 90105480 CN 90105480 A CN90105480 A CN 90105480A CN 1024280 C CN1024280 C CN 1024280C
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 vinyl acetal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical group CC(C)OC(=O)N=NC(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910016455 AlBN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001912 cyanamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012985 polymerization agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种新型甲醛阻聚剂的合成方法是:以VAC、MeOH为原料,AIBN为引发剂,在5001带冷凝器的搪瓷反应釜中,聚合制得粘均分子量为17000~45000的PVAC树脂液。用N2驱除部分溶剂后,紧接着进行水解缩乙醛化反应。反应产物经高速搅拌分散机成型析出颗粒状树脂,再经水洗、干燥,即制得含乙酰基10~15%重量,缩乙醛基50~70%的阻聚剂。
Description
本发明涉及新型甲醛阻聚剂-聚乙烯醇缩乙醛的合成方法。工业甲醛的低温或较长期的贮存下,会逐渐变浑浊,并生成聚甲醛的白色沉淀。严重影响产品的加工使用和输送。为制备和提供稳定的甲醛水溶液,国内外曾研究和使用过多种阻聚剂,如甲醇、丙醇等醇类化合物。尿素和三聚氰胺类化合物,水合肼,水溶性纤维素和高级脂肪醇的聚氧乙烯醚类化合物等。近期专利DT3411、416、JP6136303、US4085、079等报导,用醋酸乙烯(VAC)、聚乙烯醇缩乙醛(PVA)、甲醛或乙醛等为原料来合成甲醛阻聚剂,但尚未见到按上述专利技术生产的商品出售。美国专利US40885079公开了一种采用聚乙烯醇缩乙醛作为甲醛阻聚剂的方法,该方法是将醋酸乙烯经溶液聚合后,经分离得到聚醋酸乙烯纯树脂,然后又用甲醇溶解,再进行水解缩醛化反应。该法的不足之处一是聚合反应后需将聚醋酸乙烯分离出来,再用甲醇溶解方可进行下一步反应,故工艺流程长,费时费力;二是水解缩醛化反应需在2公斤压力下进行,操作不便;三是缩乙醛化后树脂的成型方法不但十分繁琐,而且不能得到细粒状树脂,只能得到内部包含有溶剂富有弹性粘性的块状树脂,难以贮存和溶解。以上不难看出,该方法很难实现工业化生产。
本发明的目的在于提供一种工艺流程短、聚醋酸乙烯在常压下进行水解缩醛化反应、树脂成型方法简便有效的甲醛阻聚剂-聚乙烯醇缩乙醛的工业制备方法,以实现甲醛阻聚剂的工业化生产。本发明的另一目的是生产的阻聚剂主要用于国内37%左右工业甲醛水溶液中,以代替用量很大的甲醇阻聚剂和产品质量难于控制,溶解性能差,色泽很深的醋酸乙烯-四氯化碳调聚物阻聚剂,并有效地防止甲醛在冬季低温贮存下,不生成聚合物,以利甲醛的输送和使用。
本发明的特点之一,是利用一个带冷凝器的500升(l)或2000升(l)的搪瓷反应釜,先制备了符合要求的聚醋酸乙烯(PVAC)树脂液,于50℃下,用N2吹赶部分溶剂和未反应的醋酸乙烯后,紧接着进行水解缩醛化,制得合符要求的缩醛化产物。吹出回收的溶剂不经任何精制,即可再用于聚合。
本发明的特点之二,是树脂成型方法十分简便有效。只须将己缩醛化的产物从带孔板的高位槽中流入到KOH的醋酸溶液中,同时启动高速搅拌分散机,在其高速离心剪切力作用下,产物很快以细粒状树脂析出。
本发明的特点之三,是使用我厂高浓度副产乙醛作缩醛化剂,其纯度大于98%。
本发明的特点之四,经离心甩干的湿树脂可在小于50℃的流化床中干燥。
本发明的特点之五,缩醛化反应是在常压反应釜中进行。
本发明制的阻聚剂其结构特征如下:
其中,大分子中,乙烯基缩乙醛基为50-70%(重量)
大分子中,乙烯基乙酰基为10-15%(重量)
其它为,乙烯醇基
本发明的原则流程如附图,其主要工序包括:
(1)聚合-将物料加热到60-65℃,分二次加入引发剂甲醇液,回流聚合10小时(hr)。
