CN102417831A - Biomass gasification generation system - Google Patents

Biomass gasification generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102417831A
CN102417831A CN2011102905921A CN201110290592A CN102417831A CN 102417831 A CN102417831 A CN 102417831A CN 2011102905921 A CN2011102905921 A CN 2011102905921A CN 201110290592 A CN201110290592 A CN 201110290592A CN 102417831 A CN102417831 A CN 102417831A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
flue gas
biomass
internal combustion
air
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CN2011102905921A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张守军
鲁万宝
赵成武
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Hefei Debo Bioenergy Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Hefei Debo Bioenergy Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass gasification generation system. In the system, biomass is crushed and dried and then enters a gasification furnace, the air which is preheated by an air preheater is injected in the gasification furnace from the bottom and then reacts with the biomass to generate high temperature gas, gas-solid separation is performed to the product, the unreacted carbon residue is collected and sent back to the gasification furnace through a returning device to further react, the separated high temperature gas enters a cyclone dust collector for dedusting and then enters a gas-flue gas heat exchanger, the cooled gas passes through a purification device to decoke, dedust and further cool, the gas passing through the purification device is sent to an internal combustion generating set to generate power, a part of high temperature flue gas discharged from the internal combustion generating set enters the air preheater to preheat the air, and the other part enters a waste heat boiler to generate steam. A part of low temperature flue gas from the air preheater and the waste heat boiler is used as the fluidized air of the returning device, the other part enters the gas-flue gas heat exchanger for heating, and the heated flue gas enters a drier to dry the biomass raw material. The biomass gasification generation system recycles the sensible heat of the high temperature gas to dry the biomass raw material and also recycles the sensible heat of the flue gas discharged from the internal combustion generating set to preheat air and generate steam, thus energy can be fully utilized; and the flue gas at the outlet of the internal combustion generating set is used as the fluidized air of the returning device to increase the operating stability of the gasification system.

Description

A kind of gasifying biomass power generation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system.
Background technology
China's biomass fuel aboundresources is developed the biomass fuel resource energetically, and helping to improve China is main energy structure with the fossil oil, can reduce the discharging of sulfide and oxynitride, can alleviate Greenhouse effect again.The gasifying biomass generation technology have generation mode flexibly, investment is less, efficient advantages of higher on a small scale the time.But in the existing biomass fermentation power technology, the entire system energy utilization efficiency is low, to problems such as demanded fuel harshnesses, therefore improves range of application and the benefit that system capacity utilization ratio and fuel tolerance can effectively improve the gasifying biomass generation technology.
Chinese invention patent 200910071440.5 discloses a kind of biomass high temperature pyrolysis and gasification power generation system; Produced the high-temperature low-oxygen flue gas by the air of the preheating of high temperature biogas heating and biogas in high-speed gas fuel burner internal combustion during operation; And spray into biomass whirlwind high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace; Mix, make it that pyrolytic gasification takes place with the biomass material in the stove, generate the biogas of the low tar content more than 1600 ℃, utilizing then with the oil engine is the generator for electricity generation of power.Its advantage is to reduce the tar content in the combustion gas significantly, but UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is incomplete, and integrated gasification efficient is not high.Chinese invention patent 201010251310.2 provides a kind of large-scale fixed bed biomass gasifying electricity generation production technique and suite of equipment, mainly comprises parts such as raw materials pretreatment, biomass fixed-bed gasification, gas sweetening and fuel gas generation.Adopt two sections water spray cleanings, the method decoking of electric fishing, with chlorine, the sulphur component of trace in the dry removal gas, the oil engine generating.Its advantage is that combustion gas does not contain harmful gas, and oxygen level is low, and calorific value is high.But shortcoming is preheating to be reclaimed not exclusively, and energy consumption is big, and integrated gasification efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; Gasifying biomass power generation system provided by the invention mainly comprises: biomass get into vapourizing furnace through broken, dry back, through the air of air preheater preheating from vapourizing furnace bottom adding vapourizing furnace; Generate high-temperature fuel gas with biomass reaction back; Product carries out gas solid separation, and unreacted carbon residue is collected, and gets back to vapourizing furnace through material-returning device and further reacts.High-temperature fuel gas after the separation carries out dedusting, cooling through tornado dust collector, combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device and refining plant and removes the defocused internal combustion engine generator group generating of sending into; High-temperature flue gas process air preheater that the internal combustion engine generator group is discharged and waste heat boiler be preheated air and generation steam respectively, then through the hot again drying machine dried biomass raw material that gets into of combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device.
The order of flowing through of the combustion gas that described vapourizing furnace produces is followed successively by combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device, refining plant, internal combustion engine generator group.
Flowing through of said internal combustion engine generator group outlet flue gas is followed successively by air preheater and waste heat boiler (the two parallel connection), combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device, drying machine in proper order.
The fuel gas temperature in said combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device exit is not less than 350 ℃.
Said high-temperature preheated air adopts the mode of internal combustion engine generator group smoke evacuation preheated air to produce, and the preheating temperature scope is 300～400 ℃.
Said a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system, wherein, the biomass material moisture of adding is lower than 50%.
Said a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system, wherein, material-returning device returning charge elegance is with the internal combustion engine generator group flue gas after lowering the temperature.
Biomass material after said drying and the fragmentation should reach particle diameter less than 10cm, and moisture is less than 25%.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
1. sensible heat all is recovered utilization in high-temperature fuel gas and the flue gas, has improved the capacity usage ratio of system;
2. adopt the low oxygen content flue gas to reclaim the combustion gas sensible heat, when combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device takes place to leak, can avoid explosion hazard, improve security of system;
3. adopt hot again flue gas to come the dried biomass raw material, can adopt the high-moisture biomass material, improved adaptability to raw material;
4. internal combustion engine generator group smoke and waste steam boiler produces steam confession in addition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a gasifying biomass power generation system synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Element numbers explanation among the figure:
Crusher 1, drying machine 2, feed bin 3, vapourizing furnace 4, cyclonic separator 5, material-returning device 6, tornado dust collector 7, combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8, refining plant 9, internal combustion engine generator group 10, waste heat boiler 11, air preheater 12.
Embodiment
The present invention is raw material with biomass; The biomass material water cut is lower than 50%; Biomass reach particle diameter less than 10cm through broken, drying, and moisture adds from vapourizing furnace 4 bottom dense through feeding device less than 25% back, and air is preheating to 300～400 ℃ through preheater 12; Add vapourizing furnace 4 then from vapourizing furnace 4 bottoms; Biomass are reacted with high temperature air generation high-efficiency gasification in vapourizing furnace 4 back-mixing processes, generate high-temperature fuel gas, and the pyritous preheated air utilizes the sensible heat of internal combustion engine generator group 10 smoke evacuations to produce.Compare with the air of normal temperature, faster through the speed of reaction of the air of preheating and the high temperature semicoke that material-returning device 6 returns, react more complete; Preheated air has been brought more sensible heat in addition, considers that from the thermally equilibrated angle of system under the condition of identical gasification air amount, the combustion share of system reduces after the preheating of air, and the gasification share increases the CO in the combustion gas 2Concentration reduces, and combustiblecomponents concentration increases, and fuel gases calorific value improves.
Gas solid separation is carried out in combustion gas, and unreacted carbon residue is collected, and gets back to vapourizing furnace 4 through material-returning device and further reacts.High-temperature fuel gas after the separation gets into tornado dust collector 7 and carries out dedusting; Get into combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8 then and carry out the sensible heat recovery; The capacity usage ratio of raising system, the combustion gas after the cooling can not be lower than 350 ℃, adopt flue gas to carry out energy recovery and can prevent in combustion gas-blast when flue gas heat exchange device 8 leaks; Combustion gas is through refining plant 9 decokings, dedusting and further send into 10 generatings of internal combustion engine generator group after the cooling; The high-temperature flue gas part that internal combustion engine generator group 10 is discharged gets into air preheater 12 preheated airs, and a part gets into waste heat boiler 11 and produces steam, makes full use of the waste heat of flue gas.A low-temperature flue gas part of coming out from air preheater 12 and waste heat boiler 11 is used as the fluidized wind of material-returning device; The flue gas low with oxygen level can avoid the use of and cyclonic separator 5 collected carbon residue reaction generation slagging scorification as returning charge wind; Other entering combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8 heats, and the flue gas after the heating gets into drying machine 2 dried biomass raw materials.
Embodiment 1
Biomass material adopts the wood chip of the water yield about 40%, and particle diameter is 6cm after fragmentation, drying, and moisture is 15%; Add vapourizing furnace 4,, add vapourizing furnace 4 from vapourizing furnace 4 bottoms through 350 ℃ of air of air preheater 12 preheatings; High temperature air and the reaction of biomass generation high-efficiency gasification generate high-temperature fuel gas, and product carries out gas solid separation; Unreacted carbon residue is collected, and gets back to vapourizing furnace 4 through material-returning device and further reacts.High-temperature fuel gas after the separation gets into tornado dust collector 7 dedustings; Combustion gas through after combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8 coolings reaches 400 ℃; Adopting flue gas to carry out energy recovery can prevent in combustion gas-blast when flue gas heat exchange device 8 leaks; Combustion gas is through refining plant 9 decokings, dedusting and further send into 10 generatings of internal combustion engine generator group after the cooling; The high-temperature flue gas 50% that internal combustion engine generator group 10 is discharged gets into air preheater 12 preheated airs, and all the other get into waste heat boilers 11 and produce steam, and the low-temperature flue gas 10% that comes out from air preheater 12 and waste heat boiler 11 is used as the fluidized wind of material-returning device; Other entering combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8 heats, and the flue gas after the heating gets into drying machine 2 dried biomass raw materials.System's generating efficiency reaches 23%.
Embodiment 2
Biomass material adopts the corn stalk of the water yield about 45%, and particle diameter is 4cm after fragmentation, drying, and moisture is 20%; Add vapourizing furnace 4,, add vapourizing furnace 4 from vapourizing furnace 4 bottoms through 300 ℃ of air of air preheater preheating 12; High temperature air and the reaction of biomass generation high-efficiency gasification generate high-temperature fuel gas, and product carries out gas solid separation; Unreacted carbon residue is collected, and gets back to vapourizing furnace 4 through material-returning device and further reacts.High-temperature fuel gas after the separation gets into tornado dust collector 7 dedustings; Through combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8; Combustion gas after the cooling reaches 400 ℃, adopts flue gas to carry out energy recovery and can prevent that combustion gas is through refining plant 9 decokings, dedusting and further send into 10 generatings of internal combustion engine generator group after the cooling in combustion gas-blast when flue gas heat exchange device 8 leaks; The high-temperature flue gas 40% that internal combustion engine generator group 10 is discharged gets into air preheater 12 preheated airs, and all the other get into waste heat boiler 11 and produce steam.The low-temperature flue gas 15% that comes out from air preheater 12 and waste heat boiler 11 is used as the fluidized wind of material-returning device, and other entering combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device 8 heats, and the flue gas after the heating gets into drying machine 2 dried biomass raw materials.System's generating efficiency reaches 21.5%.