(2)驱赶溶剂-驱赶部分溶剂和未反应的醋酸乙烯(VAC),回收用于下次聚合中。
(3)水解缩醛化-将浓缩好的聚醋酸乙烯(PVAC)甲醇液降温至10-15℃,加入98%的乙醛和计量的H2SO4,充分搅拌均匀后,升温至60℃反应35分钟,冷却至室温出料。
(4)水析-将冷却的乙缩醛树脂物料倒入带孔的高位槽中,让其流入到pH为12的KOH的醋酸水溶液中,同时启动高速搅拌分散机,产物以白色细颗粒状树脂迅速析出。
(5)水洗-用冷水6次洗涤树脂。
(6)离心甩干。
(7)干燥-在流化床中,50℃以下干燥。
本发明制得的阻聚剂其应用特点如下:
常温下,稍加搅拌,即可溶解在甲醇中,在甲醇中的溶解度不低于10g/100ml,溶液无色透明,在约37%甲醛水溶液中(其中含甲醇2%以下),添加10PPN的本阻聚剂,在-13~18℃下,贮存37天后,再在常温下贮存15个月,溶液仍透明清亮无沉淀物生成。
下面以实例说明本发明:
在带冷凝器中的500l搪瓷釜中,一次投入105kg醋酸乙烯(即VAC)和245kg甲醇(NeOH)将物料加热到60-65℃,加入1/2总量引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)的甲醇液,回流聚合4小时后,再加入剩余的引发剂(AIBN),回流聚合6小时,降温至50℃以下,通N2于釜内物料中,以驱赶部分溶剂和未反应的醋酸乙烯,回收的溶剂用于下次聚合中。取釜内物料分析,聚醋酸乙烯(PVAC)为59.74%,平均分子量为39560,降温至10-15℃,加入98%的乙醛26.2kg和计量的H2SO4,充分搅拌均匀后,升温至60℃,反应35分钟,冷却至室温出料。将冷却的己缩醛好的物料倒入带孔板的高位槽中,让其流入到pH;12的KOH和醋酸水溶液中,同时启动高速搅拌分散机,在高速离心剪切力作用下,产物以白色细颗粒状树脂迅速析出,用冷水六次洗洗树脂后,经离心甩干,在流化床中,50℃以下干燥,即得成品。
Claims (2)
1、一种甲醛阻聚剂的工业制备方法,其特征在于在甲醇中于60-65℃用引发剂聚合醋酸乙烯成为聚醋酸乙烯,用N2吹出部分溶剂和未反应的醋酸乙烯,向冷却到10-15℃的聚醋酸乙烯树脂液中加入98%的乙醛和H2SO4,在常压下升温至60℃,进行水解缩合反应,反应时间35分钟,然后冷却至室温,水解缩合反应的树脂成型是将树脂液从具有多孔网板的高位槽中流入KOH的醋酸溶液中,在高速搅拌分散机的离心剪切力作用下,迅速析出白色细颗粒状树脂、析出的树脂用冷水洗涤,再离心甩干后置流态化干燥装置中干燥即得到含乙烯基缩乙醛基50-70%(重量)、乙烯基乙酰基10-15%(重量)、其它为乙烯醇基的甲醛阻聚剂。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于引发剂是偶氮二异丁腈(AlBN),分两步各用总量1/2总量引发剂。
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CN 90105480 CN1024280C (zh) | 1990-06-05 | 1990-06-05 | 新型甲醛阻聚剂工业制备方法 |
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CN1024280C true CN1024280C (zh) | 1994-04-20 |
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CN1042542C (zh) * | 1994-08-16 | 1999-03-17 | 李瑞林 | 一种高效甲醛阻聚剂的制备方法 |
CN102746126B (zh) * | 2012-07-23 | 2015-04-08 | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 | 一种2,5-二羟基苯甲酰氯-sba-15阻聚剂、制备方法和应用 |
CN108503808A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-07 | 西陇科学股份有限公司 | 一种水溶性甲醛阻聚剂及其制备方法 |
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