Claims (8)

1. gasifying biomass power generation system; It is characterized in that: biomass get into vapourizing furnace after broken, dry; Air through the air preheater preheating adds vapourizing furnace from the vapourizing furnace bottom; Generate high-temperature fuel gas with biomass reaction back, product carries out gas solid separation, and unreacted carbon residue is collected; Getting back to vapourizing furnace through material-returning device further reacts; High-temperature fuel gas after the separation carries out dedusting, cooling through tornado dust collector, combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device and refining plant and removes the defocused internal combustion engine generator group of sending into and generate electricity, and high-temperature flue gas process air preheater that the internal combustion engine generator group is discharged and waste heat boiler be preheated air and generation steam respectively, then through the hot again drying machine dried biomass raw material that gets into of combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device.
2. the order of flowing through of the combustion gas that vapourizing furnace according to claim 1 produces is followed successively by combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device, refining plant, internal combustion engine generator group.
3. flowing through of the group of internal combustion engine generator described in the claim 1 outlet flue gas is followed successively by air preheater and waste heat boiler (the two parallel connection), combustion gas-flue gas heat exchange device, drying machine in proper order.
4. the fuel gas temperature in combustion gas described in the claim 1-flue gas heat exchange device exit is not less than 350 ℃.
5. adopt the mode of internal combustion engine generator group smoke evacuation preheated air to produce according to the said high-temperature preheated air of claim 1, the preheating temperature scope is 300～400 ℃.
6. according to the said a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system of claim 1, wherein, the biomass material moisture of adding is lower than 50%.
7. according to the said a kind of gasifying biomass power generation system of claim 1, wherein, material-returning device returning charge elegance is with the internal combustion engine generator group flue gas after lowering the temperature.
8. should reach particle diameter less than 10cm according to the biomass material after said drying of claim 1 and the fragmentation, moisture is less than 25%.
CN2011102905921A 2011-09-28 2011-09-28 Biomass gasification generation system Pending CN102417831A (en)

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CN102748768A (en) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-24 郭丰亮 Biomass dust removal heat exchanger
CN103216843A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-07-24 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Biomass gasifying burning boiler
CN103409171A (en) * 2013-07-16 2013-11-27 南京师范大学 Biomass pressurized fluidized bed gasification gas turbine combined cycle power generation system
WO2013173951A1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2013-11-28 中材高新材料股份有限公司 Combustion heating system
CN103571544A (en) * 2012-07-30 2014-02-12 通用电气公司 Systems for preheating feedstock
CN104479703A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-01 广东河山环保有限公司 Method and device for generating power by gasification of domestic sludge biomass particles
CN105419881A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-23 北京时代博诚能源科技有限公司 Co-generation method based on straw gas
WO2017049743A1 (en) * 2015-09-22 2017-03-30 梁万泉 Fresh air pre-heating fuel dust recovery type gasification furnace
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CN107355792A (en) * 2017-08-23 2017-11-17 程晓轩 Biomass material burning processing device and processing method
CN107666271A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-06 江苏鑫上电子科技有限公司 A kind of new solar energy, bioenergy power generation system
CN107828447A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-03-23 中科合肥煤气化技术有限公司 A kind of high temperature heating gas waste heat recovery refrigerating plant
CN107892950A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-04-10 中科合肥煤气化技术有限公司 A kind of high temperature heating gas waste-heat recovery device
CN107990310A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-04 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 A kind of low temperature revert system of fluidized-bed combustion boiler
CN108690663A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-10-23 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 It is a kind of efficient high to adapt to double-fluidized-bed gasification curing range and method
CN108728173A (en) * 2017-04-18 2018-11-02 青岛冠宝林活性炭有限公司 A kind of vertical type biomass gasification installation
CN109139158A (en) * 2018-08-06 2019-01-04 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 Utilize the system and method for biogas sensible heat and smoke evaporative emission reduction desulfurization wastewater
CN109161407A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-01-08 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 A kind of devices and methods therefor of biomass high-adaptability, efficient positive pressure gasification coupling coal-burning boiler
CN109578961A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-04-05 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 A kind of gasification of biomass coupling direct combustion power generation system and method
CN109679695A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-26 新地能源工程技术有限公司 A kind of gasification of biomass Poly-generation charcoal thermoelectric device and technique
CN110129076A (en) * 2019-04-23 2019-08-16 湖南现代环境科技股份有限公司 A kind of biomass low temperature charcoal gas combined production device, biomass low temperature charcoal vapour combined production device and biomass low temperature charcoal vapour co-production
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CN110862835A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-03-06 嘉禾聚能（天津）科技有限公司 System for producing fuel gas
CN112552962A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 Multi-stage circulating gasification device and method for carbon-containing solid particles
CN114806641A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-07-29 西安交通大学 System and method for preparing biomass fuel from cow dung
CN115382388A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-11-25 中国海洋大学 System and method for resource conversion of carbon dioxide in boiler flue gas
CN115449404A (en) * 2022-09-09 2022-12-09 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Solid fuel grading pyrolysis gasification system and method thereof
CN116771505A (en) * 2021-12-23 2023-09-19 中印恒盛(北京)贸易有限公司 Woody biomass micro gas turbine and operation control method thereof

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CN102748768A (en) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-24 郭丰亮 Biomass dust removal heat exchanger
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CN109679695A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-26 新地能源工程技术有限公司 A kind of gasification of biomass Poly-generation charcoal thermoelectric device and technique
CN109679695B (en) * 2018-12-05 2024-02-06 新地能源工程技术有限公司 Biomass gasification poly-generation carbon thermoelectric device and process
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CN115382388A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-11-25 中国海洋大学 System and method for resource conversion of carbon dioxide in boiler flue gas
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